Ezra 7:24

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ולכם וּלְכֹם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

כם

Definition

you, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 2nd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9036

Conjunction, Preposition, Suffix pronominal second person masculine plural

מהודעין מְהוֹדְעִ֗ין

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ידע

yâdaʻ

Definition

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.); acknowledge, acquaintance(-ted with), advise, answer, appoint, assuredly, be aware, (un-) awares, can(-not), certainly, comprehend, consider, [idiom] could they, cunning, declare, be diligent, (can, cause to) discern, discover, endued with, familiar friend, famous, feel, can have, be (ig-) norant, instruct, kinsfolk, kinsman, (cause to let, make) know, (come to give, have, take) knowledge, have (knowledge), (be, make, make to be, make self) known, [phrase] be learned, [phrase] lie by man, mark, perceive, privy to, [idiom] prognosticator, regard, have respect, skilful, shew, can (man of) skill, be sure, of a surety, teach, (can) tell, understand, have (understanding), [idiom] will be, wist, wit, wot.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3045

ידע

yᵉdaʻ

Definition

{to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)}

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H3045 (ידע)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to ידע; {to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including observation, care, recognition; and causatively, instruction, designation, punishment, etc.)}; certify, know, make known, teach.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3046

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָדַע

verb • Root ידע • Strongs / High • Page 583

To know, perceive, understand. It encompasses various meanings including: to perceive by the senses, to know carnally (euphemism), to understand mentally, to discover, to be skilled in, to have a clear consciousness of, to care for, and to have moral perception (to know good and evil).

יָדַע

verb • Root ידע • Strongs / High • Page 584

to know, of the different meanings of Kal, to see, be seen, perceived, observed; to be known, to appear i.e. to be recognised; to be well-known, celebrated.

יָדַע

verb • Root ידע • Strongs / High • Page 584

II. The original idea of the root: to distinguish, separate, divide, lay aside, remove. This meaning appears seldom in Scripture.

יָדַע

verb • Root ידע • Strongs / High • Page 585

To divide, separate, split, cut. Figuratively, to chastise, visit, or punish.

יָדַע

verb • Root ידע • Strongs / High • Page 585

A transposed form of יָדַע. The Kal form is not used.

יָדַע

verb • Root ידע • Strongs / High • Page 582

1. to see, to perceive by the organs of sight, to mark, to perceive; 2. to perceive by hearing, to know by the taste, to experience, to feel; 3. Metaphorically from this, to lie with (sexual intercourse).

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְדַע

verb (aramaic) • Root ידע • Strongs / High • Page 585

Aramaic word, same as Hebrew יָדַע. To understand, to feel, to observe, to be convinced, to come to know, to perceive, to learn.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָדַע

verb • Root ידע • Page 272

1. To know, understand, know how (Job 32:22, 1 Sam. 16:16). 2. To know, be acquainted with, know by name (Gen. 29:5, Ex. 33:12). 3. To perceive, observe, discern (Gen. 19:33, Judg. 13:21). 4. To learn, be informed, learn by experience (Gen. 9:24, Lev. 5:3, Ex. 6:7). 5. To imagine, expect (Ps. 35:8, Job 9:5). 6. To concern one's self about, take care of (Gen. 39:6, Prov. 27:23); spoken of God's interest in man (Ps. 144:3). 7. Euphemistic expression for sexual intercourse (Gen. 4:17, 25; 1 Sam. 1:19).

יְדַע

verb • Root ידע • Page 273

1. To know. 2. To be informed (Dan. 6:11). 3. To understand (Dan. 4:14, 22). Includes the Aphhel form הֹודַע, meaning to show or make known (Dan. 2:15).

Verb haphel participle active masculine plural absolute

LXX: ἔγνω γνώσονται ἔγνωσαν ἔγνων οἶδα

LXX Usage Statistics

H3045:

ἔγνω 57× (5.6%)

γνώσονται 51× (4.5%)

ἔγνωσαν 37× (3.7%)

ἔγνων 37× (3.7%)

οἶδα 30× (3.1%)

γνώσῃ 27× (2.4%)

γνώσεσθε 26× (2.4%)

οἶδεν 25× (2.6%)

γνῶναι 24× (2.2%)

ἔγνωσ 21× (2.1%)

H3046:

No stats available

די דִּי

which

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זה

zeh

Definition

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that; he, [idiom] hence, [idiom] here, it(-self), [idiom] now, [idiom] of him, the one...the other, [idiom] than the other, ([idiom] out of) the (self) same, such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on that side, [idiom] thus, very, which. Compare זאת, זה, זו, זו.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2088

די

dîy

Definition

that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of

Root

(Aramaic) apparently for H1668 (דא);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) apparently for דא; that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of; [idiom] as, but, for(-asmuch [phrase]), [phrase] now, of, seeing, than, that, therefore, until, [phrase] what (-soever), when, which, whom, whose.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1768

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זֶה

demonstrative pronoun / relative pronoun / particle • Root ז • Strongs / High • Page 425

A multi-purpose word. I. As a demonstrative pronoun: this, referring to what is present. II. As a relative pronoun: who, that, which. III. As a demonstrative particle appended to interrogatives for emphasis, or to denote manner ('how'), location ('here', 'there'), or time ('now', 'just now').

זֶה

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 425

A collateral form of שֶׂה (lamb or sheep), found only in 1 Samuel 17:34.

זֶה

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 427

A demonstrative pronoun ('this') or relative pronoun ('that which'), used without distinction of gender or number. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter antecedents.

