Numbers 3:19

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ובני וּבְנֵי

and sons

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Conjunction, Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

קהת קְהָת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

קהת

Qᵉhâth

Definition

Kehath, an Israelite

Root

from an unused root meaning to ally oneself; allied;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to ally oneself; allied; Kehath, an Israelite; Kohath.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6955

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קְהָת

noun proper • Root קהת • Strongs / High • Page 1264

Assembly, gathering or church. Proper name of a Levitical leading family.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: κααθ κααθι

LXX Usage Statistics

H6955:

κααθ 32× (68.7%)

κααθ 12× (23.9%)

κααθι 2× (3.7%)

למשפחתם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

משפחה

mishpâchâh

Definition

a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people

Root

from H8192 (שפה) (compare H8198 (שפחה));

Exhaustive

from שפה (compare שפחה); a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people; family, kind(-red).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4940

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שֶׁפַח

concept / noun • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1469

shed, blood; figuratively to break out, of pustules, leprosy.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

שָׁפַח

verb • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1468

(Not used) intransitive. To be attached, to associate, of the members of a family and domestics; to be related.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

שִׁפַּח

verb piel • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1469

To make break out, i. e. to cover with leprosy; perhaps to make empty.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִשְׁפָּחָה

noun feminine • Root שפח • Page 416

1. a kind, species, of animals. Gen. 8: 19. 2. a tribe. Gen. 10: 18. 3. a subdivision of a tribe, a family. Ex. 6: 14.

Preposition, Noun common feminine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: δῆμοσ δήμουσ δῆμοι --- δήμου

LXX Usage Statistics

H4940:

δῆμοσ 75× (27.0%)

δήμουσ 66× (20.5%)

δῆμοι 16× (5.8%)

--- 14× (5.1%)

δήμου 14× (4.2%)

φυλῆσ 10× (2.8%)

φυλὴ 9× (2.9%)

συγγενείασ 9× (2.6%)

πατριαὶ 7× (2.3%)

φυλαὶ 6× (1.8%)

עמרם עַמְרָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עמרם

ʻAmrâm

Definition

Amram, the name of two Israelites

Root

probably from H5971 (עם) and H7311 (רום); high people;

Exhaustive

probably from עם and רום; high people; Amram, the name of two Israelites; Amram.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6019

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַמְרָם

noun proper masculine • Root עם רם עמר • Strongs / High • Page 1109

(either from עִם and רָם, meaning God is the Elevated, or from עָמַר II. with formative syllable ם - Ruler, Compeller) Proper name of a man (Amram).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: αμβραμ αμραμ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6019:

αμβραμ 9× (59.0%)

αμραμ 4× (24.3%)

ויצהר וְיִצְהָר

and glistening oil

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יצהר

Yitshâr

Definition

Jitshar, an Israelite

Root

the same as H3323 (יצהר);

Exhaustive

the same as יצהר; Jitshar, an Israelite; Izhar.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3324

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יִצְהָר

noun / masculine • Root צהר • Strongs / High • Page 634

1. what shines or gives light, hence oil. 2. (A Shining one, viz. Jah is) a proper name of a Levite who became head of a family.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יִצְהָר

noun m. • Root צהר • Page 293

m. oil. Deut. 7: 13. Zech. 4: 14. Root literally to shine.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ισσααρ ισσαρι

LXX Usage Statistics

H3324:

ισσααρ 9× (72.1%)

ισσαρι 2× (13.3%)

חברון חֶבְרוֹן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חברון

Chebrôwn

Definition

Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites

Root

from H2267 (חבר); seat of association;

Exhaustive

from חבר; seat of association; Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites; Hebron.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2275

אסם

ʼâçâm

Definition

a storehouse (only in the plural)

Root

from an unused root meaning to heap together;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to heap together; a storehouse (only in the plural); barn, storehouse.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H618

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֶבְרוֹן

noun proper / noun proper masculine • Root חבר • Strongs / High • Page 455

1. A proper name of a very old Phenician city. 2. As a masculine proper name, meaning association or union, in the tribe of Levi and Judah.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חֶבְרוֹן

proper name • Root חבר • Page 213

Proper name of an ancient city in the tribe of Judah. (Gen. 13:18; 14:13; 23:2; 2 Sam. 2:1; 5:5).

אָסָם

noun masculine • Root סום שום • Page 62

storehouse, granary, perhaps a subterranean one. Deut. 28: 8. Prov. 3: 10.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: χεβρων χεβρωνι pεἰσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2275b:

χεβρων 67× (89.5%)

χεβρωνι 4× (5.0%)

pεἰσ 2× (3.0%)

Hebron_§Hebron@Exo.6.18:

No stats available

ועזיאל וְעֻזִּיאֵל׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עזיאל

ʻUzzîyʼêl

Definition

Uzziel, the name of six Israelites

Root

from H5797 (עז) and H410 (אל); strength of God;

Exhaustive

from עז and אל; strength of God; Uzziel, the name of six Israelites; Uzziel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5816

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֻזִּיאֵל

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1075

(El is Might) Proper name masculine.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: οζιηλ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5816:

οζιηλ 13× (78.1%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And the sons of Kohath, according to their families: Amram, and Izebar, Hebron, and Uzziel.

LITV Translation:
And the sons of Kohath, by their families: Amram, and Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
and the sons of Kohath according to their families; Amram and Izhar, Hebron and Uzziel: