Ezekiel 36:33

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

כה כֹּה

like this

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כה

kôh

Definition

properly, like this, i.e. by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

Root

from the prefix k and H1931 (הוא);

Exhaustive

from the prefix k and הוא; properly, like this, i.e. by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now; also, here, + hitherto, like, on the other side, so (and much), such, on that manner, (on) this (manner, side, way, way and that way), + mean while, yonder.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3541

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּה

adverb • Strongs / High • Page 668

A multi-purpose adverb with several meanings: 1. (Relative) how, in what way. 2. (Qualitative) as, so; used in comparisons, often doubled (כֹּה...כֹּה) to mean 'so...as'. 3. (Indefinite likeness) about, nearly, approximately, especially with numerals, measures, and time. 4. (Intensive) indicating completeness or a high degree: very, so much, even, extremely.

כֹּה

particle / adverb • Root כה • Strongs / High • Page 678

A demonstrative particle or adverb meaning: thus, so; now, here, there, in this or that way. It can refer to what precedes (by comparison) or what follows (in quotations). Also used specifically as a particle of time (now, so far), place (here, hither), or manner (in this manner, of this sort).

כֹּה

aramaic particle (aramaic) • Root כה • Strongs / High • Page 678

(Aramaic) The same as the Hebrew particle; hence, 'hitherto'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּה

adv. prim. • Page 309

1. Thus (Gen. 32:5). 2. Here (Gen. 31:37). 3. In reference to time, now (Ex. 7:16).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3541

I. כֹּה demonstrative adverb — thus, here.

Cognates:

• Biblical Aramaic כָּה
• Targum ᵑ7, Jerusalem Targum ᵑ6, Mandean כָּא here
• Syriac with prefixes: לְכָא hither, מִכָּא (Jerusalem Targum מִכָּה) hence, אֵיכָא where? (compare אֵיכָה, p. 32, and König¹)

— כֹּה absolute Genesis 15:5 + etc.

1. Of manner

thus (so most frequently, and usually pointing to what is to follow, while כֵּן points commonly to what has preceded):

• Genesis 15:5 כה יהיה זרעך thus shall thy seed be
• Numbers 6:23
• 1 Kings 2:30 כֹּה דִבֶּר יוֺאָב וְכֹה עָנָנִי
• 1 Kings 5:25
• Isaiah 24:13 (answered by בְּ, as Jeremiah 23:29)
• with a substantive: Isaiah 20:6 הִנֵּה כֹה מַבָּטֵנוּ
• Jeremiah 9:21 (si vera lectio)
• Jeremiah 23:29
• 1 Samuel 27:11

Mostly confined to particular phrases:

a. With different forms of אמר

• כה תאמר thus shalt thou say Exodus 3:14–15; Exodus 19:3; Exodus 20:22 etc.
• especially כה אמר יי֞ thus saith (or said) Yahweh Exodus 4:22; Exodus 5:1; Exodus 7:17; Exodus 7:26; Exodus 8:16 etc.
• continually in the prophets, as Isaiah 7:7; Isaiah 8:11; Isaiah 18:4 etc.; Jeremiah 2:2, 5; Jeremiah 4:27; Jeremiah 6:16 etc.
• idiomatic formula אִם כֹּה יאֹמַר if he say (or used to say) Genesis 31:8; 1 Samuel 14:9–10; 1 Samuel 20:7; 2 Samuel 15:26

b. With עשׂה to do thus

• Exodus 5:15; Deuteronomy 7:5
• pointing back: Numbers 22:30; Joshua 6:14; 1 Samuel 27:11
• especially in the phrase כה יעשׂה אלהים וכה יוסיף (with variations), 1 Samuel 3:17 + (see יסף), in which כֹּה points to an imprecation understood but not expressed
• with בְּ prefixed: 1 Kings 22:20 ויאמר זה בְּכֹה וזה אמר בְּכֹה and one spake in this wise, and another spake in that wise (parallel 2 Chronicles 18:19 כָּכָה ... כָּכָה)

2. Of place

here (rare, chiefly in Elohist Source):

