Ezra 10:31

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ובני וּבְנֵי

and sons

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Conjunction, Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

חרם חָרם

ban

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חרם

Chârim

Definition

Charim, an Israelite

Root

from H2763 (חרם); snub-nosed;

Exhaustive

from חרם; snub-nosed; Charim, an Israelite; Harim.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2766

בר

bar

Definition

the heir (apparent to the throne)

Root

borrowed (as a title) from H1247 (בר);

Exhaustive

borrowed (as a title) from בר; the heir (apparent to the throne); son.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1248

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָרִם

noun proper masculine • Root חרם • Strongs / High • Page 530

A proper name meaning 'snub-nosed'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בַּר

noun masculine • Root ברר • Page 113

I. son; in Hebrew used only poetically. References: Prov. 31: 2; Ps. 2: 12. Some derive this from the root בָּרַר.

בַּר

verb • Root ברר • Page 113

II. 1. pure, clear, unspotted, especially in a moral sense (Job 11: 4; Ps. 24: 4; 73: 1). 2. empty (Prov. 14: 4).

בַּר

noun masculine • Page 113

III. corn, grain (Gen. 41: 35, 49; 42: 3, 25); rarely spoken of standing corn (Ps. 65: 14).

בַּר

m. chald. • Root ברא • Page 113

1. son (Dan. 6: 1); בַּר אֱלָהִין son of the gods, an angel (Dan. 3: 25). 2. grandson (Ezra 5: 1).

בַּר

noun masculine • Page 113

field. Reference: Job 39: 4.

בַּר

chald. emph. בָּרָא • Page 113

field, open country. References: Dan. 2: 38; 4: 18, 20, 22, 29.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ηραμ τέκνον

LXX Usage Statistics

H2766:

ηραμ 7× (65.4%)

Harim_§Harim@1Ch.24.8:

τέκνον 3× (39.3%)

אליעזר אֱלִיעֶזֶר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אליעזר

ʼĔlîyʻezer

Definition

Eliezer, the name of a Damascene and of ten Israelites

Root

from H410 (אל) and H5828 (עזר); God of help;

Exhaustive

from אל and עזר; God of help; Eliezer, the name of a Damascene and of ten Israelites; Eliezer.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H461

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱלִיעֶזֶר

noun proper masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 139

'El is help'; proper name masculine

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0461:

No stats available

ישיה יִשִּׁיָּה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ישיה

Yishshîyâh

Definition

Jishshijah, the name of five Israelites

Root

or ישיהו; from H5383 (נשה) and H3050 (יה); Jah will lend;

Exhaustive

or ישיהו; from נשה and יה; Jah will lend; Jishshijah, the name of five Israelites; Ishiah, Isshiah, Ishijah, Jesiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3449

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יִשְׁיָה

noun / proper / masculine • Root יש היה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 658

Jah is existing, living; a proper name.

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ισια

LXX Usage Statistics

H3449:

ισια 3× (43.5%)

מלכיה מַלְכִּיָּה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מלכיה

Malkîyâh

Definition

Malkijah, the name of ten Israelites

Root

or מלכיהוlemma מלכיהו missing dagesh, corrected to מלכיהו; (Jeremiah [38:6), from H4428 (מלך) and H3050 (יה); king of (i.e. appointed by) Jah;

Exhaustive

or מלכיהוlemma מלכיהו missing dagesh, corrected to מלכיהו; (Jeremiah [38:6), from מלך and יה; king of (i.e. appointed by) Jah; Malkijah, the name of ten Israelites; Malchiah, Malchijah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4441

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַלְכִּיָּה

noun proper masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 861

Jah is King. A proper name.

Matched via consonantal key only

מַלְכִּיָּה

noun proper masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 861

The same name as the previous entry.

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: μελχια μελχιασ μελχιου

LXX Usage Statistics

H4441:

μελχια 9× (60.0%)

μελχιασ 3× (18.9%)

μελχιου 2× (14.0%)

שמעיה שְׁמַעְיָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שמעיה

Shᵉmaʻyâh

Definition

Shemajah, the name of twenty-five Israelites

Root

or שמעיהו; from H8085 (שמע) and H3050 (יה); Jah has heard;

Exhaustive

or שמעיהו; from שמע and יה; Jah has heard; Shemajah, the name of twenty-five Israelites; Shemaiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8098

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁמַעְיָה

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1452

A proper name appearing in various forms (including שְׁמִיעָה, שִׁמָּה, and שַׁמּוּעַ) across Biblical references.

שְׁמַעְיָה

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1452

The same (proper name).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: σαμαια σαμαιαν σαμαιασ σεμεϊ σαμαιου

LXX Usage Statistics

H8098:

σαμαια 16× (38.5%)

σαμαιαν 7× (17.9%)

σαμαιασ 7× (17.1%)

σεμεϊ 3× (7.3%)

σαμαιου 2× (5.1%)

שמעון שִׁמְעוֹן׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שמעון

Shimʻôwn

Definition

Shimon, one of Jacob's sons, also the tribe descended from him

Root

from H8085 (שמע); hearing;

Exhaustive

from שמע; hearing; Shimon, one of Jacob's sons, also the tribe descended from him; Simeon.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8095

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שִׁמְעוֹן

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1452

Hearing, or a famous one. The founder of a tribe and the name of a district in Palestine. Greek Σιμεών and Συμεών.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שִׁמְעוֹן

proper name • Root שמע • Page 688

a hearing. Simeon, proper name of a son of Jacob by Leah, and progenitor of the tribe which is named from him. Gen. 29: 33. Josh. 19: 1—9.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: συμεων

LXX Usage Statistics

H8095:

συμεων 42× (87.7%)

συμεων 4× (8.0%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And the sons of Harim: Eleazar, Ishijah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,

LITV Translation:
And from the sons of Harim: Eliezer, Ishijah, Malchiah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And of the sons of Harim; Eliezer, Isshijah, Malchijah, Shemaiah, Shimeon,