Lamentations 4:9

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

טובים טוֹבִים

good ones

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

טוב

ṭôwb

Definition

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a good man or woman; the good, goods or good things, good men or women), also as an adverb (well)

Root

from H2895 (טוב);

Exhaustive

from טוב; good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a good man or woman; the good, goods or good things, good men or women), also as an adverb (well); beautiful, best, better, bountiful, cheerful, at ease, [idiom] fair (word), (be in) favour, fine, glad, good (deed, -lier, -liest, -ly, -ness, -s), graciously, joyful, kindly, kindness, liketh (best), loving, merry, [idiom] most, pleasant, [phrase] pleaseth, pleasure, precious, prosperity, ready, sweet, wealth, welfare, (be) well(-favoured).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2896

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

טוֹב

verb • Root טוב • Strongs / High • Page 554

A half-passive formation. To shine, glitter. Metaphorically: (a) aspect: to be beautiful, lovely; (b) taste: to be agreeable; (c) smell: to be fragrant; (d) mind: to be cheerful, joyful; (e) state: to be well, in health, to thrive.

טוֹב

verb • Root טוב • Strongs / High • Page 555

To do well, to do good; to show goodness, benevolence. In its causative form (Hiphil), it means to make beautiful, to adorn, to amend, to cheer, to provide, to rejoice, to prepare, or to do good to.

טוֹב

adjective • Root טוב • Strongs / High • Page 555

Good. 1. Suiting and agreeable to the senses; beautiful, fragrant, well-tasted. 2. Good in internal quality; valuable, fruitful, healthy, solid, principal, able, select, eloquent. 3. Good with regard to usefulness; salutary, suitable, beneficent, profitable. 4. Good with respect to extent; rich, copious. 5. In a metaphorical sense; joyful, cheerful, festive, prosperous, happy. Also used as a substantive (טוּב) meaning comfortableness, convenience, ease, pleasure.

טוֹב

adjective • Strongs / High • Page 556

In an ethical sense: honest, of good morals, good-intentioned, kind, benevolent, gracious, friendly, liberal, mitigating, right, true, righteous, pious, good.

טוֹב

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 556

1. pleasantness, delight, prosperity, comfort, peace, beneficence, good, fortune's goods, riches, reputation, might, a prosperous condition. 2. in an ethical sense: the good, the right. 3. as an adverb: well. 4. as a proper name of a fruitful district of land in Syria.

טוֹב

adjective • Root טוב • Strongs / High • Page 755

good

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

טוֹב

verb • Root יטב • Page 260

1. To be good; personally 'it goes well with me' (Deut. 5:30); 'it pleases me' (Num. 24:1). 2. To be fair, lovely (Num. 24:5; Cant. 4:10). 3. To be serene, joyful, spoken of the heart (1 Sam. 25:36; 2 Sam. 13:28; Est. 1:10). Hiph. הֵטִיב: to do well (1 K. 8:18).

טוֹב

verb • Root טוב • Page 261

1. good (Ecc. 8:12, 13, Deut. 6:24, Jer. 32:39); 2. fair, beautiful (Ex. 2:2, Gen. 6:2); 3. pleasant, lovely (Cant. 1:2, 4); 4. happy, prosperous (Jer. 44:17, Ps. 112:5); 5. great (Ps. 69:17); 6. joyful (Est. 8:3, 1 K. 8:66); 7. having a compassionate eye, merciful (Prov. 22:9).

טוֹב

proper name • Page 261

Proper name of a country beyond Jordan. (Jud. 11:3, 2 Sam. 10:6). Probably the same with Twbios 1 Mac. 5:13.

Adjective adjective masculine plural absolute

LXX: ἀγαθὸν ἀγαθόν καλὸν ἀγαθά ἀγαθὰ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2896a:

ἀγαθὸν 46× (7.6%)

ἀγαθόν 31× (5.3%)

καλὸν 30× (5.1%)

ἀγαθά 28× (4.7%)

ἀγαθὰ 28× (4.6%)

ἀγαθον 26× (4.6%)

καλόν 18× (3.2%)

ἀγαθὸσ 17× (3.0%)

ἀγαθοῖσ 17× (2.6%)

ἀγαθῶν 16× (2.7%)

היו הָיוּ

they have become

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

היה

hâyâh

Definition

to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

Root

a primitive root (compare H1933 (הוא));

Exhaustive

a primitive root (compare הוא); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary); beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1961

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 397

To be, to exist, to live, to become. A substantive verb used to unite a subject and predicate. It can also mean to happen, to arise, or to belong to. Used in a wide variety of grammatical constructions.

