Judges 20:33

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

וכל׀ וְכֹל׀

and every/all

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

כל

kôl

Definition

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

Root

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל);

Exhaustive

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3605

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּל

noun / masculine • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 695

Properly 'all, whole, totality'. 1. Used adjectivally to mean 'all' or 'the whole of', as in 'all the earth'. 2. Describes a plurality of individual persons or things, translated as 'all'.

כֹּל

substantive / adverb • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 696

A substantive meaning all, the whole, every, any. When used with a negative, it means none at all. It can also function as an adverb meaning wholly or altogether.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּל

chald. • Page 316

Same as Hebrew (all, every). Often appears with Makkeph as -כֹּל. References: Dan. 2:40, 4:9, 18, 25.

כֹּל

m. verbal • Root כלל • Page 315

A substantive meaning 'all', 'the whole', or 'totality'. Frequently used as an adjective (Jer. 33:8). 1. all. 2. every one.

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πάντα πᾶσ πάντεσ πᾶν πάντασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3605:

πάντα 921× (17.0%)

πᾶσ 451× (8.4%)

πάντεσ 441× (8.4%)

πᾶν 351× (6.5%)

πάντασ 297× (5.6%)

πᾶσαν 267× (4.9%)

πάντων 242× (4.4%)

πάσασ 230× (4.4%)

--- 227× (4.5%)

πᾶσα 214× (4.0%)

איש אִישׁ

a man/each one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

איש

ʼîysh

Definition

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

Root

contracted for H582 (אנוש) (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant);

Exhaustive

contracted for אנוש (or perhaps rather from an unused root meaning to be extant); a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation); also, another, any (man), a certain, [phrase] champion, consent, each, every (one), fellow, (foot-, husband-) man, (good-, great, mighty) man, he, high (degree), him (that is), husband, man(-kind), [phrase] none, one, people, person, [phrase] steward, what (man) soever, whoso(-ever), worthy. Compare אשה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H376

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אִישׁ

noun masculine • Root אש • Strongs_Numbers • Page 117

1. a man, prop. strong; generally a man with relation to strength, courage and valour; a husband; with reference to sex, male, masculine (applied to men and beasts).

אִישׁ

noun masculine • Root אנש • Strongs_Numbers • Page 119

Used distributively as 'any one', 'each', 'every one'; used reciprocally as 'one another' (lit. a man to his brother); also used to express an antithetic or additional member.

אִישׁ

noun masculine • Root אנש • Strongs_Numbers • Page 929

Man. Example of a word where Nun is absorbed, from an older form אִנְשׁ.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אִישׁ

m. prim. irreg. • Root אנש אנוש • Page 46

1. man, i. q. Lat. vir; used collectively; often in apposition before other substantives (e.g., אִישׁ סָרִיס an eunuch, Jer. 38:7). Used as a designation of sex, even in animals (Gen. 7:2); hence a husband (Gen. 3:16). 2. joined with substantives to denote a possessor of a quality (e.g., אִישׁ אָוֶן a wicked wretch). 3. followed by אָח or רֵעַ, 'the one... the other'. 4. any one, some one (Ex. 16:29). 5. every one (Ex. 16:29). 6. used impersonally like French 'on' or German 'man' (1 Sam. 9:9).

Noun common both singular construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0376:

No stats available

ישראל יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל

God-Contends

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ישראל

Yisrâʼêl

Definition

Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Root

from H8280 (שרה) and H410 (אל); he will rule as God;

Exhaustive

from שרה and אל; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity; Israel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3478

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root שרה • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name with multiple meanings: the patriarch Jacob; the Israelite people; an honorary title for the pious; the northern kingdom of Israel; the whole kingdom after the exile.

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root ישר • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name, meaning 'El is a true, honest one.' Described as a ground-form to יְשַׂרְאֵלָה.

