Lamentations 1:4

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

דרכי דַּרְכֵי

roads

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

דרך

derek

Definition

a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb

Root

from H1869 (דרך);

Exhaustive

from דרך; a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb; along, away, because of, [phrase] by, conversation, custom, (east-) ward, journey, manner, passenger, through, toward, (high-) (path-) way(-side), whither(-soever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1870

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דָּרַךְ

verb • Root דרך • Consonantal / Medium • Page 377

prop. to go along, to advance, to ascend. Hence 1. intr. to go, to wander, to walk. 2. tr. to tread, to tread down, an enemy.

Matched via consonantal key only

דֶּרֶךְ

noun / common gender • Root דרך • Consonantal / Medium • Page 378

A derivative of the verb דָּרַךְ. 1. A going, walking, journey. 2. A way, path, via. 3. An accessible, level road. 4. Metaphorically, conduct, undertaking, or way of acting.

Matched via consonantal key only

דָּרַךְ

verb • Root דרך • Consonantal / Medium • Page 378

To tread, to walk. Specific uses include treading a wine-press, stretching or bending a bow by treading on it. Figuratively, to spur, drive, urge on, or in a bad sense, to despise.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דֶּרֶךְ

com. gen. • Page 174

1. way, the place to which the way leads; 2. walk, manner of life, conduct; 3. religious walk, devotion to God, religion; 4. way, manner, method; 5. work.

דָּרַךְ

verb • Page 173

1. To tread, to tread on; often used with an accusative or various prepositions (Job 22: 15, Judg. 5: 21, Ps. 91: 13). 2. To bend or stretch a bow by resting it on the ground and treading on it (Ps. 7: 13, 11: 3, 37: 14, 1 Chr. 5: 18).

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: ὁδὸν ὁδῷ ὁδοὺσ ὁδοῦ ὁδοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1870:

ὁδὸν 148× (20.8%)

ὁδῷ 125× (15.6%)

ὁδοὺσ 59× (8.0%)

ὁδοῦ 57× (7.4%)

ὁδοῖσ 54× (6.7%)

ὁδόν 41× (5.5%)

ὁδὸσ 35× (4.9%)

ὁδούσ 25× (3.3%)

ὁδοὶ 19× (2.8%)

ὁδόσ 13× (1.7%)

ציון צִיּ֜וֹן

inner sign-post/monument

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ציון

Tsîyôwn

Definition

Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of Jerusalem

Root

the same (regularly) as H6725 (ציון)lemma ציון missing dagesh, corrected to ציון;

Exhaustive

the same (regularly) as ציוןlemma ציון missing dagesh, corrected to ציון; Tsijon (as a permanent capital), a mountain of Jerusalem; Zion.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6726

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

צִיּוֹן

noun proper masculine • Root צור • Strongs / High • Page 1227

A fortress, a castle, a tower, a mountain-fort.

צִיּוֹן

noun proper feminine • Root ציה • Strongs / High • Page 1228

(from צִיָה III.; tower, fortress, fort) n. p. f. Zion, Sión, the name of the south-western hill of Jerusalem.

צִיּוֹן

noun proper • Root ציה • Strongs / High • Page 1229

Name of the higher part of the city (Jerusalem/City of David). Universally used by poets and prophets for Jerusalem or its inhabitants.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

צִיּוֹן

f. prop. n. • Page 567

Zion, the proper name of a part of Jerusalem. Often used for Jerusalem itself.

Noun proper name

LXX: σιων pεἰσ pἐν

LXX Usage Statistics

H6726:

σιων 148× (92.7%)

pεἰσ 4× (2.7%)

pἐν 3× (2.0%)

אבלות אֲבֵל֗וֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אבל

ʼâbêl

Definition

lamenting

Root

from H56 (אבל);

Exhaustive

from אבל; lamenting; mourn(-er, -ing).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H57

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָבֵל

adjective • Root בל • Strongs_Numbers • Page 53

belonging to Abel

אָבֵל

verb • Root בל • Strongs_Numbers • Page 53

(unused) intr. to shoot forth, to grow, to spring forth fresh

אָבֵל

noun feminine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 53

f. a fresh, grassy place, meadow

אָבֵל

adjective • Strongs_Numbers • Page 54

Mourning, troubled, bowed down; of inanimate things: desert, waste, destroyed.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָבֶל

m. verbal • Root אבל • Page 21

mourning, lamentation. Especially for a person deceased. Refs: Est. 4:3; 9:22; Gen. 27:41; Am. 8:10; Jer. 6:26; Gen. 50:10; Mic. 1:8.

