Ezekiel 43:26

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

שבעת שִׁבְעַת

did seven/fullness

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שבע

shebaʻ

Definition

seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number

Root

or (masculine) (שבעה); from H7650 (שבע); a primitive cardinal number;

Exhaustive

or (masculine) (שבעה); from שבע; a primitive cardinal number; seven (as the sacred full one); also (adverbially) seven times; by implication, a week; by extension, an indefinite number; ([phrase] by) seven(-fold),-s, (-teen, -teenth), -th, times). Compare שבענה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7651

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שֶׁבַע

numeral • Strongs / High • Page 1041

Seven (Comparative example for interchange with Ayin, corresponding to 'septem' in context)

שֶׁבַע

numeral / noun masculine / noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1376

1. (Numeral) Seven; used generally as a figure for the number seven. 2. (n. m.) A Covenant or an Oath. 3. (n. p.) Part of a place name, like Beer-sheba (בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע).

שֶׁבַע

numeral cardinal / adv. • Strongs / High • Page 1375

Seven (masculine numeral). Used cardinally, as an ordinal, or adverbially meaning seven times/often. Also denotes the sacred number seven.

שֶׁבַע

numeral cardinal • Strongs / High • Page 1377

seven (numeral card. f., absolute or construct state).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׂבַע

verb • Root שבע • Page 634

3. rich or abounding in any thing. Deut. 33:23. Job 14:1. 10:15.

שָׂבַע

m. verbal • Root שבע • Page 634

1. satiety. Ex. 16:3. 2. fullness. Ps. 16:11.

שֹׂבַע

m. verbal • Root שבע • Page 634

satiety, hence abundance, plenty. Prov. 3: 10. Gen. 41:29 ff.

שָׂבַע and שָׂבֵעַ

verb • Page 633

1. To be satisfied, satiated, or filled, particularly with food (Am. 4:8, Prov. 30:16, Ps. 104:16). 2. To be tired, weary, or disgusted (Is. 1:11, Job 7:4, Prov. 25:17). Includes Pi'el and Hiph'il forms meaning 'to satisfy' (Ezek. 7:19, Ps. 107:9).

שֶׁבַע

f. const. שְׁבַע and שִׁבְעָה / const. שִׁבְעַת • Page 652

1. seven, placed before or after a noun. Often used as a round or sacred number (Gen. 8:10, Num. 23:1, Job 1:2, Gen. 21:28). 2. seven times, usually as an indefinite round number (Ps. 119:164, Prov. 24:16).

שֶׁבַע

proper name • Root שבע • Page 652

Gen. 26:33. proper name of a well so called from an oath (שְׁבוּעָה).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H7651

I. שֶׁבַע, שִׁבְעָה (approximate number of occurrences: 394) noun masculine and feminine seven (Late Hebrew idem, MI 16 שבעת¹).

Cognates:

• Assyrian sibi, sibittu (Friedrich Delitzsch, Grammar² § 65, 6; s = ש)
• Arabic سَبْعُ, سَبْعَةٌ
• Sabean סבע (Hommel, Chrestomathia³ 47, 124)
• Ethiopic ሰብዑ፡ሰብዐቱ፡
• Phoenician (Punic) שבע
• Nabataean שבע שבעה
• Palmyrene שבעא שבעה
• Aramaic שֶׁבַע, שִׁבְעָא, ܡܰܚܠ, ܡܰܚܶܠ

On etymology, compare P. de Lagarde, Bildung der Nomina⁴ 37 and following.

— masculine (with noun feminine) absolute שֶׁבַע Genesis 41:2 (115 times); construct שֶׁבַע Genesis 5:26 (47 times), especially Priests' Code / Narrative⁵ (15 times) and 1 Chronicles (20 times), וּשְׁבַע 1 Kings 14:21. feminine (with noun masculine) absolute שִׁבְעָה Genesis 4:24 (100 times); construct שִׁבְעַת Genesis 7:10 (120 times); suffix שִׁבְעָתָהּ 2 Samuel 21:9 Qere (so Versions and modern; see S. R. Driver⁶; preferred to Kethib שִׁבְעָתַיִם).

— seven:

1. without other number:
   1. שֶׁבַע, before feminine plural noun Genesis 21:28 (Jehovist (Yahwist) Source⁷), Judges 16:13; Isaiah 4:1 (80 times), especially שָׁנִים שֶׁבַע Genesis 29:18 (Elohist Source⁸) + 32 times (but read שָׁלוֺשׁ for שֶׁבַע 2 Samuel 24:13a, compare verse b, c, also אח 5 and parallel 1 Chronicles 21:12; so O. Thenius⁹, J. Wellhausen¹⁰, S. R. Driver⁶, K. Budde¹¹, H. P. Smith¹², W. Nowack¹³), מִּעָמִים שֶׁבַע Genesis 33:3 (Jehovist (Yahwist) Source⁷), Leviticus 4:6 (Priests' Code / Narrative⁵) + 17 times; בָּמָה רָחְבָּהּ שֶׁבַע 1 Kings 6:6; after noun Ezekiel 40:20, 26; noun omitted Job 5:19; Proverbs 6:16, + (= מְעָמִים שֶׁבַע) Leviticus 26:18, 21, 24, 28 (Holiness Code¹⁴), Psalm 119:64; Proverbs 24:16.
   2. שִׁבְעָה before masculine plural noun Numbers 23:1 (3 times in verse) (Elohist Source⁸) + 40 times + Job 42:19 (read שֶׁבַע for שִׁבְעָנָה Gesenius, Hebrew Grammar¹⁵ § 97c and most); + (distributive) וְשֶׁבַע שֶׁבַע Zechariah 4:2; after noun Genesis 7:4 (Jehovist (Yahwist) Source⁷), Exodus 25:37 (Priests' Code / Narrative⁵) + 12 times (Priests' Code / Narrative⁵, 1 Chronicles, Daniel, Proverbs); noun omitted 1 Samuel 2:5 (9 times), including שֶׁבַ

Adjective cardinal number feminine singular construct

LXX: ἑπτὰ ἑπτακόσιοι ἑπτά ἑπτάκισ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H7651:

ἑπτὰ 227× (50.6%)

ἑπτακόσιοι 26× (5.7%)

ἑπτά 21× (4.5%)

ἑπτάκισ 19× (4.5%)

'' 15× (3.0%)

τριάκοντα 9× (1.7%)

εἴκοσι 9× (1.8%)

ἑβδόμῳ 9× (1.6%)

ἑκατὸν 7× (1.7%)

ἑβδόμῃ 6× (1.4%)

ימים יָמִ֗ים

manifestations/days

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יום

yôwm

Definition

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)

Root

from an unused root meaning to be hot;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb); age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3117

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יוֹם

noun masculine • Root ימם • Strongs / High • Page 595

brightness, splendour, shining, light. hence 1. the day (the period of light), opposed to night; can also mean mid-day. 2. the civil day, including night.

יוֹם

noun masculine • Root יום • Strongs / High • Page 596

Day; also used metaphorically for a specific time or event, such as birth-day, day of punishment, day of death, the present time, or the end of life.

יוֹם

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root יום • Strongs / High • Page 596

Aramaic (Chaldee) word for 'day', with the same variety of senses as the Hebrew.

יוֹם

noun / masculine • Root ימם • Strongs / High • Page 612

1. clearness, light. 2. day (including the night). The plural form יָמִים can also mean a short time, an indefinite time, or a long time.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יוֹם

m. prim. dec. i. • Page 277

1. day. Phrases: הַיּוֹם (this day; to-day, 1 Sam. 12:17); בְּיוֹם (on the day when, Gen 2:17); כְּיוֹם (now, Gen. 25:31); יוֹם יוֹם (daily, Neh. 8:18); מִיּוֹם (from the day on, Ex. 10:6). Special uses: a day of misfortune (Obad. 12), a day of prosperity or festival (Hos. 7:5), and the day of Jehovah/judgment (Joel 1:15). 2. time generally (Gen. 39: 11).

יוֹם

noun masculine • Page 278

Day. (1) Specially days of one's life (Gen. 6:3, Gen. 43:9, Sam. 25:28). (2) Time generally (Gen. 47:8, Ex. 2:11, Judg. 18:1). (3) Some or several days (Neh. 1:4, Dan. 8:27, Gen. 40:4). (4) A year (Lev. 25:29, Judg. 17:10, 1 Sam. 2:19).

