Lamentations 3:8

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

גם גַּם

also

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

גם

gam

Definition

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

Root

by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather;

Exhaustive

by contraction from an unused root meaning to gather; properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and; again, alike, also, (so much) as (soon), both (so)...and, but, either...or, even, for all, (in) likewise (manner), moreover, nay...neither, one, then(-refore), though, what, with, yea.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1571

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גַּם

conjunct. / substantive • Root גמם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 330

A multifaceted particle. 1. As an unused substantive, it meant assembly, congregation, or heap. 2. As a conjunction, it means: a) also, adding to something preceding; b) in corresponding clauses, 'as well...as' or 'not only...but also'; c) for emphasis, meaning 'even', 'truly', or 'really'.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גַּם

primitive particle • Root גם • Page 142

1. Conj. cop. also, and (Joel 1: 12). 2. At the beginning of a sentence, yea! (Job 18: 5). 3. Conj. concess. although (Ps. 95: 9). 4. Conj. advers. yet (Ps. 129: 2). 5. both...and, as well...as (Gen. 24: 25).

Adverb

LXX: καὶ γε --- κἀγὼ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H1571:

καὶ 383× (57.4%)

γε 124× (15.6%)

--- 56× (8.4%)

κἀγὼ 18× (2.7%)

'' 17× (2.2%)

οὐδὲ 11× (1.6%)

καίγε 6× (0.9%)

οὔτε 5× (0.7%)

ἐὰν 4× (0.5%)

dκαὶ 4× (0.6%)

כי כִּי

for

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כי

kîy

Definition

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

Root

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent;

Exhaustive

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed; and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3588

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כִּי

masculine noun • Root כוה • Strongs / High • Page 690

A prick, mark, stigma; a brand.

כִּי

relative conjunction • Root כי • Strongs / High • Page 690

A pronominal root used as a relative conjunction. 1. usually a relative particle, that, quod, to denote the relation of the preceding to the following clause, such as in indirect and direct speech.

כִּי

particle / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 691

A versatile particle with several primary meanings. 1. As a conjunction, it can introduce an exclamation, a question, or an emphatic confirmation, and is sometimes translated as 'that'. 2. As a relative particle of time, it means 'when', 'if', 'since', 'as', 'as often as'. 3. As a causal particle, it means 'because' or 'for'. 4. As a particle of consequence, it can mean 'so' or 'then'.

כִּי

conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 692

A relative conjunction with a wide range of meanings depending on context. Causal: 'for', 'because'. Adversative: 'but', 'nay but', 'nay for', 'no', 'but yes', 'but indeed', 'but yet'. Comparative: 'but now'. Concessive: 'although'. Consequential: 'for which reason'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כִּי

m. subst. • Root כוה • Page 314

I. a mark burnt in, a brand, stigma. Is. 3: 24.

כִּי

primitive particle • Page 314

II. Probably a relative pronoun, i. q. אֲשֶׁר (Gen. 4:25). Used as a conj.: 1. that (Gen. 1:4). 2. for, because (Gen. 3:14). 3. if (Ex. 3:21). 4. when (Hos. 11:1). 5. yet, although (Ps. 116:10). 6. but (Gen. 45:8). 7. yea rather (Ps. 44:23). 8. often used at the beginning of a proposition (Zech. 3:8). 9. at the beginning of the apodosis (Gen. 22:17).

Particle

LXX: ὅτι γὰρ ἐὰν διότι ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H3588a:

ὅτι 2030× (53.1%)

γὰρ 394× (10.3%)

ἐὰν 276× (7.0%)

διότι 259× (6.8%)

--- 158× (4.1%)

ἀλλ' 114× (2.9%)

'' 76× (1.7%)

ὅταν 55× (1.4%)

καὶ 49× (1.3%)

γάρ 44× (1.2%)

אזעק אֶזְעַק

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זעק

zâʻaq

Definition

to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to shriek (from anguish or danger); by analogy, (as a herald) to announce or convene publicly; assemble, call (together), (make a) cry (out), come with such a company, gather (together), cause to be proclaimed.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2199

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זָעַק

verb • Root זעק • Strongs / High • Page 440

To cry, to lament; to cry to, to implore for help; to entreat; to call. A later form of the older צָעַק.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

זָעַק

verb • Page 207

to cry out, to call, especially from pain, sorrow (Ps. 142:6, Judg. 12:2, Hab. 1:2). Includes Niph. (to be called together) and Hiph. (to call together) forms.

