Joshua 19:39

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

זאת זֹ֗את

this one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זאת

zôʼth

Definition

this (often used adverb)

Root

irregular feminine of H2089 (זה);

Exhaustive

irregular feminine of זה; this (often used adverb); hereby (-in, -with), it, likewise, the one (other, same), she, so (much), such (deed), that, therefore, these, this (thing), thus.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2063

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זֹאת

pronoun / demonstrative / feminine • Root זה • Strongs / High • Page 422

A feminine demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this'. It is also used as a neuter pronoun for 'this'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

זֹאת

pronoun • Root זה • Page 196

this, fem. of זֶה (q.v.)

Particle demonstrative

LXX: ταύτην ταῦτα τοῦτο αὕτη ταύτησ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2063:

ταύτην 91× (16.3%)

ταῦτα 73× (12.9%)

τοῦτο 70× (12.4%)

αὕτη 67× (12.1%)

ταύτησ 50× (9.0%)

ταύτῃ 26× (4.6%)

οὗτοσ 25× (4.4%)

τούτῳ 20× (3.3%)

οὕτωσ 19× (3.3%)

τούτου 18× (3.2%)

נחלת נַחֲלַת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נחלה

nachălâh

Definition

properly, something inherited, i.e. (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

Root

from H5157 (נחל) (in its usual sense);

Exhaustive

from נחל (in its usual sense); properly, something inherited, i.e. (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion; heritage, to inherit, inheritance, possession. Compare נחל.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5159

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נַחֲלָה

noun feminine • Root נחל נחה • Strongs / High • Page 961

1. (from נחל I) a possession, property, inheritance; a portion or lot assigned. 2. (prop. נַחַל with a of motion) a brook. 3. (from נָחָה) the reduced one; sickness, misfortune.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נַחְלָה

f. verbal from נָחַל / dec. xii. e. • Root נחל • Page 437

1. an inheritance (Prov. 19:14). 2. a property, possession (Num. 18:21; Deut. 4:21; Josh. 13:23). 3. the lot or destiny of any one (Job 20:29; 27:13; 31:2).

Noun common feminine singular construct

LXX: κληρονομίαν κληρονομία κληρονομίασ κλήρῳ κλῆροσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5159:

κληρονομίαν 58× (26.2%)

κληρονομία 38× (17.4%)

κληρονομίασ 27× (12.2%)

κλήρῳ 14× (6.2%)

κλῆροσ 13× (6.1%)

κληρονομίᾳ 12× (5.1%)

'' 7× (3.1%)

κλῆρον 5× (2.5%)

--- 4× (2.1%)

κατάσχεσιν 4× (1.8%)

מטה מַטֵּה

he has reached/found/staff

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מטה

maṭṭeh

Definition

a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a support of life, e.g. bread)

Root

or (feminine) מטה; from H5186 (נטה);

Exhaustive

or (feminine) מטה; from נטה; a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a support of life, e.g. bread); rod, staff, tribe.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4294

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַ֫טָּה

adverb • Consonantal / Medium • Page 384

downwards

Matched via consonantal key only

מִטָּה

noun feminine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

That on which one leans or reclines, hence a bed, bolster, table-couch, sofa, litter, palanquin, bier, or a store-room.

Matched via consonantal key only

מֶטֶה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

Iniquity.

Matched via consonantal key only

מַטָּה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

A support, a staff, a stick; figuratively, a rod of correction, punishment, or chastisement; also a tribe. Plural form מַטּוֹת; singular is unused. Same as מַטֶּה.

Matched via consonantal key only

מַטָּה

adverb • Root מטה מוט • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

A bowing down, sinking. As an adverb, it means down, downwards, beneath, deep, under.