יוֹם

m. chald. • Page 278

Day, as in Heb. Plural יוֹמִין, emphatic יוֹמַיָּא. (Ezra 4:15, 19).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3117

I. יוֺם (approximate number of occurrences: 2285) noun masculine — day.

Cognates:

• Late Hebrew id.
• Aramaic יומָא
• Phoenician ים
• Moabite Inscription¹ ימן
• Siloam Inscription² ים
• Zinjirli יום
• Palmyrene יום
• Arabic يوم
• Ethiopic ዮም
• Sabean יום, ים
• Assyrian ummu, ûmu

— יוֺם absolute Genesis 1:5 +; construct Genesis 2:4 +; suffix יוֺמְךָ Jeremiah 50:31; יוֺמוֺ Exodus 5:13 (22 times); יוֺמָם Jeremiah 50:27; dual יוֺמַ֫יִם Exodus 21:21, יוֺמָ֑יִם Exodus 16:29; plural יָמִים Genesis 4:3 +; יָמִין (Aramaic form) Daniel 12:13; construct יְמֵי Genesis 3:14 +; יְמוֺת Deuteronomy 32:7, Psalm 90:15; suffix יָמַי Job 7:6 + etc.

1. Day, opposed to night

• Genesis 7:12, 14; Genesis 8:22 (Jehovist Source)
• Genesis 1:5, 14, 16, 18 (Priestly Code)
• חֹם הַיּוֺם the heat of the day Genesis 18:1 (Jehovist Source); 1 Samuel 11:11
• עוֺד גָּדוֺל הַיּוֺם the day is still high Genesis 29:7 (Jehovist Source)
• רוּחַ הַיּוֺם cool of the day Genesis 3:8
• מַחֲצִית הַיּוֺם mid-day Nehemiah 8:3
• עַד נְטוֺת הַיּוֺם until the declining of the day Judges 19:8

2. Day as division of time

a. Working-day

• Exodus 20:9–10 (Elohist Source) = Deuteronomy 5:18
• יְמֵי הַמַּעֲשֶׂה Ezekiel 46:1

b. Day's journey

• דֶּרֶךְ יוֺם Numbers 11:31 (Jehovist-Elohist Source)
• דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים a three days' journey Genesis 30:36; Exodus 3:18 (Jehovist Source)

c. Duration of acts or states

• forty days Genesis 7:17; Genesis 8:6 (Jehovist Source)
• שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים לַיְלָה וָיוֺם Esther 4:16

e. Day of month

• Genesis 7:11; Genesis 8:4, 14 (Priestly Code)
• Haggai 1:1, 15

f. Defined by substantive or clause

• יוֺם הַשֶּׁלֶג the snowy day 2 Samuel 23:20
• יוֺם הֻלֶּדֶת birthday Genesis 40:20 (Elohist Source)

i. Holy day

• יוֺם הַשַּׁבָּת the sabbath day Exodus 20:8 (Elohist Source)
• יוֺם הַכִּמֻּרים Leviticus 23:27

3. Day of Yahweh

יוֺם יְהוָה day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment:

• Amos 5:18, 20
• Zephaniah 1:7, 14
• יוֺם עֶבְרַת יְהוָה Zephaniah 1:18
• יוֺם נָקָם Isaiah 34:8

4. Plural: days as lifetime or age

• Genesis 6:3 (Jehovist Source)
• כָּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ all the days of thy life Genesis 3:14, 17 (Jehovist Source)
• בָּא בַּיָּמִים advanced in days (age) Genesis 18:11; Genesis 24:1 (Jehovist Source)
• אֹרֶךְ יָמִים length of days Proverbs 3:2, 16

5. Indefinite or ancient time

• יָמִים אֲחָדִים some days, a few days Genesis 27:44 (Jehovist Source)
• יְמוֺת עוֺלָם days of old Deuteronomy 32:7
• יְמֵי קֶדֶם Micah 7:20
• אַחֲרִית הַיּוֺם coming time Proverbs 31:25

6. Time or Year

• חֹדֶשׁ יָמִים a month of time Genesis 29:14 (Jehovist Source)
• זֶבַךְ הַיָּמִים yearly sacrifice 1 Samuel 1:21; 2:19
• מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה from year to year, yearly Exodus 13:10 (Jehovist-Elohist Source)

7. Particular Phrases

a. Today

• הַיּוֺם to-day Genesis 4:14; Genesis 31:43

c. Lo! days are coming

• הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים Amos 4:2; Jeremiah 7:32

f. Always / Continually

feminine כָּל הַיָּמִים always, continually:

• Genesis 43:9 (Jehovist Source)
• Deuteronomy 4:40; Deuteronomy 6:24

g. On a particular day

• בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא on that day Genesis 15:18
• עַד הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה until this day Genesis 26:33 (Jehovist Source); Joshua 4:9

h. As daily

masculine עַל יוֺם טוֺב upon a good day 1 Samuel 25:8.

¹ MI: Moabite Inscription (Mesha Stele).

² SI: Siloam Inscription.

³ COT: Eberhard Schrader, The Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament (Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament).

⁴ J: Jehovist (Yahwist) Source.

⁵ E: Elohist Source.

⁶ P: Priestly Code / Narrative.

⁷ D: Deuteronomic Source.

⁸ H: Holiness Code.

Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: ἡμέρᾳ ἡμέρασ σήμερον ἡμέραν ἡμερῶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3117:

ἡμέρᾳ 574× (20.2%)

ἡμέρασ 571× (23.8%)

σήμερον 204× (9.1%)

ἡμέραν 171× (6.9%)

ἡμερῶν 153× (6.4%)

ἡμέρα 135× (5.4%)

ἡμέραισ 133× (4.6%)

ἡμέραι 116× (4.7%)

--- 51× (2.4%)

'' 46× (1.8%)

יכפרו יְכַפְּרוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כפר

kâphar

Definition

to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or cancel

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to cover (specifically with bitumen); figuratively, to expiate or condone, to placate or cancel; appease, make (an atonement, cleanse, disannul, forgive, be merciful, pacify, pardon, purge (away), put off, (make) reconcile(-liation).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3722

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כָּפַר

verb • Root כפר • Strongs / High • Page 727

I. (Kal not used) tr. 1. to cover. 2. Fig. to cover over, to conceal sin, hence to atone for, to forgive. The form in Gen. 6:14 is a denominative from כֹּפֶר, meaning to overlay, to cover over, to plaster.

כָּפַר

verb • Strongs / High • Page 729

I. (not used) intr. to fly about, to be scattered about (of dust, hoar-frost etc.), to fly to and fro in crisp masses; connected with the idea of being bruised in pieces and crumbled.

כָּפַר

verb • Strongs / High • Page 729

II. (not used) intr. to be of a clear red, of the cypress-flower or blossom; in general, to shine, to glitter, to bloom.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3722

I. כִּמֶּר (about 102 occurrences) verb Pi‘el — cover over, pacify, make propitiation.

— כִּמֶּר Perfect Exodus 30:10 31t.; 2 masculine singular suffix כִּמַּרְתָּ֑הוּ Ezekiel 43:20; 3 masculine plural יְכַמְּרוּ Ezekiel 43:26; 2 masculine plural כִּמַּרְתֶּם Ezekiel 45:20; Imperfect יְכַמֵּר Exodus 30:10 10t.; יְכַמֶּרֿ Leviticus 7:7, Numbers 5:8; suffix יְכַמְּרֶנָּה Proverbs 16:14; 1 singular אֲכַמֵּר 2 Samuel 21:3; אֲכַמְּרָה Genesis 32:21, Exodus 32:30 etc.; Imperative כַּמֵּר Deuteronomy 21:8 4t.; Infinitive כַּמֵּר Exodus 30:15 28t.; suffix כַּמְּרִי Ezekiel 16:63, כַּמֶּרְךָ Exodus 29:36, כַּמְּרָהּ Isaiah 47:11.

1. Cover over, pacify, propitiate

• אֲכַמָּרָה פָנָיו בַּמִּנְחָה Genesis 32:21 let me cover his face by the present (so that he does not see the offence, i.e. pacify, him; E¹; RS² 'wipe clean the face,' blackened by displeasure, as the Arabs say 'whiten the face').
• לֹא תוּכְלִי כַּמְּרָהּ וְתִמֹּל עָלַיִךְ הֹוָה Isaiah 47:11 and disaster will fall upon thee, thou wilt not be able to propitiate it (by payment of a כֹּפֶר, see Isaiah 43:3).
• Pacify the wrath of a king Proverbs 16:14 (e.g. by a gift).

2. Cover over, atone for sin, without sacrifice

a. Man as subject

• בַּמָּה אֲכַמֵּר 2 Samuel 21:3, with what shall I cover over (namely, the bloodguiltiness of the house of Saul, says David. The answer is by a death penalty of seven sons of the guilty house).
• בְּעַד חטאתכם Exodus 32:30 on behalf of your sins (J E; Moses, by intercession).
• With על of persons Numbers 17:11, 12 (P; by incense), Numbers 25:13 (P; when Phinehas slays the ringleaders).

b. With God as subject

With accusative of person, cover, i.e. treat as covered, view propitiously, Yahweh's land Deuteronomy 32:43 (song); לְ of person Deuteronomy 21:8 (bloodguiltiness flows away in the stream), Ezekiel 16:63; בְּעַד of person 2 Chronicles 30:18; with accusative of the sin Psalm 65:4, Psalm 78:38, probably also Daniel 9:24; עַל of sin, Psalm 79:9, Jeremiah 18:23. It is conceived that God in his sovereignty may himself provide an atonement or covering for men and their sins which could not be provided by men.