Verb Qal imperfect first person common singular

LXX: ἐκέκραξαν κεκράξονται ἐβόησαν ἐβόησεν ἀνεβόησεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H2199:

ἐκέκραξαν 8× (10.4%)

κεκράξονται 7× (9.4%)

ἐβόησαν 7× (9.2%)

ἐβόησεν 5× (6.2%)

ἀνεβόησεν 4× (5.0%)

ἐκέκραξα 2× (2.9%)

ἀνεβόησαν 2× (2.7%)

ἀνεβόησα 2× (2.5%)

'' 2× (2.5%)

κεκράξατε 2× (2.5%)

ואשוע וַאֲשַׁוֵּעַ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שוע

shâvaʻ

Definition

properly, to be free; but used only causatively and reflexively, to halloo (for help, i.e. freedom from some trouble)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to be free; but used only causatively and reflexively, to halloo (for help, i.e. freedom from some trouble); cry (aloud, out), shout.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7768

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲבִישׁוּעַ

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 52

'Ab as prosperity; proper name found in 1 Chr. 5, 30; 6, 35; Ezr. 7, 5.

אֱלִישָׁוּעַ

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 140

'El is good fortune; proper name masculine 2 Sam. 5, 15, for which in 1 Chr. 3, 6 stands אֱלִישָׁמָע written by mistake.

בַּת־שׁוּעַ

noun proper feminine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 287

See בַּת־שֶׁבַע.

חֲצַר שׁוּעָל

noun proper • Root חצר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 520

(Court of jackals) A proper name of a city in Simeon.

יְהוֹשׁוּעַ

noun proper masculine • Root ישע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 593

(Yehô is help); a proper name, also appears as יֵשׁוּעַ.

יְשׁוּעַ

noun proper masculine • Root ישע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 657

(Jah is help)

יֵשׁוּעַ

noun proper masculine / noun proper • Root ישע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 657

1. A proper name, equivalent to יְהוֹשֻׁעַ and הוֹשֵׁעַ. 2. A place in Judah.

יְשׁוּעָה

noun feminine • Root ישע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 657

deliverance, rescue, salvation, help, victory; a fortunate state, prosperity, honour, distinction.

מַלְכִּישׁוּעַ

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 861

The king, i.e. God, is Fortune. A proper name.

שׁוֹעַ

noun masculine • Root שוע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1399

1. A cry for help (from שׁוּעַ I.). 2. A rich one, noble, free one (from שׁוּעַ II.). 3. Noun proper of a small Chaldean people. 4. Riches, property. 5. Prosperity, salvation.

שׁוּעַ

intr. prop. • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1399

To cry out, to call, for help; to implore, to pray. (Kal unused). The Pih. form is שָׁוַע and the Hif. form is הֹשִׁיעַ (to call for help).

שׁוּעַ

verb • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1399

I. (Not used) intransitive; same as שָׁוַע (to cry out).

שׁוּעַ

verb • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1399

II. (Not used) intransitive; to be wide, cognate in sense רָחַב; hence metaphorically to be free, fortunate, unconfined, delivered; or to be distinguished, rich, noble.

שׁוּעַ

noun masculine • Root שוע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1462

Same as יֶשַׁע 2. good fortune, safety, only in the proper name יְהוֹשׁוּעַ.

שׁוֹעָא

noun proper masculine • Root שוע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1399

Noun Proper Masculine (meaning prosperity, salvation).

שַׁוְעָה

noun feminine • Root שוע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1399

Feminine noun related to cry for help or salvation. (Construct state שׁוֹעַת).

