Matthew 2:2

Strong's Greek #792 ἀστέρα, estera. a star. 

Parallels אסתר the pronunciation almost exactly. See Strongs Hebrew #635, ester. Esther, (Persian stâra, star).

“the King who was brought forth of the Judeans” (ὁ βασιλεὺς ὁ τεχθεὶς τῶν Ἰουδαίων) is a grammatically valid and meaningful formulation in Greek, and obviously with a distinct nuance from the canonical renderings of ὁ τεχθεὶς βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων. With a nominative "king" stuck right between "born" and "the Judeans/Jews" and the flexible word ordering of Greek, which way should it be interpreted?

The Genitive case here would most naturally be interpreted as a Genitive of Separation (e.g., from the Judeans) or a Partitive Genitive (e.g., one of the Judeans). The verb τίκτω literally means "to bring forth into the world, engender" and usually takes a $\text{genitive}$ or the preposition $\epsilon \kappa$ ($\text{ek}$ + genitive) to denote the parent (the source of birth). One wouldn't expect a group or nation to engender a child, and thus the idea overlooked. But then, that is wholly dependent on contextual interpretation and moreover the word τίκτω is used in such metaphorical sense:

In Greek literature, τίκτω (and its related forms) is used not only for physical birth but also to describe generation, production, and causation in abstract, moral, cosmic, and literary contexts. Have a look at these examples:

1. Producing social or natural phenomena

1. λέγω τὴν χώρην λιμὸν τέξεσθαι (Hdt. 7.49)

   • “I say that the land produces famine.”

   • Here τίκτει is used metaphorically: the land is mother to famine, producing it as an effect of scarcity or mismanagement.

   • Sense: environment or conditions generating outcomes.

2. ἐπειχθῆναι πρῆγμα τίκτει σφάλματα (Hdt. 10.ζ)

   • “When a matter is handled harshly, it gives birth to mistakes.”

   • Metaphorical causation: human actions produce consequences, conceptualized as offspring.

   • Sense: agency or effect as generative.

2. Moral and ethical generation

1. τὸ γὰρ δυσσεβὲς ἔργον … τίκτει (Aeschylus, Ag. 759; cf. 763, Ch. 805)

   • “An impious deed brings forth (generates) consequences.”

   • τίκτει here expresses moral causality: an immoral act begets further evil.

   • Abstract “birth” of consequences, reinforcing the causal imagery of τίκτω.

2. ἡ ἐπιθυμία … τίκτει ἁμαρτίαν (Ep. Jac. 1.15)

   • “Desire engenders sin.”

   • Metaphorically, psychological states produce moral outcomes.

3. μὴ θράσος τέκῃ φόβον (Aeschylus, Supp. 498)

   • “May boldness not give birth to fear.”

   • Expresses a proverbial or conditional causation, still using birth imagery.

3. Cosmic and natural generation

1. τῆς … τεκούσης φῶς τόδʼ εὐφρόνης (Id. Ag. 279)

   • “Of her, bringing forth light, fair-minded.”

   • Often applied to deities or cosmic principles, like Night as a “mother” producing Day or Sun.

   • Personification: natural entities generate physical or temporal phenomena.

2. ὃν αἰόλα νὺξ … τίκτει … Ἅλιον αἰτῶ (S. Tr. 95)

   • “Whom swift Night gives birth to, the Sun.”

   • Cosmogony: night generates the day; again τίκτει = metaphorical birth, not biological.

3. τ. [νόμους] (Id. OT 870)

   • “Brings forth laws” — metaphorical generation of institutions.

4. Literary and artistic generation

1. τ. ἀοιδάς (Eur. HF 767)

   • “Generates songs” — creative production.

2. τ. ῥήματα (Ar. Ra. 1059)

   • “Produces words” — speech or literary composition framed as offspring.

3. πολλοὺς καὶ καλοὺς λόγους (Pl. Smp. 210d)

   • “Generates many fine speeches” — rhetorical or intellectual creation as metaphorical birth.

5. Abstract or material causation

1. ὕδωρ δὲ πίνων οὐδὲν ἂν τέκοι σοφόν (Cratinus, 199)

   • “Drinking water would give birth to nothing wise.”

   • τίκω indicates potential generation: consuming something does not generate wisdom.

2. τῷδε κέρδει … κέρδος ἄλλο τίκτεται (A. Th. 437, pass.)

   • “From this gain, another gain is born.”

   • Passive, impersonal, abstract: τίκτει expresses succession or derivation, the “birth” of one outcome from another.

(See LSJ under the word τίκτω IV)