Joshua 8:22

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ואלה וְאֵלֶּה

the a mighty one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אלה

ʼâlâh

Definition

an imprecation

Root

from H422 (אלה);

Exhaustive

from אלה; an imprecation; curse, cursing, execration, oath, swearing.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H423

אלה

ʼêlâh

Definition

an oak or other strong tree

Root

feminine of H352 (איל);

Exhaustive

lemma אלה first vowel, corrected to אלה; feminine of איל; an oak or other strong tree; elm, oak, teil-tree.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H424

אלה

ʼêl-leh

Definition

these or those

Root

prolonged from H411 (אל);

Exhaustive

prolonged from אל; these or those; an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָלָה

verb • Root אל • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

I. 1. To be strong, powerful, stout (intr.); 2. To strengthen, to swear, confirm by an oath (tr.); 3. To curse (not used); 4. To be fat.

אָלָה

noun feminine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

1. An oath (allied in sense is שְׁבֻעָה); 2. A covenant confirmed by an oath; 3. Curse, imprecation, connected with exclamations of swearing.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֵלֶּה

pronoun • Page 51

these, employed as the plural of זֶה (zeh) and זאת (zot). Ref: Judg. 6:11, 19; 1 Sam. 17:2, 19; 2 Sam. 18:9, 14; Ezek. 31:14.

אֵלֶּה

chald. pron. plur. • Page 51

Chaldee equivalent of the Hebrew אֵלֶּה (these). Ref: Jer. 10:11.

אָלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אלה • Page 50

1. oath; 2. particularly a covenant confirmed by an oath (Gen. 26:28); 3. imprecation, curse (Num. 5:21).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

1. to swear (1 K. 8:31); 2. to curse (Judg. 17:2). Hiph. to cause to swear (1 K. 8:31).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

to lament (Joel 1:8). Equivalent to Syriac usage.

אֵלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אל • Page 50

turpentine-tree, pistacia terebinthus. A common tree in Palestine growing to considerable height with evergreen leaves and clustering fruit (Gen. 35:4).

Conjunction, Particle demonstrative

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0423:

No stats available

H0424:

No stats available

H0428:

No stats available

יצאו יָצְאוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יצא

yâtsâʼ

Definition

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.; [idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence, out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out), going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out, lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, [idiom] scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring out, stand out, [idiom] still, [idiom] surely, take forth (out), at any time, [idiom] to (and fro), utter.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3318

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָצָא

verb • Root יצא • Strongs / High • Page 631

intransitive verb, 1. expressing self-activity, to go out, to go forth.

יָצָא

verb • Root יצא • Strongs / High • Page 632

To go out, go forth, come out, proceed. It has a wide range of applications including to walk, to go to war, to travel, to be freed, to be born, to sprout, to arise, to appear, to escape, to be published or issued.

יָצָא

verb • Root יצא • Strongs / High • Page 929

A root that interchanges with נָצָה, showing y/n interchange.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָצָא

verb • Page 292

To go out, to go forth. Gen. 44:4, Amos 4:3. Special meanings: (1) to arise (sun/stars) Gen. 19:23; (2) to spring up (plants) Job 5:6; (3) to be begotten or descended from Gen. 17:6; (4) to expire, be finished (time) Ex. 23:16; (5) to become free Ex. 21:2; (6) to be laid out or expended (money) 2 K. 12:13; (7) to escape Ecc. 7:18.

Verb Qal perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἐξῆλθεν ἐξελεύσεται ἐξῆλθον ἐξήγαγεν ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H3318:

ἐξῆλθεν 178× (15.7%)

ἐξελεύσεται 78× (7.2%)

ἐξῆλθον 39× (3.4%)

ἐξήγαγεν 39× (3.5%)

'' 25× (2.1%)

ἐξελθεῖν 23× (1.9%)

αὐτοὺσ 23× (1.6%)

ἐξελεύσονται 22× (2.0%)

ἐκπορευόμενοσ 21× (1.7%)

ἐξήγαγον 19× (1.7%)

מן מִן־

from out of

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מן

min

Definition

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

Root

or מני; or מני; (constructive plural) (Isaiah 30:11); for H4482 (מן);

Exhaustive

or מני; or מני; (constructive plural) (Isaiah 30:11); for מן; properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses; above, after, among, at, because of, by (reason of), from (among), in, [idiom] neither, [idiom] nor, (out) of, over, since, [idiom] then, through, [idiom] whether, with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4480

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִן

m. / preposition • Root מנן • Strongs / High • Page 865

A part, portion. Also used as a preposition: from, of, out of.

מִן

preposition • Strongs / High • Page 866

A preposition with the primary meaning 'from'. It denotes separation, removal from an object, motion from a thing in space and time, origin, or a part taken from a whole. Its meanings include 'from', 'out of', 'away from', and it is used to indicate source material, descent, and in comparisons ('than').

מִן

preposition • Strongs / High • Page 867

A preposition primarily meaning 'from' or 'out of'. Its various uses include indicating: source or origin (from, by); cause or means (through, by); separation, removal, or avoidance (away from, without); and forming the comparative degree with adjectives and verbs, equivalent to 'than' (e.g., better than, wiser than). It can also denote preference (more than, instead of).

מִן

preposition • Root מן • Strongs / High • Page 868

A preposition primarily signifying separation, 'from' or 'out of'. Its uses include: denoting removal from a place, origin, or cause; in comparisons, meaning 'than'; in a partitive sense, meaning 'some of', 'one of', or 'a part of'; and in a temporal sense, meaning 'from' or 'since' a particular time. It also appears in negative formulas like 'of nothing' or 'not any one'.

מִן

preposition • Strongs / High • Page 869

A primary preposition with a wide range of meanings including: from, out of, away from (separation); since, after (temporal); because of, on account of (causal); used in a negative sense 'that not', especially with verbs of hindering or preventing.

מִן

preposition • Strongs / High • Page 870

A preposition primarily meaning 'from,' denoting source, separation, or position. It can express concepts such as 'from the opposite side,' 'from below,' 'from above,' 'out of,' 'away from,' and 'from under.'

מִן

aram. prep. (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 870

Aramaic preposition, same as the Hebrew מִן. 1. from, denoting the source whence a thing comes or the cause by which. 2. expressing intensity or increase, meaning 'above' or 'more than'. 3. used in a partitive sense.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִן

prefix • Root מנן , • Page 383

1. from (denoting a part). Hence: from the womb (Judg. 16:17); on this side of (1 Sam. 20:21). Often partitive: 'some of' (Lev. 5:9). 2. of, out of (Ps. 45:14). 3. at, in, on, by, in specifications of time and place. 4. on account of, concerning, de (Lev. 6:11 [6:18]).

מִן

unknown • Root מן • Page 350

Out of, from. See the full form מִן.

מִן

preposition • Page 384

A preposition with multiple uses on this page including: 5. towards, to (Gen. 13:11, Judg. 7:1); 6. against (Dan. 11:3, Deut. 33:7); 7. before, in presence of (Nah. 1:5, Num. 32:22); 8. more than (comparative) (Judg. 2:19, Jer. 5:3); 9. by, through (expressing cause) (Job 7:14, Cant. 3:10, Ecc. 12:11); 10. without (Job 11:15, 21:9); 11. before an infinitive expressing 'because', 'since', or 'so that... not' (Deut. 7:8, 2 Chr. 31:10, Gen. 27:1, Ex. 14:5); 12. before a future as a conjunction 'that not', 'lest' (Deut. 33:11); 13. [cut off] from being (Jer. 2:25, 48:2).

מִן

m. plur. מִנִּים • Page 383

a string. Ps. 150:4. Perhaps also Ps. 45:9 מִנִּי as an uncommon plural form.

מַן

chald. pron. • Page 383

1. who? what? Ezra 5:3, 9. Dan. 3:15. 2. מַן־דִּי whosoever, quicunque. Dan. 3:6, 11. 4:14. [4:17.]

Preposition

LXX: ἀπὸ ἐκ ἀπ' ἐμοῦ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H4480a:

ἀπὸ 252× (23.4%)

ἐκ 244× (22.7%)

ἀπ' 136× (12.6%)

ἐμοῦ 65× (5.0%)

'' 43× (3.4%)

αὐτῆσ 42× (3.3%)

--- 32× (3.0%)

ἀφ' 17× (1.6%)

παρὰ 16× (1.5%)

παρ' 14× (1.3%)

העיר הָעִיר

the City

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עיר

ʻîyr

Definition

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Root

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור)

Exhaustive

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5892

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1061

Proper name masculine meaning 'one setting up, strengthening'.

עִיר

noun feminine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1083

1. An enclosed, fenced place, proceeding from the verb-idea 'to fence round, encircle, enclose'; hence town, city. 2. dwelling.

עִיר

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1084

1. A tower, a castle, a tower of watch; 2. A city generally, also a village, hamlet, or encampment; 3. Part of a city; 4. Metaphor for the inhabitants of a city.

עִיר

noun masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

Heat, anger, wrath.

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A proper name (a man mentioned in 1 Chr. 7, 12).

עִיר

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A watcher (Aram.), referring to archangels, good angels, or fallen ones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֵעִיר

verb • Root עור • Page 498

1. To awaken from sleep. Zech. 4:1. 2. To stir up (e.g., the leviathan). Job 41:2; Deut. 32:11. 3. intrans. to awake. Ps. 35:23; Job 8:6.

עִיר

noun feminine • Page 505

I. a city. References include city of God (Ps. 46: 5), the holy city (Neh. 11: 1), and several proper names like city of salt and city of palms (Jericho).

