Chapter 1
Isaiah 1:4
הוי׀
הוֹי׀
woe/alas
9015
| ׀
None
Definition: separate
Root: None
Exhaustive: None
None
Definition: separate
Root: None
Exhaustive: None
1945
הוי
hôwy
Definition: oh!
Root: a prolonged form of H1930 (הו) (akin to H188 (אוי));
Exhaustive: a prolonged form of הו (akin to אוי); oh!; ah, alas, ho, O, woe.
hôwy
Definition: oh!
Root: a prolonged form of H1930 (הו) (akin to H188 (אוי));
Exhaustive: a prolonged form of הו (akin to אוי); oh!; ah, alas, ho, O, woe.
Particle interjection
גוי
גּוֹי
a nation
1471a
גוי
gôwy
Definition: a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
Root: rarely (shortened) גי; apparently from the same root as H1465 (גוה) (in the sense of massing);
Exhaustive: rarely (shortened) גי; apparently from the same root as גוה (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts; Gentile, heathen, nation, people.
gôwy
Definition: a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
Root: rarely (shortened) גי; apparently from the same root as H1465 (גוה) (in the sense of massing);
Exhaustive: rarely (shortened) גי; apparently from the same root as גוה (in the sense of massing); a foreign nation; hence, a Gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts; Gentile, heathen, nation, people.
Noun common both singular absolute
חטא
חֹטֵ֗א
he has missed/a miss
2398
חטא
châṭâʼ
Definition: properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn; bear the blame, cleanse, commit (sin), by fault, harm he hath done, loss, miss, (make) offend(-er), offer for sin, purge, purify (self), make reconciliation, (cause, make) sin(-ful, -ness), trespass.
châṭâʼ
Definition: properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn; bear the blame, cleanse, commit (sin), by fault, harm he hath done, loss, miss, (make) offend(-er), offer for sin, purge, purify (self), make reconciliation, (cause, make) sin(-ful, -ness), trespass.
Verb Qal participle active masculine singular absolute
עם
עַ֚ם
together with/a people
5971a
עם
ʻam
Definition: a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
Root: from H6004 (עמם);
Exhaustive: from עמם; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock; folk, men, nation, people.
ʻam
Definition: a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
Root: from H6004 (עמם);
Exhaustive: from עמם; a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock; folk, men, nation, people.
Noun common both singular construct
כבד
כֶּבֶד
make heavy/honor
3515
כבד
kâbêd
Definition: heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid)
Root: from H3513 (כבד);
Exhaustive: from כבד; heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid); (so) great, grievous, hard(-ened), (too) heavy(-ier), laden, much, slow, sore, thick.
kâbêd
Definition: heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid)
Root: from H3513 (כבד);
Exhaustive: from כבד; heavy; figuratively in a good sense (numerous) or in a bad sense (severe, difficult, stupid); (so) great, grievous, hard(-ened), (too) heavy(-ier), laden, much, slow, sore, thick.
Adjective adjective both singular construct
עון
עָוֹן
bent over one
5771
עון
ʻâvôn
Definition: perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
Root: or עוון; (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (H7 (אבד))), from H5753 (עוה);
Exhaustive: or עוון; (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (אבד)), from עוה; perversity, i.e. (moral) evil; fault, iniquity, mischeif, punishment (of iniquity), sin.
ʻâvôn
Definition: perversity, i.e. (moral) evil
Root: or עוון; (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (H7 (אבד))), from H5753 (עוה);
Exhaustive: or עוון; (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (אבד)), from עוה; perversity, i.e. (moral) evil; fault, iniquity, mischeif, punishment (of iniquity), sin.
Noun common both singular absolute
זרע
זֶרַע
a seed
2233
זרע
zeraʻ
Definition: seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
Root: from H2232 (זרע);
Exhaustive: from זרע; seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity; [idiom] carnally, child, fruitful, seed(-time), sowing-time.
zeraʻ
Definition: seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
Root: from H2232 (זרע);
Exhaustive: from זרע; seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity; [idiom] carnally, child, fruitful, seed(-time), sowing-time.