Noun proper name

LXX: ισραηλ '' --- ιακωβ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3478:

ισραηλ 2245× (92.9%)

'' 57× (2.1%)

--- 50× (2.2%)

ισραηλ 8× (0.3%)

ιακωβ 4× (0.2%)

t? 4× (0.1%)

ιερουσαλημ 4× (0.2%)

[b] 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτου 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτιδοσ 3× (0.1%)

קמו קָ֚מוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

קום

qûwm

Definition

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative); abide, accomplish, [idiom] be clearer, confirm, continue, decree, [idiom] be dim, endure, [idiom] enemy, enjoin, get up, make good, help, hold, (help to) lift up (again), make, [idiom] but newly, ordain, perform, pitch, raise (up), rear (up), remain, (a-) rise (up) (again, against), rouse up, set (up), (e-) stablish, (make to) stand (up), stir up, strengthen, succeed, (as-, make) sure(-ly), (be) up(-hold, -rising).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6965

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קוּם

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1267

To be, to stand in a place, to stand fast, subsist, live, exist, rule (over a kingdom), endure, keep hold, remain, stand up, rise (from falling, kneeling, sitting, or generally), appear (as a witness or hostilely), succeed, prepare, or start up. Also metaphorically to be brought about (a plan, prediction, etc.) or to be firm/decided.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

קוּם

verb • Page 583

fut. יָקוּם. 1. to stand or get up, to rise, arise. Gen. 22: 3. Job 1: 20. With redundant dative קוּמִי לָךְ rise up, Cant. 2: 10. 2. to stand, in different relations; to last, endure. Job 15: 29. Amos 7: 2, 5. to continue, construed with לְ to a person, Lev. 25: 30. 3. to prosper, construed with בְּ. Job 22: 28. Is. 8: 10. 4. to come to pass, to be fulfilled, spoken of a prediction. Jer. 44: 28. 5. to be legal, valid; spoken e. g. of testimony, Deut. 19: 15; of a vow, Num. 30: 5 ff. 6. to stand by, assist, Ps. 94: 16. 7. to stand before, resist. Josh. 7: 13. 8. קָמוּ עֵינַיִם the eyes were fixed or set, 1 K. 14: 4. 9. pass. of Pi.

קוּם

verb • Page 584

1. to rise up. (Dan. 3:24). 2. to stand. (Dan. 3:3; 7:17).

Verb Qal perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἀνέστη ἀνάστηθι ἀναστὰσ ἀνέστησαν ἀνάστα

LXX Usage Statistics

H6965b:

ἀνέστη 97× (13.4%)

ἀνάστηθι 38× (6.0%)

ἀναστὰσ 35× (5.2%)

ἀνέστησαν 25× (3.4%)

ἀνάστα 17× (2.7%)

ἀνάστητε 17× (2.7%)

ἔστησεν 16× (2.2%)

'' 15× (2.0%)

ἀναστήσω 15× (2.1%)

ἀναστήσονται 10× (1.6%)

ממקומו מִמְּקוֹמוֹ

from the standing place of himself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מקום

mâqôwm

Definition

properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)

Root

or מקם; also (feminine) מקומה; or מקמה; from H6965 (קום);

Exhaustive

or מקם; also (feminine) מקומה; or מקמה; from קום; properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind); country, [idiom] home, [idiom] open, place, room, space, [idiom] whither(-soever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4725

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מָקוֹם

noun masculine • Root קום • Strongs / High • Page 899

A place, where one stands, remains; spot, place of abode, position, dwelling, place of honour, a stand, abiding-place, a firm place, land-possession, locality, territory; figuratively, position or condition of mind, composure.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מָקוֹם

com. gen. • Root קום • Page 401

A place. Gen. 1: 9; 24: 23, 25; 28: 11, 17; Job 16: 18. Particularly a dwelling place (Gen. 30: 25) or a city/village (Gen. 12: 6).

Prep-M, Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: τόπον τόπῳ τόπου τόποσ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H4725:

τόπον 144× (35.0%)

τόπῳ 91× (20.5%)

τόπου 72× (16.5%)

τόποσ 39× (10.1%)

'' 11× (2.7%)

αὐτῆσ 10× (1.7%)

τόπων 7× (1.6%)

---% 6× (1.0%)

--- 3× (0.9%)

τόπουσ 3× (0.7%)

ויערכו וַיַּעַרְכוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ערך

ʻârak

Definition

to set in a row, i.e. arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to set in a row, i.e. arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications); put (set) (the battle, self) in array, compare, direct, equal, esteem, estimate, expert (in war), furnish, handle, join (battle), ordain, (lay, put, reckon up, set) (in) order, prepare, tax, value.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6186

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עָרַךְ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1134

Tr. to place in a row, to set in order, to put in order. To prepare a table or war. To set a cause (self-defence) in order, to prepare words against one, to set over against, to compare with, to set an equal value upon, to outweigh, to establish. Hifil: to value, to estimate.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֶרֶךְ

noun masculine • Root ערך • Page 528

1. Whatever is arranged or put in order, a row (Ex. 40:23). 2. Armour (Job 41:4). 3. Valuation, estimation (Lev. 27:2). 4. Price of valuation, worth generally (Lev. 27:4, Job 28:13).