3. Cover over, atone for sin and persons by legal rites

In the codes of H, P, and Ezekiel: absolute הַכֹּהֵן וְכִמֶּר and the priest shall make atonement Leviticus 16:32.

a. With accusative of sacred places

By the great sin-offering of the day of atonement, Leviticus 16:20, 33; also Ezekiel 43:20, 26, Ezekiel 45:20 (by the blood of the sin-offering (+ חִטֵּא, טִהַר)).

b. Usually with עַל

• (1) Of things: of the altar Exodus 29:36–37, Exodus 30:10, Leviticus 8:15 (+ קִדַּשׁ), Leviticus 16:18; the horns of the altar Exodus 30:10; the holy place Leviticus 16:16; the leprous house Leviticus 14:53 (+ טִהַר); for the goat לעזאזל Leviticus 16:10.
• (2) Of persons: על נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם for your persons, e.g. by atonement-money כֶּסֶף הַכִּמֻּרִים Exodus 30:15–16; by the קרבן of the spoils Numbers 31:50; by blood Leviticus 17:11; by ministry of priest Leviticus 4:20, 31, Leviticus 8:34, Leviticus 10:17, Leviticus 12:7–8, Leviticus 14:19, 31, Leviticus 16:30, 33, Leviticus 23:28, Numbers 8:12, 21, Numbers 15:25, 28, Numbers 28:22, 30, Numbers 29:5, 2 Chronicles 29:24, Nehemiah 10:34; of the trespass-offering Leviticus 5:16, 18, 26, Leviticus 7:7, Leviticus 14:21, Leviticus 19:22, Numbers 5:8; whole burnt-offering Leviticus 1:4, Leviticus 14:20, Leviticus 16:24; by oil Leviticus 14:18, 29; by תרומה Ezekiel 45:15; by priestly ministry 1 Chronicles 6:34; by Levites Numbers 8:19.

c. Need of atonement expressed by מִן

(Others understand מִן as = away from; compare Di³, Ri⁴). מֵחטאתו because of his sin Leviticus 4:26, Leviticus 5:6, 10, Leviticus 16:34; מטמאתו Leviticus 14:19, Leviticus 16:16; מזוב Leviticus 15:15, 30; מֵאֲשֶׁר חָטָא Numbers 6:11; also עַל חַטָּאתוֺ on account of his sin Leviticus 4:35, Leviticus 5:13, Leviticus 19:22; על שִׁגְגָתוֺ Leviticus 5:18.

d. With בְּ instrumental

בְּאֵיל Leviticus 5:16, Leviticus 19:22, Numbers 5:8; with a trespass-offering Leviticus 7:7; כִּי הַדָּם הוּא בַּנֶּפֶשׁ יְכַמֵּר Leviticus 17:11 for it is the blood with the living being that covers over (H, see נפשׁ); with בְּ local בַּקֹּדֶשׁ Leviticus 6:23, Leviticus 16:17, 27.

e. With בַּעַד person

On behalf of Leviticus 9:7, Leviticus 16:6, 11, 17, 24 (by Aaron), Ezekiel 45:17 (by the prince).

Pu‘al

— Perfect כֻּמַּר Exodus 29:33; Isaiah 28:18; Imperfect יְכֻמַּר Numbers 35:33 3t.; 3 feminine singular תְּכֻמָּ֑ר Isaiah 6:7 be covered over, atoned for.

1. Apart from the ritual

• חטאתך תכפר Isaiah 6:7 thy sin shall be covered over (+ וְסָר עֲוֺנֶךָ).
• אִם יְֿכֻמַּר הֶעָוֺן הַזֶּה לָכֶם Isaiah 22:14 surely this iniquity shall not be covered over.
• With בְּ instrumental בזאת יכפר עון Isaiah 27:9 (+ הָסר חטאתו).
• בחסד יאמת יכפר עון Proverbs 16:6 by mercy and fidelity iniquity is covered over.

2. Usage with preposition

• With לְ for whom: לארץ לא יכפר לדם Numbers 35:33 for the land atonement cannot be made, in view of the blood.
• In the ritual of P, with בְּ instrumental: אֲשֶׁר כֻּמַּר בָּהֶם Exodus 29:33 wherewith atonement was made.

Hithpa‘el

— Imperfect יִתְכַּמֵּר 1 Samuel 3:14; with בְּ instrumental אִם יִתְכַּמֵּר עֲוֺן בֵּית עֵֿלִי בְּזֶבַח וּבְמִנְחָה the iniquity of the house of Eli shall not be covered by peace offering or minchah.

Niph‘al

— Perfect וְנִכַּמֵּר לָהֶם הַדָּם Deuteronomy 21:8 and the blood shall be covered for them.

II. [כָּפַר] verb denominative (from כֹּפֶר) — Perfect 2 masculine singular וְכָֽפַרְתָּ֫ בַּכֹּפֶד Genesis 6:14 and thou shalt pitch it with pitch (P).

III. כפר (Root of following words).

¹ Elohist Source.

² W. Robertson Smith, Old Testament in the Jewish Church, 2nd ed., p. 381.

³ August Dillmann, Commentary on Leviticus.

⁴ Albrecht Ritschl, Die christliche Lehre von der Rechtfertigung und der Versöhnung.

Verb Piel imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: ἐξιλάσεται ἐξιλάσασθαι ἐξιλάσκεσθαι ἐξιλασθήσεται ἐξιλάσατο

LXX Usage Statistics

H3722a:

ἐξιλάσεται 40× (36.8%)

ἐξιλάσασθαι 18× (18.1%)

ἐξιλάσκεσθαι 6× (5.6%)

ἐξιλασθήσεται 3× (3.0%)

ἐξιλάσατο 3× (2.7%)

ἐξίλασαι 3× (2.7%)

ἐξιλάσομαι 2× (2.1%)

ἐξιλάσονται 2× (1.8%)

את אֶת־

את-self eternal

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

את

ʼêth

Definition

a hoe or other digging implement

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H855

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H853

I. אֵת — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite idem, Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.); Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f., Samaritan ܢܡ; Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189. [Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been ʾiwyaṯ, originally a substantive with following Genitive, Ol p. 432; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוּת sign from √ אוָה is uncertain: Ol W AG i. § 188 Lag M i. 226 affirm, Nö ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is אוּת; the forms with אֵת, אֶת being abbreviated. In post-Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוּתוֹ הַיּוֹם = Biblical Hebrew בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, בְּאוּתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוּתוֹ הָאִישׁ = Biblical Hebrew הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

Cognates:

• Moabite idem
• Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.)
• Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos
• Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f.
• Samaritan ܢܡ
• Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189
• Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כָּל), or by a Genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names

• a. With transitive verbs:
  • Genesis 1:1, 16, 29, 30; Genesis 2:11; Genesis 4:1, 2; Genesis 9:3 (אֶת־כָּל) etc.
  • Similarly אֶת־מִי whom (in particular), Joshua 24:15; 1 Samuel 12:3; 1 Samuel 28:11; Isaiah 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶת־מָה); also with זֶה Genesis 29:33; Genesis 44:29; 1 Samuel 21:16; 1 Kings 22:27 +, זֹאת Genesis 29:27; 2 Samuel 13:27 +, אַחֲלֶה Genesis 46:18; Leviticus 11:18; Isaiah 49:21 +.
  • So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry אֵת is commonly dispensed with.
  • By the use of אֵת with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Genesis 7:1; Genesis 24:14; Genesis 37:4; Leviticus 10:17; Leviticus 11:33; Numbers 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deuteronomy 4:14; Deuteronomy 6:13, 23; Deuteronomy 13:5; Judges 14:3 אוּתָהּ קַח־לִי take for me her, 1 Samuel 14:35; 1 Samuel 15:1; 1 Samuel 18:17; 1 Samuel 21:10 אִם־אֶת־הָהִיא תִּקַּח־לְךָ קַח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1 Kings 1:35; 1 Kings 14:9; Isaiah 43:22; Isaiah 57:11; Jeremiah 9:2.
  • So הָאוּתִי Jeremiah 5:22; Jeremiah 7:19.
  • It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jeremiah 7:19; Ezekiel 34:2.
  • Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew § 277 d 2 Ges § 117, 1, R. 2), as Exodus 21:28; Numbers 21:9; Leviticus 20:14; 1 Samuel 24:6 (but see Dr) 2 Samuel 4:11; 2 Samuel 18:18; 2 Samuel 23:21; or which, though definite, is without the article, Genesis 21:30; 2 Samuel 15:16; Leviticus 26:5; 1 Samuel 9:3 (so Numbers 16:15) Isaiah 33:19; Isaiah 41:7; Ezekiel 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.).
• b. With a passive verb (Ges § 121. 1 Ew § 295 b) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Genesis 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֹךְ אֶת־עִירָד, Genesis 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Genesis 21:5 (E), Genesis 27:42; 2 Samuel 21:11; 1 Kings 18:13; Hosea 10:6 etc., to Jeremiah 35:18; Jeremiah 38:4; Jeremiah 50:20; Ezekiel 16:4, 5; Esther 2:13 (compare Dr JPh xi. 227 f.): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew § 281 b), as Exodus 1:7 +.
• c. With neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατά σύνεσιν (rare): Joshua 22:17; 2 Samuel 11:25; Nehemiah 9:32 (compare 1 Samuel 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Haggai 2:17; אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֲלֵי.
• d. Poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force: Habakkuk 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isaiah 13:19; Jeremiah 50:40 מַהֲפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W AG i. § 196, 43]; and Numbers 10:2; Ezekiel 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׁאוֹת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew § 239 a).