Noun common both singular absolute
מרעים
מְרֵעִים
those who break to pieces
7489a
רעע
râʻaʻ
Definition: properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good fornothing, i.e. bad (physically, socially or morally)
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good fornothing, i.e. bad (physically, socially or morally); afflict, associate selves (by mistake for רעה), break (down, in pieces), [phrase] displease, (be, bring, do) evil (doer, entreat, man), show self friendly (by mistake for רעה), do harm, (do) hurt, (behave self, deal) ill, [idiom] indeed, do mischief, punish, still, vex, (do) wicked (doer, -ly), be (deal, do) worse.
râʻaʻ
Definition: properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good fornothing, i.e. bad (physically, socially or morally)
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good fornothing, i.e. bad (physically, socially or morally); afflict, associate selves (by mistake for רעה), break (down, in pieces), [phrase] displease, (be, bring, do) evil (doer, entreat, man), show self friendly (by mistake for רעה), do harm, (do) hurt, (behave self, deal) ill, [idiom] indeed, do mischief, punish, still, vex, (do) wicked (doer, -ly), be (deal, do) worse.
Verb Hiphil participle active masculine plural absolute
בנים
בָּנים
builders/sons
1121a
בן
bên
Definition: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
Root: from H1129 (בנה);
Exhaustive: from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
bên
Definition: a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
Root: from H1129 (בנה);
Exhaustive: from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.
Noun common masculine plural absolute
משחיתים
מַשְׁחִיתים
those who corrupt
7843
שחת
shâchath
Definition: to decay, i.e. (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; to decay, i.e. (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively); batter, cast off, corrupt(-er, thing), destroy(-er, -uction), lose, mar, perish, spill, spoiler, [idiom] utterly, waste(-r).
shâchath
Definition: to decay, i.e. (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively)
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; to decay, i.e. (causatively) ruin (literally or figuratively); batter, cast off, corrupt(-er, thing), destroy(-er, -uction), lose, mar, perish, spill, spoiler, [idiom] utterly, waste(-r).
Verb Hiphil participle active masculine plural absolute
עזבו
עָזְבוּ
have foresaken
5800a
עזב
ʻâzab
Definition: to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.; commit self, fail, forsake, fortify, help, leave (destitute, off), refuse, [idiom] surely.
ʻâzab
Definition: to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; to loosen, i.e. relinquish, permit, etc.; commit self, fail, forsake, fortify, help, leave (destitute, off), refuse, [idiom] surely.
Verb Qal perfect third person common plural
את
אֶת־
את-self eternal
855
| את
ʼêth
Definition: a hoe or other digging implement
Root: of uncertain derivation;
Exhaustive: of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.
ʼêth
Definition: a hoe or other digging implement
Root: of uncertain derivation;
Exhaustive: of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.
853
את
ʼêth
Definition: properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
Root: apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;
Exhaustive: apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).
ʼêth
Definition: properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
Root: apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;
Exhaustive: apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).
Direct object eternal self
יהוה
יְהוָ֗ה
He Is
3068
יהוה
Yᵉhôvâh
Definition: Jehovah, Jewish national name of God
Root: from H1961 (היה); (the) self-Existent or Eternal;
Exhaustive: from היה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יה, יהוה.
Yᵉhôvâh
Definition: Jehovah, Jewish national name of God
Root: from H1961 (היה); (the) self-Existent or Eternal;
Exhaustive: from היה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יה, יהוה.
Noun proper name
נאצו
נִאֲצוּ
they have scorned
5006
נאץ
nâʼats
Definition: to scorn;
Root: a primitive root; in Ecclesiastes 12:5, by interchange for H5132 (נוץ), to bloom
Exhaustive: a primitive root; in Ecclesiastes 12:5, by interchange for נוץ, to bloom; to scorn; abhor, (give occasion to) blaspheme, contemn, despise, flourish, [idiom] great, provoke.
nâʼats
Definition: to scorn;
Root: a primitive root; in Ecclesiastes 12:5, by interchange for H5132 (נוץ), to bloom
Exhaustive: a primitive root; in Ecclesiastes 12:5, by interchange for נוץ, to bloom; to scorn; abhor, (give occasion to) blaspheme, contemn, despise, flourish, [idiom] great, provoke.
