Ezra 1:9

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ואלה וְאֵלֶּה

the a mighty one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אלה

ʼâlâh

Definition

an imprecation

Root

from H422 (אלה);

Exhaustive

from אלה; an imprecation; curse, cursing, execration, oath, swearing.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H423

אלה

ʼêlâh

Definition

an oak or other strong tree

Root

feminine of H352 (איל);

Exhaustive

lemma אלה first vowel, corrected to אלה; feminine of איל; an oak or other strong tree; elm, oak, teil-tree.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H424

אלה

ʼêl-leh

Definition

these or those

Root

prolonged from H411 (אל);

Exhaustive

prolonged from אל; these or those; an-(the) other; one sort, so, some, such, them, these (same), they, this, those, thus, which, who(-m).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָלָה

verb • Root אל • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

I. 1. To be strong, powerful, stout (intr.); 2. To strengthen, to swear, confirm by an oath (tr.); 3. To curse (not used); 4. To be fat.

אָלָה

noun feminine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 132

1. An oath (allied in sense is שְׁבֻעָה); 2. A covenant confirmed by an oath; 3. Curse, imprecation, connected with exclamations of swearing.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֵלֶּה

pronoun • Page 51

these, employed as the plural of זֶה (zeh) and זאת (zot). Ref: Judg. 6:11, 19; 1 Sam. 17:2, 19; 2 Sam. 18:9, 14; Ezek. 31:14.

אֵלֶּה

chald. pron. plur. • Page 51

Chaldee equivalent of the Hebrew אֵלֶּה (these). Ref: Jer. 10:11.

אָלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אלה • Page 50

1. oath; 2. particularly a covenant confirmed by an oath (Gen. 26:28); 3. imprecation, curse (Num. 5:21).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

1. to swear (1 K. 8:31); 2. to curse (Judg. 17:2). Hiph. to cause to swear (1 K. 8:31).

אָלָה

verb • Page 50

to lament (Joel 1:8). Equivalent to Syriac usage.

אֵלָה

f. verbal / dec. x • Root אל • Page 50

turpentine-tree, pistacia terebinthus. A common tree in Palestine growing to considerable height with evergreen leaves and clustering fruit (Gen. 35:4).

Conjunction, Particle demonstrative

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0423:

No stats available

H0424:

No stats available

H0428:

No stats available

מספרם מִסְפָּרָם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מספר

miçpâr

Definition

a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration

Root

from H5608 (ספר);

Exhaustive

from ספר; a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration; [phrase] abundance, account, [idiom] all, [idiom] few, (in-) finite, (certain) number(-ed), tale, telling, [phrase] time.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4557

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִסְפָּר

noun / masculine • Root ספר • Strongs / High • Page 878

1. A telling, narrative. 2. A number. 3. What can be numbered, hence few or small. 4. A proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִסְפָּר

m. verbal from סָפַר • Root ספר • Page 389

1. Number. Used adverbially to mean 'by number' (Ex. 16:16; Job 1:5). Phrases like אֵין מִסְפָּר mean 'without number, innumerable' (Gen. 41:49; Job 5:9). 2. A relation, narration (Judg. 7:15).

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: ἀριθμὸν ἀριθμὸσ ἀριθμόσ ἀριθμῷ κατ'

LXX Usage Statistics

H4557:

ἀριθμὸν 56× (35.0%)

ἀριθμὸσ 19× (12.7%)

ἀριθμόσ 15× (11.3%)

ἀριθμῷ 15× (10.4%)

κατ' 5× (3.5%)

ἀριθμον 3× (2.3%)

pκατ' 3× (2.3%)

---% 3× (1.8%)

--- 2× (1.5%)

ἀριθμητὰ 2× (1.4%)

אגרטלי אֲגַרְטְלֵי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אגרטל

ʼăgarṭâl

Definition

a basin

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a basin; charger.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H105

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲגַרְטָל

noun • Strongs_Numbers • Page 42

basin, cup

אֲגַרְטָל

noun masculine • Root אגר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 60

a word used only by Ezra for cup, bowl; properly hollowed out, deepened.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲגַרְטָל

m. dec. ii. b. • Page 25

golden or silver basins. Found only in Ezra 1:9. The derivation and meaning are doubtful; sometimes associated with the Greek κάρταלλος (basket).