2. אֵת marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb

• a. With verbs of motion (very rare): Numbers 13:17; Deuteronomy 1:19; Deuteronomy 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judges 19:18; Ezekiel 21:25 (Ew § 281 d, n., 282 a 1).
• b. Denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exodus 13:7; Leviticus 25:22; Deuteronomy 9:25.
• c. Expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Genesis 17:11, 14; 1 Kings 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατά σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition

• Thus (α): Exodus 1:14; Numbers 3:26, 46; Numbers 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezekiel 35:10) Numbers 18:21 b Deuteronomy 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deuteronomy 14:13; Joshua 17:11; Judges 20:44, 46 (contr. Judges 20:25; Judges 20:35) 1 Samuel 17:34 (see Dr) 1 Samuel 26:16; 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Kings 6:5; Isaiah 53:8 (probably), Isaiah 57:12; Jeremiah 23:33 (but read rather with LXX Targum אֶתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jeremiah 27:8; Jeremiah 36:22; Jeremiah 38:16 Kt, Jeremiah 45:4 b Ezekiel 16:22; Ezekiel 17:21; Ezekiel 20:16; Ezekiel 29:4; b Ezekiel 43:7 (LXX Co prefix הָרְאִיתָ) Ezekiel 44:3; Zechariah 8:17; Ecclesiastes 4:3; Daniel 9:13; Nehemiah 9:19, 34; 1 Chronicles 2:9; 2 Chronicles 31:17.
• In 1 Samuel 30:23; Haggai 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood.
• (β): Jeremiah 38:9; Ezekiel 14:22; b Ezekiel 37:19 b Zechariah 12:10; סָבִיב אֵת 1 Kings 6:5; Ezekiel 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings LXX omits the clause: so Sta ZAW 1883, 135).
• — In 1 Kings 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); 1 Kings 11:25 is corrupt (read with LXX זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדַד); Ezekiel 47:17, 18, 19 read similarly for וְאֵת, זֹאת: see Ezekiel 47:20.

— For some particulars as to the use of אֵת, see A. M. Wilson Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff. (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, אֵת with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie ZAW 1881, 258 f.), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli Had. 28 with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתו (Lzb 263 Cooke 170; compare RÉS 468); Targum Onkelos Samaritan יָת; Syriac ܒܪ (rare)); — Daniel 3:12 דִּי מְנִיּתָ יָתְהוֹן whom thou hast appointed.

¹ Schröd: Paul Schröder, Die phönizische Sprache, Halle, 1869.

² Lag: Paul de Lagarde, works on Semitic languages.

³ Nö: Theodor Nöldeke, Orientalische Skizzen, Berlin, 1892.

⁴ Ol: Julius Olshausen, Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Braunschweig, 1861.

⁵ W AG: Wilhelm Gesenius, Thesaurus Linguae Hebraeae, ed. by E. Rödiger, Leipzig, 1835-1858.

⁶ Di: August Dillmann, Ethiopic Grammar, Leipzig, 1857.

⁷ Targ: Targum.

⁸ PS: Payne Smith, Syriac Dictionary.

⁹ Qor: Quran.

¹⁰ Ew: Heinrich Ewald, Ausführliches Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Göttingen, 1870.

¹¹ Ges: Wilhelm Gesenius, Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

¹² Dr: Samuel Rolles Driver, works on Hebrew.

¹³ JPh: Journal of Philology.

¹⁴ LXX: Septuagint.

¹⁵ Targum: Targum.

¹⁶ Sta: Bernhard Stade, Geschichte des Volkes Israel, Berlin, 1887.

¹⁷ ZAW: Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft.

¹⁸ Gie: Friedrich Giesebrecht, works on Hebrew.

¹⁹ Lzb: Mark Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik, Weimar, 1898.

²⁰ Cooke: George Albert Cooke, North-Semitic Inscriptions, Oxford, 1903.

²¹ RÉS: Revue des Études Sémitiques.

H855

III. [אֵת] noun [masculine] a cutting instrument of iron usually translated as ploughshare.

— singular suffix אֵתוֹ 1 Samuel 13:20; plural אֵתִּים 1 Samuel 13:21, אִתִּים Isaiah 2:4 = Micah 4:3; suffix אִתֵּיכֶם Joel 4:10; according to Klo¹ and others also 2 Kings 6:5 אֵת הַבַּרְזֶל, that is, the axe of iron.

¹ A. Klostermann.

Direct object eternal self

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

H0855:

No stats available

המזבח הַמִּזְבֵּחַ

the Place of Sacrifice

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מזבח

mizbêach

Definition

an altar

Root

from H2076 (זבח);

Exhaustive

from זבח; an altar; altar.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4196

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִזְבֵּחַ

noun masculine • Root זבח • Strongs / High • Page 830

An altar, either for offering sacrifices or for burning frankincense; can refer to an altar of God or of idolatry.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִזְבֵּחַ

m. const. verbal • Root זבח • Page 365

an altar (Lev. 1: 9, 13, 15; 2 Chr. 29: 22). Also called the altar of burnt-offering (Ex. 30: 28) or the brazen altar.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H4196

I. מִזְבֵּחַ (approximate number of occurrences: 401) noun masculine^{Joshua 22:10} — altar.

Cognates:

• Arabic مذبح (place of slaughter, trench made by torrent)
• Sabean מדֿבח¹

— מִזְבֵּחַ absolute 2 Kings 18:22 (223 times); הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה locative Exodus 29:13 (31 times); construct מִזְבַּח Exodus 20:24 (76 times); suffix מִזְבְּחִי Exodus 20:26 (7 times), מִזְבַּחֲךָ 1 Kings 8:31 (3 times), מִזְבְּחֶ֑ךָ Deuteronomy 33:10, מִזְבְּחוֺ Judges 6:31 (2 times); plural מִזְבְּחֹת Numbers 23:1 (5 times), מִזְבְּחוֺת 2 Kings 21:3 (23 times), suffix מִזְבְּחוֺתֶיךָ Psalm 84:4, other suffixes (21 times).

1. Historical usage in early narrative and Covenant Code

Jehovist and Elohist sources narrate that altars were built by Noah after leaving the ark Genesis 8:20; by Abraham at Shechem Genesis 12:7, Bethel Genesis 12:8, Hebron Genesis 13:18, and Moriah Genesis 22:9; by Isaac at Beersheba Genesis 26:25; by Jacob at Shechem Genesis 33:20 (perhaps mistake for מַצֵּבָה²), at Bethel Genesis 35:7; by Moses at Rephidim Exodus 17:15 and Horeb Exodus 24:4; by Balak at Bamoth Baal, Pisgah, and Peor Numbers 23:1, 14, 29; by Joshua on Mt. Ebal Joshua 8:30. Built by Gideon at Ophra Judges 6:24; by Samuel at Ramah 1 Samuel 7:17; by Saul 1 Samuel 14:35; by David 2 Samuel 24:25; by Solomon 1 Kings 3:4, 6:20; and by Elijah 1 Kings 18:30. Law of the Covenant code Exodus 20:24–26 prescribes altars of אֲדָמָה (earth) or unhewn stones (אֲבָנִים Deuteronomy 27:6), without steps. The altar was also a place of refuge Exodus 21:24; 1 Kings 1:50–51.

2. Deuteronomic Centralization

Deuteronomy prescribes one central altar Deuteronomy 12:5, 27. Enforcement attempts appear under Hezekiah 2 Kings 18:4, 22 and Josiah 2 Kings 23:8–20.

