Lamentations 4:8

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

חשך חָשַׁךְ

a dark one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חשך

châshak

Definition

to be dark (as withholding light); transitively, to darken

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to be dark (as withholding light); transitively, to darken; be black, be (make) dark, darken, cause darkness, be dim, hide.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2821

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָשַׁךְ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 540

To be dark, to be obscured. Used literally for celestial bodies, light, eyes, or a land, and figuratively for mental or political obscuration, misfortune, or a low condition.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָשַׁךְ

verb • Page 255

to be darkened, obscured, dim; spoken of the light of the sun, Job 18:6. Is. 5:30. 13:10. Ex. 10:15. Lam. 5:17. Ps. 69:24. Ecc. 12:3. Hiph. to make dark, Am. 5:8. Metaphorically Job 38:2. Intrans. to be dark, Ps. 139:12. Jer. 13:16.

חֹשֶׁךְ

m. verbal from חָשַׁךְ / dec. vi. m. • Root חשך • Page 255

1. darkness. Gen. 1:2 ff. hence hades, the regions of the dead, Ps. 88:13. 2. used metaphorically for (1.) misfortune, Is. 9:1. (2.) sadness, Ecc. 5:16. (3.) ignorance, Job 37:19.

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: σκοτισθήσεται ἐσκότασεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H2821:

σκοτισθήσεται 2× (11.7%)

ἐσκότασεν 2× (11.7%)

משחור מִשְּׁחוֹר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שחור

shᵉchôwr

Definition

dinginess, i.e. perhaps soot

Root

from H7835 (שחר);

Exhaustive

from שחר; dinginess, i.e. perhaps soot; coal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7815

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אַשְׁחוּר

noun • Lemma_Lookup • Page 199

See אֲשׁוּר, אִשּׁוּר

אַשְׁחוּר

noun proper masculine • Root חור • Lemma_Lookup • Page 199

(the hero i.e. God is free). Proper name, masculine. 1 Chr. 2, 24.

פַּשְׁחוּר

noun proper masculine • Root פשח • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1201

Name of a priest and official; meaning suggests freedom, liberation, redemption.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁחוֹר

adjective • Page 664

see שִׁיחוֹר

שְׁחֹור

m. verbal • Root שחר • Page 666

blackness. Lam. 4: 8.

שַׁחֹור

verb • Root שחר • Page 666

III. a. black; spoken e. g. of the hair, Lev. 13: 31, 37. of horses, Zech. 6: 2, 6. of the skin tanned by the sun, Cant. 1: 5.

Prep-M, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H7815:

No stats available

תארם תָּאֳרָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

תאר

tôʼar

Definition

outline, i.e. figure or appearance

Root

from H8388 (תאר);

Exhaustive

from תאר; outline, i.e. figure or appearance; [phrase] beautiful, [idiom] comely, countenance, [phrase] fair, [idiom] favoured, form, [idiom] goodly, [idiom] resemble, visage.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8389

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תָּאַר

verb • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1496

(only perf.) intr. to go about, to surround, to turn; to be circumscribed, marked around, hence to be determined.

Matched via consonantal key only

תֹּאַר

m. prop. • Root תאר • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1496

m. proper outline; hence form, aspect, of the body; a good figure, handsome man.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תָּאַר

verb • Page 705

To be drawn, marked out, spoken of a boundary. Josh. 15:9, 11; 18:14, 17. Pi. to mark out, describe. Is. 44:13.

תֹּאַר

noun masculine • Root תאר • Page 705

1. Form, visage. 1 Sam. 28:14; Lam. 4:8. 2. A beautiful form, beauty. Is. 53:2; 1 Sam. 16:18.

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: εἴδει εἶδοσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H8389:

εἴδει 9× (46.9%)

εἶδοσ 3× (16.9%)

לא לֹא

not

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

לא

lôʼ

Definition

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

Root

or לוא; or לה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle;

Exhaustive

or לוא; or לה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles; [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3808

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

לֹא

negative particle • Root אל • Strongs / High • Page 759

A negative particle; not, no. It functions as an absolute negative, a negative answer to a question, or a refusal. Used with verbs in various tenses and moods to express negation or prohibition.

