Jeremiah 13:18

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

אמר אֱמֹר

he has said

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אמר

ʼâmar

Definition

to say (used with great latitude)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H559

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 155

1. (not used) to stand prominently upwards, to project upwards, hence to be elevated. 2. to say, to speak, to command; to press out sounds from within.

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 755

to say, speak

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 58

1. to say (dico). Differs from דבר (to speak) in that אָמַר is almost uniformly followed by the words spoken (Lev. 1:2; Gen. 44:16). 2. to think. (Speaking and thinking).

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 59

To command (Est 1:17, 1 Chr 21:17); to praise (Ps 40:11). Niph.: to be said, to be called holy (Is 4:3). Hiph.: to declare solemnly, to promise (Deut 26:17, 18). Hithpa.: to boast one's self (Ps 94:4), or to exercise dominion.

Verb Qal imperative second person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0559:

No stats available

למלך לַמֶּלֶךְ

to the King

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלך

melek

Definition

a king

Root

from H4427 (מלך);

Exhaustive

from מלך; a king; king, royal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

masculine noun • Root מלך • Strongs / High • Page 859

A king, ruler; properly an abstract concept of rule or government, but commonly used concretely. It can refer to a king of a land, city, people, or tribe. The term is also applied to Jehovah, idols, and animals distinguished for strength. It can also mean an adviser or counsellor, and is used as a proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

noun masculine • Page 380

a king. Ezek. 26: 7. 'the king of kings,' a title of the king of Babylon. Spoken frequently of Jehovah, Ps. 5: 3, and of false gods, Am. 5: 26.

Preposition -For/Into Art, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: βασιλεὺσ βασιλέωσ βασιλέα βασιλεῖ βασιλεῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4428:

βασιλεὺσ 631× (23.4%)

βασιλέωσ 546× (20.5%)

βασιλέα 419× (15.7%)

βασιλεῖ 196× (7.1%)

βασιλεῖσ 133× (4.9%)

βασιλεύσ 100× (3.5%)

--- 77× (3.2%)

'' 66× (2.3%)

βασιλέων 63× (2.4%)

βασιλεῦσιν 46× (1.6%)

ולגבירה וְלַגְּבִירָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

גבירה

gᵉbîyrâh

Definition

a mistress

Root

feminine of H1376 (גביר);

Exhaustive

feminine of גביר; a mistress; queen.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1377

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גְּבִירָה

unknown • Root גבר • Consonantal / Low • Page 296

see גְּבִיר.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גְּבִירָה

noun feminine • Root גביר • Page 126

Mistress, female ruler, reigning queen. (1 K. 11:19, 15:13; 2 Chr. 15:16).

Conjunction, Preposition, Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H1377:

No stats available

השפילו הַשְׁפִּילוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שפל

shâphêl

Definition

to depress or sink (expectation figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to depress or sink (expectation figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive); abase, bring (cast, put) down, debase, humble (self), be (bring, lay, make, put) low(-er).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8213

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁפַל

verb (aramaic) • Root שפל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1471

Aram. intr. same as the Hebrew שָׁפַל in the senses to be low, weary, weak, tired.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

שְׁפַל

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root שפל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1471

(from the verb שְׁפַל) Aram. m. a low one, in rank or esteem.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

שֶׁפֶל

noun masculine • Root שפל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1471

m. lowness, a low condition.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

שָׁפַל

verb qal / intr. • Root שפל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1471

intr. to sink, of dust or mountains; to be felled, of high trees; figurat. to be made low, to be humbled, bowed down, of proud, haughty men.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

שָׁפָל

adjective • Root שפל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1471

adj. m. same as שָׁפַל according to old mss.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Verb Hiphil imperative second person masculine plural

LXX: ταπεινωθήσονται ταπεινοῖ '' ταπεινώσεισ ταπεινώσει

LXX Usage Statistics

H8213:

ταπεινωθήσονται 4× (10.9%)

ταπεινοῖ 3× (8.8%)

'' 3× (7.5%)

ταπεινώσεισ 2× (5.9%)

ταπεινώσει 2× (5.4%)

ταπεινῶν 2× (5.4%)

שבו שֵׁבוּ

they have turned back around

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ישב

yâshab

Definition

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry; (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3427

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָשַׁב

verb • Root ישב • Strongs / High • Page 656

To sit, remain, dwell. The fundamental meaning is to keep firmly in a place, to hold it firmly, to possess it, and therefore to sit. Piel (יִשֵּׁב): to pitch a dwelling. Hifil (הוֹשִׁיב): to cause to sit, to cause to dwell, to cause to be inhabited. Hophal (הוּשַׁב): to be inhabited, to be made to dwell, to be settled in.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָשַׁב

verb • Root ישב • Page 301

1. To seat one's self, to sit (Ps. 9:8, Ps. 80:2, Is. 37:16). Includes sitting as a judge (Ps. 9:8) or lying in wait (Ps. 10:8). 2. To continue (Gen. 24:55, 29:19, Hos. 3:3). 3. To dwell (Gen. 13:6, Gen. 4:20, Ps. 22:4). 4. Passive: to be inhabited or habitable (Is. 13:20, Jer. 17:6). Niph. נוֹשַׁב to be inhabited (Ex. 16:35).

Verb Qal imperative second person masculine plural

LXX: κατοικοῦντασ κατοικοῦντεσ ἐκάθισεν ἐκάθισαν κατῴκησεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3427:

κατοικοῦντασ 88× (7.4%)

κατοικοῦντεσ 80× (6.4%)

ἐκάθισεν 61× (5.4%)

ἐκάθισαν 37× (3.4%)

κατῴκησεν 34× (3.1%)

ἐκάθητο 29× (2.8%)

κατῴκησαν 28× (2.6%)

κατῴκει 24× (2.3%)

κατοικοῦσιν 23× (2.0%)

κατοικεῖν 23× (2.2%)

כי כִּי

for

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כי

kîy

Definition

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

Root

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent;

Exhaustive

a primitive particle (the full form of the prepositional prefix) indicating causal relations of all kinds, antecedent or consequent; (by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed; and, + (forasmuch, inasmuch, where-) as, assured(-ly), + but, certainly, doubtless, + else, even, + except, for, how, (because, in, so, than) that, + nevertheless, now, rightly, seeing, since, surely, then, therefore, + (al-) though, + till, truly, + until, when, whether, while, whom, yea, yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3588

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כִּי

masculine noun • Root כוה • Strongs / High • Page 690

A prick, mark, stigma; a brand.

כִּי

relative conjunction • Root כי • Strongs / High • Page 690

A pronominal root used as a relative conjunction. 1. usually a relative particle, that, quod, to denote the relation of the preceding to the following clause, such as in indirect and direct speech.

כִּי

particle / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 691

A versatile particle with several primary meanings. 1. As a conjunction, it can introduce an exclamation, a question, or an emphatic confirmation, and is sometimes translated as 'that'. 2. As a relative particle of time, it means 'when', 'if', 'since', 'as', 'as often as'. 3. As a causal particle, it means 'because' or 'for'. 4. As a particle of consequence, it can mean 'so' or 'then'.

כִּי

conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 692

A relative conjunction with a wide range of meanings depending on context. Causal: 'for', 'because'. Adversative: 'but', 'nay but', 'nay for', 'no', 'but yes', 'but indeed', 'but yet'. Comparative: 'but now'. Concessive: 'although'. Consequential: 'for which reason'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כִּי

m. subst. • Root כוה • Page 314

I. a mark burnt in, a brand, stigma. Is. 3: 24.

כִּי

primitive particle • Page 314

II. Probably a relative pronoun, i. q. אֲשֶׁר (Gen. 4:25). Used as a conj.: 1. that (Gen. 1:4). 2. for, because (Gen. 3:14). 3. if (Ex. 3:21). 4. when (Hos. 11:1). 5. yet, although (Ps. 116:10). 6. but (Gen. 45:8). 7. yea rather (Ps. 44:23). 8. often used at the beginning of a proposition (Zech. 3:8). 9. at the beginning of the apodosis (Gen. 22:17).

Particle

LXX: ὅτι γὰρ ἐὰν διότι ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H3588a:

ὅτι 2030× (53.1%)

γὰρ 394× (10.3%)

ἐὰν 276× (7.0%)

διότι 259× (6.8%)

--- 158× (4.1%)

ἀλλ' 114× (2.9%)

'' 76× (1.7%)

ὅταν 55× (1.4%)

καὶ 49× (1.3%)

γάρ 44× (1.2%)

ירד יָרַד

has climbed down

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ירד

yârad

Definition

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications); [idiom] abundantly, bring down, carry down, cast down, (cause to) come(-ing) down, fall (down), get down, go(-ing) down(-ward), hang down, [idiom] indeed, let down, light (down), put down (off), (cause to, let) run down, sink, subdue, take down.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3381

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָרַד

verb • Root ירד • Strongs / High • Page 644

to fall from or down, to go down, descend, come down.

יָרַד

verb • Root ירד • Strongs / High • Page 645

To go down, descend. This verb has numerous applications, including: to be brought down, to fall down, to run downwards (like a boundary), to sink or perish, to descend (like a shadow on a sundial), to come down (as a manifestation of God), to rush down to battle, to enter a lower place (e.g., a ship or well), to walk down to a lower location, to travel to a lower country, to flow down (like a stream), or to fall (like rain or dew).

יָרַד

verb • Root ירד • Strongs / High • Page 755

to go down to

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָרַד

verb • Page 297

To go down, to descend. Used for journeys from higher to lower terrain, such as to Egypt (Gen. 12:10), Philistia (1 Sam. 13:20), or southwards (1 Sam. 25:1). Also refers to inanimate objects, such as a road leading down (Prov. 7:27) or streams flowing down (Deut. 9:21). Metaphorically, it means to fall in wealth or circumstances (Deut. 28:43). Hiphil form הוֹרִיד: to make to go down, to bring down, or to cast down (Gen. 37:25, Prov. 21:22). Hophal form הוּרַד is the passive of Hiphil (Gen. 39:1).

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: κατέβη κατέβησαν καταβήσεται κατάβηθι καταβῆναι

LXX Usage Statistics

H3381:

κατέβη 76× (19.3%)

κατέβησαν 24× (6.1%)

καταβήσεται 23× (5.8%)

κατάβηθι 20× (5.3%)

καταβῆναι 9× (2.4%)

καταβαινόντων 9× (2.3%)

καταβήσονται 8× (2.0%)

καταβαίνοντεσ 7× (1.7%)

καταβήσῃ 7× (1.9%)

κατέβην 6× (1.6%)

מראשותיכם מַרְאֲשׁוֹתֵיכם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מראשה

mᵉraʼăshâh

Definition

properly, a headpiece, i.e. (plural for adverbial) at (or as) the head-rest (or pillow)

Root

formed like H4761 (מראשה);

Exhaustive

formed like מראשה; properly, a headpiece, i.e. (plural for adverbial) at (or as) the head-rest (or pillow); bolster, head, pillow. Compare מרגלה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4763

מראשה

marʼâshâh

Definition

properly, headship, i.e. (plural for collective) dominion

Root

denominative from H7218 (ראש);

Exhaustive

denominative from ראש; properly, headship, i.e. (plural for collective) dominion; principality.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4761

כם

Definition

your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9026

Noun common feminine plural construct, Suffix pronominal second person masculine plural

LXX: κεφαλῆσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4763:

κεφαλῆσ 8× (72.7%)

κεφαλῆσ 2× (16.6%)

H4761:

No stats available

עטרת עֲטֶרֶת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עטרה

ʻăṭârâh

Definition

a crown

Root

from H5849 (עטר);

Exhaustive

from עטר; a crown; crown.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5850

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֲטָרָה

noun feminine • Root עטר • Strongs / High • Page 1079

1. A crown (literal or fig., token of dignity, honour, or ornament). 2. (ornament) n. p. f. 1 Chr. 2, 26.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֲטָרָה

f. const. עֲטֶרֶת / plur. עֲטָרוֹת • Root עטר • Page 502

crown, diadem. (2 Sam. 12:30, Job 19:9, Prov. 12:4, etc.)

Noun common feminine singular construct

LXX: στέφανοσ στέφανον στεφάνῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5850:

στέφανοσ 10× (42.4%)

στέφανον 9× (37.8%)

στεφάνῳ 3× (11.9%)

תפארתכם תִּפְאַרְתְּכֶם׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

תפארה

tiphʼârâh

Definition

ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively)

Root

or תפארת; from H6286 (פאר);

Exhaustive

or תפארת; from פאר; ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively); beauty(-iful), bravery, comely, fair, glory(-ious), honour, majesty.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8597

כם

Definition

your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9026

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תִּפְאֶרֶת

noun feminine • Root פאר • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1526

splendour, ornament (of a crown or mitre).

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תִּפְאֶרֶת

noun feminine • Root פאר • Page 723

1. Ornament, splendour, beauty. Refs: Ex. 28:2; Is. 3:18; 52:1; Ezek. 16:17. 2. Glory, praise, honour. Refs: Judg. 4:9; Is. 63:14; 10:12; 13:19. 3. The seat of glory (mercy seat). Ref: Ps. 78:61.

Noun common feminine singular construct, Suffix pronominal second person masculine plural

LXX: δόξησ δόξαν καύχημα καυχήσεωσ δόξα

LXX Usage Statistics

H8597:

δόξησ 9× (17.0%)

δόξαν 7× (11.4%)

καύχημα 5× (8.8%)

καυχήσεωσ 4× (8.2%)

δόξα 4× (7.3%)

καυχήσεώσ 4× (7.3%)

dεἰσ 2× (3.6%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Say to the king and to the mistress, Humble yourselves, sit down: for the crown of your glory was brought down from your heads.

LITV Translation:
Say to the king and to the queen mother, Humble yourselves, sit down. For the crown of your glory will come down from your head places.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Say ye to the king and the princes, Humble yourselves, and sit down; for your crown of glory is removed from your head.