3. The Priestly Code (P)

P limits sacrifices to the altars of the tabernacle. It describes two specific altars:

a. Altar of Burnt Offering

• מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה Exodus 30:28; Leviticus 4:7
• מִזְבַּח הַנְּחשֶׁת (bronze altar) Exodus 38:30, made of acacia wood plated with brass, 5x5x3 cubits Exodus 38:1–7

b. Altar of Incense

• מִזְבַּח מִקְטַר קְטֹרֶת Exodus 30:1–6
• מִזְבַּח הַזָּהָב (golden altar) Exodus 39:38; Numbers 4:11
• מִזְבַּח קְטֹרֶת הַסַּמִּים Leviticus 4:7

4. Solomon's Temple Altars

a. Bronze Altar

• For the court 1 Kings 8:64; 2 Chronicles 4:1; Ezekiel 9:2

b. Golden Altar

• Of cedar plated with gold, before the דְּבִיר 1 Kings 6:20, 22; 1 Kings 7:48; 2 Chronicles 4:19

5. Ezekiel's Temple Altars

• Table of wood Ezekiel 41:22
• Altar for the court with stairs Ezekiel 43:13–17

6. Terminology and Rituals

Construction verbs: בָּנָה Genesis 8:20; הֵקִים 1 Kings 16:32; עָשָׂה Exodus 27:1.

Ritual use: Dedication (חֲנֻכַּת המזבח Numbers 7:10), Anointing (מָשַׁח Exodus 40:10). Ministry was מִשְׁמֶרֶת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ Numbers 18:5. Horns of the altar (קַרְנוֺת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ) were used for blood application Exodus 29:12. The base was יְסוֺד Leviticus 8:15.

¹ David Heinrich Müller, Epigraphische Denkmäler aus Arabien (DHM).

² August Dillmann (Di).

³ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley (GKC) § 127. 4 a.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: θυσιαστήριον θυσιαστηρίου θυσιαστήρια '' ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H4196:

θυσιαστήριον 208× (51.7%)

θυσιαστηρίου 97× (24.2%)

θυσιαστήρια 25× (6.2%)

'' 12× (3.0%)

--- 9× (2.7%)

βωμοὺσ 8× (2.1%)

θυσιαστήριόν 8× (2.1%)

θυσιαστηρίῳ 6× (1.5%)

θυσιαστηρίων 5× (1.3%)

βωμὸν 4× (1.2%)

וטהרו וְטִהֲרוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

טהר

ṭâhêr

Definition

to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated; Levitically, uncontaminated; morally, innocent or holy)

Root

a primitive root; properly, to be bright; i.e. (by implication)

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to be bright; i.e. (by implication); to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated; Levitically, uncontaminated; morally, innocent or holy); be (make, make self, pronounce) clean, cleanse (self), purge, purify(-ier, self).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2891

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

טָהֵר

verb • Root טהר • Strongs / High • Page 554

To be bright, shining; hence to make clean, to purify. Metaphorically, to cleanse from leprosy, to dedicate, consecrate, or purify in an ethical sense.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

טָהֵר

verb • Page 260

To be or become pure; in a physical sense (2 K. 5:12, 13), especially in a ceremonial sense (Lev. 7:19; 10:10; 11:36) and in a moral sense (Job 4:17; Prov. 20:9). Pi. טִהֵר: 1. to purify (Ezek. 24:13); 2. to pronounce clean or pure (Lev. 13:13). Hithpa. הִטַּהֵר: to purify one's self (Gen. 35:2).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H2891

I. טָהֵר verb — be clean, pure.

Cognates:

• Arabic طَهُرَ, طَهَرَ idem
• Late Hebrew idem, Pi`el make or declare ceremonially clean
• Aramaic טְהַר emptiness, טִיהֲרָא brightness
• Sabean טהר
• Ethiopic ጠሀረ purify, wash oneself with water

Qal

— טָהֵר Perfect Leviticus 11:32 (12 times); 3 feminine singular טָֽהֲרָה Leviticus 12:7; Leviticus 15:28; טָהֵ֑רָה Leviticus 12:8 etc., + 5 times; Imperfect יִטְהַר Leviticus 15:13; Job 4:17 etc., + 9 times; Imperative טְהָ֑ר 2 Kings 5:10, 13.

1. be clean, i.e. (miraculously) freed from leprosy by washing in the Jordan:
   • 2 Kings 5:10, 12, 13, 14
2. be clean ceremonially (Holiness and Priests' Codes):
   • Leviticus 15:13, 28 (twice in verse) (Priests' Code)
   • Leviticus 22:4 (Holiness Code)
   • by washing with water: the flesh Leviticus 22:7 (Holiness Code); garments Leviticus 13:6, 34, 58; Numbers 31:24 (all Priests' Code)
   • both flesh and garments: Leviticus 17:5 (Holiness Code), Leviticus 14:8, 9; Leviticus 15:13; Numbers 19:19 (all Priests' Code)
   • other articles: Leviticus 11:32 (Priests' Code); passing things through the fire Numbers 31:23 (Priests' Code)
   • offering sin-offerings: Leviticus 12:7, 8; Leviticus 14:20 (Priests' Code); by the ceremony of the two birds Leviticus 14:53 (Priests' Code); by ashes of red heifer Numbers 19:12 (twice in verse) (Priests' Code)
3. be clean morally:
   • of people, made clean by Yahweh scattering clean water upon them Ezekiel 36:25
   • of Jerusalem, specifically made clean from idolatry, under figure of adultery Jeremiah 13:27; also followed by מִן Ezekiel 24:13 (twice in verse) (purification by Yahweh)
   • made clean מִכָּלחַֿטּאֹתֵיכֶם Leviticus 16:30 (Priests' Code; by the sin-offering of the atonement day)
   • of the individual, be clean מֵחַטָּאוֺת Proverbs 20:9 ("" זכה); become clean by use of hyssop Psalm 51:9 ("" אַלְבִּין)
   • generally: אִםמֵֿעשֵֹׁהוּ יִטְהַרגָּֿ֑בֶר Job 4:17 shall a man be more pure than his maker? ("" יִצְדָּ֑ק)

Pi`el

— Perfect טִהַר Leviticus 13:3 (4 times); suffix טִהֲרוֺ Leviticus 13:6 (5 times); 2 masculine singular טִהַרְתָּ Numbers 8:6, 15 etc. + 7 times; Imperfect יְטַהֵר 2 Chronicles 34:5 etc. + 4 times; Imperative suffix טַהֲרֵנִי Psalm 51:4; Infinitive construct טַהֵר Ezekiel 39:12 (5 times); suffix טַהֲרִי Ezekiel 36:33 etc. + 4 times; Participle מְטַחֵר Leviticus 14:11; Malachi 3:3 (chiefly Priests' Code).

1. cleanse, purify:
   • a. physically: metals from dross Malachi 3:3; land from corpses Ezekiel 39:12, 14, 16; heavens from clouds Job 37:21; temple from unclean things 2 Chronicles 29:15, 16, 18; land and city from Asherim and images 2 Chronicles 34:3, 5, 8; store-chambers of temple from household stuff Nehemiah 13:9; priesthood by exclusion of alien blood Nehemiah 13:30.
   • b. ceremonially: the altar of incense by the blood of the annual sin-offering Leviticus 16:19 (Priests' Code); the people, gates, and wall Nehemiah 12:30; the altar of the court by the blood of sin-offerings Ezekiel 43:26; of consecration of Levites by מֵי חטאת Numbers 8:6, 7 (Priests' Code), and חטאת Numbers 8:15, 21 (Priests' Code).
   • c. morally: Leviticus 16:30 (Priests' Code), Ezekiel 37:23; Malachi 3:3; מֵחַטָּאֹת Psalm 51:4; מֵעונ(ות) Jeremiah 33:8; Ezekiel 36:33; מִטּמא(ו)ת Ezekiel 24:13; Ezekiel 36:25.
2. pronounce clean, ceremonially:
   • Leviticus 13:6, 13, 17, 23, 12:28 (sic), 13:34, 37, 59; 14:7, 48 (all Priests' Code).
3. perform the ceremony of cleansing:
   • Leviticus 14:11 (Priests' Code).

Pu`al

— Perfect 3 masculine singular טֹהַר 1 Samuel 20:26 (so read for Masoretic Text טָהוֹר, Septuagint, Wellhausen, Driver: he is not clean, because he hath not been cleansed); Participle אֶרֶץ לֹא מְטֹהָרָה a land not cleansed Ezekiel 22:24 (but Septuagint, Hitzig, Ewald, Cornill, Siegfried-Stade read a land not rained upon, see מָטַר).