לֹא

particle • Strongs / High • Page 761

A K'ri reading for לוֹ.

לֹא

adverb / particle • Strongs / High • Page 760

Not; No; Nothing (substantive use); Before (cognate sense to טֶרֶם).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

לֹא

adverb • Page 338

A primitive adverb of negation (more rarely לוֹא). 1. not. 2. no (Gen. 19:2). 3. nothing (Job 6:21). 4. without (1 Chr. 2:30). 5. interrogative, nonne? (Jon. 4:11). 6. lest, that not (Ex. 28:32). 7. In combination with adjectives/substantives it gives a negative signification (e.g., לֹא עֹז without strength).

Particle negative

LXX: οὐκ οὐ μὴ οὐδὲ οὐχ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3808:

οὐκ 1137× (34.5%)

οὐ 797× (24.2%)

μὴ 184× (5.6%)

οὐδὲ 150× (4.5%)

οὐχ 127× (3.9%)

οὐχὶ 120× (3.6%)

--- 98× (3.0%)

'' 94× (2.4%)

---% 62× (1.5%)

οὐκέτι 50× (1.4%)

נכרו נִכְּרוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נכר

nâkar

Definition

properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspicion implied), to disregard, ignore, be strange toward, reject, resign, dissimulate (as if ignorant or disowning)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to scrutinize, i.e. look intently at; hence (with recognition implied), to acknowledge, be acquainted with, care for, respect, revere, or (with suspicion implied), to disregard, ignore, be strange toward, reject, resign, dissimulate (as if ignorant or disowning); acknowledge, [idiom] could, deliver, discern, dissemble, estrange, feign self to be another, know, take knowledge (notice), perceive, regard, (have) respect, behave (make) self strange(-ly).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5234

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָכַר

verb • Root נכר • Strongs / High • Page 972

A verb root (I) with meanings related to being marked, foreign, or perceptible. Nifal: to make oneself unknown, dissemble; to be perceived, recognized. Piel: to find strange, disdain, despise. Hifil: to perceive, recognize, regard, acknowledge. Hithpael: to be recognized, feign, dissemble.

נָכַר

verb • Root נכר • Strongs / High • Page 972

A verb root (II) meaning to deliver over, to give up (interchanging מ and נ, same as מָכַר). The Piel form also means to give up.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נָכַר

verb • Root נכר • Page 444

Niph. 1. to be known (Lam. 4:8). 2. to let one’s self be unknown, to dissemble (Prov. 26:24). Pi. 1. to regard (Job 34:19). 2. to understand (Job 21:29). 3. to mistake (Deut. 32:27). 4. to despise, reject (Jer. 19:4; 1 Sam. 23:7). Hiph. 1. to regard, have respect of persons, be partial (Gen. 31:32; Deut. 1:17; Is. 3:9). 2. to perceive, discern (Gen. 27:23; 37:33). 3. to acknowledge (Deut. 21:17; Is. 61:9). 4. to know, in poetry (Job 24:13; Is. 63:16). 5. to know, in later books (Neh. 13:24; Ezra 3:13). 6. to be concerned or care for (Ps. 142:5; Ruth 2:10, 19). Hithpa. 1. to be known (Prov. 20:11). 2. to dissemble (Gen. 42:7; 1 K. 14:5, 6).

Verb Niphal perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἐπέγνω ἐπιγνώσεται ἐπέγνωσαν ἐπίγνωθι ἐπιγνῷ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5234a:

ἐπέγνω 9× (16.9%)

ἐπιγνώσεται 4× (7.9%)

ἐπέγνωσαν 4× (7.9%)

ἐπίγνωθι 3× (5.9%)

ἐπιγνῷ 2× (3.9%)

ἐπέγνων 2× (3.6%)

ἐπιγινώσκων 2× (3.6%)

---% 2× (3.4%)

'' 2× (3.4%)

בחוצות בַּחוּצוֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חוץ

chûwts

Definition

properly, separate by awall, i.e. outside, outdoors

Root

or (shortened) חץ; (both forms feminine in the plural) from an unused root meaning to sever;

Exhaustive

or (shortened) חץ; (both forms feminine in the plural) from an unused root meaning to sever; properly, separate by awall, i.e. outside, outdoors; abroad, field, forth, highway, more, out(-side, -ward), street, without.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2351