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 591

To be, to become, to exist. The common Hebrew verb for 'to be', considered the root of the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הַיָּה

noun feminine • Page 185

Keri הַוָּה suffering, calamity. Job 6: 2; 30: 13.

הָיָה

verb • Page 184

1. To be (Ex. 20:3, Num. 10:31, etc.); 2. to become (Ex. 4:4, Hos. 3:3, etc.); 3. to happen (Is. 19:15).

Verb Qal perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἔσται ἐγένετο ἦν ἐγενήθη ἔσονται

LXX Usage Statistics

H1961:

ἔσται 827× (22.9%)

ἐγένετο 634× (16.8%)

ἦν 280× (7.9%)

ἐγενήθη 215× (5.8%)

ἔσονται 160× (4.5%)

ἦσαν 134× (3.8%)

ἐγένοντο 83× (2.3%)

'' 74× (1.9%)

--- 73× (2.2%)

εἶναι 67× (1.7%)

חללי חַלְלֵי־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חלל

châlâl

Definition

pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted

Root

from H2490 (חלל);

Exhaustive

from חלל; pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted; kill, profane, slain (man), [idiom] slew, (deadly) wounded.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2491

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָלָל

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 491

1. killed, slain, especially in war; seldomer of a single person murdered; figuratively, of those killed by hunger, pestilence, whoredom. 2. profane, impure.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָלָל

adjective • Root חלל • Page 230

profane. (Mentioned as a derivative of the root חָלַל).

Adjective adjective masculine plural construct

LXX: τραυματίαι τραυματιῶν τραυματίασ '' τετραυματισμένοι

LXX Usage Statistics

H2491a:

τραυματίαι 24× (25.3%)

τραυματιῶν 19× (20.9%)

τραυματίασ 15× (15.8%)

'' 7× (6.7%)

τετραυματισμένοι 3× (3.4%)

τραυματίου 3× (3.0%)

νεκροὺσ 3× (3.0%)

ὡσ 2× (2.2%)

--- 2× (2.2%)

τραυματίᾳ 2× (1.9%)

חרב חרֶב

a sword/drought

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חרב

chereb

Definition

drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement

Root

from H2717 (חרב);

Exhaustive

from חרב; drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement; axe, dagger, knife, mattock, sword, tool.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2719

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֶרֶב

noun / feminine • Root חרב • Strongs / High • Page 524

1. a sword; any sharp instrument like a knife, razor, axe, or chisel. 2. war. 3. dryness or consumption as a disease. 4. grave or mausoleum.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חֶרֶב

f. verbal • Root חרב • Page 246

1. a sword (Deut. 13:16, 20:13, Josh. 6:21). 2. other cutting instruments like a knife for circumcising (Josh. 5:2), a razor (Ezek. 5:1), a pickaxe (Ex. 20:25), or a battering ram (Ezek. 26:9). 3. dryness, drought (Deut. 28:22).

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ῥομφαίᾳ ῥομφαίαν μάχαιραν μαχαίρᾳ ῥομφαία

LXX Usage Statistics

H2719:

ῥομφαίᾳ 62× (13.7%)

ῥομφαίαν 60× (14.4%)

μάχαιραν 39× (9.4%)

μαχαίρᾳ 35× (8.8%)

ῥομφαία 34× (8.4%)

μαχαίρασ 33× (8.2%)

ῥομφαίασ 28× (7.0%)

μάχαιρα 24× (5.9%)

'' 19× (4.3%)

μαχαίραισ 10× (2.4%)

מחללי מֵחַלְלֵי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חלל

châlâl

Definition

pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted

Root

from H2490 (חלל);

Exhaustive

from חלל; pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted; kill, profane, slain (man), [idiom] slew, (deadly) wounded.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2491

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָלָל

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 491

1. killed, slain, especially in war; seldomer of a single person murdered; figuratively, of those killed by hunger, pestilence, whoredom. 2. profane, impure.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָלָל

adjective • Root חלל • Page 230

profane. (Mentioned as a derivative of the root חָלַל).