עָרַךְ

verb • Page 527

1. to set right, to arrange, prepare; e. g. the wood upon the altar, the shew-bread, the table for a feast, armour for battle. 2. to prepare or utter words.

עָרַךְ

verb • Page 528

To set in order, arrange. Sense 2: To put or set one’s self in battle-array (Judg. 20:30). Sense 3: To compare, liken (Is. 40:18). Sense 4: (Hiph.) To value, esteem, appraise (Job 36:19, Lev. 27:8).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: παρετάξαντο τιμήσεται παρετάξατο ἰσωθήσεται παρατάσσονται

LXX Usage Statistics

H6186a:

παρετάξαντο 10× (12.0%)

τιμήσεται 5× (6.3%)

παρετάξατο 4× (4.9%)

ἰσωθήσεται 3× (4.2%)

παρατάσσονται 3× (3.7%)

ἐπιστοιβάσουσιν 3× (3.5%)

--- 2× (2.8%)

παρατάξασθαι 2× (2.8%)

ἡτοίμασα 2× (2.8%)

---% 2× (1.9%)

בבעל בְּבַעַל

within the owner/lord

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בעל תמר

Baʻal Tâmâr

Definition

Baal-Tamar, a place in Palestine

Root

from H1167 (בעל) and H8558 (תמר); possessor of (the) palm-tree;

Exhaustive

from בעל and תמר; possessor of (the) palm-tree; Baal-Tamar, a place in Palestine; Baal-tamar.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1193

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֵל

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עלא • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Aramaic masculine noun, same as Hebrew מַעַל (the height, the upper); commonly used as a preposition with מִן following, meaning above or over.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עֵל

unknown • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

adjective / noun • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1088

Highest; same as עֶלְיוֹן. This form is abridged from עָלָה and derived from עָלַי (like יַד from יָדָה I.), serving as the construct form עֲלֵי (out of עֲלַאי).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition / adverb • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1088

A preposition: upon, over, above, super, in the widest sense. It expresses protecting, covering, resting above upon (answering to 'where'); motion toward the upper surface (answering to 'whither?'); local direction to a more distant agency; or proximity/timing ('with, at'). Used figuratively as dat. commodi and incommodi, meaning a burden or duty upon one, or with certain verbs replacing the dative case. Also expresses motion down upon or up to, sometimes interchanging with אֶל.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition / adverb • Consonantal / Low • Page 1089

Preposition or Adverb meaning upon, over, at, above (denoting physical overtopping or mental superiority/dominion); expressing addition (to, reckoned to); proximity (by, around); suitability (according to); or occasionally used concessively (though, quanquam).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition / particle / conjunction • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Properly, over, upon, concerning, notwithstanding, against, towards, for the sake of, on account of. Used to express position, antithesis, or distance (away from). After certain verbs, signifies giving way, removing, or fleeing. Also forms various compound particles (e.g., עַל-מָה, עַל-כֵּן, עַל אֲשֶׁר).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition (aramaic) • Root אלא • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew עַל. Means: Upon, over, on account of, unto, against, or dative. (Used with suffixes like עָלַי, עָלֵךְ, עֲלֵיהוֹן).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

noun / prepos. • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה, listed as a noun and a preposition.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָל

noun masculine • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1087

1. Most high (same as עֶלְיוֹן), hence God. Applied to idols ('no-god'). 2. The upper part, the height; hence above, i. e. in the height.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָל

unknown • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1096

The plural is used like קְדֹשִׁים &c. (comp. Ex. 19, 6).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עֹל

noun masculine • Root עלל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Masculine noun (also spelled עֹל). A round, roller-like object, specifically a yoke (bent cross-wood put on the neck of animals). Figuratively: servitude, dependence, oppression, and burdening.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בַּעַל תָּמָר

noun proper • Root בעל • Page 108

Literally 'place of palms'. Judg. 20: 33.

