Joshua 15:48

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ובהר וּבָהָר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הר

har

Definition

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

Root

a shortened form of H2042 (הרר);

Exhaustive

a shortened form of הרר; a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively); hill (country), mount(-ain), [idiom] promotion.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2022

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הַר

noun / masculine • Root הרר • Strongs / High • Page 411

1. a mountain, a hill. 2. Figuratively, a great power, kingdom, or obstacle. 3. A mountain-district or hill country.

הַר

noun • Root הרר • Strongs / High • Page 412

A mountain, height. The noun comes from a stem meaning to be high or elevated. It is used to refer to mountainous districts and in combination with place names.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הַר

noun masculine • Page 192

a mountain, often a chain of mountains, mountainous country (Gen. 14:10). Plural: הָרִים.

Conjunction, Preposition, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ὄροσ ὄρουσ ὄρει ὄρη ὀρέων

LXX Usage Statistics

H2022:

ὄροσ 157× (27.0%)

ὄρουσ 100× (17.5%)

ὄρει 92× (14.0%)

ὄρη 79× (14.2%)

ὀρέων 46× (8.1%)

ὄρεσιν 14× (2.2%)

--- 10× (2.0%)

ὀρεινὴν 7× (1.0%)

pεἰσ 6× (1.2%)

ὀρέων 5× (0.8%)

שמיר שָׁמִיר

of thorns

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שמיר

Shâmîyr

Definition

Shamir, the name of two places in Palestine

Root

the same as H8068 (שמיר);

Exhaustive

the same as שמיר; Shamir, the name of two places in Palestine; Shamir. Compare שמור.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8069

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁמִיר

noun proper masculine • Root שמר • Consonantal / Low • Page 1445

Approved (proper masculine name), found in 1 Chr. 24, 24 K'tib.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

שָׁמִיר

noun masculine • Consonantal / Low • Page 1447

1. A thorn, thistle, or thorn-bush; fig. a useless army. 2. A prick, a nail, especially a diamond-point for engraving.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

שָׁמִיר

noun proper • Root שמר • Consonantal / Low • Page 1447

3. (thorn-hedge, thorn-bush) Name proper (N.P.) of a city in Judah. 4. (an approved one) Name proper masculine (N.P.M.).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Noun proper name

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H8069:

No stats available

ויתיר וְיַתּיר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יתיר

Yattîyr

Definition

Jattir, a place in Palestine

Root

from H3498 (יתר); redundant;

Exhaustive

from יתר; redundant; Jattir, a place in Palestine; Jattir.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3492

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יַתִּיר

verb (aramaic) • Root יתר • Strongs / High • Page 666

Pael (Aramaic) verb form, not used.

יַתִּיר

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 664

(The wide, roomy city) Proper name of a city in the mountains of Judah (now called Attir).

יַתִּיר

aram. adj. m. (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 664

(Aramaic adj.) Exceeding, extraordinary, powerful. The feminine form is used as an adverb: very, exceedingly.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יַתִּיר

chald. adj. / adv. • Page 304

1. adj. very great, eminent, extraordinary. Dan. 2:31. 5:12, 14. 2. adv. יַתִּירָה very, exceeding. Dan. 3:22. 7:7, 19.

יַתִּיר

proper name • Page 304

name of a city of the priests in the hill-country of the tribe of Judah. Josh. 15:48. 21:14. 1 Sam. 30:27. 1 Chr. 6:42.

Conjunction, Noun proper name

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H3492:

No stats available

ושוכה וְשׂוֹכֹה׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שוכה

Sôwkôh

Definition

Sokoh or Soko, the name of two places in Palestine

Root

or שכה; or שוכו; from H7753 (שוך);

Exhaustive

or שכה; or שוכו; from שוך; Sokoh or Soko, the name of two places in Palestine; Shocho, Shochoh, Sochoh, Soco, Socoh.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7755

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מְשׂוּכָה

noun feminine • Root שוך • Lemma_Lookup • Page 916

A hedge, a living fence; a thorn-hedge; as a worthless thing. Also spelled מְסוּכָה.

מְשׁוּכָה

noun • Lemma_Lookup • Page 919

see מְשׂוּכָה.

שׂוּכָה

noun proper feminine • Root שוך • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1395

(From שׁוּךְ = שָׁבַךְ, settlement) N. p. of a locality in Judah. Deriv. the patr. m. pl. שׁוּכִים the Shuhites.

שׁוֹכֹה

noun proper • Root שוך • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1396

1. A city in the plain of Judah (Josh 15:35). 2. A city in the mountains of Judah (Josh 15:48 K'tib). Also spelled שׂוֹכֹה (1 Kings 4:10) meaning bushes, a thicket.

שׁוּכָה

noun feminine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1395

See שׁוּךְ.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שׂוֹכֹה

prop. name • Page 635

Name of a city in the plain of the tribe of Judah. Josh. 15: 35.

Conjunction, Noun proper name

LXX: σοκχωθ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7755:

σοκχωθ 3× (32.1%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And in the mountain Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh,

LITV Translation:
And in the hills: Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh,

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And in the hill country Shamir, and Jattir, and Socoh,