Chapter 3
Joel 3:4
| ื ืจืืฉ ืื | ืืื ืื | ืืฉืื | ืืชื | ืืืืื | ื ืื | ืขื ื | ืืฉืืืื | ืืชื | ื ืืืื | ืคืืฉืช | ืืืืืืช | ื ืื | ื ืฆืืืื | ืฆืจ | ื ื | ืืชื | ืื | ื ืื | ืงื | ืขื ื | ืืืจื |
| in the head of yourselves | the repayment of yourselves | I am causing to turn back | your/their eternal selves | camels | and if | upon/upon me/against myself | those who make complete/reciprocate | your/their eternal selves | the Reward/Repayment | Wallower | circuits | and every/all | and Inner Hunt | adversary | to myself | your/their eternal selves | what/why/how! | and also | swiftly/voice | upon/upon me/against myself | quickly |
9016 | None Definition: verseEnd Root: None Exhaustive: None 9026 | ืื None Definition: your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine plural Root: None Exhaustive: Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine plural 7218a | ืจืืฉ rรดสผsh Definition: the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.) Root: from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; Exhaustive: from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.); band, beginning, captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company, end, [idiom] every (man), excellent, first, forefront, (be-)head, height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), [idiom] lead, [idiom] poor, principal, ruler, sum, top. 9003 ื None Definition: in, by Root: None Exhaustive: in, at, against, on, among, with; according to, by, because of. prefix or inseparable preposition; combined with the definite article | 9026 | ืื None Definition: your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine plural Root: None Exhaustive: Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine plural 1576 ืืืื gแตmรปwl Definition: treatment, i.e. an act (of good or ill); by implication, service or requital Root: from H1580 (ืืื); Exhaustive: from ืืื; treatment, i.e. an act (of good or ill); by implication, service or requital; [phrase] as hast served, benefit, desert, deserving, that which he hath given, recompense, reward. | 7725 ืฉืื shรปwb Definition: to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again; ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) [idiom] again, (cause to) answer ([phrase] again), [idiom] in any case (wise), [idiom] at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, [idiom] certainly, come again (back), [idiom] consider, [phrase] continually, convert, deliver (again), [phrase] deny, draw back, fetch home again, [idiom] fro, get (oneself) (back) again, [idiom] give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, [idiom] needs, be past, [idiom] pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, [phrase] say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, [idiom] surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw. | 859d ืืชื สผattรขh Definition: thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you Root: or (shortened); ืืช; or ืืช; feminine (irregular) sometimes ืืชื; plural masculine ืืชื; feminine ืืชื; or ืืชื ืlemma ืืชื ื missing vowel, corrected to ืืชื ื; or ืืชื ื; a primitive pronoun of the second person; Exhaustive: or (shortened); ืืช; or ืืช; feminine (irregular) sometimes ืืชื; plural masculine ืืชื; feminine ืืชื; or ืืชื ืlemma ืืชื ื missing vowel, corrected to ืืชื ื; or ืืชื ื; a primitive pronoun of the second person; thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you; thee, thou, ye, you. | 1580 ืืื gรขmal Definition: to treat a person (well or ill), i.e. benefit or requite; by implication (of toil), to ripen, i.e. (specifically) to wean Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: a primitive root; to treat a person (well or ill), i.e. benefit or requite; by implication (of toil), to ripen, i.e. (specifically) to wean; bestow on, deal bountifully, do (good), recompense, requite, reward, ripen, [phrase] serve, mean, yield. | 9014 | ึพ None Definition: link Root: None Exhaustive: None 518a | ืื สผim Definition: used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not Root: a primitive particle; Exhaustive: a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not; (and, can-, doubtless, if, that) (not), [phrase] but, either, [phrase] except, [phrase] more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or, [phrase] save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, [phrase] surely (no more, none, not), though, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] unless, [phrase] verily, when, whereas, whether, while, [phrase] yet. 9002 ื None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (โand/butโ) | 9030 | ื ื None Definition: me, personal pronoun - verb/prep. suffix: 1st person common singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular 5921a ืขื สปal