Preposition, Noun proper name

LXX: βααλθαμαρ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1193:

βααλθαμαρ 2× (100.0%)

תמר תָּמָר

palm tree

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בעל תמר

Baʻal Tâmâr

Definition

Baal-Tamar, a place in Palestine

Root

from H1167 (בעל) and H8558 (תמר); possessor of (the) palm-tree;

Exhaustive

from בעל and תמר; possessor of (the) palm-tree; Baal-Tamar, a place in Palestine; Baal-tamar.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1193

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֵל

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עלא • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Aramaic masculine noun, same as Hebrew מַעַל (the height, the upper); commonly used as a preposition with מִן following, meaning above or over.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עֵל

unknown • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

adjective / noun • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1088

Highest; same as עֶלְיוֹן. This form is abridged from עָלָה and derived from עָלַי (like יַד from יָדָה I.), serving as the construct form עֲלֵי (out of עֲלַאי).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition / adverb • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1088

A preposition: upon, over, above, super, in the widest sense. It expresses protecting, covering, resting above upon (answering to 'where'); motion toward the upper surface (answering to 'whither?'); local direction to a more distant agency; or proximity/timing ('with, at'). Used figuratively as dat. commodi and incommodi, meaning a burden or duty upon one, or with certain verbs replacing the dative case. Also expresses motion down upon or up to, sometimes interchanging with אֶל.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition / adverb • Consonantal / Low • Page 1089

Preposition or Adverb meaning upon, over, at, above (denoting physical overtopping or mental superiority/dominion); expressing addition (to, reckoned to); proximity (by, around); suitability (according to); or occasionally used concessively (though, quanquam).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition / particle / conjunction • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Properly, over, upon, concerning, notwithstanding, against, towards, for the sake of, on account of. Used to express position, antithesis, or distance (away from). After certain verbs, signifies giving way, removing, or fleeing. Also forms various compound particles (e.g., עַל-מָה, עַל-כֵּן, עַל אֲשֶׁר).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

preposition (aramaic) • Root אלא • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew עַל. Means: Upon, over, on account of, unto, against, or dative. (Used with suffixes like עָלַי, עָלֵךְ, עֲלֵיהוֹן).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עַל

noun / prepos. • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה, listed as a noun and a preposition.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָל

noun masculine • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1087

1. Most high (same as עֶלְיוֹן), hence God. Applied to idols ('no-god'). 2. The upper part, the height; hence above, i. e. in the height.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָל

unknown • Root עלה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1096

The plural is used like קְדֹשִׁים &c. (comp. Ex. 19, 6).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עֹל

noun masculine • Root עלל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1090

Masculine noun (also spelled עֹל). A round, roller-like object, specifically a yoke (bent cross-wood put on the neck of animals). Figuratively: servitude, dependence, oppression, and burdening.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בַּעַל תָּמָר

noun proper • Root בעל • Page 108

Literally 'place of palms'. Judg. 20: 33.

Noun proper name

LXX: βααλθαμαρ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1193:

βααλθαμαρ 2× (100.0%)

וארב וְאֹרֵב

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ארב

ʼârab

Definition

to lurk

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to lurk; (lie in) ambush(-ment), lay (lie in) wait.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H693

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָרַב

verb • Root ארב • Strongs_Numbers • Page 182

I. To bind, attach, weave; figuratively: to weave plots, to lurk, to lie in wait.

אָרַב

verb • Root ארב • Strongs_Numbers • Page 182

II. (not used) To browse; see אַרְבֶּה.

אָרַב

verb • Root ארב • Strongs_Numbers • Page 755

to lie in wait

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲרַב

proper name • Page 69

proper name of a city in the hilly country of Judah. Josh. 15: 52. Hence the gentile noun אֲרְבִי, 2 Sam. 23: 35.

אָרַב

verb • Page 69

1. strictly to tie, nectere. 2. figuratively to lay snares, to lie in ambush for any one. Deut. 19: 11, Prov. 1: 11, 18, 24: 15, Judg. 9: 34. etc.

Conjunction, Verb Qal participle active masculine singular construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0693:

No stats available

ישראל יִשְׂרָאֵל

God-Contends

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ישראל

Yisrâʼêl

Definition

Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Root

from H8280 (שרה) and H410 (אל); he will rule as God;

Exhaustive

from שרה and אל; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity; Israel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3478

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root שרה • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name with multiple meanings: the patriarch Jacob; the Israelite people; an honorary title for the pious; the northern kingdom of Israel; the whole kingdom after the exile.

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root ישר • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name, meaning 'El is a true, honest one.' Described as a ground-form to יְשַׂרְאֵלָה.