זֶה

pronominal stem • Strongs / High • Page 431

(pronominal stem; not used) pron. demonstr. same as זֶה, forming with a prosthetic the time-particle אָז, which form also exists in the Aramaean אֱדַיִן.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דִּי

aramaic relative pronoun (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 365

Aramaic relative pronoun (singular and plural), meaning who, which. It is used in multiple ways: 1. as a relative pronoun, like Hebrew אֲשֶׁר; 2. as a designation of a genitive, like late Hebrew שֶׁל; 3. as a relative conjunction, meaning 'that'; 4. to express temporal relations, consequences, purpose, or reason.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דִּי

chaldee relative pronoun / conjunction • Root אשר • Page 162

Equivalent to Hebrew אֲשֶׁר. 1. Relative pronoun: who, which. 2. Sign of the genitive case. 3. Sign of relation (where, whose). 4. Conjunction: that, to the end that. 5. that (quod). 6. for, since. 7. Redundant particle at the beginning of speech.

הֹזֶה

verb • Page 184

To dream, to speak in one’s sleep (Is. 56:10).

זֶה

pronoun • Page 197

1. this. When doubled, one...the other, 1 K. 22:20, Is. 6:3. Sometimes implies contempt, like the Greek οὗτος, Ex. 32:1. 2. more rarely in poetry as a relative, who, like the Germ. der. Ps. 104:8. 3. here, for בָּזֶה in hoc scil. loco. Gen. 28:17. Hence מִזֶּה, hence, 37:17.

Conjunction

LXX: τοῦτο τοῦτον οὗτοσ τούτου τούτῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2088:

τοῦτο 223× (14.4%)

τοῦτον 126× (8.3%)

οὗτοσ 96× (6.2%)

τούτου 95× (6.1%)

τούτῳ 74× (4.9%)

'' 63× (3.5%)

ταύτησ 56× (3.6%)

ταύτῃ 52× (3.2%)

'' 39× (2.2%)

αὕτη 39× (2.6%)

H1768:

No stats available

כל כָל־

all

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כל

kôl

Definition

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

Root

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל);

Exhaustive

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3605

כל

kôl

Definition

{properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)}

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H3605 (כל)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to כל; {properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)}; all, any, + (forasmuch) as, + be-(for this) cause, every, + no (manner, -ne), + there (where) -fore, + though, what (where, who) -soever, (the) whole.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3606

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּל

noun / masculine • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 695

Properly 'all, whole, totality'. 1. Used adjectivally to mean 'all' or 'the whole of', as in 'all the earth'. 2. Describes a plurality of individual persons or things, translated as 'all'.

כֹּל

substantive / adverb • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 696

A substantive meaning all, the whole, every, any. When used with a negative, it means none at all. It can also function as an adverb meaning wholly or altogether.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּל

chald. • Page 316

Same as Hebrew (all, every). Often appears with Makkeph as -כֹּל. References: Dan. 2:40, 4:9, 18, 25.

כֹּל

m. verbal • Root כלל • Page 315

A substantive meaning 'all', 'the whole', or 'totality'. Frequently used as an adjective (Jer. 33:8). 1. all. 2. every one.

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πάντα πᾶσ πάντεσ πᾶν πάντασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3605:

πάντα 921× (17.0%)

πᾶσ 451× (8.4%)

πάντεσ 441× (8.4%)

πᾶν 351× (6.5%)

πάντασ 297× (5.6%)

πᾶσαν 267× (4.9%)

πάντων 242× (4.4%)

πάσασ 230× (4.4%)

--- 227× (4.5%)

πᾶσα 214× (4.0%)

H3606:

No stats available

כהניא כָּהֲנַיָּא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כהן

kôhên

Definition

literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)

Root

active participle of H3547 (כהן);

Exhaustive

active participle of כהן; literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman); chief ruler, [idiom] own, priest, prince, principal officer.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3548

כהן

kâhên

Definition

{one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)}

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H3548 (כהן)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to כהן; {one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)}; priest.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3549

a

Definition

the

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9010

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּהֵן

noun / masculine • Root כהן • Strongs / High • Page 679

1. a servant (in a higher dignity), a minister, a counsellor performing service. 2. a priest.

כֹּהֵן

noun • Root כהן • Strongs / High • Page 680

1. An officer, a house-officer, counsellor. 2. A servant of God, who had charge of the sacrificial worship; a priest. This can refer to a priest of Aaron's line or a heathen priest.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כָּהֵן

noun / masculine (aramaic) • Root כהן • Strongs / High • Page 679

Aramaic word for priest.

Noun common masculine plural determined, Particle affirmation

LXX: ἱερεὺσ ἱερεῖσ ἱερέα ἱερέωσ ἱερέων

LXX Usage Statistics

H3548:

ἱερεὺσ 211× (28.0%)

ἱερεῖσ 192× (24.9%)

ἱερέα 71× (9.5%)

ἱερέωσ 58× (7.9%)

ἱερέων 58× (7.7%)

ἱερεύσ 34× (4.5%)

ἱερεῖ 33× (4.3%)

ἱερεῦσιν 30× (3.7%)

--- 16× (2.5%)

'' 11× (1.5%)

H3549:

No stats available

ולויא וְ֠לֵוָיֵא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

לוי

Lêvîy

Definition

{something attached, i.e. a wreath}

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H3880 (לויה)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to לויה; {something attached, i.e. a wreath}; Levite.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3879

a

Definition

the

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9010

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

לֵוִי

noun proper masculine • Root לוה • Strongs / High • Page 777

(the adherent, attaching to) 1. n. p. the son of Jacob and Leah. 2. The name of his tribe which was set apart for sacred things.