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0105:

No stats available

זהב זָהָ֜ב

gold

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זהב

zâhâb

Definition

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky

Root

from an unused root meaning to shimmer;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to shimmer; gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky; gold(-en), fair weather.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2091

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זָהָב

noun masculine • Root זהב • Strongs / High • Page 426

1. gold, as metal. 2. Figuratively, oil, so called from its shining colour; perhaps also the sun or the golden brightness of the sky.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

זָהָב

m. prim. • Page 198

1. gold (Gen. 24:22, 53. 36:39). 2. figuratively the golden splendour (of the firmament), Job 37:22; gold-coloured oil, Zech. 4:12.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: χρυσίον χρυσίου χρυσίῳ '' χρυσᾶ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2091:

χρυσίον 81× (17.4%)

χρυσίου 71× (16.5%)

χρυσίῳ 39× (9.3%)

'' 29× (6.3%)

χρυσᾶ 25× (6.0%)

χρυσοῦσ 22× (5.4%)

χρυσῶν 19× (4.6%)

χρυσοῦν 18× (4.3%)

χρυσᾶσ 14× (3.5%)

pἐκ 14× (3.6%)

שלשים שְׁלֹשִׁ֗ים

thirty

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שלושים

shᵉlôwshîym

Definition

thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth

Root

or שלשים; multiple of H7969 (שלוש);

Exhaustive

or שלשים; multiple of שלוש; thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth; thirty, thirtieth. Compare שליש.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7970

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁלִשִׁים

unknown • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1441

(Or שְׁלֹשִׁים) Only in Prov. 22, 20 K'ri: sometimes translated three times, threefold, i. e. often.

Matched via consonantal key only

שְׁלֹשִׁים

numeral • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

thirty (increase by tens), given by the plural without distinction of gender.

Matched via consonantal key only

שְׁלֹשִׁים

m. plur. • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1441

m. plur. 1. thirty. 2. Same as שְׁלֹשָׁה (2), an association of heroes.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שְׁלִשִׁים

masc. plur. denom. • Root שלש • Page 683

posterity of the third generation, grand-children. Ex. 20: 5. 34: 7. Includes 'great grand-children' Gen. 50: 23.

שְׁלֹשִׁים

com. gen. • Root שלוש • Page 683

thirty. Used as an ordinal, 1 K. 16: 23.

Adjective cardinal number masculine plural absolute

LXX: τριάκοντα ἑκατὸν δύο τριακοστῷ πέντε

LXX Usage Statistics

H7970:

τριάκοντα 133× (51.5%)

ἑκατὸν 26× (9.6%)

δύο 14× (4.8%)

τριακοστῷ 11× (4.0%)

πέντε 10× (3.4%)

πεντεκαιεικοσαετοῦσ 6× (2.2%)

εἴκοσι 4× (1.4%)

τρία 4× (1.3%)

τρεῖσ 4× (1.5%)

ὡσεὶ 3× (1.3%)

אגרטלי אֲגַרְטְלֵי־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אגרטל

ʼăgarṭâl

Definition

a basin

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a basin; charger.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H105

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲגַרְטָל

noun • Strongs_Numbers • Page 42

basin, cup

אֲגַרְטָל

noun masculine • Root אגר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 60

a word used only by Ezra for cup, bowl; properly hollowed out, deepened.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲגַרְטָל

m. dec. ii. b. • Page 25

golden or silver basins. Found only in Ezra 1:9. The derivation and meaning are doubtful; sometimes associated with the Greek κάρταלλος (basket).

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0105:

No stats available

כסף כֶסֶף

silver

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כסף

keçeph

Definition

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

Root

from H3700 (כסף);

Exhaustive

from כסף; silver (from its pale color); by implication, money; money, price, silver(-ling).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3701

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֶּסֶף

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 723

silver, so called from its whitish-grey, pale colour. It is used to denote silver as a metal, a shekel of silver, silver-ore, money, or what is bought for money.

כֶּסֶף

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 723

Aramaic word for silver, money.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֶּסֶף

noun masculine • Page 324

1. silver. Gen. 23: 15. 2. money generally. Gen. 23: 13. Deut. 23: 20.

כְּסַף

chald. • Page 324

Chald. idem. (equivalent to silver). Dan. 2: 35. 5: 2, 4, 23.

כָּסַף

verb • Page 324

1. to be greedy or long for any thing. Ps. 17: 12. 2. to have compassion. Job 14: 15. Niph. to long for; to blush or be ashamed. Gen. 31: 30. Zeph. 2: 1.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ἀργύριον ἀργυρίου ἀργυρίῳ ἀργυρᾶν ἀργυρᾶ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3701:

ἀργύριον 156× (36.0%)

ἀργυρίου 104× (25.5%)

ἀργυρίῳ 18× (4.1%)

ἀργυρᾶν 15× (3.9%)

ἀργυρᾶ 11× (2.7%)

'' 11× (2.5%)

ἀργυροῦν 11× (2.8%)

ἀργυραῖ 9× (2.3%)

ἀργυρᾶσ 7× (1.8%)

--- 7× (1.8%)

אלף אָלֶף

a thousand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אלף

ʼeleph

Definition

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

Root

prop, the same as H504 (אלף);

Exhaustive

prop, the same as אלף; hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand; thousand.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H505

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֶלֶף

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 143

Oxen, heifers, cattle for the yoke; tame house-animals; the name of the first letter of the alphabet.