Definition: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications Root: properly, the same as H5920 (ืขื) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); Exhaustive: properly, the same as ืขื used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. | 7999a ืฉืื shรขlam Definition: to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate (in various applications) Root: a primitive root; Exhaustive: a primitive root; to be safe (in mind, body or estate); figuratively, to be (causatively, make) completed; by implication, to be friendly; by extension, to reciprocate (in various applications); make amends, (make an) end, finish, full, give again, make good, (re-) pay (again), (make) (to) (be at) peace(-able), that is perfect, perform, (make) prosper(-ous), recompense, render, requite, make restitution, restore, reward, [idiom] surely. | 859d ืืชื สผattรขh Definition: thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you Root: or (shortened); ืืช; or ืืช; feminine (irregular) sometimes ืืชื; plural masculine ืืชื; feminine ืืชื; or ืืชื ืlemma ืืชื ื missing vowel, corrected to ืืชื ื; or ืืชื ื; a primitive pronoun of the second person; Exhaustive: or (shortened); ืืช; or ืืช; feminine (irregular) sometimes ืืชื; plural masculine ืืชื; feminine ืืชื; or ืืชื ืlemma ืืชื ื missing vowel, corrected to ืืชื ื; or ืืชื ื; a primitive pronoun of the second person; thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you; thee, thou, ye, you. | 1576 | ืืืื gแตmรปwl Definition: treatment, i.e. an act (of good or ill); by implication, service or requital Root: from H1580 (ืืื); Exhaustive: from ืืื; treatment, i.e. an act (of good or ill); by implication, service or requital; [phrase] as hast served, benefit, desert, deserving, that which he hath given, recompense, reward. 9008 ื None Definition: ? (interrog.) Root: None Exhaustive: the / or (interrog. particle) | 6429 ืคืืฉืช Pแตlesheth Definition: Pelesheth, a region of Syria Root: from H6428 (ืคืืฉ); rolling, i.e. migratory; Exhaustive: from ืคืืฉ; rolling, i.e. migratory; Pelesheth, a region of Syria; Palestina, Palestine, Philistia, Philistines. | 1552 ืืืืื gแตlรฎylรขh Definition: a circuit or region Root: feminine of H1550 (ืืืื); Exhaustive: feminine of ืืืื; a circuit or region; border, coast, country. | 3605 | ืื kรดl Definition: properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense) Root: or (Jeremiah 33:8) ืืื; from H3634 (ืืื); Exhaustive: or (Jeremiah 33:8) ืืื; from ืืื; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever). 9002 ื None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (โand/butโ) | 6721 | ืฆืืืื Tsรฎydรดwn Definition: Tsidon, the name of a son of Canaan, and of a place in Palestine Root: or ืฆืืื; from H6679 (ืฆืื) in the sense of catching fish; fishery; Exhaustive: or ืฆืืื; from ืฆืื in the sense of catching fish; fishery; Tsidon, the name of a son of Canaan, and of a place in Palestine; Sidon, Zidon. 9002 ื None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (โand/butโ) | 6865 ืฆืจ Tsรดr Definition: Tsor, a place in Palestine Root: or ืฆืืจ; the same as H6864 (ืฆืจ); a rock; Exhaustive: or ืฆืืจ; the same as ืฆืจ; a rock; Tsor, a place in Palestine; Tyre, Tyrus. | 9030 | ื ื None Definition: me, personal pronoun - verb/prep. suffix: 1st person common singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular 9005 ื None Definition: to, for Root: None Exhaustive: None | 859d ืืชื สผattรขh Definition: thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you Root: or (shortened); ืืช; or ืืช; feminine (irregular) sometimes ืืชื; plural masculine ืืชื; feminine ืืชื; or ืืชื ืlemma ืืชื ื missing vowel, corrected to ืืชื ื; or ืืชื ื; a primitive pronoun of the second person; Exhaustive: or (shortened); ืืช; or ืืช; feminine (irregular) sometimes ืืชื; plural masculine ืืชื; feminine ืืชื; or ืืชื ืlemma ืืชื ื missing vowel, corrected to ืืชื ื; or ืืชื ื; a primitive pronoun of the second person; thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you; thee, thou, ye, you. | 9014 | ึพ None Definition: link Root: None Exhaustive: None 4100 ืื mรขh Definition: properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various adverbial or conjunctive senses Root: or ืื; or ื; or ื; also ืื; a primitive particle; Exhaustive: or ืื; or ื; or ื; also ืื; a primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various adverbial or conjunctive senses; how (long, oft, (-soever)), (no-) thing, what (end, good, purpose, thing), whereby(-fore, -in, -to, -with), (for) why. | 1571 | ืื gam Definition: properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and Root: by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather; Exhaustive: by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather; properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and; again, alike, also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and, but, either...or, even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover, nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea. 9002 ื None Definition: and Root: None Exhaustive: Conjunctive vav - i.e. followed by prefix, suffix or non-verb (conjunctive) (โand/butโ) | 7031 ืงื qal Definition: light; (by implication) rapid (also adverbial) Root: contracted from H7043 (ืงืื); Exhaustive: contracted from ืงืื; light; (by implication) rapid (also adverbial); light, swift(-ly). | 9030 | ื ื None Definition: me, personal pronoun - verb/prep. suffix: 1st person common singular Root: None Exhaustive: Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular 5921a ืขื สปal Definition: above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications Root: properly, the same as H5920 (ืขื) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); Exhaustive: properly, the same as ืขื used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with. | 4120 ืืืจื mแตhรชrรขh Definition: properly, a hurry; hence (adverbially) promptly Root: feminine of H4118 (ืืืจ); Exhaustive: feminine of ืืืจ; properly, a hurry; hence (adverbially) promptly; hastily, quickly, shortly, soon, make (with) speed(-ily), swiftly. |
RBT Translation:
and also what/why your eternal self to myself adversary and Inner Hunt and every/all circuits Wallower the Reward/Repayment your eternal self those who make complete/reciprocate upon/upon me/against myself and if camels your eternal self upon/upon me/against myself swiftly/voice quickly I am causing to turn back the repayment of yourselves in the head of yourselves
RBT Paraphrase:
Split Hoofs
And indeed, what is your eternal self to myself Adversary and Inner Hunt ("Tyre and Tsidon")? And all the circuits of Wallower, your eternal selves are those who reciprocate the Reward against myself!2 And if your eternal selves are camels against myself,3 swiftly, quickly, I am turning back around the reward of yourselves into the head of yourselves!Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And also what are ye to me, O Tyre and Sidon, and all the circuits of Philistia? do ye requite to me a recompense? and if ye recompense to me, swiftly and speedily I will turn back your recompense upon your head;
And also what are ye to me, O Tyre and Sidon, and all the circuits of Philistia? do ye requite to me a recompense? and if ye recompense to me, swiftly and speedily I will turn back your recompense upon your head;
LITV Translation:
And also, what are you to Me, Tyre and Sidon, and all the regions of Philistia? Are you restoring repayment to Me? And if you are repaying Me, I will turn your reward on your own head, swiftly, speedily,
And also, what are you to Me, Tyre and Sidon, and all the regions of Philistia? Are you restoring repayment to Me? And if you are repaying Me, I will turn your reward on your own head, swiftly, speedily,
Brenton Septuagint Translation:
The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the Lord come.
The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the Lord come.
Footnotes
| Joe. 3:4 | The Hebrew participle ืืฉืืืื derives from the root ืฉืื (šโlโm), which fundamentally conveys the sense of wholeness, completeness, or restoration. In the Piel stem, the verb ืฉืื (šillฤm) assumes an intensive or causative nuance, typically rendered as to repay, to recompense, or to requite. The participial form ืืฉืืืื thus denotes those who repay or those who render compensation. Given the root meaning and broader semantic range of ืฉืื, a more literal and etymologically sensitive rendering would be those making whole, which in a reciprocal context would be understood as those reciprocating—i.e., returning a deed in kind, whether as retribution or restitution. Two reciprocating the same thing creates "a whole." This interpretation aligns with the use of the term in prophetic and juridical contexts in Biblical Hebrew (cf. Joel 4:4 [MT]; Proverbs 11:31). |
| Joe. 3:4 | The form ืืืืื is not a Qal participle, as was classified by some (verb, Qal participle, active, masculine plural, absolute). Rather, it is a masculine plural noun meaning “camels”, derived from the singular ืืื. The Qal active participle of the root ืึพืึพื (“to deal with,” “to repay,” “to wean”) is ืืืื in the masculine singular and ืืืืืื in the masculine plural. The participial form follows the morphological pattern qลแนญษl/qลแนญษlฤซm, not the gษCฤlฤซm structure found in ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื. Therefore, the word ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื functions solely as a common noun in Biblical Hebrew, and not as a verbal participle.
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