Noun proper name

LXX: ισραηλ '' --- ιακωβ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3478:

ισραηλ 2245× (92.9%)

'' 57× (2.1%)

--- 50× (2.2%)

ισραηλ 8× (0.3%)

ιακωβ 4× (0.2%)

t? 4× (0.1%)

ιερουσαλημ 4× (0.2%)

[b] 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτου 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτιδοσ 3× (0.1%)

מגיח מֵגִיחַ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

גיח

gîyach

Definition

to gush forth (as water), generally to issue

Root

or (shortened) גח; a primitive root;

Exhaustive

lemma גיח missing vowel, corrected to גיח; or (shortened) גח; a primitive root; to gush forth (as water), generally to issue; break forth, labor to bring forth, come forth, draw up, take out.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1518

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גִּיחַ

verb • Root גיח • Consonantal / Low • Page 320

(unused) transitive, same as גָּהָה II. and גּוּחַ.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

גִּיחַ

noun • Root גאה • Consonantal / Low • Page 320

An abridged segolate form, from גָּאָה = גָּיָה = גָּוַח; pause form is גָּיחַ, construct form is גִּיחַ.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

גִּיחַ

noun proper • Root גוח • Consonantal / Low • Page 321

A proper name of a place, meaning 'water-fall'.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

Verb Hiphil participle active masculine singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H1518:

No stats available

ממקמו מִמְּקֹמוֹ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מקום

mâqôwm

Definition

properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)

Root

or מקם; also (feminine) מקומה; or מקמה; from H6965 (קום);

Exhaustive

or מקם; also (feminine) מקומה; or מקמה; from קום; properly, a standing, i.e. a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind); country, [idiom] home, [idiom] open, place, room, space, [idiom] whither(-soever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4725

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מָקוֹם

noun masculine • Root קום • Strongs / High • Page 899

A place, where one stands, remains; spot, place of abode, position, dwelling, place of honour, a stand, abiding-place, a firm place, land-possession, locality, territory; figuratively, position or condition of mind, composure.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מָקוֹם

com. gen. • Root קום • Page 401

A place. Gen. 1: 9; 24: 23, 25; 28: 11, 17; Job 16: 18. Particularly a dwelling place (Gen. 30: 25) or a city/village (Gen. 12: 6).

Prep-M, Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: τόπον τόπῳ τόπου τόποσ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H4725:

τόπον 144× (35.0%)

τόπῳ 91× (20.5%)

τόπου 72× (16.5%)

τόποσ 39× (10.1%)

'' 11× (2.7%)

αὐτῆσ 10× (1.7%)

τόπων 7× (1.6%)

---% 6× (1.0%)

--- 3× (0.9%)

τόπουσ 3× (0.7%)

ממערה מִמַּעֲרֵה־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מערה

maʻăreh

Definition

a nude place, i.e. a common

Root

from H6168 (ערה);

Exhaustive

from ערה; a nude place, i.e. a common; meadows.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4629

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַעֲרֶה

noun feminine • Root ערה • Strongs / High • Page 888

forest, hence the name of a place in the neighbourhood of Geba.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מַעֲרֶה

noun masculine • Page 394

m. an open plain without wood. Judg. 20:33.

Prep-M, Noun common both singular construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H4629:

No stats available

גבע גָבַע׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

גבע

Gebaʻ

Definition

Geba, a place in Palestine

Root

from the same as H1375 (גביע), a hillock;

Exhaustive

from the same as גביע, a hillock; Geba, a place in Palestine; Gaba, Geba, Gibeah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1387

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גֶּבַע

proper name • Strongs / High • Page 298

1. proper name of a Levitical city in Benjamin. 2. another form of the proper name גִּבְעָה (Gibeah). 3. proper name of a city not far from Gibeah, near Ramah and Michmash.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גֶּבַע

proper name • Page 127

(height, hill) proper name of a Levitical city in the tribe of Benjamin, the northernmost boundary of Judea, Josh. 18: 24. 2 Sam. 5: 25. also called Geba of Benjamin, Judg. 20: 10. 1 K. 15: 22.

Noun proper name

LXX: γαβαα γαβεε ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H1387:

γαβαα 6× (30.7%)

γαβεε 3× (16.3%)

--- 2× (12.0%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And all the men of Israel rose up from his place and set in array against Baal-Tamar: and the ambush of Israel rushing forth from its place from the naked place of Gibeah.

LITV Translation:
And all the men of Israel rose from their place and set themselves in order at Baal-tamar. And Israel's ambush came out of its place, out of the meadow of Gibeah.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And all the men rose up out of their places, and engaged in Baal-tamar; and the liers in wait of Israel advanced from their place from Maareh-geba.