Nehemiah 12:9

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ובקבקיה וּבַקְבֻּקְיָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בקבקיה

Baqbuqyâh

Definition

Bakbukjah, an Israelite

Root

from H1228 (בקבק)xlit baqbûk corrected to baqbuq and H3050 (יה); emptying (i.e. wasting) of Jah;

Exhaustive

xlit Baqbukyâh corrected to Baqbuqyâh; from בקבקxlit baqbûk corrected to baqbuq and יה; emptying (i.e. wasting) of Jah; Bakbukjah, an Israelite; Bakbukiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1229

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בַּקְבֻּקְיָה

noun proper masculine • Root בוק • Strongs / High • Page 270

Speech of Jah (proper name).

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H1229:

'' 3× (100.0%)

וענו וְעֻנּוֹ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עני

ʻUnnîy

Definition

Unni, the name of two Israelites

Root

from H6031 (ענה); afflicted;

Exhaustive

from ענה; afflicted; Unni, the name of two Israelites; Unni.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6042

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֳנִי

noun masculine • Root ענה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1113

Oppression, affliction, misery, servitude, bondage, suffering, misfortune, poverty (i. e. poor bread, עֲנִי לֶחֶם Deut. 16, 3; = עֲנִיִּים the wretched). (In pause עֳנִי, with suff. עָנְיִי).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָנִי

prop. part. pass. m. • Root ענה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1112

An oppressed, suffering, wretched one; a pious, patient one; a humble one (all various significations of the verb).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָנִי

adjective • Root ענה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1113

Poor, wretched, afflicted, humble, depressed (in pause עָנִי, with suff. עָנִיּוֹ, עָנִיֵּינוּ, עָנִיִּים, עָנִיּוֹת). A peaceful, meek, patient one; an oppressed one; a banished one; a disquieted one; a pious, innocent one. Generally used in all the various meanings of the verb.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ωνι

LXX Usage Statistics

H6042:

ωνι 2× (68.5%)

אחיהם אֲחֵיהֶם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אח

ʼâch

Definition

a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance (like father))

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance (like father)); another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other. Compare also the proper names beginning with 'Ah-' or 'Ahi-'.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H251

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָח

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 93

Brother; a word of relationship used in various ways: 1. friend, companion. 2. kinsman, fellow-countryman, person of same family or race. 3. ally, confederate. 4. neighbour, fellow man. 5. Used in phrases expressing 'the one... the other' (any one, other).

אָח

noun masculine • Root אחה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 94

Brother; 'fellow' or 'other' in poetical and figurative discourse, applied to persons, animals, and inanimate things. Used frequently in compound proper names, often as an epithet of deity (friend/protector). Usage in Ez. 18:10 is discussed as a possible textual variant for 'one' or 'man'.

אָח

noun feminine • Root אחה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 95

Properly fire, then chafing-dish; heats winter chambers.

אָח

noun masculine • Root אחו • Strongs_Numbers • Page 95

Meadow; to bear fruit between meadows.

אָח

interjection • Strongs_Numbers • Page 95

An exclamation of grief: ah! alas! woe!

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָח

m. prim. irreg. • Page 37

1. brother; freq. 2. cousin, kinsman of any degree. 3. one belonging to the same tribe. 4. fellow countryman. 5. confederated, bound together by a league. 6. friend, companion. 7. neighbour, fellowman. 8. applied metaphorically to persons and things which have resemblance.

אָח

interj. of lament. • Page 37

Ah! alas! construed with the dative.

אָח

noun feminine • Page 37

firepan, such as is employed in the east for warming chambers. (comp. Arab. ardeo)

אָח

chald. n.m. • Page 37

brother, as in Hebrew.

Noun common masculine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0251:

No stats available

לנגדם לְנֶגְדָּם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

נגד

neged

Definition

a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before

Root

from H5046 (נגד);

Exhaustive

from נגד; a front, i.e. part opposite; specifically a counterpart, or mate; usually (adverbial, especially with preposition) over against or before; about, (over) against, [idiom] aloof, [idiom] far (off), [idiom] from, over, presence, [idiom] other side, sight, [idiom] to view.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5048

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נֶגֶד

noun / masculine / preposition • Root נגד • Strongs / High • Page 941

The front, the visible part. Used as a preposition: before, in the presence of, in front of, opposite to, over against. Can be used for 'straight on' or 'directly forward'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נֶגֶד

substantive / adv. • Page 425

What is before or in front. As an adverb: (1.) over against (2 K. 2:7, 15), (2.) against (2 Sam. 18:13). As a preposition: (1.) before, coram (Job 4:16; Ex. 34:10), (2.) over against (Ex. 19:2), (3.) against (1 K. 21:10), (4.) near, in the neighborhood of (1 Chr. 8:32).

Preposition, Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: ἐναντίον ἐναντίασ ἀπέναντι ἐνώπιον κατέναντι

LXX Usage Statistics

H5048:

ἐναντίον 27× (17.6%)

ἐναντίασ 20× (11.2%)

ἀπέναντι 18× (11.8%)

ἐνώπιον 16× (10.1%)

κατέναντι 15× (9.8%)

ἐνώπιόν 8× (5.2%)

'' 5× (2.8%)

κατεναντίον 4× (2.6%)

ἔναντι 3× (2.0%)

τρόπον 2× (1.0%)

למשמרות לְמִשְׁמָרוֹת׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

משמרת

mishmereth

Definition

watch, i.e. the act (custody), or (concretely) the sentry, the post; objectively preservation, or (concretely) safe; figuratively observance, i.e. (abstractly) duty or (objectively) a usage or party

Root

feminine of H4929 (משמר);

Exhaustive

feminine of משמר; watch, i.e. the act (custody), or (concretely) the sentry, the post; objectively preservation, or (concretely) safe; figuratively observance, i.e. (abstractly) duty or (objectively) a usage or party; charge, keep, or to be kept, office, ordinace, safeguard, ward, watch.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4931

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִשְׁמֶ֫רֶת

noun feminine • Root שמר • Consonantal / Medium • Page 922

1. the place where a watch is kept, a watch-post; service; 2. a keeping, an object of preservation, what is protected, a law, a command, an usage; 3. the keeping to one, fidelity, faithful service.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִשְׁמֶרֶת

fem. of the preceding • Root שמר • Page 415

1. a watch or watching. 2 K. 11:5, 6. 2. the place where one keeps watch. Is. 21:8. 3. a keeping or preserving. Ex. 12:6. 4. what is observed, a law, command, usage. Gen. 26:5. Lev. 18:30. 5. the care or management of a business. Num. 4:27, 31. 6. the adherence to any one. 1 Chr. 12:29.

Preposition, Noun common feminine plural absolute

LXX: φυλακὰσ φυλακὴν διατήρησιν φυλάγματα φυλακὴ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4931:

φυλακὰσ 26× (32.4%)

φυλακὴν 10× (12.9%)

διατήρησιν 5× (6.4%)

φυλάγματα 4× (5.1%)

φυλακὴ 4× (4.4%)

φυλακάσ 3× (4.0%)

φυλακῆσ 3× (4.0%)

προστάγματά 3× (3.8%)

--- 2× (3.0%)

ἐφημερίασ 2× (2.5%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And Bakbukiah and Unni their brethren, over against them in the watches.

LITV Translation:
And Bakbukiah and Unni, their brothers, were next to them in the watches.