Hithpa`el

— Perfect 3 plural הִטָּֽהֲרוּ Ezra 6:20; הִטֶּהָ֑רוּ (König^{i. 271}) 2 Chronicles 30:18; Numbers 8:7; 1 plural הִטַּהַרְנוּ Joshua 22:17; Imperfect יִטָּֽהֲרוּ Nehemiah 12:30; Imperative הִטָּֽהֲרוּ Genesis 35:2; Participle מִטַּהֵר Leviticus 14:7 (11 times); plural מִטַּהֲרִים Nehemiah 13:22; Isaiah 66:17.

1. purify oneself:
   • a. ceremonially, especially in preparation for sacred duties: Genesis 35:2 (Redactor), Numbers 8:7; 2 Chronicles 30:18; Ezra 6:20; Nehemiah 13:22; also for heathen mysteries Isaiah 66:17; of purifying priests, people, and wall Nehemiah 12:30.
   • b. morally: Joshua 22:17 (Priests' Code).
2. present oneself for purification, only participle הַמִּטַּהֵר the candidate for purification:
   • Leviticus 14:4, 7, 8, 11, 14, 17, 18, 19, 25, 28, 29, 31 (Priests' Code).

¹ Joseph Halévy, Études Sabéennes (Hal).

² J. Wellhausen (We); S. R. Driver (Dr).

³ F. Hitzig (Hi); H. Ewald (Ew); C. H. Cornill (Co); Siegfried-Stade, Hebräisches Wörterbuch (SS).

⁴ Friedrich Eduard König, Lehrgebäude der hebräischen Sprache (Kö).

⁵ Sources: Holiness Code (H); Priests' Code (P); Redactor (R).

conjunctive, Verb Piel sequential perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἔσται καθαριεῖ καθαρὸσ καθαρίσαι καθαριζομένου

LXX Usage Statistics

H2891:

ἔσται 13× (9.7%)

καθαριεῖ 11× (9.8%)

καθαρὸσ 10× (9.3%)

καθαρίσαι 6× (5.6%)

καθαριζομένου 6× (5.3%)

καθαρισθῇ 4× (4.1%)

καθαριῶ 4× (3.5%)

καθαρισθήσεσθε 3× (2.6%)

--- 3× (3.1%)

καθαρισθήσεται 3× (2.8%)

אתו אֹתוֹ

his eternal self

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

ו

Definition

him, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9033

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

אֵת

i. m. subst. • Page 81

Ploughshare. Inflected in two ways as אֵתִים and אֵתִין. References: 1 Sam. 13: 20, 21; Is. 2: 4; Joel 4: 10 [3:10]. Its etymology is suggested to be related to the word מַחֲרֶשֶׁת.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H853

I. אֵת — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite idem, Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.); Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f., Samaritan ܢܡ; Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189. [Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been ʾiwyaṯ, originally a substantive with following Genitive, Ol p. 432; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוּת sign from √ אוָה is uncertain: Ol W AG i. § 188 Lag M i. 226 affirm, Nö ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is אוּת; the forms with אֵת, אֶת being abbreviated. In post-Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוּתוֹ הַיּוֹם = Biblical Hebrew בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, בְּאוּתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוּתוֹ הָאִישׁ = Biblical Hebrew הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

Cognates:

• Moabite idem
• Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.)
• Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos
• Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f.
• Samaritan ܢܡ
• Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189
• Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כָּל), or by a Genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names

• a. With transitive verbs:
  • Genesis 1:1, 16, 29, 30; Genesis 2:11; Genesis 4:1, 2; Genesis 9:3 (אֶת־כָּל) etc.
  • Similarly אֶת־מִי whom (in particular), Joshua 24:15; 1 Samuel 12:3; 1 Samuel 28:11; Isaiah 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶת־מָה); also with זֶה Genesis 29:33; Genesis 44:29; 1 Samuel 21:16; 1 Kings 22:27 +, זֹאת Genesis 29:27; 2 Samuel 13:27 +, אַחֲלֶה Genesis 46:18; Leviticus 11:18; Isaiah 49:21 +.
  • So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry אֵת is commonly dispensed with.
  • By the use of אֵת with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Genesis 7:1; Genesis 24:14; Genesis 37:4; Leviticus 10:17; Leviticus 11:33; Numbers 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deuteronomy 4:14; Deuteronomy 6:13, 23; Deuteronomy 13:5; Judges 14:3 אוּתָהּ קַח־לִי take for me her, 1 Samuel 14:35; 1 Samuel 15:1; 1 Samuel 18:17; 1 Samuel 21:10 אִם־אֶת־הָהִיא תִּקַּח־לְךָ קַח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1 Kings 1:35; 1 Kings 14:9; Isaiah 43:22; Isaiah 57:11; Jeremiah 9:2.
  • So הָאוּתִי Jeremiah 5:22; Jeremiah 7:19.
  • It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jeremiah 7:19; Ezekiel 34:2.
  • Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew § 277 d 2 Ges § 117, 1, R. 2), as Exodus 21:28; Numbers 21:9; Leviticus 20:14; 1 Samuel 24:6 (but see Dr) 2 Samuel 4:11; 2 Samuel 18:18; 2 Samuel 23:21; or which, though definite, is without the article, Genesis 21:30; 2 Samuel 15:16; Leviticus 26:5; 1 Samuel 9:3 (so Numbers 16:15) Isaiah 33:19; Isaiah 41:7; Ezekiel 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.).
• b. With a passive verb (Ges § 121. 1 Ew § 295 b) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Genesis 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֹךְ אֶת־עִירָד, Genesis 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Genesis 21:5 (E), Genesis 27:42; 2 Samuel 21:11; 1 Kings 18:13; Hosea 10:6 etc., to Jeremiah 35:18; Jeremiah 38:4; Jeremiah 50:20; Ezekiel 16:4, 5; Esther 2:13 (compare Dr JPh xi. 227 f.): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew § 281 b), as Exodus 1:7 +.
• c. With neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατά σύνεσιν (rare): Joshua 22:17; 2 Samuel 11:25; Nehemiah 9:32 (compare 1 Samuel 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Haggai 2:17; אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֲלֵי.
• d. Poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force: Habakkuk 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isaiah 13:19; Jeremiah 50:40 מַהֲפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W AG i. § 196, 43]; and Numbers 10:2; Ezekiel 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׁאוֹת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew § 239 a).

2. אֵת marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb

• a. With verbs of motion (very rare): Numbers 13:17; Deuteronomy 1:19; Deuteronomy 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judges 19:18; Ezekiel 21:25 (Ew § 281 d, n., 282 a 1).
• b. Denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exodus 13:7; Leviticus 25:22; Deuteronomy 9:25.
• c. Expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Genesis 17:11, 14; 1 Kings 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατά σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition

• Thus (α): Exodus 1:14; Numbers 3:26, 46; Numbers 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezekiel 35:10) Numbers 18:21 b Deuteronomy 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deuteronomy 14:13; Joshua 17:11; Judges 20:44, 46 (contr. Judges 20:25; Judges 20:35) 1 Samuel 17:34 (see Dr) 1 Samuel 26:16; 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Kings 6:5; Isaiah 53:8 (probably), Isaiah 57:12; Jeremiah 23:33 (but read rather with LXX Targum אֶתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jeremiah 27:8; Jeremiah 36:22; Jeremiah 38:16 Kt, Jeremiah 45:4 b Ezekiel 16:22; Ezekiel 17:21; Ezekiel 20:16; Ezekiel 29:4; b Ezekiel 43:7 (LXX Co prefix הָרְאִיתָ) Ezekiel 44:3; Zechariah 8:17; Ecclesiastes 4:3; Daniel 9:13; Nehemiah 9:19, 34; 1 Chronicles 2:9; 2 Chronicles 31:17.
• In 1 Samuel 30:23; Haggai 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood.
• (β): Jeremiah 38:9; Ezekiel 14:22; b Ezekiel 37:19 b Zechariah 12:10; סָבִיב אֵת 1 Kings 6:5; Ezekiel 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings LXX omits the clause: so Sta ZAW 1883, 135).
• — In 1 Kings 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); 1 Kings 11:25 is corrupt (read with LXX זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדַד); Ezekiel 47:17, 18, 19 read similarly for וְאֵת, זֹאת: see Ezekiel 47:20.

— For some particulars as to the use of אֵת, see A. M. Wilson Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff. (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, אֵת with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie ZAW 1881, 258 f.), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli Had. 28 with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתו (Lzb 263 Cooke 170; compare RÉS 468); Targum Onkelos Samaritan יָת; Syriac ܒܪ (rare)); — Daniel 3:12 דִּי מְנִיּתָ יָתְהוֹן whom thou hast appointed.

¹ Schröd: Paul Schröder, Die phönizische Sprache, Halle, 1869.