אֶלֶף

numeral / noun masculine • Root אלף • Strongs_Numbers • Page 144

As a numeral, a thousand; properly the union of many individuals, a mass; then fixed to a definite number.

אֶלֶף

noun masculine • Root אלף • Strongs_Numbers • Page 144

Properly a union of family members, therefore association of the members of a family or tribe, larger communities into which every race was divided; a smaller division of a tribe or race.

אֶלֶף

noun proper • Root אלף • Strongs_Numbers • Page 144

A city in Benjamin's territory (Josh. 18, 28).

אֶלֶף

unknown • Strongs_Numbers • Page 145

see אַלּוּף

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶלֶף

masc. epicene / dec. vi. b. • Root אלף • Page 54

I. ox, animal of the ox kind. Deut. 7: 13. 28: 4. Ps. 8: 8. Perhaps denoting literally tame cattle.

אֶלֶף

m. prim. dec. vi. b. • Page 54

II. 1. thousand. Dual אַלְפַּיִם. Plur. אֲלָפִים. 2. family, subdivision of a tribe, originally of a thousand, i. q. מִשְׁפָּחָה. Judg. 6: 15. 1 Sam. 10: 19. 23: 23.

Adjective cardinal number both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0505:

No stats available

מחלפים מַחֲלָפים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מחלף

machălâph

Definition

a (sacrificial) knife (as gliding through the flesh)

Root

from H2498 (חלף);

Exhaustive

from חלף; a (sacrificial) knife (as gliding through the flesh); knife.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4252

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַחֲלָף

masculine noun • Root חלף • Strongs / High • Page 836

A knife.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מַחֲלָף

m. dec. ii. b. • Page 368

A knife, for slaying victims. Ezra 1: 9.

Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H4252:

No stats available

תשעה תִּשְׁעָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

תשע

têshaʻ

Definition

nine or (ordinal) ninth

Root

or (masculine) תשעה; perhaps from H8159 (שעה) through the idea of a turn to the next or full number ten;

Exhaustive

or (masculine) תשעה; perhaps from שעה through the idea of a turn to the next or full number ten; nine or (ordinal) ninth; nine ([phrase] -teen, [phrase] -teenth, -th).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8672

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תֵּשַׁע

numeral cardinal • Strongs / High • Page 1536

Nine (cardinal number, feminine form, with masculine form תִּשְׁעָה). It is also used to stand for the ordinal number ('the ninth'). When combined with עָשָׂר, it denotes nineteen.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תֵּשַׁע

noun feminine • Page 729

nine. (Construct form תְּשַׁע; masculine form תִּשְׁעָה, const. תִּשְׁעַת). Also used for 'ninth' in the numbering of days (e.g., Lev. 23: 32). Plural form תִּשְׁעִים means ninety.

Adjective cardinal number feminine singular absolute

LXX: ἐννέα ἐννακόσια ἐννακόσιοι εἴκοσι πεντήκοντα

LXX Usage Statistics

H8672:

ἐννέα 24× (27.7%)

ἐννακόσια 9× (12.1%)

ἐννακόσιοι 6× (8.1%)

εἴκοσι 6× (6.6%)

πεντήκοντα 4× (4.2%)

ἐνάτῃ 3× (3.6%)

ἑβδομήκοντα 3× (3.6%)

ἐννεακαιδέκατοσ 3× (3.6%)

τριακοστῷ 3× (3.4%)

ἐνάτῳ 3× (3.0%)

ועשריםס וְעֶשְׂרִים׃ס

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עשרים

ʻesrîym

Definition

twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth

Root

from H6235 (עשר);

Exhaustive

from עשר; twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth; (six-) score, twenty(-ieth).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6242

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֶשְׂרִים

numeral • Root עשר • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1144

Twenty. Plural form derived from עֲשָׂרָה. Used as a cardinal number or sometimes for the ordinal number (the twentieth).

Matched via consonantal key only

Conjunction, Adjective cardinal number masculine plural absolute

LXX: εἴκοσι πέντε εἰκοσαετοῦσ ἑκατὸν δύο

LXX Usage Statistics

H6242:

εἴκοσι 219× (45.9%)

πέντε 37× (6.8%)

εἰκοσαετοῦσ 28× (5.5%)

ἑκατὸν 25× (5.6%)

δύο 21× (3.9%)

τέσσαρεσ 19× (4.0%)

'' 12× (2.4%)

εἰκάδι 12× (1.7%)

τρεῖσ 8× (1.4%)

εἰκοστῷ 7× (1.3%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And these their number: thirty basins of gold, a thousand basins of silver, nine and twenty slaughter knives,

LITV Translation:
And this is the number of them: thirty platters of gold, a thousand platters of silver, twenty one knives,

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And this is their number: thirty gold basins, and a thousand silver basins, nine and twenty changes, thirty golden goblets,