אָבֵל

verb • Root אבל • Page 21

mourning, gloomy, desolate. Found in Gen. 37:35, Lam. 1:4, Ps. 35:14, Is. 61:3.

אָבֵל

noun feminine • Page 21

fresh grass, a bundle of grass; a grassy plain (1 Sam. 6:18); proper name of a city in the north of Palestine (2 Sam. 20:18).

Adjective adjective feminine plural absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0057:

No stats available

מבלי מִבְּלִי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בלי

bᵉlîy

Definition

properly, failure, i.e. nothing or destruction; usually (with preposition) without, not yet, because not, as long as, etc.

Root

from H1086 (בלה);

Exhaustive

from בלה; properly, failure, i.e. nothing or destruction; usually (with preposition) without, not yet, because not, as long as, etc.; corruption, ig(norantly), for lack of, where no...is, so that no, none, not, un(awares), without.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1097

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בְּלָי

noun masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 247

Prop. the act of falling in pieces, of waxing old; concrete: worn out clothes, rags.

Matched via consonantal key only

בְּלִי

noun masculine • Root בלה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 248

Perdition, corruption

Matched via consonantal key only

בְּלִי

particle • Consonantal / Medium • Page 248

A negative particle: not, without, un-, -less; used with nouns to express denial

Matched via consonantal key only

בְּלֵי

verb • Root בלה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 248

To fall to pieces (Aramaic); same as Hebrew בָּלָה

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בְּלִי

verb • Root בלה • Page 100

1. as a subst. destruction (Is. 38:17). 2. as an adv. not, without (2 Sam. 1:21, Job 41:18). Often used with nouns or to denote 'because... not' (Deut. 4:42, Jer. 2:15).

Prep-M, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: ἄνευ ---% εἶναι ὑπάρχειν μηδένα

LXX Usage Statistics

H1097:

ἄνευ 7× (14.5%)

---% 5× (8.2%)

εἶναι 5× (5.5%)

ὑπάρχειν 3× (3.4%)

μηδένα 2× (2.9%)

ἔχειν 2× (2.3%)

οὐκ 2× (4.1%)

οὐκέτι 2× (3.8%)

'' 2× (3.5%)

באי בָּאֵי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בוא

bôwʼ

Definition

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H935

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בּוֹא

verb • Strongs_Numbers • Page 224

1. To go, to wander; usually with announcing the limit of one's going. 2. To arrive, to come at (distinguished from הָלַךְ in expressing the limit of going). In this sense metaphorically: a) to be born, to appear; b) to reach to one, to be equal to him; c) to reach inanimate things; d) to come upon, to fall upon (suddenly), e.g., of an enemy or calamity; e) to come to pass, to be fulfilled (of wishes, promises); f) of inanimate things, to come near; g) applied to time; h) with the preposition בְּ, to come with somewhat, i.e., to bring.

בּוֹא

verb • Root בוא • Strongs_Numbers • Page 225

To go in, to enter, to come; to arrive; to go down (of the sun).

בּוֹא

verb • Root בוא • Strongs_Numbers • Page 755

to come to

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בּוֹא

verb • Page 88

1. to go or come in, to enter. Gen. 6:18. Frequently opposed to יָצָא. 2. to lie with a woman, inire feminam. Gen. 16:2. 3. spoken of the sun, to set, go down (below the horizon). Gen. 15:17. 28:11.

בּוֹא

verb • Page 89

To go in, to enter, to come. Includes many specific idioms: to conduct oneself (Josh. 15:18); to come in as revenue (1 K. 10:14); to enter into a covenant (2 Chr. 15:12); to come upon someone or befall them (Lam. 1:10); to come to pass or be fulfilled (Prov. 13:12); to bring something (with ב, Ps. 66:13); to obtain (Ps. 69:28). Hiphil: to bring in, carry in, or lead (2 Sam. 9:10). Hophal: passive (Lev. 10:18).