Prep-M, Adjective adjective masculine plural construct

LXX: τραυματίαι τραυματιῶν τραυματίασ '' τετραυματισμένοι

LXX Usage Statistics

H2491a:

τραυματίαι 24× (25.3%)

τραυματιῶν 19× (20.9%)

τραυματίασ 15× (15.8%)

'' 7× (6.7%)

τετραυματισμένοι 3× (3.4%)

τραυματίου 3× (3.0%)

νεκροὺσ 3× (3.0%)

ὡσ 2× (2.2%)

--- 2× (2.2%)

τραυματίᾳ 2× (1.9%)

רעב רָעָב

a famine/hunger

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

רעב

râʻâb

Definition

hunger (more or less extensive)

Root

from H7456 (רעב);

Exhaustive

from רעב; hunger (more or less extensive); dearth, famine, [phrase] famished, hunger.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7458

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רָעָב

noun / m. • Root רעב • Strongs / High • Page 1346

m. hunger, scarcity, famine; fig. desire; extreme scarcity or dearth.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

רָעָב

noun masculine • Root רעב • Page 623

Hunger; a famine. References: Lam. 5:10; Gen. 12:10; Am. 8:11.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: λιμὸσ λιμῷ λιμοῦ λιμὸν ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H7458:

λιμὸσ 29× (29.5%)

λιμῷ 24× (21.6%)

λιμοῦ 17× (17.7%)

λιμὸν 13× (13.7%)

'' 5× (4.9%)

λιμόσ 4× (4.1%)

λιμόν 3× (3.1%)

שהם שֶׁהֵם

whom themselves

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ש

še

Definition

which

Root

Abbreviated from H834 Derived terms של‎ (shel) של־‎ (shel'-)

Exhaustive

who, which. An abbreviation used as a prefix.אשר

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הם

hêm

Definition

they (only used when emphatic)

Root

or (prolonged) המה; masculine plural from H1981 (הלך);

Exhaustive

or (prolonged) המה; masculine plural from הלך; they (only used when emphatic); it, like, [idiom] (how, so) many (soever, more as) they (be), (the) same, [idiom] so, [idiom] such, their, them, these, they, those, which, who, whom, withal, ye.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1992

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הֵם

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 404

Personal pronoun, third person masculine plural: they.

הֵם

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 405

Pronoun of the 3rd person plural masculine, they. Can also be used to express the verb 'to be' or with the article הָהֵם for emphasis, 'they themselves'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שֶׁ

relative pronoun • Root אשר • Page 646

more rarely שַׁ. (1) who, which, what. (Ecc. 1: 11. Cant. 1: 7. 3: 1, 2, 3). (3) —כְּשֶׁ i. q. כַּאֲשֶׁר as. (Ecc. 5: 14). Found only in later Hebrew and poetic style.

שׁ

letter • Page 646

The 21st letter of the alphabet, and as a numerical sign denoting 300. The name שֵׁן i. q. שֶׁן a tooth, is derived from the pronged form of the letter.

Particle relative, Pronoun personal third person masculine plural

LXX: αὐτοὶ οὗτοι εἰσιν ταῦτα ἐκείναισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1992:

αὐτοὶ 173× (27.9%)

οὗτοι 54× (8.8%)

εἰσιν 48× (7.8%)

ταῦτα 36× (6.1%)

ἐκείναισ 34× (5.8%)

ἐστιν 25× (4.1%)

--- 20× (3.4%)

αὐτῶν 12× (2.0%)

ἦσαν 11× (1.7%)

εἰσίν 11× (1.9%)

יזובו יָזוּבוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זוב

zûwb

Definition

to flow freely (as water), i.e. (specifically) to have a (sexual) flux; figuratively, to waste away; also to overflow

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to flow freely (as water), i.e. (specifically) to have a (sexual) flux; figuratively, to waste away; also to overflow; flow, gush out, have a (running) issue, pine away, run.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2100

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זוּב

verb / intransitive • Root זוב • Strongs / High • Page 427

To flow, to stream; to overflow. Metaphorically, to melt, dissolve, or pine away. Specifically used for bodily discharges like monthly courses or seminal flux.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

זוּב

verb • Page 199

1. to flow (Ps. 78: 20; 105: 41; Is. 48: 21). Also spoken of person or place from which anything flows (Jer. 49: 4; Ex. 3: 8). 2. applied especially to the catamenia or monthly courses of women (Lev. 15: 25). 3. also to the gonorrhœa in men (Lev. 15: 2). 4. to pine away, to die (Lam. 4: 9).

זוּב

m. verbal • Root זוב • Page 199

1. gonorrhœa, fluxus seminis virilis (Lev. 15: 1-15). 2. the monthly courses of females, fluxus sanguinis muliebris (Lev. 15: 16 ff.).

Verb Qal imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: ῥέουσαν γονορρυήσ γονορρυὴσ ῥέῃ ῥύσισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2100:

ῥέουσαν 18× (44.8%)

γονορρυήσ 5× (11.0%)

γονορρυὴσ 5× (10.6%)

ῥέῃ 2× (4.6%)

ῥύσισ 2× (4.6%)

ἐρρύησαν 2× (4.2%)

γονορρυοῦσ 2× (4.2%)

מדקרים מְדֻקָּרִים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

דקר

dâqar

Definition

to stab; by analogy, to starve; figuratively, to revile

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to stab; by analogy, to starve; figuratively, to revile; pierce, strike (thrust) through, wound.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1856

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בִּדְקַר

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 221

proper name masculine (2 Kings 9, 25).