עִיר

noun • Page 505

II. perhaps anger, hostile attack. Jer. 15:8; Hos. 11:9. Comp. Arab. med. Vav to attack, assault.

עִיר

m. chald. • Page 505

a watcher, a name of angels in the later Jewish demonology, so called because they watch over the souls of men. Dan. 4: 10, 14, 20.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: πόλεισ πόλιν πόλεωσ πόλει πόλισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5892b:

πόλεισ 250× (22.9%)

πόλιν 200× (17.5%)

πόλεωσ 192× (17.0%)

πόλει 120× (9.9%)

πόλισ 83× (7.5%)

πόλεσιν 76× (6.1%)

πόλεων 50× (4.4%)

'' 35× (3.1%)

--- 26× (2.7%)

pεἰσ 16× (1.7%)

לקראתם לִקְרָאתָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

קרא

qârâʼ

Definition

to encounter, whether accidentally or in a hostile manner

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to encounter, whether accidentally or in a hostile manner; befall, (by) chance, (cause to) come (upon), fall out, happen, meet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7122

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קָרָא

verb • Root קרא • Strongs / High • Page 755

to call

קָרָא

verb • Root קרא • Strongs / High • Page 1292

To cry, raise the voice loud, call, cry out (intr.); to call upon, implore God; to proclaim, announce, preach; to praise, celebrate aloud; to name, assign a name (trans.).

קָרָא

verb • Root קרא • Strongs / High • Page 1293

To call (to name, to be named); to call together, to invite (to an assembly or feast); to summon (for defense or tribunal); to call forth, to appoint; to choose; to read aloud, to proclaim. (Nif'al: To be called, celebrated, named, read, or reckoned as belonging to someone).

קָרָא

verb • Root קרא • Strongs / High • Page 1293

(Pi'el: קֵרֵא) To strike upon or hit against a thing; hence to meet, to happen, to befall. (Nif'al: נִקְרָא) To go or come to one, to encounter a person (accidentally), to be met with, to meet by chance, to happen. (Hif'il: הִקְרִיאָ) To cause to happen or befall, misfortune.

קָרָא

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1294

To call, summon, invite; to proclaim, publish; to read; to name.

קָרָא

verb qal • Root קרא • Strongs / High • Page 1293

To call, call out, cry, proclaim; to call together, convoke; to invite; to summon (to tribunal); to call forth, appoint; to call into existence; to choose; to name or be called; to read aloud, declaim.

קָרָא

verb • Root קרא • Strongs / High • Page 1293

To be called, chosen, to be named.

קָרָא

verb qal • Root קרא • Strongs / High • Page 1293

II. Properly to strike upon or hit against a thing; hence to meet, to happen, to befall (with a double accusative).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

קָרָא

verb • Page 593

I. to call. Subordinate significations include: (1) to call a person or thing; (2) to call out to any one (Is. 6:3); (3) to call on for help (Ps. 4:4); (4) to call together, an assembly (Joel 1:14); (5) to invite, bid (1 Sam. 9:13); (6) to announce, proclaim (Joel 4:9); (7) to celebrate, praise (Prov. 20:6); (8) to call, choose, appoint (Is. 42:6); (9) to invoke or praise the name of Jehovah (Gen. 4:26).

קָרָא

verb • Page 594

Continuation of previous entry: 2. to name; construed with an accus. of the name and a dative of the person or thing (Gen. 1:5, 4:26). 3. to read (Ex. 24:7, Deut. 17:19). Niph: 1. to be called (Jer. 44:26); 2. to be named (Gen. 2:23, 1 Sam. 9:9). Pu: 1. to be called (Ezek. 10:13); 2. to be named (Is. 48:12, 65:1).

קָרָא

verb • Root קרה • Page 594

II. i.q. קָרָה to meet or befal a person, spoken of an event or destiny (Gen. 49:1, 42:4). Infinitive לִקְרַאת used as a preposition meaning to meet (Gen. 46:29, Ex. 4:27) or over against (Gen. 15:10). Niph: to meet, spoken of persons (Ex. 5:3) or things (Deut. 22:6). Hiph: to cause to happen (Jer. 32:23).

Preposition, Verb Qal infinitive construct common, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: συνάντησιν ἀπαντὴν ἀπάντησιν ἐναντίασ αὐτοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7122:

συνάντησιν 43× (27.1%)

ἀπαντὴν 21× (13.3%)

ἀπάντησιν 19× (11.9%)

ἐναντίασ 8× (5.1%)

αὐτοῖσ 8× (4.2%)

ἡμῖν 6× (3.2%)

συνάντησίν 5× (3.2%)

ἀπαντήσει 3× (2.0%)

ἀπάντησίν 3× (1.9%)

αὐτῆσ 3× (1.6%)

ויהיו וַיִּהְיוּ

and they are becoming

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

היה

hâyâh

Definition

to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

Root

a primitive root (compare H1933 (הוא));

Exhaustive

a primitive root (compare הוא); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary); beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1961

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 397

To be, to exist, to live, to become. A substantive verb used to unite a subject and predicate. It can also mean to happen, to arise, or to belong to. Used in a wide variety of grammatical constructions.