לֵוִי

aram. patr. m. (aramaic) • Root לוי • Strongs / High • Page 777

(def. plur. לֵוִיֵּא) Aramaic patronymic, same as Hebrew לֵוִי.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

לֵוִי

noun masculine • Page 343

1. Levi, proper name of a son of Jacob by Leah. 2. a patronymic noun for a Levite. The tribe of priests among the Hebrews.

Conjunction, Noun gentilic masculine plural determined, Particle affirmation

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H3879:

No stats available

זמריא זַמָּרַיָּא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זמר

zammâr

Definition

an instrumental musician

Root

(Aramaic) from the same as H2170 (זמר);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) from the same as זמר; an instrumental musician; singer.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2171

a

Definition

the

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9010

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זֶ֫מֶר

noun / masculine • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

a wild roebuck or goat, so named from its springing.

זְמַר

aramaic verb (aramaic) • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

(not used) Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew verb זָמַר.

זְמָר

aramaic noun / masculine (aramaic) • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

a playing of instruments.

זִמֵּר

verb • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 436

(not used) to cut off, to snuff a light.

זִמֵּר

verb • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

(Piel) 1. to sing, used of the voice; specifically to celebrate, glorify, praise, or extol God. 2. to play, with בְּ of the instrument.

זַמַּר

aramaic verb (aramaic) • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

(Pael) Aramaic verb, like the Hebrew זִמֵּר.

זַמָּר

aramaic noun / masculine (aramaic) • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

a singer, a temple-singer.

זָמַר

verb • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 436

1. to cut off, to prune the vine, generally to put in order. 2. to cut off grapes, i.e. to gather the vintage.

זָמַר

verb • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

II. (Kal not used) intransitive. 1. to buzz, to hum, i. e. to sing. 2. Figuratively: to sing with an instrument, to play; then to praise, to celebrate, to dance, to leap.

זְמֹרָה

noun / masculine • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

branch of a vine, used figuratively for the members of a family.

זִמְרָה

noun / feminine • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

1. song, tones. 2. the most celebrated fruit.

זִמְרִי

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 435

A proper name of a man.

זִמְרִי

proper noun • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

Proper name meaning 'renowned is Jah'. 1. A personal name. 2. Name of a country between Arabia and Persia.

זִמְרָן

proper noun • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

Proper name of a son of Abraham by Keturah, and founder of an Aramaean-Arabian tribe.

זִמְרָת

noun / feminine • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

A poetical form for זִמְרָה; fame, praise.

מְזַמְּרָה

noun feminine • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 832

An instrument for cutting the vine, a pruning-hook.

מִזְמָרָה

noun • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 437

A derivative of הִזְמִיר, likely a pruning hook.

מַזְמֵרָה

noun • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 797

A pruning-knife (instrument).

מְזַמֶּרֶת

noun feminine • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 832

Snuffers, forceps, for lamps.

נִזְמַר

verb • Root זמר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 436

To be cut, pruned (of the vine).

Noun common masculine plural determined, Particle affirmation

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H2171:

No stats available

תרעיא תָרָעַיָּא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

תרע

târâʻ

Definition

a doorkeeper

Root

(Aramaic) from H8651 (תרע);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) from תרע; a doorkeeper; porter.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8652

a

Definition

the

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9010

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תָּרָע

noun masculine • Root תרע • Strongs / High • Page 1533

(from תְּרַע) Aram. m. a doorkeeper, porter EZR. 7, 24.

Noun common masculine plural determined, Particle affirmation

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H8652:

No stats available

נתיניא נְתִינַיָּא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נתין

Nâthîyn

Definition

the Nethinim, or Temple-servants (as given to that duty)

Root

or נתון (Ezra 8:17), (the proper form as passive participle), from H5414 (נתן); one given, i.e. (in the plural only)

Exhaustive

or נתון (Ezra 8:17), (the proper form as passive participle), from נתן; one given, i.e. (in the plural only); the Nethinim, or Temple-servants (as given to that duty); Nethinims.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5411

נתין

Nᵉthîyn

Definition

{the Nethinim, or Temple-servants (as given to that duty)}

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H5411 (נתין)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to נתין; {the Nethinim, or Temple-servants (as given to that duty)}; Nethinims.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5412

a

Definition

the

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9010

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָתִין

noun masculine • Root נתן • Strongs / High • Page 998

same as the entry on the right column; a temple servant.

נָתִין

noun masculine • Root נתן • Strongs / High • Page 998

a presented, dedicated one, to the temple-service; a servant of the temple.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נְתִין

noun masculine • Root נתן • Strongs / High • Page 998

Aramaic word, same as נָתִין; a servant of the temple.

Noun common masculine plural determined, Particle affirmation

LXX: ναθινιμ ναθιναῖοι

LXX Usage Statistics

H5411:

ναθινιμ 9× (52.6%)

ναθιναῖοι 2× (11.3%)

H5412:

No stats available

ופלחי וּפָלְחֵי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

פלח

pᵉlach

Definition

to serve or worship

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H6398 (פלח);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to פלח; to serve or worship; minister, serve.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6399

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פְלַח

verb (aramaic) • Root פלח • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1171

Aram. tr. same as Hebrew. Only metaphorically, to serve, to worship; seldom to labour.

פֹּלֵחַ

particle • Root פלג • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1170

(Participle of פָּלַח) tr. to divide, to cleave; hence to furrow, to plow, to cultivate; also to serve, to worship.

פֶּלַח

usage / verb • Root פלח • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1171

A thing; figuratively, to bring forth, properly to let break forth.