Verb Qal participle active masculine plural construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0935:

No stats available

מועד מוֹעֵד

opportune time

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מועד

môwʻêd

Definition

properly, an appointment, i.e. a fixed time or season; specifically, a festival; conventionally ayear; by implication, an assembly (as convened for a definite purpose); technically the congregation; by extension, the place of meeting; also a signal (as appointed beforehand)

Root

or מעד; or (feminine) מועדה; (2 Chronicles 8:13), from H3259 (יעד);

Exhaustive

or מעד; or (feminine) מועדה; (2 Chronicles 8:13), from יעד; properly, an appointment, i.e. a fixed time or season; specifically, a festival; conventionally ayear; by implication, an assembly (as convened for a definite purpose); technically the congregation; by extension, the place of meeting; also a signal (as appointed beforehand); appointed (sign, time), (place of, solemn) assembly, congregation, (set, solemn) feast, (appointed, due) season, solemn(-ity), synogogue, (set) time (appointed).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4150

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מוֹעֵד

noun masculine • Root יעד • Strongs / High • Page 824

an assembly (of warriors), a troop.

מוֹעֵד

noun masculine • Root יעד • Strongs / High • Page 824

1. a fixed, appointed time; pl. appointed times; an epoch of time; point of time of the end, i.e. closing time; a future and definite time; a fixed section of time; a yearly returning time; hence a definite festival-time.

מוֹעֵד

noun masculine • Root יעד • Strongs / High • Page 825

An appointed time, season (sabbath, new moon, feast day); an appointed place; a coming together, an assembly, congregation; place of meeting, temple, synagogue; establishment, statute, covenant, law.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מוֹעֵד

m. verbal noun • Root יעד • Page 362

1. an appointed or definite time (Gen. 17:21, Jer. 8:7, Gen. 1:14, Hab. 2:3, Dan. 8:19), including festivals (Lev. 23:2). 2. a meeting or assembly (Job 30:23, Is. 33:20, Num. 16:2); also 'mount of the gods' (Is. 14:13) and 'tent of meeting' (Ex. 25:22). 3. appointed place of meeting, such as the temple or synagogues (Josh. 8:40, Lam. 2:6, Ps. 74:4, 8). 4. a concerted sign or signal (Judg. 20:38).

מוּעָד

verb • Root מעד • Page 362

a slipping, literally 'that which slips' (Job 12:5).

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: μαρτυρίου καιρὸν ἑορταῖσ ἑορτὰσ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H4150:

μαρτυρίου 136× (59.5%)

καιρὸν 12× (4.8%)

ἑορταῖσ 11× (3.8%)

ἑορτὰσ 7× (2.7%)

'' 6× (2.6%)

ἑορτῆσ 5× (2.3%)

--- 4× (2.1%)

καιρόν 4× (1.7%)

καιρῷ 3× (1.2%)

ἑορταὶ 3× (1.3%)

כל כָּל־

all

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כל

kôl

Definition

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

Root

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל);

Exhaustive

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3605

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּל

noun / masculine • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 695

Properly 'all, whole, totality'. 1. Used adjectivally to mean 'all' or 'the whole of', as in 'all the earth'. 2. Describes a plurality of individual persons or things, translated as 'all'.

כֹּל

substantive / adverb • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 696

A substantive meaning all, the whole, every, any. When used with a negative, it means none at all. It can also function as an adverb meaning wholly or altogether.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּל

chald. • Page 316

Same as Hebrew (all, every). Often appears with Makkeph as -כֹּל. References: Dan. 2:40, 4:9, 18, 25.

כֹּל

m. verbal • Root כלל • Page 315

A substantive meaning 'all', 'the whole', or 'totality'. Frequently used as an adjective (Jer. 33:8). 1. all. 2. every one.

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πάντα πᾶσ πάντεσ πᾶν πάντασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3605:

πάντα 921× (17.0%)

πᾶσ 451× (8.4%)

πάντεσ 441× (8.4%)

πᾶν 351× (6.5%)

πάντασ 297× (5.6%)

πᾶσαν 267× (4.9%)

πάντων 242× (4.4%)

πάσασ 230× (4.4%)

--- 227× (4.5%)

πᾶσα 214× (4.0%)

שעריה שְׁעָרֶיהָ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שער

shaʻar

Definition

an opening, i.e. door or gate

Root

from H8176 (שער) in its original sense;

Exhaustive

from שער in its original sense; an opening, i.e. door or gate; city, door, gate, port ([idiom] -er).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8179

ה

Definition

her, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person feminine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person feminine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9024

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שַׁעַר

noun masculine • Root שער • Strongs / High • Page 1466

1. Prop. cleft, aperture, a gate (of a city, camp, temple, palace, etc.). Often refers to a gate-building, a place of public resort or forum where trials were held and business transacted. Figuratively used for entrances (of heaven, deep, rivers). 2. A measure, hundredfold.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שֹׁעֵר

adjective • Page 694

vile, mean, detestable, spoken of figs. Jer. 29: 17.