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 591

To be, to become, to exist. The common Hebrew verb for 'to be', considered the root of the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הַיָּה

noun feminine • Page 185

Keri הַוָּה suffering, calamity. Job 6: 2; 30: 13.

הָיָה

verb • Page 184

1. To be (Ex. 20:3, Num. 10:31, etc.); 2. to become (Ex. 4:4, Hos. 3:3, etc.); 3. to happen (Is. 19:15).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: ἔσται ἐγένετο ἦν ἐγενήθη ἔσονται

LXX Usage Statistics

H1961:

ἔσται 827× (22.9%)

ἐγένετο 634× (16.8%)

ἦν 280× (7.9%)

ἐγενήθη 215× (5.8%)

ἔσονται 160× (4.5%)

ἦσαν 134× (3.8%)

ἐγένοντο 83× (2.3%)

'' 74× (1.9%)

--- 73× (2.2%)

εἶναι 67× (1.7%)

לישראל לְיִשְׂרָאֵל

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ישראל

Yisrâʼêl

Definition

Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Root

from H8280 (שרה) and H410 (אל); he will rule as God;

Exhaustive

from שרה and אל; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity; Israel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3478

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root שרה • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name with multiple meanings: the patriarch Jacob; the Israelite people; an honorary title for the pious; the northern kingdom of Israel; the whole kingdom after the exile.

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root ישר • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name, meaning 'El is a true, honest one.' Described as a ground-form to יְשַׂרְאֵלָה.

Preposition, Noun proper name

LXX: ισραηλ '' --- ιακωβ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3478:

ισραηλ 2245× (92.9%)

'' 57× (2.1%)

--- 50× (2.2%)

ισραηλ 8× (0.3%)

ιακωβ 4× (0.2%)

t? 4× (0.1%)

ιερουσαλημ 4× (0.2%)

[b] 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτου 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτιδοσ 3× (0.1%)

בתוך בַּתָּוֶךְ

in the center

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

תוך

tâvek

Definition

a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre

Root

from an unused root meaning to sever;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to sever; a bisection, i.e. (by implication) the centre; among(-st), [idiom] between, half, [idiom] (there-, where-), in(-to), middle, mid(-night), midst (among), [idiom] out (of), [idiom] through, [idiom] with(-in).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8432

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תָּוֶךְ

m. / prepos. • Strongs / High • Page 1503

m. the point of separation, the middle, space between, centre NUM. 35, 5. Used as a preposition: in the midst, within, through, between, among. (e.g., אֶל־תּוֹךְ into EX. 14, 23, בְּתֹוְךְ in the midst 1 KINGS 6, 19).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תָּוֶךְ

m. const. • Page 709

the middle, the midst. Gen. 35: 2. Lev. 20: 14. 1 Sam. 9: 14. Ezek. 9: 4.

תּוֹךְ

noun • Page 709

i. q. תֹּךְ oppression, q. v.

Preposition -Within Art, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: μέσῳ μέσου μέσον αὐτῆσ ἐν

LXX Usage Statistics

H8432:

μέσῳ 193× (43.8%)

μέσου 55× (12.5%)

μέσον 36× (8.4%)

αὐτῆσ 24× (4.6%)

ἐν 19× (5.1%)

ὑμῖν 16× (3.6%)

αὐτοῖσ 10× (2.3%)

'' 10× (2.3%)

ἀνὰ 8× (2.1%)

ἐκ 8× (2.2%)

אלה אֵלֶּה

these/mighty-one/goddess

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אלה

ʼâlâh

Definition

an imprecation

Root

from H422 (אלה);

Exhaustive

from אלה; an imprecation; curse, cursing, execration, oath, swearing.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H423

אלה

ʼêlâh

Definition

an oak or other strong tree

Root

feminine of H352 (איל);

Exhaustive

lemma אלה first vowel, corrected to אלה; feminine of איל; an oak or other strong tree; elm, oak, teil-tree.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H424

אלה

ʼêl-leh

Definition

these or those

Root

prolonged from H411 (אל);

Exhaustive

prolonged from אל; these or those; an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָלָה

verb • Root אל • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

I. 1. To be strong, powerful, stout (intr.); 2. To strengthen, to swear, confirm by an oath (tr.); 3. To curse (not used); 4. To be fat.

אָלָה

noun feminine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

1. An oath (allied in sense is שְׁבֻעָה); 2. A covenant confirmed by an oath; 3. Curse, imprecation, connected with exclamations of swearing.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֵלֶּה

pronoun • Page 51

these, employed as the plural of זֶה (zeh) and זאת (zot). Ref: Judg. 6:11, 19; 1 Sam. 17:2, 19; 2 Sam. 18:9, 14; Ezek. 31:14.