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חוּץ

noun masculine • Root חוץ • Strongs / High • Page 468

A wall of separation. Can mean: 1. what is separated, a street; 2. Figuratively, streets for merchants, bazaars; 3. what is without, i.e. lying outside. Also used as an adverb or preposition for 'outside', 'abroad', 'without'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חוּץ

adv. / substantive • Page 219

1. As an adv.: without, abroad; denoting the place where (Lev. 18:9) or whither (Deut. 23:13). Joined with various prepositions (Gen. 9:22, Ps. 41:7, Gen. 6:14, Num. 5:3). 2. As a subst.: what is without the house, the street (Jer. 37:21, Job 18:17); what is without the city, fields, pastures, deserts (Job 5:10, Prov. 8:26).

Preposition -Within Art, Noun common feminine plural absolute

LXX: ἔξω ἔξωθεν ὁδοῖσ ἐξόδοισ αὐτῆσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2351:

ἔξω 81× (50.1%)

ἔξωθεν 33× (19.5%)

ὁδοῖσ 7× (3.1%)

ἐξόδοισ 6× (2.7%)

αὐτῆσ 4× (1.7%)

πλατείαισ 3× (1.3%)

--- 3× (1.9%)

dκαὶ 2× (1.2%)

ἐξόδων 2× (1.2%)

ὁδῶν 2× (1.2%)

צפד צָפַד

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

צפד

tsâphad

Definition

to adhere

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to adhere; cleave.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6821

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

צָפַד

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1241

To adhere to, to cleave to, to be attached to.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

צָפַד

verb • Page 573

to adhere, to stick fast. Lam. 4: 8.

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H6821:

No stats available

עורם עוֹרָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עור

ʻôwr

Definition

skin (as naked); by implication, hide, leather

Root

from H5783 (עור);

Exhaustive

from עור; skin (as naked); by implication, hide, leather; hide, leather, skin.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5785

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עוֹר

noun • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1070

As a noun, see עֹר (cross-reference).

עוֹר

noun masculine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1070

1. The skin, of a man, of animals; leather, corium, hide. Applied covering and overlaying. Poet. = body. Used in the proverb 'skin for skin'. (Includes alternative spelling עֹר).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עוֹר

m. dec. i. • Root עור • Page 497

1. the human skin (Ex. 34:30, 35; Job 7:5). 2. the hide or skin of an animal (Gen. 3:21). 3. leather (Lev. 13:48).

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: δέρματι δέρμα δέρματα δέρματοσ δερματίνῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5785:

δέρματι 27× (23.2%)

δέρμα 16× (15.9%)

δέρματα 15× (15.0%)

δέρματοσ 15× (14.6%)

δερματίνῳ 6× (6.9%)

δερμάτινον 4× (4.6%)

βύρσαν 3× (2.8%)

--- 2× (2.3%)

?ἡ 2× (2.1%)

'' 2× (1.9%)

על עַל־

upon/against/yoke

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

על

ʻal

Definition

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Root

properly, the same as H5920 (על) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following);

Exhaustive

properly, the same as על used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5921

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַל

adjective / noun • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

Highest; same as עֶלְיוֹן. This form is abridged from עָלָה and derived from עָלַי (like יַד from יָדָה I.), serving as the construct form עֲלֵי (out of עֲלַאי).

עַל

preposition / adverb • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

A preposition: upon, over, above, super, in the widest sense. It expresses protecting, covering, resting above upon (answering to 'where'); motion toward the upper surface (answering to 'whither?'); local direction to a more distant agency; or proximity/timing ('with, at'). Used figuratively as dat. commodi and incommodi, meaning a burden or duty upon one, or with certain verbs replacing the dative case. Also expresses motion down upon or up to, sometimes interchanging with אֶל.

עַל

preposition / adverb • Strongs / High • Page 1089

Preposition or Adverb meaning upon, over, at, above (denoting physical overtopping or mental superiority/dominion); expressing addition (to, reckoned to); proximity (by, around); suitability (according to); or occasionally used concessively (though, quanquam).