שַׁעַר

verb • Root שער • Page 693

to think, estimate. Once Prov. 23:7. (Chald. שַׁעַר to measure. Arab. שער to fix a price.)

שַׁעַר

m. verbal • Root שער • Page 693

I. a measure. Once Gen. 26:12. מֵאָה שְׁעָרִים an hundred measures, i. e. an hundred fold.

שַׁעַר

com. gen. prim. • Root שער • Page 693

II. a gate, porta. In the gate the orientals have their market and their courts of judgment (Prov. 22:22, Amos 5:10). Thither the people assemble to pass away time (Gen. 19:1, Ps. 69:13). Lists various gates of Jerusalem including: the fountain-gate (Neh. 2:14), the dung-gate (Neh. 2:13), the valley-gate (Neh. 2:13), the corner-gate (Is. 31:38), the gate of Ephraim (Neh. 8:16), the old gate (Neh. 3:6), the first gate (Zech. 14:10), the fish-gate (Neh. 3:3), the sheep-gate (Neh. 3:1), the review-gate (Neh. 3:31), the horse-gate (Neh. 3:28), the water-gate (Neh. 3:26), and the prison-gate (Neh. 12:39).

Noun common masculine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person feminine singular

LXX: πύλησ πύλην πύλαισ πύλῃ πύλη

LXX Usage Statistics

H8179:

πύλησ 104× (27.0%)

πύλην 43× (10.8%)

πύλαισ 27× (6.6%)

πύλῃ 26× (5.9%)

πύλη 24× (6.3%)

πύλαι 21× (5.4%)

'' 19× (4.9%)

πύλασ 18× (4.7%)

πόλεσίν 16× (3.6%)

πυλῶν 16× (3.8%)

שוממין שׁוֹמֵמִין

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שמם

shâmêm

Definition

to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e. devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e. devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense); make amazed, be astonied, (be an) astonish(-ment), (be, bring into, unto, lay, lie, make) desolate(-ion, places), be destitute, destroy (self), (lay, lie, make) waste, wonder.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8074

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁמַם

aram. intr. verb (aramaic) • Root שמם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1449

(Pe. not used) Aramaic intransitive, same as Hebrew שׁוּם I (Root concept).

שָׁמַם

verb • Root שמם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1448

I. (Kal) 1. To be astonished, confounded, filled with dread. 2. To be laid waste or made desolate. (Hif) To make astonished; To lay waste, destroy. (Hithp) To be surprised, amazed, or dispirited.

שָׁמַם

verb • Root שמם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1448

II. Intransitive verb, same as שָׁאַף to snort, coupled with שָׁאַף to gasp for.

שָׁמַם

verb • Root שמם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1448

III. Intransitive verb (not used) meaning to be poisonous.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שְׁמָם

chald. ithpo. • Root שמם • Page 686

To be astonished, amazed (Dan. 4:16). Derived from Chald. Ithpo. אִשְׁתּוֹמַם.

שָׁמֵם

verb • Root ישם אשם • Page 685

1. to be laid waste, made desolate. Ezek. 33: 28. 35: 12, 15. Part. שׁוֹמֵם desolate, Lam. 1: 4. 3: 11. spoken of persons, faint, desponding, Lam. 1.

שָׁמֵם

m. verbal adj. • Root שמם • Page 686

Desolate, waste (Dan. 9:17).

Verb Qal participle active masculine plural absolute

LXX: ἐρημώσεωσ ἠφανίσθησαν ἠφανίσθη αὐτῆσ ἠρεμάζων

LXX Usage Statistics

H8074:

ἐρημώσεωσ 6× (6.6%)

ἠφανίσθησαν 3× (3.7%)

ἠφανίσθη 3× (3.5%)

αὐτῆσ 3× (2.6%)

ἠρεμάζων 2× (2.5%)

ἐκστήσεται 2× (2.5%)

σκυθρωπάσει 2× (2.5%)

ἐξηρημωμένασ 2× (2.5%)

ἐκστήσονται 2× (2.5%)

ἀφανισθήσεται 2× (2.3%)

כהניה כֹּהֲנֶיהָ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כהן

kôhên

Definition

literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)

Root

active participle of H3547 (כהן);

Exhaustive

active participle of כהן; literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman); chief ruler, [idiom] own, priest, prince, principal officer.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3548

ה

Definition

her, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person feminine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person feminine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9024

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּהֵן

noun / masculine • Root כהן • Strongs / High • Page 679

1. a servant (in a higher dignity), a minister, a counsellor performing service. 2. a priest.