אֵלֶּה

chald. pron. plur. • Page 51

Chaldee equivalent of the Hebrew אֵלֶּה (these). Ref: Jer. 10:11.

אָלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אלה • Page 50

1. oath; 2. particularly a covenant confirmed by an oath (Gen. 26:28); 3. imprecation, curse (Num. 5:21).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

1. to swear (1 K. 8:31); 2. to curse (Judg. 17:2). Hiph. to cause to swear (1 K. 8:31).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

to lament (Joel 1:8). Equivalent to Syriac usage.

אֵלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אל • Page 50

turpentine-tree, pistacia terebinthus. A common tree in Palestine growing to considerable height with evergreen leaves and clustering fruit (Gen. 35:4).

Particle demonstrative

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0423:

No stats available

H0424:

No stats available

H0428:

No stats available

מזה מִזֶּה

from this one/side

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

זה

zeh

Definition

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that; he, [idiom] hence, [idiom] here, it(-self), [idiom] now, [idiom] of him, the one...the other, [idiom] than the other, ([idiom] out of) the (self) same, such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on that side, [idiom] thus, very, which. Compare זאת, זה, זו, זו.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2088

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זֶה

demonstrative pronoun / relative pronoun / particle • Root ז • Strongs / High • Page 425

A multi-purpose word. I. As a demonstrative pronoun: this, referring to what is present. II. As a relative pronoun: who, that, which. III. As a demonstrative particle appended to interrogatives for emphasis, or to denote manner ('how'), location ('here', 'there'), or time ('now', 'just now').

זֶה

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 425

A collateral form of שֶׂה (lamb or sheep), found only in 1 Samuel 17:34.

זֶה

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 427

A demonstrative pronoun ('this') or relative pronoun ('that which'), used without distinction of gender or number. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter antecedents.

זֶה

pronominal stem • Strongs / High • Page 431

(pronominal stem; not used) pron. demonstr. same as זֶה, forming with a prosthetic the time-particle אָז, which form also exists in the Aramaean אֱדַיִן.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֹזֶה

verb • Page 184

To dream, to speak in one’s sleep (Is. 56:10).

זֶה

pronoun • Page 197

1. this. When doubled, one...the other, 1 K. 22:20, Is. 6:3. Sometimes implies contempt, like the Greek οὗτος, Ex. 32:1. 2. more rarely in poetry as a relative, who, like the Germ. der. Ps. 104:8. 3. here, for בָּזֶה in hoc scil. loco. Gen. 28:17. Hence מִזֶּה, hence, 37:17.

Prep-M, Particle demonstrative

LXX: τοῦτο τοῦτον οὗτοσ τούτου τούτῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2088:

τοῦτο 223× (14.4%)

τοῦτον 126× (8.3%)

οὗτοσ 96× (6.2%)

τούτου 95× (6.1%)

τούτῳ 74× (4.9%)

'' 63× (3.5%)

ταύτησ 56× (3.6%)

ταύτῃ 52× (3.2%)

'' 39× (2.2%)

αὕτη 39× (2.6%)

ואלה וְאֵלֶּה

the a mighty one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אלה

ʼâlâh

Definition

an imprecation

Root

from H422 (אלה);

Exhaustive

from אלה; an imprecation; curse, cursing, execration, oath, swearing.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H423

אלה

ʼêlâh

Definition

an oak or other strong tree

Root

feminine of H352 (איל);

Exhaustive

lemma אלה first vowel, corrected to אלה; feminine of איל; an oak or other strong tree; elm, oak, teil-tree.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H424

אלה

ʼêl-leh

Definition

these or those

Root

prolonged from H411 (אל);

Exhaustive

prolonged from אל; these or those; an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָלָה

verb • Root אל • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

I. 1. To be strong, powerful, stout (intr.); 2. To strengthen, to swear, confirm by an oath (tr.); 3. To curse (not used); 4. To be fat.

אָלָה

noun feminine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

1. An oath (allied in sense is שְׁבֻעָה); 2. A covenant confirmed by an oath; 3. Curse, imprecation, connected with exclamations of swearing.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֵלֶּה

pronoun • Page 51

these, employed as the plural of זֶה (zeh) and זאת (zot). Ref: Judg. 6:11, 19; 1 Sam. 17:2, 19; 2 Sam. 18:9, 14; Ezek. 31:14.

אֵלֶּה

chald. pron. plur. • Page 51

Chaldee equivalent of the Hebrew אֵלֶּה (these). Ref: Jer. 10:11.

אָלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אלה • Page 50

1. oath; 2. particularly a covenant confirmed by an oath (Gen. 26:28); 3. imprecation, curse (Num. 5:21).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

1. to swear (1 K. 8:31); 2. to curse (Judg. 17:2). Hiph. to cause to swear (1 K. 8:31).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

to lament (Joel 1:8). Equivalent to Syriac usage.

אֵלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אל • Page 50

turpentine-tree, pistacia terebinthus. A common tree in Palestine growing to considerable height with evergreen leaves and clustering fruit (Gen. 35:4).

Conjunction, Particle demonstrative

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0423:

No stats available

H0424:

No stats available

H0428:

No stats available

מזה מִזֶּה

from this one/side

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

זה

zeh

Definition

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that; he, [idiom] hence, [idiom] here, it(-self), [idiom] now, [idiom] of him, the one...the other, [idiom] than the other, ([idiom] out of) the (self) same, such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on that side, [idiom] thus, very, which. Compare זאת, זה, זו, זו.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2088

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זֶה

demonstrative pronoun / relative pronoun / particle • Root ז • Strongs / High • Page 425

A multi-purpose word. I. As a demonstrative pronoun: this, referring to what is present. II. As a relative pronoun: who, that, which. III. As a demonstrative particle appended to interrogatives for emphasis, or to denote manner ('how'), location ('here', 'there'), or time ('now', 'just now').

זֶה

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 425

A collateral form of שֶׂה (lamb or sheep), found only in 1 Samuel 17:34.

זֶה

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 427

A demonstrative pronoun ('this') or relative pronoun ('that which'), used without distinction of gender or number. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter antecedents.

זֶה

pronominal stem • Strongs / High • Page 431

(pronominal stem; not used) pron. demonstr. same as זֶה, forming with a prosthetic the time-particle אָז, which form also exists in the Aramaean אֱדַיִן.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֹזֶה

verb • Page 184

To dream, to speak in one’s sleep (Is. 56:10).

זֶה

pronoun • Page 197

1. this. When doubled, one...the other, 1 K. 22:20, Is. 6:3. Sometimes implies contempt, like the Greek οὗτος, Ex. 32:1. 2. more rarely in poetry as a relative, who, like the Germ. der. Ps. 104:8. 3. here, for בָּזֶה in hoc scil. loco. Gen. 28:17. Hence מִזֶּה, hence, 37:17.

Prep-M, Particle demonstrative

LXX: τοῦτο τοῦτον οὗτοσ τούτου τούτῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2088:

τοῦτο 223× (14.4%)

τοῦτον 126× (8.3%)

οὗτοσ 96× (6.2%)

τούτου 95× (6.1%)

τούτῳ 74× (4.9%)

'' 63× (3.5%)

ταύτησ 56× (3.6%)

ταύτῃ 52× (3.2%)

'' 39× (2.2%)

αὕτη 39× (2.6%)

ויכו וַיַּכּוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

נכה

nâkâh

Definition

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively); beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5221

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָכָה

verb • Root נך • Strongs / High • Page 969

(Kal not used) tr. to strike, to hurt, to injure, hence to destroy, to kill; figurat. to strike down, to vex. Nif. (נִכָּה) to be smitten or slain. Pih. (נִכָּה) to smite, to make war upon. Puh. (נֻכָּה) to be smitten.

נָכָה

verb • Root נכה • Strongs / High • Page 970

To be smitten, to be beaten down. Hif. (הִכָּה): to strike, smite, chastise, torment, punish, kill, tear in pieces, destroy, afflict. Hof. (הֻכָּה, pass. of Hif.): to be beaten, chastised, punished, visited, killed, stormed, conquered.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נָכָה

verb • Page 442

in Kal not used.

conjunctive, Verb Hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: ἐπάταξεν ἐπάταξαν αὐτοὺσ πατάξῃ πατάξω

LXX Usage Statistics

H5221:

ἐπάταξεν 157× (28.3%)

ἐπάταξαν 38× (6.9%)

αὐτοὺσ 29× (4.3%)

πατάξῃ 19× (3.4%)

πατάξω 18× (3.4%)

πατάξαι 17× (3.3%)

'' 14× (2.4%)

ἐπάταξα 11× (2.1%)

ἐπάταξασ 11× (2.2%)

πατάξεισ 10× (1.8%)

אותם אוֹתָם

sign of themselves

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אות

ʼôwth

Definition

a signal (literally or figuratively), as aflag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.

Root

probably from H225 (אות) (in the sense of appearing);

Exhaustive

probably from אות (in the sense of appearing); a signal (literally or figuratively), as aflag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.; mark, miracle, (en-) sign, token.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H226

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אוֹת

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 85

Properly the writing or sign engraved, indented; hence 1. a character, sign, mark; 2. covenant-sign, in full אוֹת בְּרִית.

אוֹת

noun • Strongs_Numbers • Page 86

Symbol, sanctuaries; military standard of single tribes, flag; time-sign for marking portions of time; omen and prodigy, a sign of something future; memorial, a monument.

אוֹת

noun masculine • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 86

Properly the being, existence, essence, body, hence person; self; used as a pronoun for emphasis; functions as a particle (accusative marker) to emphasize or make prominent the subject or object.