² Lag: Paul de Lagarde, works on Semitic languages.

³ Nö: Theodor Nöldeke, Orientalische Skizzen, Berlin, 1892.

⁴ Ol: Julius Olshausen, Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Braunschweig, 1861.

⁵ W AG: Wilhelm Gesenius, Thesaurus Linguae Hebraeae, ed. by E. Rödiger, Leipzig, 1835-1858.

⁶ Di: August Dillmann, Ethiopic Grammar, Leipzig, 1857.

⁷ Targ: Targum.

⁸ PS: Payne Smith, Syriac Dictionary.

⁹ Qor: Quran.

¹⁰ Ew: Heinrich Ewald, Ausführliches Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Göttingen, 1870.

¹¹ Ges: Wilhelm Gesenius, Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

¹² Dr: Samuel Rolles Driver, works on Hebrew.

¹³ JPh: Journal of Philology.

¹⁴ LXX: Septuagint.

¹⁵ Targum: Targum.

¹⁶ Sta: Bernhard Stade, Geschichte des Volkes Israel, Berlin, 1887.

¹⁷ ZAW: Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft.

¹⁸ Gie: Friedrich Giesebrecht, works on Hebrew.

¹⁹ Lzb: Mark Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik, Weimar, 1898.

²⁰ Cooke: George Albert Cooke, North-Semitic Inscriptions, Oxford, 1903.

²¹ RÉS: Revue des Études Sémitiques.

Direct object eternal self, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

ומלאו וּמִלְאוּ

and they have filled full

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלא

mâlêʼ

Definition

to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)

Root

or מלא; (Esther 7:5), a primitive root;

Exhaustive

or מלא; (Esther 7:5), a primitive root; to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively); accomplish, confirm, [phrase] consecrate, be at an end, be expired, be fenced, fill, fulfil, (be, become, [idiom] draw, give in, go) full(-ly, -ly set, tale), (over-) flow, fulness, furnish, gather (selves, together), presume, replenish, satisfy, set, space, take a (hand-) full, [phrase] have wholly.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4390

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מָלֵא

verb • Root מלא • Strongs / High • Page 851

To be full, to become full, to exist in richness, abundance, extent, strength; to be satisfied; to be completed, to be over, to be ended; to fill a thing, to occupy it.

מָלֵא

adjective • Root מלא • Strongs / High • Page 851

full.

מָלֵא

adjective / masculine • Root מלא • Strongs / High • Page 852

full; filled with; figuratively, having or possessing in abundance; strong, vehement; rich; aged; abundant; pregnant.

מָלֵא

unknown • Strongs / High • Page 853

See מְלֵא.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מָלֵא

verb • Root מלא • Page 375

1. intrans. to be or become full. Josh. 3:15, Gen. 6:13, Judg. 16:27, Job 32:18, Ps. 10:7. Used also (1.) of time, to be fulfilled or completed.

מָלֵא

verb • Root מלא • Page 376

To be full or fulfilled. Examples: her time was fulfilled (Gen. 25:24); for my time is completed (Jer. 29:21); of a desire, to be fulfilled or satisfied (Ex. 15:9). Also transitively: to fill, to make full (Gen. 1:22, Ex. 40:34). Intransitively: to come to an end, to perish (Job 15:32).

מָלֵא

verb • Root מלא • Page 377

3. to satisfy desire, hunger, or the like (Job 38:39, Prov. 6:30). 4. to fulfil a petition (Ps. 20:6), a promise (1 K. 8:15), or a prophecy (1 K. 2:27). 5. to make complete in number (Ex. 23:26, 1 K. 1:14). 6. 'to fill the hand'—to transmit the office of priest (Ex. 28:41). 7. 'to fill one's hand for Jehovah'—to give liberally (1 Chr. 29:5). 8. to set or enchase precious stones (Ex. 28:17). 9. 'to fill one's hand with the bow'—to take the bow into hand (2 K. 9:24). 10. used adverbially for 'fully' (Jer. 4:5). Includes Piel, Pu., and Hithpa. (to assemble in full number).

מָלֵא

verb • Root מלא • Page 377

Full. 1. intrans. 'full price' (Gen. 23:9), 'houses full of every good thing' (Deut. 6:11). As a neuter: 'fullness' (Ps. 73:10). 2. trans. 'filling' (Is. 6:1, Jer. 23:24).

מִלֵּא

verb • Root מלא • Page 376

1. To fill. Spoken of a person filling, and construed with a double accusative (Ex. 28:3, Ps. 107:9, Is. 33:5). 2. To fulfil, complete, or pass a certain time (Gen. 29:27, Job 39:2). Also causative: to cause to pass or be completed (Dan. 9:2). Rarely spelled מִלָּא.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H4390

I. מָלֵא (approximate number of occurrences: 249) verb — be full, fill.

Cognates:

• Late Hebrew id.
• Zinjirli מלא (Pi`el transitive)
• Assyrian malû
• Arabic ملأ
• Ethiopic መልአ
• Aramaic מְלָא
• Sabean מלא

— מָלֵא Perfect Exodus 40:34 +; suffix מְלַאוֺ Esther 7:5; מָלֵאתָ Job 36:17; מָלֵאתִי Micah 3:8; plural מָֽלְאוּ Genesis 29:21 +; Imperfect יִמְלְאוּ Genesis 50:3; Imperative מִלְאוּ Genesis 1:22; Infinitive construct מְלֹאת Leviticus 8:33; Participle מָלֵא Jeremiah 23:24.

1. Qal: be full

a. Literally

• Subject houses: Exodus 8:17, Exodus 10:6 (Jehovist Source)
• Subject winepress: Joel 4:13
• Subject vessel: 2 Kings 4:6

b. Figurative

• Earth full of violence: Genesis 6:13 (Priests' Code / Narrative)
• Earth full of glory: Habakkuk 3:3
• Subject נֶפֶשׁ (desire) be satisfied: Exodus 15:9
• Heart set to do evil: Ecclesiastes 8:11

c. Of time: be full, accomplished, ended

• Genesis 25:24; Genesis 29:21 (Jehovist-Elohist Sources)
• Leviticus 12:4–6 (Priests' Code / Narrative)
• Jeremiah 25:12

2. Niphal: be filled

— Perfect נִמְלָא Song of Solomon 5:2; Imperfect יִמָּלֵא 2 Samuel 23:7.

• Land filled with people: Exodus 1:7
• House with smoke: Isaiah 6:4
• Figurative earth filled with glory: Numbers 14:21
• Be armed (filled with weapon): 2 Samuel 23:7

3. Piel: fill, fulfill

— Perfect מִלֵּא Exodus 35:35; Imperfect יְמַלֵּא Leviticus 8:33; Imperative מַלֵּא Genesis 29:27.

a. Fill (literal and figurative)

• Fill jars with water: 1 Kings 18:34
• Fill with spirit: Exodus 28:3
• Fill land with sin: Jeremiah 16:18

b. Special uses

• Consecrate (fill the hand): Exodus 28:41; Judges 17:5
• Wholly follow (fill after): Numbers 14:24; Joshua 14:8
• Set jewels: Exodus 28:17
• Fulfil promise or word: 1 Kings 8:15

¹ DHM: David Heinrich Müller, Sendschriften 60.

² Dl: Friedrich Delitzsch, Assyrisches Handwörterbuch (HWB 409).

³ Co: Carl Heinrich Cornill.

⁴ Gie: Friedrich Giesebrecht.

Aramaic

I. מְלָא verb — fill (Biblical Hebrew מָלֵא).

1. Peal: be filled
   • מְלַאת Daniel 2:35
2. Hithpeel: was filled (with rage)
   • הִתְמְלִי Daniel 3:19

conjunctive, Verb Piel sequential perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἐπλήσθη ἔπλησεν πλήρησ ἐνεπλήσθη ἔπλησαν

LXX Usage Statistics

H4390:

ἐπλήσθη 18× (6.9%)

ἔπλησεν 15× (5.7%)

πλήρησ 13× (5.2%)

ἐνεπλήσθη 9× (3.6%)

ἔπλησαν 9× (3.4%)

ἐνέπλησεν 9× (3.4%)

πληρωθῶσιν 6× (2.4%)

πληρωθήσεται 5× (2.0%)

πλησθήσεται 5× (2.0%)

--- 5× (2.0%)

ידו יָדוֹ׃

hand of himself/they cast

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יד

yâd

Definition

a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),

Root

a primitive word; in distinction from H3709 (כף), the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows)

Exhaustive

a primitive word; in distinction from כף, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows); a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),; ([phrase] be) able, [idiom] about, [phrase] armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, [idiom] bounty, [phrase] broad, (broken-) handed, [idiom] by, charge, coast, [phrase] consecrate, [phrase] creditor, custody, debt, dominion, [idiom] enough, [phrase] fellowship, force, [idiom] from, hand(-staves, -y work), [idiom] he, himself, [idiom] in, labour, [phrase] large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, [idiom] mine, ministry, near, [idiom] of, [idiom] order, ordinance, [idiom] our, parts, pain, power, [idiom] presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, [phrase] swear, terror, [idiom] thee, [idiom] by them, [idiom] themselves, [idiom] thine own, [idiom] thou, through, [idiom] throwing, [phrase] thumb, times, [idiom] to, [idiom] under, [idiom] us, [idiom] wait on, (way-) side, where, [phrase] wide, [idiom] with (him, me, you), work, [phrase] yield, [idiom] yourselves.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3027

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָד

noun / feminine • Root ידה • Strongs / High • Page 577

The hand, as that which lays hold of or seizes. Can also refer to the arm. It is used in a wide variety of metaphorical and technical senses, including assistance, power, custody, and human cooperation. Dual form: יָדַיִם, plural form: יָדוֹת.