עַל

preposition / particle / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Properly, over, upon, concerning, notwithstanding, against, towards, for the sake of, on account of. Used to express position, antithesis, or distance (away from). After certain verbs, signifies giving way, removing, or fleeing. Also forms various compound particles (e.g., עַל-מָה, עַל-כֵּן, עַל אֲשֶׁר).

עַל

preposition (aramaic) • Root אלא • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew עַל. Means: Upon, over, on account of, unto, against, or dative. (Used with suffixes like עָלַי, עָלֵךְ, עֲלֵיהוֹן).

עַל

noun / prepos. • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה, listed as a noun and a preposition.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַל

substantive / adverb / adjective • Root עלה • Page 507

Strictly a substantive meaning whatever is high or uppermost (Hos. 7:16, 11:7). Used as an adverb: (1.) 'above' (Gen. 27:39, 49:25; Ps. 50:4). Used as an adjective: (2.) 'high' (2 Sam. 23:1).

Preposition

LXX: ἐπὶ ἐπ' ἐφ' τοῦτο ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H5921a:

ἐπὶ 1722× (33.1%)

ἐπ' 701× (13.4%)

ἐφ' 195× (3.7%)

τοῦτο 116× (1.9%)

'' 116× (1.9%)

περὶ 113× (2.2%)

ἀπὸ 108× (2.1%)

--- 108× (2.1%)

αὐτοὺσ 95× (1.6%)

εἰσ 93× (1.8%)

עצמם עַצְמָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עצם

ʻetsem

Definition

a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e. (as pron.) selfsame

Root

from H6105 (עצם);

Exhaustive

from עצם; a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e. (as pron.) selfsame; body, bone, [idiom] life, (self-) same, strength, [idiom] very.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6106

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֶצֶם

noun masculine • Root עצם • Strongs / High • Page 1121

1. The hard, the firm, a pile of wood. 2. Commonly, a bone, often referring to the bone of a dead person.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַצְמוֹת

f. verbal • Root עצם • Page 522

Strong reasons, arguments (Is. 41:21). In Talmud: argumenta valida.

עֶצֶם

m. verbal • Root עצם • Page 522

1. strength (Deut. 8:17, Job 30:21). 2. body, frame (Ps. 139:15).

עֶצֶם

f. verbal from עָצַם • Root עצם • Page 521

1. a bone. Gen. 2:23. 2. body, form, appearance. Lam. 4:7. 3. the same, very, itself, in reference to things; e.g. עֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה (the self-same day).

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: ὀστᾶ ὀστέοισ ὀστῶν ὀστοῦν ὀστέων

LXX Usage Statistics

H6106:

ὀστᾶ 65× (46.1%)

ὀστέοισ 7× (4.9%)

ὀστῶν 7× (5.0%)

ὀστοῦν 6× (4.8%)

ὀστέων 6× (4.7%)

ἡμέρασ 4× (2.6%)

ταύτῃ 3× (2.2%)

--- 3× (2.6%)

ὀστέα 3× (2.2%)

σήμερον 3× (1.9%)

יבש יָבֵשׁ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יבש

yâbêsh

Definition

dry

Root

from H3001 (יבש);

Exhaustive

from יבש; dry; dried (away), dry.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3002

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָבֵשׁ

verb • Root יבש • Strongs / High • Page 574

To be dried, withered, parched, by loss of juices and fluids of life; to dry up; to wither; to be drained or subside. Used for plants, wet objects, and figuratively.

יָבֵשׁ

adjective • Root יבש • Strongs / High • Page 574

Dry, parched, sapless; withered; dried. Figuratively: dried up, perished.

יָבֵשׁ

noun proper masculine • Root יבש • Strongs / High • Page 574

A proper name of a man, having the sense of paleness or dunness.

יָבֵשׁ

noun proper • Root יבש • Strongs / High • Page 575

The proper name of a city in Gilead, often as Jabesh-Gilead.

יָבֵשׁ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 575

A root, not used in Hebrew Kal stem. Aramaic intransitive verb with the same meaning as Hebrew יָבַשׁ (to be dry).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יִבֵּשׁ

verb • Root יבש • Page 268

To make dry, to dry up.

יָבֵשׁ

verb • Page 268

To be or become dry; spoken of rivers, the sea, earth, or plants. Also of paralysis or withering of the hand.