פֶּלַח

noun masculine • Root פלח • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1171

m. A part cut off, a piece, the half; a piece, the upper mill-stone; מַפְלַחַת the lower mill-stone; perhaps what is cut and fitted to.

פֶּלַח

verb • Root פלח • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1172

(Not used) Transitive: to separate, to cut off, to divide, to single out, from a whole.

פָלְחָן

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root פלח • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1171

(From פְלַח) Aram. m. service of God, worship.

פְלַחֲנָא

noun proper masculine • Root פלח • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1171

(Worship, viz. belongs to El) proper name masculine.

Conjunction, Verb peal participle active masculine plural construct

LXX: λατρεύεισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6399:

λατρεύεισ 2× (20.3%)

בית בֵּית

house

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בית

bayith

Definition

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

Root

probably from H1129 (בנה) abbreviated;

Exhaustive

probably from בנה abbreviated; a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.); court, daughter, door, [phrase] dungeon, family, [phrase] forth of, [idiom] great as would contain, hangings, home(born), (winter) house(-hold), inside(-ward), palace, place, [phrase] prison, [phrase] steward, [phrase] tablet, temple, web, [phrase] within(-out).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1004

בית

bayith

Definition

{a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)}

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H1004 (בית)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to בית; {a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)}; house.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1005

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בִּית

verb • Root בית • Consonantal / Medium • Page 230

To pass the night.

Matched via consonantal key only

בַּיִת

noun masculine • Root בות • Consonantal / Medium • Page 237

house in the widest sense, consequently also tent, hut, tower, palace, temple

Matched via consonantal key only

בַּיִת

noun masculine (aramaic) • Consonantal / Medium • Page 239

The same [as Hebrew 'house']; king's house; temple; treasury; banquet-house.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בַּּיִת

noun • Page 97

A city of Moab, Is. 15:2. Elsewhere written more in full as בֵּית בַּעַל מְעוֹן.

בַּיִת

noun masculine • Root בות • Page 96

1. House, dwelling (Gen. 15:3, Ecc. 2:7). 2. Tent (Gen. 33:17, 2 K. 23:7). 3. Palace, temple (Gen. 12:15, 1 Sam. 5:2, 1 K. 4:6, Is. 14:18). 4. Applied to part of a house or palace, e.g., banqueting-hall (Est. 7:8) or harem (Est. 2:3). 5. Repository, place, or container of any thing, e.g., smelling bottles (Is. 3:20), places for staves (Ex. 26:29), spider's web (Job 8:14), trench (1 K. 18:32), or tomb (Neh. 2:3). 6. The inner part, within (Ex. 28:26, Gen. 6:14). 7. Figuratively: family, kindred, tribe, people (Ex. 12:4, Gen. 7:1, Hos. 8:1). 8. Particularly posterity (Ruth 4:11, 2 Sam. 7:27). 9. Strictly one's father's house (Gen. 24:23, 46:31, Num. 1:2).

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: οἶκον οἴκου οἴκῳ οἶκοσ pεἰσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1004b:

οἶκον 503× (20.8%)

οἴκου 413× (18.3%)

οἴκῳ 323× (12.8%)

οἶκοσ 163× (7.1%)

pεἰσ 92× (4.6%)

οἴκουσ 89× (3.7%)

οἰκίαν 75× (3.1%)

pἐν 70× (3.4%)

--- 57× (2.8%)

'' 54× (2.3%)

H1005:

No stats available

אלהא אֱלָהָא

upon

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אלוה

ʼĕlôwahh

Definition

a deity or the Deity

Root

rarely (shortened) אלה; probably prolonged (emphatic) from H410 (אל);

Exhaustive

rarely (shortened) אלה; probably prolonged (emphatic) from אל; a deity or the Deity; God, god. See אלהים.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H433

אלה

ʼĕlâhh

Definition

God

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H433 (אלוה);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to אלוה; God; God, god.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H426

a

Definition

the

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9010

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱלוֹהַ

noun masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 135

Singular noun for God. Prevails in the poetical books (especially Job) and late prose. Cognate with Aramaic אֱלָהּ (Elah), Samaritan אָלָה, and Arabic إِله (Ilah/Allah).

אֱלוֹהַּ

noun masculine • Root אל • Lemma_Lookup • Page 134

God; synonymous with אֵל. Applied to: a) heathen gods (e.g., god of fortresses), b) the most high and true God.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱלָהּ

noun masculine (aramaic) • Strongs_Numbers • Page 133

God (Aramaic), corresponding to the Hebrew אֱלוֹהַּ; used of Jehovah and other gods.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֱלוֹהַּ

m. prim. dec. i. • Root אלה • Page 51

God; to fear, reverence. Spoken by way of eminence of Jehovah, but also of other gods. Ref: Dan. 11:37-39; Neh. 9:17; 2 Chr. 32:15; Deut. 32:15, 17; Job 3:4; 4:9, etc.

אֱלָהּ

m. emph. אֱלָהָא. chald. • Page 51

i. q. Heb. אֱלוֹהַּ God. Plur. אֱלָהִין (the gods). Ref: Dan. 2:11; 5:4, 11, 14, 23. בַּר אֱלָהִין (son of the gods): Dan. 3:25.