אוֹת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Alternative form of the accusative particle אֵת, often used when suffixes are attached or in plene writing.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אוֹת

verb • Page 35

To consent. References: 2 K. 12:9; Gen. 34:15, 22, 23.

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אוֹת

noun masculine • Page 34

A sign, flag, or standard (Num. 2:2); a memorial, pledge, or covenant (Gen. 17:11, Ex. 31:13); a token, omen, or prediction of a future event (Ex. 3:12, 1 Sam. 2:34); an emblem or symbol. Plural: אוֹתוֹת.

Direct object eternal self, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0226:

No stats available

H0853:

No stats available

עד עַד־

until/perpetually/witness

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עד

ʻad

Definition

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

Root

properly, the same as H5703 (עד) (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition);

Exhaustive

properly, the same as עד (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with); against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5704

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַד

particle • Strongs / High • Page 1053

A particle expressing continuance, progress, or duration; until, unto, as far as, up to, during, even, exceedingly. Denotes limits in space, time (till now, forever), or degree (highest limit).

עַד

noun • Root עדה ערה • Strongs / High • Page 1053

Progress, advance (in space); duration, perpetuitas; hence, eternity, perpetuity, everlasting.

עַד

adverb / preposition • Root עוד • Strongs / High • Page 1060

Adverb: again, once more (repetition); continuedly, continually (continuance of action); longer, further, advanced state. Also Preposition/Conjunction: till, now, during (a time), while still.

עַד

preposition / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 1054

1. (Of space) To, unto, as far as, even to; also like, as. 2. (Of time/Conj.) Till now, whilst that, until, so that, to the degree that. 3. (Particle) Even (used to intensify meaning).

עַד

noun masculine • Root עדה • Strongs / High • Page 1054

Booty, spoil (parallel to plunder).

עַד

noun masculine • Root עדה • Strongs / High • Page 1054

Dress, ornament (found only in proper names).

עַד

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1054

Witness, testimony (collateral form of עֵד).

עַד

aram. prep. (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 1054

(Aramaic, same as Hebr. עַד 2) During, until, till at the last; to the intent that.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַד

m. subst. / preposition / conj. • Root עדה • Page 491

1. as a subst. eternity, duration. Ps. 9: 19. 19: 10. 2. as a subst. booty, prey. Gen. 49: 27. 3. as a prep. unto, until, spoken of time and space. Hab. 1: 2. 4. as a prep. during, while. Judg. 3: 26. 5. as a conj. until, construed with a pret. Josh.

עַד

chald. prep. and conj. • Page 492

As in Hebrew (preceding page).

Preposition

LXX: ἕωσ εἰσ '' ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H5704:

ἕωσ 1013× (78.3%)

εἰσ 28× (2.2%)

'' 26× (1.7%)

--- 24× (1.9%)

ἕωσ 22× (1.7%)

μέχρι 12× (0.9%)

ἔτι 11× (0.8%)

ἐπὶ 9× (0.7%)

dἕωσ 7× (0.5%)

πρὸσ 7× (0.6%)

בלתי בִּלְתִּי

I have been mixed/except

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בלתי

biltîy

Definition

properly, a failure of, i.e. (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because not, until, etc.

Root

constructive feminine of H1086 (בלה) (equivalent to H1097 (בלי));

Exhaustive

constructive feminine of בלה (equivalent to בלי); properly, a failure of, i.e. (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because not, until, etc.; because un(satiable), beside, but, [phrase] continual, except, from, lest, neither, no more, none, not, nothing, save, that no, without.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1115

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

לְבִלְתִּי

adverb • Consonantal / Medium • Page 758

in want of, hence not.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בִּלְתִּי

substantive • Page 102

perhaps properly a subst. sep-

בִּלְתִּי

adv. / preposition / conj. • Root בלה • Page 103

Derived from בָּלָה. 1. adv. not (1 Sam. 20:26). 2. prep. without, besides, except (Gen. 21:26, Ex. 22:19, Num. 11:6). 3. except, unless, usually after a preceding negation (Gen. 47:18, Judg. 7:14, Am. 3:3, 4). 4. conj. unless, besides that (Gen. 43:3, Dan. 11:18). Also occurs in combinations: לְבִלְתִּי (before an infinitive meaning 'not to' or 'lest', Gen 3:11, Ruth 2:9); מִבִּלְתִּי ('since not', Num. 14:16); עַד־בִּלְתִּי ('till not', Num. 21:35, Josh. 8:22).

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: παράπαν ὅπωσ καθόλου μὴ πλὴν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1115:

παράπαν 6× (11.3%)

ὅπωσ 5× (11.1%)

καθόλου 5× (9.8%)

μὴ 4× (8.9%)

πλὴν 4× (8.9%)

ἐὰν 4× (8.2%)

'' 4× (7.5%)

ἀλλ' 3× (6.7%)

השאיר הִשְׁאִיר־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שאר

shâʼar

Definition

properly, to swell up, i.e. be (causatively, make) redundant

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to swell up, i.e. be (causatively, make) redundant; leave, (be) left, let, remain, remnant, reserve, the rest.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7604

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁאַר

verb • Root שאר • Strongs / High • Page 1369

(I) To be left, to remain. Hifil (הִשְׁאִיר): to let remain, to leave; also intransitive to be left.