יָבֵשׁ

verb • Root בוש • Page 268

1. to make ashamed. 2. to be brought to shame, to be disappointed. 3. to become a disgrace, to perish. 4. to conduct shamefully.

יָבֵשׁ

verb • Root יבש • Page 268

1. dry. 2. proper name of a city in Gilead (Jabesh-Gilead), also called יָבֵישׁ.

Adjective adjective both singular absolute

LXX: ξηρόν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3002:

ξηρόν 2× (21.6%)

היה הָיָה

he has become

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

היה

hâyâh

Definition

to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

Root

a primitive root (compare H1933 (הוא));

Exhaustive

a primitive root (compare הוא); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary); beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1961

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 397

To be, to exist, to live, to become. A substantive verb used to unite a subject and predicate. It can also mean to happen, to arise, or to belong to. Used in a wide variety of grammatical constructions.

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 591

To be, to become, to exist. The common Hebrew verb for 'to be', considered the root of the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הַיָּה

noun feminine • Page 185

Keri הַוָּה suffering, calamity. Job 6: 2; 30: 13.

הָיָה

verb • Page 184

1. To be (Ex. 20:3, Num. 10:31, etc.); 2. to become (Ex. 4:4, Hos. 3:3, etc.); 3. to happen (Is. 19:15).

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἔσται ἐγένετο ἦν ἐγενήθη ἔσονται

LXX Usage Statistics

H1961:

ἔσται 827× (22.9%)

ἐγένετο 634× (16.8%)

ἦν 280× (7.9%)

ἐγενήθη 215× (5.8%)

ἔσονται 160× (4.5%)

ἦσαν 134× (3.8%)

ἐγένοντο 83× (2.3%)

'' 74× (1.9%)

--- 73× (2.2%)

εἶναι 67× (1.7%)

כעץס כָעֵץ׃ס

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כ

kə

Definition

like, as

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix Derived terms כאשר‎ (ka'ashér) כמו‎ (k'mó) כמות‎ (k'mót) כש־‎ (k'she-)

Exhaustive

(kaph) — as / like / according to

Core value: correspondence, patterning, resonance
כ never asserts identity. It asserts alignment.
- likeness,
- proportionality,
- conformity to a form.
Aonically, כ signals phase-alignment, not comparison.
not “like X in appearance” but “operating according to the same pattern as X.”
This is why prophetic and poetic language leans heavily on כ: it encodes structural analogy across layers, not metaphor.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עץ

ʻêts

Definition

a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)

Root

from H6095 (עצה);

Exhaustive

from עצה; a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks); [phrase] carpenter, gallows, helve, [phrase] pine, plank, staff, stalk, stick, stock, timber, tree, wood.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6086

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֵץ

noun masculine • Root עצה • Strongs / High • Page 1118

A stick, so called from its stiffness and firmness; a stake, palus, for fastening criminals; a block, a log, as an idol; wood, as a material.

עֵץ

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1119

The stuff a thing is made of. Metaphor. a tree, with the adjectives (thick, strong, green). Also sticks of wood.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֵץ

noun masculine • Page 520

1. A tree. 2. Wood; also a post, gibbet, or gallows (Gen. 40: 19, Deut. 21: 22). Plural 'עֵצִים' denotes logs, billets for burning (Lev. 1: 7), or timber for building (Ex. 25: 10).

Preposition -Like Art, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ξύλα ξύλον ξύλων ξύλου ξύλοισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6086:

ξύλα 90× (25.5%)

ξύλον 61× (17.8%)

ξύλων 37× (10.5%)

ξύλου 35× (10.2%)

ξύλοισ 17× (4.4%)

'' 12× (3.2%)

--- 11× (3.5%)

pἐκ 10× (3.1%)

δένδρον 7× (2.1%)

ῥάβδον 5× (1.5%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Their form dark above blackness; they were not known in the streets: their skin adhered to their bones; it was dried up, it was as wood.

LITV Translation:
Their appearance is darker than soot; they are not recognized in the streets. Their skin has shriveled on their bones; it is dried up, it has become like wood.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Their countenance is become blacker than smoke; They are not known in the streets: Their skin has cloven to their bones; They are withered, they are become as a stick.