Noun common both singular determined, Particle affirmation

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0433:

No stats available

H0426:

No stats available

דנה דְנָה

this one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זה

zeh

Definition

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that; he, [idiom] hence, [idiom] here, it(-self), [idiom] now, [idiom] of him, the one...the other, [idiom] than the other, ([idiom] out of) the (self) same, such (a one) that, these, this (hath, man), on this side...on that side, [idiom] thus, very, which. Compare זאת, זה, זו, זו.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2088

דן

dên

Definition

this

Root

(Aramaic) an orthographical variation of H1791 (דך);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) an orthographical variation of דך; this; (afore-) time, [phrase] after this manner, here (-after), one...another, such, there(-fore), these, this (matter), [phrase] thus, where(-fore), which.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1836

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זֶה

demonstrative pronoun / relative pronoun / particle • Root ז • Strongs / High • Page 425

A multi-purpose word. I. As a demonstrative pronoun: this, referring to what is present. II. As a relative pronoun: who, that, which. III. As a demonstrative particle appended to interrogatives for emphasis, or to denote manner ('how'), location ('here', 'there'), or time ('now', 'just now').

זֶה

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 425

A collateral form of שֶׂה (lamb or sheep), found only in 1 Samuel 17:34.

זֶה

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 427

A demonstrative pronoun ('this') or relative pronoun ('that which'), used without distinction of gender or number. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter antecedents.

זֶה

pronominal stem • Strongs / High • Page 431

(pronominal stem; not used) pron. demonstr. same as זֶה, forming with a prosthetic the time-particle אָז, which form also exists in the Aramaean אֱדַיִן.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דֵּן

pronoun demonstrative • Root די • Strongs / High • Page 374

A Chaldee demonstrative pronoun, 'this'. Masculine form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֹזֶה

verb • Page 184

To dream, to speak in one’s sleep (Is. 56:10).

זֶה

pronoun • Page 197

1. this. When doubled, one...the other, 1 K. 22:20, Is. 6:3. Sometimes implies contempt, like the Greek οὗτος, Ex. 32:1. 2. more rarely in poetry as a relative, who, like the Germ. der. Ps. 104:8. 3. here, for בָּזֶה in hoc scil. loco. Gen. 28:17. Hence מִזֶּה, hence, 37:17.

Particle demonstrative

LXX: τοῦτο τοῦτον οὗτοσ τούτου τούτῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2088:

τοῦτο 223× (14.4%)

τοῦτον 126× (8.3%)

οὗτοσ 96× (6.2%)

τούτου 95× (6.1%)

τούτῳ 74× (4.9%)

'' 63× (3.5%)

ταύτησ 56× (3.6%)

ταύτῃ 52× (3.2%)

'' 39× (2.2%)

αὕτη 39× (2.6%)

H1836:

No stats available

מנדה מִנְדָּה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מדה

middâh

Definition

properly, extension, i.e. height or breadth; also a measure (including its standard); hence a portion (as measured) or a vestment; specifically, tribute (as measured)

Root

feminine of H4055 (מד);

Exhaustive

feminine of מד; properly, extension, i.e. height or breadth; also a measure (including its standard); hence a portion (as measured) or a vestment; specifically, tribute (as measured); garment, measure(-ing, meteyard, piece, size, (great) stature, tribute, wide.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4060

מדה

middâh

Definition

tribute in money

Root

(Aramaic) or מנדה; (Aramaic), corresponding to H4060 (מדה);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) or מנדה; (Aramaic), corresponding to מדה; tribute in money; toll, tribute.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4061

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִדָּה

noun (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 811

Aramaic, same as the Hebrew word מִדָּה.

מִדָּה

noun feminine • Root מדד • Strongs / High • Page 812

1. extension, length, tallness, dimension, width, continuance. 2. a measure, a measuring-line, measuring-reed. 3. gift, offering, tribute.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִדָּה

noun feminine • Root מדד • Page 356

1. extension, great extent (1 Chr. 11: 23). 2. a measure, length measured out (Ex. 26: 2, 8). 3. a garment (Ps. 133: 2). 4. as in Chald. tribute (Neh. 5: 4).

מִדָּה

m. chald. • Page 356

tribute, pars cuivis demensa (Ezra 4: 20, 6: 3). Sometimes written מִנְדָּה (Ezra 4: 13, 7: 24).

מִנְדָּה

f. chald. • Root מרר • Page 384

Tribute, custom. i.q. מִדָּה (by a resolution of the Dagesh forte into Nun). Ezra 4:13, 7:24.

Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX: μέτρον μέτρα --- μέτρου μέτρῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4060b:

μέτρον 15× (25.6%)

μέτρα 10× (13.5%)

--- 4× (7.3%)

μέτρου 4× (6.4%)

μέτρῳ 3× (5.2%)

διαμέτρησισ 3× (4.6%)

φόροι 2× (3.4%)

αὐτῆσ 2× (2.5%)

H4061:

No stats available

בלו בְלוֹ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בלו

bᵉlôw

Definition

excise (on articles consumed)

Root

(Aramaic) from a root corresponding to H1086 (בלה);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) from a root corresponding to בלה; excise (on articles consumed); tribute.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1093

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בְּלוֹ

noun feminine (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 247

Consumption; metaphorically a tax on articles consumed, excise, toll.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בְּלוֹ

noun • Page 100

A tax on consumable articles, an excise; or rather an oppressive tax; a tribute generally (Ezra 4:13, 20, 7:24).