Matched via consonantal key only

מַטֶּה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 840

1. A stick, staff, rod, sceptre, yoke. 2. Stem of a people, a tribe. 3. Injustice, wrong. 4. A sinking, bending.

Matched via consonantal key only

מֻטָּה

noun feminine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

Extension, spreading out.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מַטֶּה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Page 371

1. a bough, branch (Ezek. 19:11 ff.). 2. a staff, stick, rod (Ex. 4: 2). 3. a tribe of the Israelites (Num. 1: 49). 4. perhaps an arrow, javelin (Hab. 3: 9, 14). 5. an inclining or sinking downwards; as an adv. מַטָּה down, below (Deut. 28: 43).

מֻטֶּה, מֻטָּה

plur. וֹת • Root נטה • Page 371

1. a stretching out (Is. 8: 8). 2. a bending or perversion of justice (Ezek. 9: 9). Verbal from the Pual of נָטָה.

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: φυλῆσ ῥάβδον ῥάβδοσ φυλῶν ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H4294:

φυλῆσ 138× (52.6%)

ῥάβδον 22× (8.7%)

ῥάβδοσ 13× (5.2%)

φυλῶν 10× (4.0%)

--- 8× (3.6%)

φυλὴν 7× (2.8%)

στήριγμα 5× (2.3%)

ῥάβδῳ 5× (2.0%)

ῥάβδουσ 5× (1.9%)

'' 4× (1.5%)

בני בְנֵי־

sons/my son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶל

chald. • Page 49

Chald. idem. [to Hebrew אַל]. Dan. 2: 24.

אֶל

preposition • Page 50

Primary preposition meaning: 1. to (sign of the dative); 2. towards, even to (Num. 24:1); 3. at, on, near (1 K. 13:20); 4. about, concerning (Gen. 20:2); 5. in, into (Gen. 8:9); 6. among (1 Sam. 10:22); 7. through (Ezek. 44:7); 8. for, on account of (1 K. 14:5); 9. in combination with other prepositions implies direction.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

נפתלי נַפְתָּלי

My Twistings ("Naphtali")

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נפתלי

Naphtâlîy

Definition

Naphtali, a son of Jacob, with the tribe descended from him, and its territory

Root

from H6617 (פתל); my wrestling;

Exhaustive

from פתל; my wrestling; Naphtali, a son of Jacob, with the tribe descended from him, and its territory; Naphtali.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5321

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נַפְתָּלִי

noun proper masculine • Root נפתולים • Consonantal / Medium • Page 983

Wrestlings; the name of a tribe of Israel and the district belonging to it.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נַפְתָּלִי

noun proper • Page 452

son of Jacob by Bilhah and progenitor of the tribe of Naphtali (Gen. 30:8, Josh. 19:32-39).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: νεφθαλι νεφθαλιμ κεδεσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5321:

νεφθαλι 45× (86.7%)

νεφθαλιμ 4× (7.7%)

κεδεσ 2× (3.5%)

למשפחתם לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

משפחה

mishpâchâh

Definition

a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people

Root

from H8192 (שפה) (compare H8198 (שפחה));

Exhaustive

from שפה (compare שפחה); a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people; family, kind(-red).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4940

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שֶׁפַח

concept / noun • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1469

shed, blood; figuratively to break out, of pustules, leprosy.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

שָׁפַח

verb • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1468

(Not used) intransitive. To be attached, to associate, of the members of a family and domestics; to be related.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

שִׁפַּח

verb piel • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1469

To make break out, i. e. to cover with leprosy; perhaps to make empty.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִשְׁפָּחָה

noun feminine • Root שפח • Page 416

1. a kind, species, of animals. Gen. 8: 19. 2. a tribe. Gen. 10: 18. 3. a subdivision of a tribe, a family. Ex. 6: 14.

Preposition, Noun common feminine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: δῆμοσ δήμουσ δῆμοι --- δήμου

LXX Usage Statistics

H4940:

δῆμοσ 75× (27.0%)

δήμουσ 66× (20.5%)

δῆμοι 16× (5.8%)

--- 14× (5.1%)

δήμου 14× (4.2%)

φυλῆσ 10× (2.8%)

φυλὴ 9× (2.9%)

συγγενείασ 9× (2.6%)

πατριαὶ 7× (2.3%)

φυλαὶ 6× (1.8%)

הערים הֶעָרים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עיר

ʻîyr

Definition

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Root

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור)

Exhaustive

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5892

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1061

Proper name masculine meaning 'one setting up, strengthening'.

