Joshua 19:3

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

וחצר וַחֲצַר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חצר שועל

Chătsar Shûwʻâl

Definition

Chatsar-Shual, a place in Palestine

Root

from H2691 (חצר) and H7776 (שועל); village of (the) fox;

Exhaustive

from חצר and שועל; village of (the) fox; Chatsar-Shual, a place in Palestine; Hazar-shual.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2705

גיר

gîyr

Definition

lime

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H1615 (גר);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to גר; lime; plaster.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1528

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֲצַר שׁוּעָל

noun proper • Root חצר • Strongs / High • Page 520

(Court of jackals) A proper name of a city in Simeon.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גִּיר

noun masculine • Page 138

chalk, lime. Is. 27:9.

גִּיר

chald. n. • Page 138

idem (chalk, lime). Dan. 5:5.

גֵּיר

noun • Root גר • Page 138

i. q. גֵּר a stranger. 2 Chr. 2:16.

חֲצַר שׁוּעָל

proper name • Page 244

(court of foxes) in the tribe of Simeon. Josh. 15:28. 19:3. 1 Chr. 4:28. Neh. 11:27.

Conjunction, Noun proper name

LXX: χολασεωλα '' εσηρσουαλ αρσωλα

LXX Usage Statistics

H2705:

χολασεωλα 2× (25.0%)

'' 2× (25.0%)

εσηρσουαλ 2× (25.0%)

αρσωλα 2× (25.0%)

Hazar-shual_§Hazar-shual@Jos.15.28+:

No stats available

שועל שׁוּעָל

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חצר שועל

Chătsar Shûwʻâl

Definition

Chatsar-Shual, a place in Palestine

Root

from H2691 (חצר) and H7776 (שועל); village of (the) fox;

Exhaustive

from חצר and שועל; village of (the) fox; Chatsar-Shual, a place in Palestine; Hazar-shual.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2705

גיר

gîyr

Definition

lime

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H1615 (גר);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to גר; lime; plaster.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1528

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֲצַר שׁוּעָל

noun proper • Root חצר • Strongs / High • Page 520

(Court of jackals) A proper name of a city in Simeon.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גִּיר

noun masculine • Page 138

chalk, lime. Is. 27:9.

גִּיר

chald. n. • Page 138

idem (chalk, lime). Dan. 5:5.

גֵּיר

noun • Root גר • Page 138

i. q. גֵּר a stranger. 2 Chr. 2:16.

חֲצַר שׁוּעָל

proper name • Page 244

(court of foxes) in the tribe of Simeon. Josh. 15:28. 19:3. 1 Chr. 4:28. Neh. 11:27.

Noun proper name

LXX: χολασεωλα '' εσηρσουαλ αρσωλα

LXX Usage Statistics

H2705:

χολασεωλα 2× (25.0%)

'' 2× (25.0%)

εσηρσουαλ 2× (25.0%)

αρσωλα 2× (25.0%)

Hazar-shual_§Hazar-shual@Jos.15.28:

No stats available

ובלה וּבָלָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בלה

Bâlâh

Definition

Balah, a place in Palestine

Root

feminine of H1087 (בלה); failure;

Exhaustive

feminine of בלה; failure; Balah, a place in Palestine; Balah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1088

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בָּלָה

noun • Root בלה • Strongs / High • Page 247

The withered, decrepid; vanished as dust.

בָּלָה

noun feminine / noun proper • Root בלה • Strongs / High • Page 247

1. The withered, emaciated. 2. Proper name of a city.

Conjunction, Noun proper name

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H1088:

No stats available

ועצם וָעָצֶם׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עצם

ʻEtsem

Definition

Etsem, a place in Palestine

Root

the same as H6106 (עצם); bone;

Exhaustive

the same as עצם; bone; Etsem, a place in Palestine; Azem, Ezem.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6107

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֶצֶם

noun masculine • Root עצם • Strongs / High • Page 1121

1. The hard, the firm, a pile of wood. 2. Commonly, a bone, often referring to the bone of a dead person.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֶצֶם

m. verbal • Root עצם • Page 522

1. strength (Deut. 8:17, Job 30:21). 2. body, frame (Ps. 139:15).

עֶצֶם

f. verbal from עָצַם • Root עצם • Page 521

1. a bone. Gen. 2:23. 2. body, form, appearance. Lam. 4:7. 3. the same, very, itself, in reference to things; e.g. עֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה (the self-same day).

Conjunction, Noun proper name

LXX: ασομ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6107:

ασομ 2× (52.3%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And Hazor-Shual, and Balah, and Azem,

LITV Translation:
and Hazar-shual, and Balah, and Azem,

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
and Hazar-shual, and Balah, and Ezem,