בֶּן־דֶּקֶר

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 256

Lance-bearer; proper name of a man.

דֶּקֶר

noun proper masculine • Root דקר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 376

Masculine proper noun; lance-bearer.

דָּקַר

verb • Lemma_Lookup • Page 376

Transitive verb; to bore through, pierce; figuratively, to revile or calumniate.

יִדְקֶרֶת

noun proper • Root יד • Lemma_Lookup • Page 579

Proper name of a Phenician colony, with a meaning similar to Idicara ('place of the city').

מִדְקָרָה

noun feminine • Root דקר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 814

Piercing, wounding.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דָּקַר

verb • Page 172

To thrust through, to pierce, stab, as with a sword or spear. Num. 25:8; Judg. 9:54; 1 Sam. 31:4. Niph. pass. Is. 13:15. Pu. idem. Jer. 37:10; 51:4; Lam. 4:9.

Verb Pual participle passive masculine plural absolute

LXX: ἐκκεκεντημένοι ἀποκέντησόν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1856:

ἐκκεκεντημένοι 2× (20.1%)

ἀποκέντησόν 2× (17.1%)

מתנובת מִתְּנוּבֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

תנובה

tᵉnûwbâh

Definition

produce

Root

from H5107 (נוב);

Exhaustive

from נוב; produce; fruit, increase.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8570

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תְּנוּבָה

noun feminine • Root נוב • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1522

(constr. תְּנוּבַת, pl. תְּנוּבוֹת, from נוּב I.) fem. fruit, of the field Deut. 32, 13; Ez. 36, 30; produce Judges 9, 11, fig. Is. 27, 6.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תְּנוּבָה

f. verbal from נוּב • Root נוב • Page 721

fruit, produce, increase, proventus. Deut. 32: 13. Judg. 9: 11. Lam. 4: 9.

Prep-M, Noun common feminine plural absolute

LXX: γενήματα

LXX Usage Statistics

H8570:

γενήματα 2× (52.3%)

שדיס שָׂדָי׃ס

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שדה

sâdeh

Definition

a field (as flat)

Root

or שדי; from an unused root meaning to spread out;

Exhaustive

or שדי; from an unused root meaning to spread out; a field (as flat); country, field, ground, land, soil, [idiom] wild.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7704

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׂדֶה

noun masculine • Root שדד • Strongs / High • Page 1384

(from שָׂדַד II.; only pl. שָׂדִים) m. a wide-stretching plain, a tract of land, prop. an extension; hence the pl. שָׂדִים (open fields, plains).

שָׂדֶה

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1386

1. A field, opposed to a city, village, or camp; the open field, belonging to the land; of animals, wild, untamed. 2. Metaphorically, the field surrounding a city, district, or territory belonging to a city; open country, in opposition to the metropolis.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שְׁדָה

chald. ithpa. • Page 657

to exert one's self, construed with לְ. Dan. 6: 15.

שָׂדֶה

noun masculine • Root שדה • Page 634

1. a field, cultivated ground. Gen. 23:17. 2. a field generally, e.g. beasts of the field. Is. 43:20. 3. a country, territory. Gen. 14:7. 4. plain, e.g. שְׂדֵה-אֲרָם plain of Syria. Hos. 12:13.

שִׁדָּה

noun feminine • Root שד • Page 656

Literally a lady, princess; whence a wife or concubine. Found in Ecc. 2: 8.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ἀγροῦ ἀγρῷ ἀγρὸν πεδίῳ πεδίου

LXX Usage Statistics

H7704a:

ἀγροῦ 79× (23.4%)

ἀγρῷ 44× (11.4%)

ἀγρὸν 32× (9.5%)

πεδίῳ 29× (7.1%)

πεδίου 23× (6.6%)

πεδίον 15× (4.0%)

ἀγρόν 13× (3.7%)

pεἰσ 11× (3.7%)

ἀγροὶ 9× (2.7%)

ἀγροὺσ 8× (2.4%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Those wounded by the sword were good above those wounded by famine: these will flow away, being thrust through from the produce of the field.

LITV Translation:
Better are the ones slain by the sword than the ones slain by hunger, those who flow away, pierced because the produce of my fields failed .

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
The slain with the sword were better Than they that were slain with hunger: They have departed, Pierced through from want of the fruits of the field.