עִיר

noun feminine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1083

1. An enclosed, fenced place, proceeding from the verb-idea 'to fence round, encircle, enclose'; hence town, city. 2. dwelling.

עִיר

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1084

1. A tower, a castle, a tower of watch; 2. A city generally, also a village, hamlet, or encampment; 3. Part of a city; 4. Metaphor for the inhabitants of a city.

עִיר

noun masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

Heat, anger, wrath.

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A proper name (a man mentioned in 1 Chr. 7, 12).

עִיר

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A watcher (Aram.), referring to archangels, good angels, or fallen ones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֵעִיר

verb • Root עור • Page 498

1. To awaken from sleep. Zech. 4:1. 2. To stir up (e.g., the leviathan). Job 41:2; Deut. 32:11. 3. intrans. to awake. Ps. 35:23; Job 8:6.

עִיר

noun feminine • Page 505

I. a city. References include city of God (Ps. 46: 5), the holy city (Neh. 11: 1), and several proper names like city of salt and city of palms (Jericho).

עִיר

noun • Page 505

II. perhaps anger, hostile attack. Jer. 15:8; Hos. 11:9. Comp. Arab. med. Vav to attack, assault.

עִיר

m. chald. • Page 505

a watcher, a name of angels in the later Jewish demonology, so called because they watch over the souls of men. Dan. 4: 10, 14, 20.

Particle definite article, Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: πόλεισ πόλιν πόλεωσ πόλει πόλισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5892b:

πόλεισ 250× (22.9%)

πόλιν 200× (17.5%)

πόλεωσ 192× (17.0%)

πόλει 120× (9.9%)

πόλισ 83× (7.5%)

πόλεσιν 76× (6.1%)

πόλεων 50× (4.4%)

'' 35× (3.1%)

--- 26× (2.7%)

pεἰσ 16× (1.7%)

וחצריהןפ וְחַצְרֵיהֶן׃פ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חצר

châtsêr

Definition

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)

Root

(masculine and feminine); from H2690 (חצר) in its original sense;

Exhaustive

(masculine and feminine); from חצר in its original sense; a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls); court, tower, village.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2691

הן

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person feminine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person feminine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9029

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָצֵר

verb / intransitive • Root חצר • Strongs / High • Page 519

An intransitive verb not used in the Kal stem with two primary meanings: 1. to sound shrill, to clang, to peal, of a voice or musical instrument. 2. to bloom, to be green, to sprout forth.

חָצֵר

noun / common gender • Root חצר • Strongs / High • Page 520

1. A court, atrium, of a palace or temple; an uncovered enclosed space, a court-yard. Also a guard-court or prison. 2. A village, a hamlet, a villa, enclosed within itself, often belonging to city districts.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָצֵר

noun masculine • Root חצר • Page 244

1. court before a building. Neh. 8:16. Est. 5:2. especially of the tabernacle and temple, Ex. 27:9 ff. 2. a small place, village, such as were attached to larger towns. Josh. 13:23, 28.

Conjunction, Noun common masculine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person feminine plural

LXX: αὐλῆσ αὐλὴν αὐλῇ αὐλαῖσ κῶμαι

LXX Usage Statistics

H2691b:

αὐλῆσ 47× (25.7%)

αὐλὴν 26× (13.9%)

αὐλῇ 23× (11.2%)

αὐλαῖσ 13× (6.6%)

κῶμαι 12× (5.4%)

ἐπαύλεισ 10× (5.3%)

--- 9× (5.8%)

'' 8× (4.4%)

αὐλήν 6× (3.1%)

αὐλὴ 5× (3.0%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
This the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Naphtali according to their families, the cities and their enclosures.

LITV Translation:
This is the inheritance of the tribe of the sons of Naphtali by their families, the cities and their villages.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Naphtali.