Joshua 15:62

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

והנבשן וְהַנִּבְשָׁן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

נבשן

Nibshân

Definition

Nibshan, a place in Palestine

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; Nibshan, a place in Palestine; Nibshan.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5044

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נִבְשָׁן

noun proper • Root נבש • Consonantal / Low • Page 940

A proper name of a city in Judah.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Conjunction, Particle definite article, Noun proper name

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H5044:

No stats available

ועיר וְעִיר־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עיר המלח

ʻÎyr ham-Melach

Definition

Irham-Melach, a place near Palestine

Root

from H5892 (עיר) and H4417 (מלח) with the article of substance interp.; city of (the) salt;

Exhaustive

from עיר and מלח with the article of substance interp.; city of (the) salt; Irham-Melach, a place near Palestine; the city of salt.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5898

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר הַמֶּלַח

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1084

(Salt-city), a city in the desert of Judah, near the Salt-Sea.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶל

chald. • Page 49

Chald. idem. [to Hebrew אַל]. Dan. 2: 24.

אֶל

preposition • Page 50

Primary preposition meaning: 1. to (sign of the dative); 2. towards, even to (Num. 24:1); 3. at, on, near (1 K. 13:20); 4. about, concerning (Gen. 20:2); 5. in, into (Gen. 8:9); 6. among (1 Sam. 10:22); 7. through (Ezek. 44:7); 8. for, on account of (1 K. 14:5); 9. in combination with other prepositions implies direction.

Conjunction, Noun proper name

LXX: πόλεισ σαδωμ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5898:

πόλεισ 2× (56.0%)

σαδωμ 2× (44.0%)

המלח הַמֶּלַח

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עיר המלח

ʻÎyr ham-Melach

Definition

Irham-Melach, a place near Palestine

Root

from H5892 (עיר) and H4417 (מלח) with the article of substance interp.; city of (the) salt;

Exhaustive

from עיר and מלח with the article of substance interp.; city of (the) salt; Irham-Melach, a place near Palestine; the city of salt.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5898

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר הַמֶּלַח

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1084

(Salt-city), a city in the desert of Judah, near the Salt-Sea.

Particle definite article, Noun proper name

LXX: πόλεισ σαδωμ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5898:

πόλεισ 2× (56.0%)

σαδωμ 2× (44.0%)

ועין וְעֵין

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עין גדי

ʻÊyn Gedîy

Definition

En-Gedi, a place in Palestine

Root

from H5869 (עין) and H1423 (גדי); fountain of a kid;

Exhaustive

from עין and גדי; fountain of a kid; En-Gedi, a place in Palestine; En-gedi.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5872

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גְּדִי

noun masculine • Root גדה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

The pushed out, the cast out, spoken of the fruit of the body, foetus; specifically the young of goats, a kid.

Matched via consonantal key only

גָּדִי

patronymic • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 302

A Gadite, a member of the tribe of Gad.

Matched via consonantal key only

גָּדִי

patronymic • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

A patronymic from Gad.

Matched via consonantal key only

גָּדִי

noun proper masculine • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

A masculine proper name (from Gad; Jovianus).

Matched via consonantal key only

גַּדִּי

noun proper masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 302

A proper name, masculine.

Matched via consonantal key only

גַּדִּי

feminine noun • Root גדה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 304

1. Venus or Astarte, same as גַּד, גָּדָה; hence fortune; then the nature-deity of fortune. 2. Used in the place name עֵין־גֶּדִי (fountain of Gad), a city in Southern Palestine.

Matched via consonantal key only

גַּדִּי

noun proper masculine • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

A masculine proper name (from Gad).

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גְּדִי

noun masculine • Page 129

kid, haedus (Ex. 23:19). Generally with the addition עִזִּים, a kid of the goats (Gen. 38:17, 20). Plur. גְּדָיִים, גְּדָיֵי.

עֵין גֶּדִי

proper noun • Page 504

fountain of the kid; a city in the tribe of Judah, not far from the southern point of the Dead sea, fruitful in palms. Mentioned in Josh. 15:62, 1 Sam. 24:1, Ezek. 47:10, and Cant. 1:14. Anciently called חַצְצוֹן־תָּמָר.

Conjunction, Noun proper name

LXX: εγγαδδι ενγαδδι [:] αινγαδιν ανκαδησ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5872:

εγγαδδι 4× (36.0%)

ενγαδδι 2× (18.0%)

[:] 2× (15.3%)

αινγαδιν 2× (15.3%)

ανκαδησ 2× (15.3%)

גדי גֶּדִי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עין גדי

ʻÊyn Gedîy

Definition

En-Gedi, a place in Palestine

Root

from H5869 (עין) and H1423 (גדי); fountain of a kid;

Exhaustive

from עין and גדי; fountain of a kid; En-Gedi, a place in Palestine; En-gedi.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5872

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גְּדִי

noun masculine • Root גדה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

The pushed out, the cast out, spoken of the fruit of the body, foetus; specifically the young of goats, a kid.

Matched via consonantal key only

גָּדִי

patronymic • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 302

A Gadite, a member of the tribe of Gad.

Matched via consonantal key only

גָּדִי

patronymic • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

A patronymic from Gad.

Matched via consonantal key only

גָּדִי

noun proper masculine • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

A masculine proper name (from Gad; Jovianus).

Matched via consonantal key only

גַּדִּי

noun proper masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 302

A proper name, masculine.

Matched via consonantal key only

גַּדִּי

feminine noun • Root גדה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 304

1. Venus or Astarte, same as גַּד, גָּדָה; hence fortune; then the nature-deity of fortune. 2. Used in the place name עֵין־גֶּדִי (fountain of Gad), a city in Southern Palestine.

Matched via consonantal key only

גַּדִּי

noun proper masculine • Root גד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 305

A masculine proper name (from Gad).

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גְּדִי

noun masculine • Page 129

kid, haedus (Ex. 23:19). Generally with the addition עִזִּים, a kid of the goats (Gen. 38:17, 20). Plur. גְּדָיִים, גְּדָיֵי.

עֵין גֶּדִי

proper noun • Page 504

fountain of the kid; a city in the tribe of Judah, not far from the southern point of the Dead sea, fruitful in palms. Mentioned in Josh. 15:62, 1 Sam. 24:1, Ezek. 47:10, and Cant. 1:14. Anciently called חַצְצוֹן־תָּמָר.

Noun proper name

LXX: εγγαδδι ενγαδδι [:] αινγαδιν ανκαδησ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5872:

εγγαδδι 4× (36.0%)

ενγαδδι 2× (18.0%)

[:] 2× (15.3%)

αινγαδιν 2× (15.3%)

ανκαδησ 2× (15.3%)

ערים עָרִים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עיר

ʻîyr

Definition

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Root

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור)

Exhaustive

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5892

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1061

Proper name masculine meaning 'one setting up, strengthening'.

עִיר

noun feminine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1083

1. An enclosed, fenced place, proceeding from the verb-idea 'to fence round, encircle, enclose'; hence town, city. 2. dwelling.

עִיר

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1084

1. A tower, a castle, a tower of watch; 2. A city generally, also a village, hamlet, or encampment; 3. Part of a city; 4. Metaphor for the inhabitants of a city.

עִיר

noun masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

Heat, anger, wrath.

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A proper name (a man mentioned in 1 Chr. 7, 12).

עִיר

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A watcher (Aram.), referring to archangels, good angels, or fallen ones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֵעִיר

verb • Root עור • Page 498

1. To awaken from sleep. Zech. 4:1. 2. To stir up (e.g., the leviathan). Job 41:2; Deut. 32:11. 3. intrans. to awake. Ps. 35:23; Job 8:6.

עִיר

noun feminine • Page 505

I. a city. References include city of God (Ps. 46: 5), the holy city (Neh. 11: 1), and several proper names like city of salt and city of palms (Jericho).

עִיר

noun • Page 505

II. perhaps anger, hostile attack. Jer. 15:8; Hos. 11:9. Comp. Arab. med. Vav to attack, assault.

עִיר

m. chald. • Page 505

a watcher, a name of angels in the later Jewish demonology, so called because they watch over the souls of men. Dan. 4: 10, 14, 20.

Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: πόλεισ πόλιν πόλεωσ πόλει πόλισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5892b:

πόλεισ 250× (22.9%)

πόλιν 200× (17.5%)

πόλεωσ 192× (17.0%)

πόλει 120× (9.9%)

πόλισ 83× (7.5%)

πόλεσιν 76× (6.1%)

πόλεων 50× (4.4%)

'' 35× (3.1%)

--- 26× (2.7%)

pεἰσ 16× (1.7%)

שש שֵׁשׁ

six

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שש

shêsh

Definition

six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ord. sixth

Root

masculine ששה; a primitive number; compare H7797 (שוש)

Exhaustive

masculine ששה; a primitive number; compare שוש; six (as an overplus beyond five or the fingers of the hand); as ord. sixth; six(-teen, -teenth), sixth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8337

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שֵׁשׁ

numeral • Strongs / High • Page 1041

Six (Comparative example for interchange with Ayin, corresponding to 'sex' in context)

שֵׁשׁ

numeral • Root שש • Strongs / High • Page 1488

(Numeral) Six. Includes feminine form (שִׁשָׁה), construct form (שֵׁשֶׁת), and denotes sixty (שִׁשִּׁים).

שֵׁשׁ

numeral • Strongs / High • Page 1489

six (numeral).

שֵׁשׁ

noun masculine • Root שוש • Strongs / High • Page 1489

1. white marble, for pillars. 2. fine white linen, Egyptian byssus or cotton, used for priestly garments.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שֵׁשׁ

m. 1. • Root שוש • Page 702

1. white marble. Est. 1: 6. Cant. 5: 15. elsewhere שַׁיִשׁ. 2. byssus, fine white Egyptian cotton, also cloth made of it. Gen. 41: 42. Ex. 26: 1. 27: 9, 18. 28: 39. Prov. 31: 22. The later name is בּוּץ q. v. Under each of them linen is sometimes included.

שֵׁשׁ

f. and שִׁשָּׁה / const. שֵׁשֶׁת / m. • Root שדש • Page 702

six, a contraction of שֶׁדֶשׁ (like לֶדֶת by contraction מִלֶּדֶת, to bring forth.) Plur. שִׁשִׁים com. gen. sixty.

Adjective cardinal number both singular absolute

LXX: ἓξ ἑξακόσιοι δέκα ἑξακόσια ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H8337:

ἓξ 45× (21.8%)

ἑξακόσιοι 36× (16.3%)

δέκα 10× (4.2%)

ἑξακόσια 8× (3.9%)

'' 7× (2.9%)

τριάκοντα 7× (2.8%)

ἑκκαίδεκα 7× (3.2%)

πεντήκοντα 7× (2.7%)

εἴκοσι 6× (2.6%)

ἑξήκοντα 6× (2.3%)

וחצריהן וְחַצְרֵיהֶן׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חצר

châtsêr

Definition

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)

Root

(masculine and feminine); from H2690 (חצר) in its original sense;

Exhaustive

(masculine and feminine); from חצר in its original sense; a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls); court, tower, village.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2691

הן

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person feminine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person feminine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9029

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָצֵר

verb / intransitive • Root חצר • Strongs / High • Page 519

An intransitive verb not used in the Kal stem with two primary meanings: 1. to sound shrill, to clang, to peal, of a voice or musical instrument. 2. to bloom, to be green, to sprout forth.

חָצֵר

noun / common gender • Root חצר • Strongs / High • Page 520

1. A court, atrium, of a palace or temple; an uncovered enclosed space, a court-yard. Also a guard-court or prison. 2. A village, a hamlet, a villa, enclosed within itself, often belonging to city districts.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָצֵר

noun masculine • Root חצר • Page 244

1. court before a building. Neh. 8:16. Est. 5:2. especially of the tabernacle and temple, Ex. 27:9 ff. 2. a small place, village, such as were attached to larger towns. Josh. 13:23, 28.

Conjunction, Noun common masculine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person feminine plural

LXX: αὐλῆσ αὐλὴν αὐλῇ αὐλαῖσ κῶμαι

LXX Usage Statistics

H2691b:

αὐλῆσ 47× (25.7%)

αὐλὴν 26× (13.9%)

αὐλῇ 23× (11.2%)

αὐλαῖσ 13× (6.6%)

κῶμαι 12× (5.4%)

ἐπαύλεισ 10× (5.3%)

--- 9× (5.8%)

'' 8× (4.4%)

αὐλήν 6× (3.1%)

αὐλὴ 5× (3.0%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And Nibshan, and the City of Salt, and the Fountain of Engedi; six cities and their enclosures.

LITV Translation:
and Nibshan, and the city of Salt, and En-gedi; six cities and their villages.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
and Aeochioza, and Nibshan, and the cities of Sadon, and Engedi; seven cities, and their villages.