שָׁאַר

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1369

(II, not used intr.) To swell, to be thick, of the growth of full flesh. Related to בָּשָׂר III.

שָׁאַר

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1369

(III, not used intr.) To ferment, to swell up, of dough; also applied to anger.

שָׁאַר

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1369

(IV, not used intr.) Same as שָׁאַר III.

שָׁאַר

verb (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 1369

(V, not used Aram.) Same as Hebrew שָׁאַר I: to be left, to remain.

שָׁאַר

unknown • Strongs / High • Page 1363

Example used in comparison of sibilants.

שָׁאַר

unknown • Strongs / High • Page 1363

Example used in comparison of sibilants (flat t-sound).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁאַר

verb • Page 649

To remain. Niph. 1. to remain, to be left. 2. to continue, to be kept back. Hiph. 1. to let remain, to leave. 2. to leave behind. 3. intrans. to be left, to remain.

Verb Hiphil perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: κατελείφθη --- καταλιπεῖν ὑπελείφθη ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H7604:

κατελείφθη 15× (11.7%)

--- 8× (6.4%)

καταλιπεῖν 6× (4.6%)

ὑπελείφθη 5× (4.0%)

'' 5× (3.4%)

καταλειφθῆναι 4× (3.2%)

ὑπολειφθήσονται 4× (3.2%)

κατέλιπεν 4× (3.1%)

κατελείφθησαν 3× (2.3%)

κατέλιπον 3× (2.4%)

לו לוֹ

to himself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ו

Definition

him, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9033

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

וְ

prefix • Root היה • Page 195

A prefix, as in וַיִּקְתֹּל (he killed). Usually called Vav conversivum futuri. It is most probably a contraction of the old form הָוָה or הָוֵי i. q. הָיָה.

וְ

conj. and prefix • Page 194

Vav copulativum. Signifies a nail, peg, hook. Used as: 1. merely connective (and, also); 2. adversative (but, yet - Gen. 17:21); 3. illative (since, wherefore - Gen. 26:27, Ruth 1:21); 4. causal (for - Gen. 20:3, Is. 39:1); 5. to express result/consequence (that - Num. 23:19).

Preposition -For/Into Art, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

שריד שָׂרִיד

a survivor

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שריד

sârîyd

Definition

a survivor

Root

from H8277 (שרד);

Exhaustive

from שרד; a survivor; [idiom] alive, left, remain(-ing), remnant, rest.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8300

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׂרִיד

noun masculine • Root שרד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1483

(pl. שְׂרִידִים, c. שְׂרִידֵי, with suff. שְׂרִידִי, from שָׂרַד III.) m. 1. prop. the separated; hence remnant, what is left, a survivor.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׂרִיד

noun masculine • Root שרד • Page 644

One surviving or escaping (after a general overthrow,) i.q. פָּלִיט. Num. 21:35; 24:19; Deut. 3:3; Josh. 8:22; Is. 1:9; Job 20:21.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: διασεσῳσμένοσ διασεσῳσμένον σπέρμα ζωγρείαν σεσῳσμένον

LXX Usage Statistics

H8300:

διασεσῳσμένοσ 3× (11.3%)

διασεσῳσμένον 2× (7.5%)

σπέρμα 2× (7.5%)

ζωγρείαν 2× (7.5%)

σεσῳσμένον 2× (7.5%)

οὐθεὶσ 2× (7.5%)

ופליט וּפָלִיט׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

פליט

pâlîyṭ

Definition

a refugee

Root

or פליט; or פלט; from H6403 (פלט);

Exhaustive

or פליט; or פלט; from פלט; a refugee; (that have) escape(-d, -th), fugitive.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6412

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הִפְלִיט

verb • Root פלט • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1171

Hif. to bring into safety; booty.

Matched via consonantal key only

Conjunction, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ἀνασῳζόμενοσ ἀνασῳζομένουσ ἀνασῳζόμενοι διασεσῳσμένοι

LXX Usage Statistics

H6412a:

ἀνασῳζόμενοσ 3× (13.1%)

ἀνασῳζομένουσ 2× (8.5%)

ἀνασῳζόμενοι 2× (8.5%)

διασεσῳσμένοι 2× (7.8%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And these will go forth from the city to their meeting; and they will be to Israel in the midst of these from hence, and these from thence: and they will smite them till none were left to them fleeing and escaping.

LITV Translation:
And the others came out from the city to meet them. and they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that. And they struck them until not was left to them a survivor, not one that escaped.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And these came forth out of the city to meet them; and they were in the midst of the army, some being on this side, and some on that; and they smote them until there was not left of them one who survived and escaped.