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H1093:

No stats available

והלך וַהֲלָךְ

and he has walked

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הלך

hâlak

Definition

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Root

akin to H3212 (ילך); a primitive root;

Exhaustive

akin to ילך; a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively); (all) along, apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant, depart, [phrase] be eased, enter, exercise (self), [phrase] follow, forth, forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on, out, up and down), [phrase] greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead, march, [idiom] more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away), be at the point, quite, run (along), [phrase] send, speedily, spread, still, surely, [phrase] tale-bearer, [phrase] travel(-ler), walk (abroad, on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax, (way-) faring man, [idiom] be weak, whirl.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1980

הלך

hălâk

Definition

properly, a journey, i.e. (by implication) toll on goods at aroad

Root

(Aramaic) from H1981 (הלך);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) from הלך; properly, a journey, i.e. (by implication) toll on goods at aroad; custom.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1983

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 401

An intransitive verb meaning to go, to walk, or to move forward in the widest sense. It applies to people, animals, and inanimate objects (e.g., a border extending, a report spreading, a ship sailing, the moon walking). The fundamental signification is varied by numerous prepositions indicating direction or manner, such as to go to/against (אֶל), to go with/accompany (עִם), to go after/follow (אַחֲרֵי), and to go before (לִפְנֵי).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 402

To go, to walk; to disappear, pass, retire; to stalk; also used as an auxiliary verb.

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 755

to go to

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הֲלָךְ

noun masculine • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 402

A road-tax, a toll.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 186

To go, in whatever manner; applied to things animate and inanimate (e.g., ark floating, boundary extending, report circulating). Various constructions include: (1) with accusative 'to go through' (Deut. 1:19); (2) with 'ב' 'to go with' (Ex. 10:9); (3) with 'עם' or 'את' 'to be conversant with' (Job 34:8); (4) with 'אַחֲרֵי' 'to go after, follow' (Gen. 24:5, 37:17).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 187

To go, walk. (Continued senses on this page): 2. To walk, figuratively for to live. Ps. 15:2, Is. 33:15, Mic. 2:11. 3. To depart, to die. Gen. 15:2, Ps. 39:14. 4. To pass away, to perish. Ps. 78:39, Job 19:10, 14:20. 5. To run, flow (spoken of water). Is. 8:8, Joel 4:18, Ezek. 7:17, 21:12. 6. To go on, continue, last. Gen. 26:13, Judg. 4:24, 1 Sam. 14:19, 2 Sam. 5:10, 18:25, Gen. 8:3.

הֲלָךְ

m. chald. • Page 188

toll. Ezra 4: 13, 20. 7: 24.

Conjunction, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ἐπορεύθη ἐπορεύθησαν δεῦρο πορεύεσθαι ἀπῆλθεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1980:

ἐπορεύθη 192× (11.4%)

ἐπορεύθησαν 77× (4.7%)

δεῦρο 53× (3.5%)

πορεύεσθαι 52× (3.0%)

ἀπῆλθεν 50× (3.0%)

πορευθῆναι 39× (2.3%)

πορεύου 35× (2.3%)

πορεύσονται 35× (2.2%)

πορεύσομαι 34× (2.2%)

ἐπορεύετο 33× (2.1%)

H1983:

No stats available

לא לָא

not

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

לא

lôʼ

Definition

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

Root

or לוא; or לה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle;

Exhaustive

or לוא; or לה; (Deuteronomy 3:11), a primitive particle; not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles; [idiom] before, [phrase] or else, ere, [phrase] except, ig(-norant), much, less, nay, neither, never, no((-ne), -r, (-thing)), ([idiom] as though...,(can-), for) not (out of), of nought, otherwise, out of, [phrase] surely, [phrase] as truly as, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] verily, for want, [phrase] whether, without.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3808

לא

lâʼ

Definition

{not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no;}

Root

(Aramaic) or לה; (Aramaic) (Daniel 4:32), corresponding to H3808 (לא)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) or לה; (Aramaic) (Daniel 4:32), corresponding to לא; {not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no;}; or even, neither, no(-ne, -r), (can-) not, as nothing, without.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3809

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

לֹא

negative particle • Root אל • Strongs / High • Page 759

A negative particle; not, no. It functions as an absolute negative, a negative answer to a question, or a refusal. Used with verbs in various tenses and moods to express negation or prohibition.

לֹא

particle • Strongs / High • Page 761

A K'ri reading for לוֹ.

לֹא

adverb / particle • Strongs / High • Page 760

Not; No; Nothing (substantive use); Before (cognate sense to טֶרֶם).

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

לָא

aramaic adverb (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 759

Aramaic adverb, same as Hebrew לֹא; not.

לָא

substantive • Strongs / High • Page 759

A substantive meaning nothing.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

לֹא

adverb • Page 338

A primitive adverb of negation (more rarely לוֹא). 1. not. 2. no (Gen. 19:2). 3. nothing (Job 6:21). 4. without (1 Chr. 2:30). 5. interrogative, nonne? (Jon. 4:11). 6. lest, that not (Ex. 28:32). 7. In combination with adjectives/substantives it gives a negative signification (e.g., לֹא עֹז without strength).

לָא

chald. adv. • Page 338

1. not. 2. nothing (Dan. 4:32 [4:35]).

Particle negative

LXX: οὐκ οὐ μὴ οὐδὲ οὐχ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3808:

οὐκ 1137× (34.5%)

οὐ 797× (24.2%)

μὴ 184× (5.6%)

οὐδὲ 150× (4.5%)

οὐχ 127× (3.9%)

οὐχὶ 120× (3.6%)

--- 98× (3.0%)

'' 94× (2.4%)

---% 62× (1.5%)

οὐκέτι 50× (1.4%)

H3809:

No stats available

שליט שַׁלּיט

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שליט

shallîyṭ

Definition

potent; concretely, a prince or warrior

Root

from H7980 (שלט);

Exhaustive

from שלט; potent; concretely, a prince or warrior; governor, mighty, that hath power, ruler.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7989

שליט

shallîyṭ

Definition

mighty; abstractly, permission; concretely, a premier

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H7989 (שליט);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to שליט; mighty; abstractly, permission; concretely, a premier; captain, be lawful, rule(-r).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7990

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שַׁלִּיט

adjective • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1433

Mighty, of a king; subst. a ruler, a magistrate, a satrap.