שׁוּעָל

noun feminine • Root שוע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1400

(Derived from שׁוּעַ) A cry for help.

שׁוּעָל

noun masculine / noun proper • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1400

1. A reddish, fire-coloured, yellowish-red creature; hence a fox or a jackal (Canis aureus). 2. Fox, as a proper name. 3. (land of the jackal) A district in Benjamin.

שׁוֹעֵר

noun • Root שער • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1400

(A denominative from שַׁעַר) A porter.

שׁוֹעֵר

particle • Root שער • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1466

Gatekeeper, one who keeps the gate or watch at the gate; also refers to a city-watch or the gate-keepers of the temple (plur. שׁוֹעֲרִים).

שַׁעֲשׁוּעַ

noun masculine • Root שעע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1467

Pleasant play; delight, enjoyment.

תְּשׁוּעָה

noun feminine • Root ישע ישע • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1535

prop. unconstraint, freedom; hence deliverance, salvation, victory; and generally in the various meanings of the verb.

Conjunction, Verb Piel first person common singular

LXX: ἐκέκραξα κεκράξομαι βοήσονται ---% χειρὸσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7768:

ἐκέκραξα 4× (17.1%)

κεκράξομαι 2× (8.9%)

βοήσονται 2× (8.9%)

---% 2× (7.6%)

χειρὸσ 2× (7.6%)

δυνάστου 2× (6.2%)

κεκραγέναι 2× (5.6%)

שתם שָׂתַם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

סתם

çâtham

Definition

to stop up; by implication, to repair; figuratively, to keep secret

Root

or שתם; (Numbers 24:15), a primitive root;

Exhaustive

or שתם; (Numbers 24:15), a primitive root; to stop up; by implication, to repair; figuratively, to keep secret; closed up, hidden, secret, shut out (up), stop.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5640

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

סָתַם

verb • Root סתם • Strongs / High • Page 1039

tr. (fut. יִסְתֹּם) to stop up, to close up (springs), fig. to keep secret, a revelation, to stop, to hinder.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

סָתַם

verb • Page 483

1. To stop up, e.g., wells (2 K. 3:19, 25). 2. To close up, to keep secret (Dan. 8:26). Participle passive סָתוּם means something concealed or a secret (Ezek. 28:3).

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἐνέφραξαν ἐνέφραξεν αὐτὰ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5640b:

ἐνέφραξαν 3× (19.1%)

ἐνέφραξεν 2× (12.4%)

αὐτὰ 2× (10.4%)

תפלתי תְּפִלָּתִי׃

the prayer of myself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

תפלה

tᵉphillâh

Definition

intercession, supplication; by implication, a hymn

Root

from H6419 (פלל);

Exhaustive

from פלל; intercession, supplication; by implication, a hymn; prayer.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8605

י

Definition

my, personal posessive - noun suffix: 1st person common singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 1st person singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9020

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תְּפִלָּה

noun feminine • Root פלל • Strongs / High • Page 1527

(constr. תְּפִלַּת, plur. תְּפִלּוֹת; from פָּלַל II.) feminine, prayer, supplication. Used as a name for the temple Is. 56, 7. Also a peculiar kind of song in the Psalter Ps. 17, 1; 86, 1; 90, 1; 102, 1; 142, 1. The first two books of the Psalter (Ps. 1-72, 20) are termed תְּפִלּוֹת.

Noun common feminine singular construct, Suffix pronominal first person both singular

LXX: προσευχῆσ προσευχὴν προσευχὴ προσευχή προσευχήν

LXX Usage Statistics

H8605:

προσευχῆσ 21× (26.7%)

προσευχὴν 12× (15.6%)

προσευχὴ 10× (13.7%)

προσευχή 7× (8.6%)

προσευχήν 6× (8.0%)

προσευχῇ 5× (6.1%)

δέησιν 3× (3.6%)

'' 2× (2.5%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Also when I shall exclaim and cry out, he stopped my prayer.

LITV Translation:
Also, when I cry out and shout for help, He shuts out my prayer.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Yea, though I cry and shout, He shuts out my prayer.