יָד

noun / feminine • Root יד • Strongs / High • Page 578

The hand. It is used in a wide variety of literal and figurative senses, including: force, violence; divine power, punishment, or inspiration (the 'hand of God'); a sign of assurance or a pledge ('giving the hand'); a medium of action or agency; guidance and oversight; possession; power and might; mediation ('by the hand of').

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָד

com. gen. • Page 270

1. The hand. Phrases include: assisting someone (1 Sam. 22:17), divine destruction (Ex. 9:3), divine inspiration or prophecy (Ezek. 1:3, Jer. 15:17), promising or striking hands (Ezra 10:19), and submission (2 Chr. 30:8, Ezek. 17:18). 2. Metaphorical uses: without human aid (Dan. 8:25), from generation to generation (Prov. 11:21). 3. Prepositional combinations: 'in the hand of' or 'by' (1 Sam. 14:34), 'through' (Num. 15:23), 'into the power or charge of' (Gen. 9:2, Ps. 95:7), 'before' (1 Sam. 21:14), and 'because of' (Job 8:4, Is. 64:6).

יָד

noun • Page 271

Definitions continued from previous page: 1. into the hand or hands of any one; through (Jer. 18:21). Plur. יָדוֹת: artificial hands, tenons, axle-trees. 2. the arm. 3. metaphorically, might, power, aid (Ex. 14:30, Deut. 32:36). 4. manner (1 K. 10:13, Ezra 3:10). 5. side, near (1 Sam. 19:3). Dual יָדַיִם: sides. Plur. יָדוֹת: ledges, side railings. 6. place (Deut. 23:13). 7. part (Dan. 12:7). 8. a monument, trophy (1 Sam. 15:12).

יָד

noun • Root יד • Page 271

Chaldee; equivalent to Hebrew יָד, hand. Emphatic state: יְדָא.

יָד

noun • Page 282

Mentioned in 1 Sam. 4:13 Kethib as an evident corruption for יַד (on the side), which stands in the Keri.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3027

I. יָד (approximate number of occurrences: 1604) noun feminine (occasionally masculine Exodus 17:12) — hand.

Cognates:

• Aramaic יְדָא
• Zinjirli יד
• Arabic يد
• Sabean יד
• Ethiopic እድ
• Assyrian idu (strength)

— יָד absolute Genesis 38:28 +; construct יַד Genesis 41:35 +; suffix יָדִי Genesis 14:22 +, יָֽדְךָ Genesis 22:12 +, יֶדְכֶם Genesis 9:2 +; dual יָדַיִם Genesis 34:21 +, construct יְדֵי Genesis 24:30 +; plural יָדוֺת Genesis 43:24 +, suffix יְדֹתָיו Exodus 26:19 + etc.

1. Hand of man

Literally of the human hand Genesis 3:22; Genesis 4:11.

a. Specifically right or left hand

• Right hand יַד יְמִינ(וֺ) Genesis 48:17 (JE); Judges 7:20; Psalm 73:23
• Left hand יַד שְׂמאֹל(וֺ) Judges 3:21; Ezekiel 39:8

b. Specific parts or items on hand

• Palms of hands כַּמּוֺת יָדָיו 1 Samuel 5:4; 2 Kings 9:35
• Armpits אַצִּילוֺת יָדֶיךָ Jeremiah 38:12
• Thumbs בֹּהֶן יָדָיו Exodus 29:20 (Priests' Code)
• Bracelets on wrists Genesis 24:22 (J)

c. The hand in use

• Arms of the hands זְרֹעֵי יָדָיו Genesis 49:24
• Filling the hand (consecration as priest) מִלֵּא יַד Judges 17:5, 12; Exodus 28:41
• To stretch out the hand שָׁלַח יַד לְ Judges 5:26; בְּ in hostile sense 1 Samuel 24:7

d. Special phrases and idioms

• Kissing with the hand Job 31:27
• Silence (hand on mouth) Job 40:4; Micah 7:16
• Taking an oath (hand under thigh) Genesis 24:2 (J)
• Lifting the hand to swear נשׂא יָד Exodus 6:8; Ezekiel 20:28
• Giving a pledge נָתַן יָד Ezra 10:19

e. Hand as strong, helpful, or mighty

• Of man: fighting power Numbers 20:20 (JE); bold action בְּיָד רָמָה Exodus 14:8 (P)
• Of God: hand as smiting 1 Samuel 6:9; as delivering Exodus 13:3 (JE); as inspiration הָֽיְתָה יַד י׳ עַל Ezekiel 1:3; 2 Kings 3:15

2. Figurative meaning — strength, power, or ability

• Physical strength Joshua 8:20 (JE); Psalm 76:6
• Pecuniary ability תַּגִּיעַ יָדוֺ Leviticus 5:7, 11 (P)
• Dominion 2 Samuel 8:3; Exodus 14:31

3. Figurative meaning — side

• Side of a way 1 Samuel 4:13; gate 1 Samuel 4:18; stream Deuteronomy 2:37
• Direction or expanse רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם Genesis 34:21; Judges 18:10
• Place Deuteronomy 23:13; Numbers 2:17

4. Technical and architectural senses

• Sign or monument 1 Samuel 15:12; 2 Samuel 18:18
• Share or portion Genesis 47:24 (J); 2 Samuel 19:44
• Repetitions or times Genesis 43:34; Daniel 1:20
• Axle-trees 1 Kings 7:32–33
• Supports or stays 1 Kings 7:35; 10:19
• Tenons of tabernacle boards Exodus 26:17 (P)

5. With prepositions

• אֶל־יַד: into custody of Esther 2:3; by the side of 2 Samuel 18:4
• בְּיַד: into the hand of (possession/power) Joshua 6:2; Judges 2:14; by agency of Genesis 38:20; Exodus 9:35
• כְּיַד הַמֶּלֶךְ: according to royal munificence 1 Kings 10:13; Esther 1:7
• מִיַּד: out of the hand of (power/separation) Exodus 2:19; 1 Samuel 17:37; exact at the hand of Genesis 9:5
• עַל־יַד: under guidance/direction of 1 Chronicles 25:2; Jeremiah 5:31; by the side of 2 Samuel 15:2; Exodus 2:5
• תַּחַת יַד: under the power or authority of 1 Samuel 21:9; Genesis 16:9 (J)

Aramaic

I. יַד noun feminine hand (Biblical Hebrew יָד).

1. literally hand of man
   • construct יַד Ezra 5:12
   • emphatic יְדָא Daniel 5:5, 24
   • dual בִּידַ֫יִן Daniel 2:34, 45
2. figurative power
   • suffix יְדִי Daniel 3:15
   • Of lions Daniel 6:28
   • Of God Daniel 5:23

¹ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

² Jehovist (Yahwist) Source.

³ Elohist Source.

⁴ Priests' Code / Narrative.

⁵ Deuteronomic Source.

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: χεῖρασ χειρὶ χειρὸσ χεῖρα χειρῶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3027:

χεῖρασ 218× (12.8%)

χειρὶ 215× (12.3%)

χειρὸσ 169× (10.0%)

χεῖρα 139× (8.4%)

χειρῶν 100× (6.0%)

χεῖρά 87× (5.3%)

χεὶρ 75× (4.7%)

χερσὶν 61× (3.3%)

χειρί 55× (2.8%)

χειρόσ 50× (2.9%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Seven days and they expiated the altar, and they cleansed it; and they filled his hand. 27And they finished the days, and it was in the eighth day and forward, the priests will do your burnt-offerings upon the altar, and your peace: and I received you into favor, says the Lord Jehovah.

LITV Translation:
They shall atone seven days for the altar, and cleanse it, and consecrate it .

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
and they shall make atonement for the altar, and shall purge it; and they shall consecrate themselves.