Matched via consonantal key only

שַׁלִּיט

noun masculine • Root שלט • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1433

One having power, a ruler, a hero, one who has power over the wind.

Matched via consonantal key only

שַׁלִּיט

adjective (aramaic) • Root שלט • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1433

Mighty, of a king; subst. a ruler, a magistrate, a satrap. (Aram.)

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שַׁלִּיט

noun masculine • Root שלט • Page 679

1. adj. having power over any thing, construed with בְּ. Ecc. 8: 8. 2. subst. a mighty or powerful man, a ruler. Ecc. 7: 19. 10: 5. Gen. 42: 6.

שַׁלִּיט

chald. adj. • Page 679

1. mighty, powerful, having power. Dan. 2: 10. 4: 23. [4: 26.] 2. construed with לְ, permitted to be done. Ezra 7: 24. 3. subst. a powerful man, a ruler, officer. Dan. 2: 15. 5: 29. Ezra 4: 20.

Adjective adjective both singular absolute

LXX: ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H7989:

'' 4× (28.5%)

H7990:

No stats available

למרמא לְמִרְמֵא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

רמה

râmâh

Definition

to hurl; specifically, to shoot; figuratively, to delude or betray (as if causing to fall)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to hurl; specifically, to shoot; figuratively, to delude or betray (as if causing to fall); beguile, betray, (bow-) man, carry, deceive, throw.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7411

רמה

rᵉmâh

Definition

to throw, set, (figuratively) assess

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H7411 (רמה);

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to רמה; to throw, set, (figuratively) assess; cast (down), impose.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7412

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רָמָה

verb • Root רמה • Strongs / High • Page 1340

I. Transitive: 1. To cast into, precipitate, or shoot (as an archer). 2. To cause to fall, to bring to ruin, to make stumble; hence to deceive, disappoint, to betray. (Pih. form רִמָּה: to cast down; to deceive/betray/act with cunning).

רָמָה

verb • Root רמם • Strongs / High • Page 1340

II. (Not used) Intransitive: Same as רָם; to be high, elevated; of a building, to be set high, to be firm; of men, to be strong.

רָמָה

verb • Root רפה • Strongs / High • Page 1340

III. (Not used) Intransitive: To be sunk, bowed; hence metaphorically to be weary, slack. A collateral form of רָפָה II.

רָמָה

verb • Root רמה • Strongs / High • Page 1340

IV. (Not used) Intransitive: To be red. Identical with רָדַם I.

רָמָה

noun masculine • Root רמם • Strongs / High • Page 1340

1. An elevated place, a height, often for idolatrous purposes. 2. N. p. of a city in Benjamin. 3. N. p. of the native city and dwelling place of Samuel. 4. N. p. of a city in Naphtali and Asher. 5. Reference to Ramoth-Gilead.

רָמָה

adjective • Root רם • Strongs / High • Page 1340

An adjective, feminine form of רָם, and then a substantive.

רָמָה

verb • Root רמה • Strongs / High • Page 1342

to bring forth, of mares, to whelp, after the Arab. to bear, of a wild animal.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זִרְמָה

noun feminine • Root ירם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 446

a flowing or emission (of seed), an efflux, concrete seed-pouring tube, rod.

חָרְמָה

noun proper • Root חרם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 530

(meaning fortress, mountain-fastness; from חָרַם III) A proper name of a royal city of the Canaanites.

יָרְמָה

noun masculine • Root רום • Lemma_Lookup • Page 651

(arising from the future of רוּם) masculine, the elevated, only in the proper names יִרְמְיָה, יִרְמְיָהוּ.

מִרְמָה

feminine noun • Root רמה • Lemma_Lookup • Page 909

What causes a fall or makes one stumble; hence fraud, falsehood, cunning, deceit, treachery, treason, unrighteous possession, extortion.

עֶרְמָה

noun • Root ערם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 797

Heap.

עַרְמָה

noun feminine • Root ערם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1136

a heap, a heap of grain, of sheaves, of rubbish.

עָרְמָה

noun feminine • Root ערם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1136

cunning, craft, prudence.

רִמָּה

noun feminine • Root רמם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1341

A worm, collective worms, prop. what crawls or creeps; putridity (as Arab. رِمَّة); also a figure of mean men.

רָמָה

verb • Root רמה • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1340

I. Transitive: 1. To cast into, precipitate, or shoot (as an archer). 2. To cause to fall, to bring to ruin, to make stumble; hence to deceive, disappoint, to betray. (Pih. form רִמָּה: to cast down; to deceive/betray/act with cunning).

רָמָה

verb • Root רמם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1340

II. (Not used) Intransitive: Same as רָם; to be high, elevated; of a building, to be set high, to be firm; of men, to be strong.

רָמָה

verb • Root רפה • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1340

III. (Not used) Intransitive: To be sunk, bowed; hence metaphorically to be weary, slack. A collateral form of רָפָה II.

רָמָה

verb • Root רמה • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1340

IV. (Not used) Intransitive: To be red. Identical with רָדַם I.

רָמָה

noun masculine • Root רמם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1340

1. An elevated place, a height, often for idolatrous purposes. 2. N. p. of a city in Benjamin. 3. N. p. of the native city and dwelling place of Samuel. 4. N. p. of a city in Naphtali and Asher. 5. Reference to Ramoth-Gilead.