כֹּהֵן

noun • Root כהן • Strongs / High • Page 680

1. An officer, a house-officer, counsellor. 2. A servant of God, who had charge of the sacrificial worship; a priest. This can refer to a priest of Aaron's line or a heathen priest.

Noun common masculine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person feminine singular

LXX: ἱερεὺσ ἱερεῖσ ἱερέα ἱερέωσ ἱερέων

LXX Usage Statistics

H3548:

ἱερεὺσ 211× (28.0%)

ἱερεῖσ 192× (24.9%)

ἱερέα 71× (9.5%)

ἱερέωσ 58× (7.9%)

ἱερέων 58× (7.7%)

ἱερεύσ 34× (4.5%)

ἱερεῖ 33× (4.3%)

ἱερεῦσιν 30× (3.7%)

--- 16× (2.5%)

'' 11× (1.5%)

נאנחים נֶאֱנָחים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אנח

ʼânach

Definition

to sigh

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to sigh; groan, mourn, sigh.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H584

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָנַח

verb • Root אנח • Strongs_Numbers • Page 161

To groan, properly to be grieved; in Nif. נֶאֱנַח to feel oneself vexed, hence to sigh, lament.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָנַח

verb • Page 61

to sigh, groan. Ex. 2:23. Joel 1:18, etc. Construed with עַל, Ezek. 21:12. [7.] or מִן, Ex. 2:23.

Verb Niphal participle active masculine plural absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0584:

No stats available

בתולתיה בְּתוּלֹתֶיהָ

in the hand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בתולה

bᵉthûwlâh

Definition

a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state

Root

feminine passive participle of an unused root meaning to separate;

Exhaustive

feminine passive participle of an unused root meaning to separate; a virgin (from her privacy); sometimes (by continuation) a bride; also (figuratively) a city or state; maid, virgin.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1330

ה

Definition

her, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person feminine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person feminine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9024

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בְּתוּלָה

noun feminine • Root בתל • Strongs / High • Page 288

1. A virgin who is not yet espoused. 2. A betrothed or newly-married woman. 3. An addition to בַּת before names of unconquered countries and cities.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בְּתוּלָה

f. prim. • Page 120

maid, virgin. Gen. 24:15 וְהַנַּעֲרָ בְּתוּלָה וְאִישׁ לֹא יְדָעָהּ and the damsel was a virgin, and no man had known her. 2 Sam. 13:2.—נַעֲרָ בְתוּלָה a damsel who is a virgin.

Noun common feminine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person feminine singular

LXX: παρθένοσ παρθένοι παρθένον παρθένουσ παρθένῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1330:

παρθένοσ 12× (24.6%)

παρθένοι 9× (17.1%)

παρθένον 8× (15.7%)

παρθένουσ 7× (13.3%)

παρθένῳ 5× (10.1%)

--- 2× (4.2%)

נוגות נּוּגוֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יגה

yâgâh

Definition

to grieve

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to grieve; afflict, cause grief, grieve, sorrowful, vex.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3013

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָגָה

verb • Root יגה • Strongs / High • Page 575

To feel pain, suffer, grieve, be troubled. Kal is unused. Nif. נוּגָה to be afflicted. Pih. יִגָּה to afflict. Hif. הוֹגָה to afflict, grieve, torment.

יָגָה

verb • Root יגה • Strongs / High • Page 576

To push away, impel forward, remove, separate, put away. In Hifil: to remove, put away.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָגָה

verb • Root יגה • Page 269

II. to be separated. Hiph. to separate, to remove. 2 Sam. 20: 13.

יָגָה

verb • Root יגה • Page 269

I. to be afflicted, grieved. In Kal not used. Pi. to afflict, grieve. Lam. 3: 33. Hiph. to afflict, grieve, vex. Job 19: 2. Lam. 1: 5, 12. 3: 32. Is. 51: 23. Niph. afflicted, grieved, Zeph. 3: 18. Lam. 1: 4.