Verb Piel perfect third person common plural
את
אֶת־
את-self eternal
855
| את
ʼêth
Definition: a hoe or other digging implement
Root: of uncertain derivation;
Exhaustive: of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.
ʼêth
Definition: a hoe or other digging implement
Root: of uncertain derivation;
Exhaustive: of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.
853
את
ʼêth
Definition: properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
Root: apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;
Exhaustive: apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).
ʼêth
Definition: properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
Root: apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;
Exhaustive: apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).
Direct object eternal self
קדוש
קְדוֹשׁ
holy one
6918
קדוש
qâdôwsh
Definition: sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
Root: or קדש; from H6942 (קדש);
Exhaustive: or קדש; from קדש; sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary; holy (One), saint.
qâdôwsh
Definition: sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
Root: or קדש; from H6942 (קדש);
Exhaustive: or קדש; from קדש; sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary; holy (One), saint.
Adjective adjective both singular construct
ישראל
יִשְׂרָאֵל
God-Contends
3478
ישראל
Yisrâʼêl
Definition: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
Root: from H8280 (שרה) and H410 (אל); he will rule as God;
Exhaustive: from שרה and אל; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity; Israel.
Yisrâʼêl
Definition: Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
Root: from H8280 (שרה) and H410 (אל); he will rule as God;
Exhaustive: from שרה and אל; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity; Israel.
Noun proper name
נזרו
נָזֹרוּ
they have turned away
2114a
זור
zûwr
Definition: to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be aforeigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be aforeigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery; (come from) another (man, place), fanner, go away, (e-) strange(-r, thing, woman).
zûwr
Definition: to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be aforeigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery
Root: a primitive root;
Exhaustive: a primitive root; to turn aside (especially for lodging); hence to be aforeigner, strange, profane; specifically (active participle) to commit adultery; (come from) another (man, place), fanner, go away, (e-) strange(-r, thing, woman).
Verb Niphal perfect third person common plural
אחור
אָחוֹר׃
the backside
9016
None
Definition: verseEnd
Root: None
Exhaustive: None
| None
Definition: verseEnd
Root: None
Exhaustive: None
268
אחור
ʼâchôwr
Definition: the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the West
Root: or (shortened) אחר ; from H299 (אחירע);
Exhaustive: or (shortened) אחר ; from אחירע; the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the West; after(-ward), back (part, -side, -ward), hereafter, (be-) hind(-er part), time to come, without.
ʼâchôwr
Definition: the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the West
Root: or (shortened) אחר ; from H299 (אחירע);
Exhaustive: or (shortened) אחר ; from אחירע; the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the West; after(-ward), back (part, -side, -ward), hereafter, (be-) hind(-er part), time to come, without.
Noun common both singular absolute
RBT Translation:
woe/alas nation he has missed Gathered People make heavy/honor amiss one a seed those who break to pieces builders/sons those who corrupt have foresaken את-self eternal He Is they have scorned את-self eternal holy one God is Straight they have turned away the backside
RBT Paraphrase:
A Body Broke to Pieces
Woe! A nation has missed! A People has honored crookedness! A seed of those who break to pieces, sons of those who corrupt have forsaken the self eternal He Is, they have scorned the self eternal holy one of God Contends; they have turned the back away!Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Wo! sinful nation, a people heavy with sin, a seed doing evil, sons acting wickedly; they forsook Jehovah; they despised the holy one of Israel; they separated themselves backward.
Wo! sinful nation, a people heavy with sin, a seed doing evil, sons acting wickedly; they forsook Jehovah; they despised the holy one of Israel; they separated themselves backward.
LITV Translation:
Woe, sinful nation, a people heavy with iniquity, a seed of evildoers, sons who corrupt! They have forsaken Jehovah; they have scorned the Holy One of Israel. They are estranged backward.
Woe, sinful nation, a people heavy with iniquity, a seed of evildoers, sons who corrupt! They have forsaken Jehovah; they have scorned the Holy One of Israel. They are estranged backward.
Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Ah sinful nation, a people full of sins, an evil seed, lawless children: ye have forsaken the Lord, and provoked the Holy One of Israel.
Ah sinful nation, a people full of sins, an evil seed, lawless children: ye have forsaken the Lord, and provoked the Holy One of Israel.