רָמָה

adjective • Root רם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1340

An adjective, feminine form of רָם, and then a substantive.

רָמָה

verb • Root רמה • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1342

to bring forth, of mares, to whelp, after the Arab. to bear, of a wild animal.

שְׁרֵמָה

noun feminine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1484

The burnt place, i.e. the burnt city of Zion with the temple and royal palace (only found in plural מִשְׂרְמֹת).

שְׁרֵמָה

noun • Root שרם • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1484

K'tib entry, debated against K'ri reading שְׁדֵמָה (field/cultivated ground).

תֹּגַרְמָה

noun proper • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1499

N. p. of a people (in the later Scriptures תֹּגַרְמִי; in some mss. תִּגְרְמָה) descended from the Cimmerians and remotely from Japhet. National race Togarmah, mentioned in Gen. 10, 3; 1 Chr. 1, 6, known for rich trading in horses, chariots, and mules (Ez. 27, 14). Seems to be Armenia.

תּוּגְרְמָה

unknown • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1502

see תֹּגַרְמָה.

תַּרְמָה

noun feminine • Root רמה • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1532

Fraud, deceit.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

רָמָה

verb • Page 620

1. to throw. Only Ex. 15: 1, 21. 2. to shoot (with a bow.) Jer. 4: 29; Ps. 78: 9. Pi. to deceive, beguile, (primarily to cause to fall, to trip up). Prov. 26: 19; Gen. 29: 25.

רָמָה

noun feminine • Root רום • Page 620

1. a height, high place. 1 Sam. 22: 6. Particularly for the worship of idols, Ezek. 16: 24, 25, 39. 2. proper name of several cities (e.g., in Benjamin, Ephraim, Naphtali).

Preposition, Verb peal infinitive construct common

LXX: παρελογίσω ἔρριψεν '' ῥιφήσεται

LXX Usage Statistics

H7411a:

παρελογίσω 3× (13.3%)

ἔρριψεν 2× (8.9%)

'' 2× (7.6%)

ῥιφήσεται 2× (6.9%)

H7412:

No stats available

עליהם עֲלֵיהֹם׃

upon themselves

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

על

ʻal

Definition

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Root

properly, the same as H5920 (על) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following);

Exhaustive

properly, the same as על used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5921

על

ʻal

Definition

{above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications}

Root

(Aramaic) corresponding to H5921 (על)

Exhaustive

(Aramaic) corresponding to על; {above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications}; about, against, concerning, for, (there-) fore, from, in, [idiom] more, of, (there-, up-) on, (in-) to, [phrase] why with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5922

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַל

adjective / noun • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

Highest; same as עֶלְיוֹן. This form is abridged from עָלָה and derived from עָלַי (like יַד from יָדָה I.), serving as the construct form עֲלֵי (out of עֲלַאי).

עַל

preposition / adverb • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

A preposition: upon, over, above, super, in the widest sense. It expresses protecting, covering, resting above upon (answering to 'where'); motion toward the upper surface (answering to 'whither?'); local direction to a more distant agency; or proximity/timing ('with, at'). Used figuratively as dat. commodi and incommodi, meaning a burden or duty upon one, or with certain verbs replacing the dative case. Also expresses motion down upon or up to, sometimes interchanging with אֶל.

עַל

preposition / adverb • Strongs / High • Page 1089

Preposition or Adverb meaning upon, over, at, above (denoting physical overtopping or mental superiority/dominion); expressing addition (to, reckoned to); proximity (by, around); suitability (according to); or occasionally used concessively (though, quanquam).

עַל

preposition / particle / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Properly, over, upon, concerning, notwithstanding, against, towards, for the sake of, on account of. Used to express position, antithesis, or distance (away from). After certain verbs, signifies giving way, removing, or fleeing. Also forms various compound particles (e.g., עַל-מָה, עַל-כֵּן, עַל אֲשֶׁר).

עַל

preposition (aramaic) • Root אלא • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew עַל. Means: Upon, over, on account of, unto, against, or dative. (Used with suffixes like עָלַי, עָלֵךְ, עֲלֵיהוֹן).

עַל

noun / prepos. • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה, listed as a noun and a preposition.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַל

substantive / adverb / adjective • Root עלה • Page 507

Strictly a substantive meaning whatever is high or uppermost (Hos. 7:16, 11:7). Used as an adverb: (1.) 'above' (Gen. 27:39, 49:25; Ps. 50:4). Used as an adjective: (2.) 'high' (2 Sam. 23:1).

Preposition, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: ἐπὶ ἐπ' ἐφ' τοῦτο ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H5921a:

ἐπὶ 1722× (33.1%)

ἐπ' 701× (13.4%)

ἐφ' 195× (3.7%)

τοῦτο 116× (1.9%)

'' 116× (1.9%)

περὶ 113× (2.2%)

ἀπὸ 108× (2.1%)

--- 108× (2.1%)

αὐτοὺσ 95× (1.6%)

εἰσ 93× (1.8%)

H5922:

No stats available

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And making known to you that all the priests and Levites, the players, the porters, the Nethinims, and those serving this house of God, tribute, excise and toll, not being permitted to be lifted up upon them.

LITV Translation:
Also, we notify you that in regard to any of the priests and the Levites, singers, gatekeepers, temple-slaves, or ministers of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose toll, taxes, or forced labor on them.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Also this has been declared to you, with respect to all the priests, and Levites, the singers, porters, Nathinim and ministers of the house of God, let no tribute be paid to thee; thou shalt not have power to oppress them.