Verb Niphal participle active feminine plural absolute

LXX: ἐταπείνωσεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3013:

ἐταπείνωσεν 2× (19.2%)

והיא וְהִיא

and herself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הוא

hûwʼ

Definition

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are

Root

of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is היא; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular;

Exhaustive

of which the feminine (beyond the Pentateuch) is היא; a primitive word, the third person pronoun singular; he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are; he, as for her, him(-self), it, the same, she (herself), such, that (...it), these, they, this, those, which (is), who.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1931

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הוּא

personal pronoun • Root הו • Strongs / High • Page 392

Personal pronoun, 3rd person singular masculine: he, it. It can also be used for emphasis (he himself), as a demonstrative (this, that), to indicate self, or to strengthen other pronouns (I myself, thou thyself).

הוּא

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 393

Personal pronoun, 3rd person singular masculine: he, it. Can also mean 'the same', 'himself'. It is also used as a designation for God, and can include the verb 'to be'.

הוּא

aramaic personal pronoun (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 393

Aramaic personal pronoun of the 3rd person, he.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הוּא

chald. • Page 178

idem. behold, as for as simply. So in Syr. Dan. 2:43.

הוּא

pronoun • Page 182

1. he, and as a neuter it. In the Pentateuch, used for both genders. 2. self, same, selfsame. Is. 7:14, Ps. 44:5. 3. serves as the substantive verb 'to be' (copula). Is. 43:25. Also used as 'thou (art) the same' in 2 Sam. 7:28.

הוּא

chald. pron. • Page 182

idem (the same). Dan. 2:21.

הוּא

chald. • Page 182

see הֲוָה.

הוּא

unknown • Page 217

see הָוָה.

Conjunction, Pronoun personal third person feminine singular

LXX: αὐτὸσ ἐστιν ἐκείνῃ οὗτοσ ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H1931:

αὐτὸσ 321× (16.5%)

ἐστιν 260× (13.7%)

ἐκείνῃ 197× (10.6%)

οὗτοσ 160× (8.4%)

--- 103× (5.6%)

ἐκείνῳ 67× (3.6%)

ἐστίν 54× (2.9%)

ἐστὶν 54× (2.7%)

'' 50× (2.3%)

τοῦτο 42× (2.2%)

מר מַר־

myrrh/bitter

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מר

mar

Definition

bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly

Root

or (feminine) מרה; from H4843 (מרר);

Exhaustive

or (feminine) מרה; from מרר; bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly; [phrase] angry, bitter(-ly, -ness), chafed, discontented, [idiom] great, heavy.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4751

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַר

adjective • Root מרר • Strongs / High • Page 901

1. Bitter, of taste. 2. Metaphorically: sorrowful, sad, embittered, of pain of soul, distress; desperate; terrible; violent; destructive; hostile.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מַר

noun masculine • Root מר • Page 403

I. a drop. Is. 40: 15.

מַר

fem. מָרָה / verb • Root מרר • Page 403

II. 1. bitter (Is. 5: 20). 2. afflictive, acerbus (Prov. 5: 4). 3. troubled, afflicted (1 Sam. 30: 6). 4. bitter, lamentable (Gen. 27: 34). 5. violent, cruel, acerbus (Hab. 1: 6).

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἐλεγμοῦ πικρὸν --- πικρὰ πικρότερον

LXX Usage Statistics

H4751:

ἐλεγμοῦ 6× (13.8%)

πικρὸν 5× (12.8%)

--- 3× (8.1%)

πικρὰ 3× (7.7%)

πικρότερον 2× (5.4%)

κατώδυνοσ 2× (5.4%)

πικρίᾳ 2× (4.6%)

'' 2× (4.6%)

להס לָהּ׃ס

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

her, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person feminine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person feminine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9034

Preposition, Suffix pronominal third person feminine singular

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
The ways of Zion mourn from none coming to the appointment: all her gates being desolated: her priests groaning, her virgins grieved, and it is bitterness to her.

LITV Translation:
The roads of Zion are in mourning without any going to the appointed feasts . All her gates are deserted; her priests sigh, her virgins are afflicted; and she is in bitterness.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
The ways of Zion mourn, Because there are none that come to the feast: All her gates are ruined: Her priests groan, Her virgins are led captive, And she is in bitterness in herself.