• Genesis 31:37 שִׂים כֹּה place it here before my brethren
• Numbers 23:15 (twice)
• 2 Samuel 18:30
• Ruth 2:8
• Repeated: Exodus 2:12 וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה and he turned this way and that way
• כֹּה ... כֹּה on this side ... on that side Numbers 11:31
• With עַד: Genesis 22:5 עַד כֹּֿה as far as here (δεικτικῶς) i.e. yonder

3. Of time

• עַד כֹּה hitherto, Exodus 7:16 (compare עַד־הֵֿנָּה), Joshua 17:14
• עַד־כֹּֿה וְעַד־כֹּֿה till now and till then, i.e. meanwhile, 1 Kings 18:45

Aramaic

I. כָּה adverb — here (Biblical Hebrew כֹּה).

Cognates:

• Targum ᵑ7, Mandean כָּא
• Christian-Palestinian Aramaic כא
• Syriac with prefixes: לְכָא hither, אֵיכָא where?

1. literally here, hitherto
   • עָד כָּֿה סוֺפָא דִי־מִלְּתָא hitherto is the end of the matter Daniel 7:28 (compare Jeremiah 48:47; Jeremiah 51:64)

¹ Friedrich Eduard König, Historisch-Kritisches Lehrgebäude der hebräischen Sprache (1881-1897), ii. 1, 252.

Adverb

LXX: τάδε οὕτωσ '' --- ὧδε

LXX Usage Statistics

H3541:

τάδε 367× (64.0%)

οὕτωσ 158× (27.7%)

'' 20× (3.0%)

--- 10× (1.8%)

ὧδε 8× (1.4%)

ἐντεῦθεν 2× (0.4%)

τοῦτο 2× (0.3%)

אמר אָמַר

he has said

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אמר

ʼâmar

Definition

to say (used with great latitude)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H559

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 155

1. (not used) to stand prominently upwards, to project upwards, hence to be elevated. 2. to say, to speak, to command; to press out sounds from within.

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 755

to say, speak

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 58

1. to say (dico). Differs from דבר (to speak) in that אָמַר is almost uniformly followed by the words spoken (Lev. 1:2; Gen. 44:16). 2. to think. (Speaking and thinking).

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 59

To command (Est 1:17, 1 Chr 21:17); to praise (Ps 40:11). Niph.: to be said, to be called holy (Is 4:3). Hiph.: to declare solemnly, to promise (Deut 26:17, 18). Hithpa.: to boast one's self (Ps 94:4), or to exercise dominion.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H559

I. אָמַר (5287) verb utter, say (Egyptian mr command; Phoenician אמר; Aramaic אֲמַר; Ethiopic ሀሁሂሃ I. 2 shew, declare; Arabic أمر command; perhaps √ אמר originally = be or make prominent, hence Hithpael below, אָמִיר; Sabaean אמר lofty, epithet of king idem Mordtmann ZMG 1876, 37; compare Dl Pr 28 who thinks original meaning hell, sichtbar sein, whence Assyrian amāru, see, & shew, declare, say).

Cognates:

• Egyptian mr command
• Phoenician אמר
• Aramaic אֲמַר
• Ethiopic ሀሁሂሃ I. 2 shew, declare
• Arabic أمر command
• Sabaean אמר lofty, epithet of king
• Assyrian amāru see, & shew, declare, say

Qal

Perfect 3 masculine singular אָמַר Genesis 3:1 +; Imperfect יֹאמַר Genesis 31:8 +; וַיֹּאמֶר Genesis 1:3 +; וַיֹּאמַר Genesis 14:19 +; in Job always וַיֹּאמַר Job 3:2 +; 3 feminine singular תֹּאמַר Genesis 21:12 +; תֹּאמַר Proverbs 1:21; 1 singular אֹמַר Genesis 22:2 +; אוֹמְרָה Psalm 42:10; וָאֹמַר Genesis 20:13 +; וָאוֹמַר Nehemiah 2:7,17,20; 3 masculine plural יֹאמְרוּ Exodus 4:1 + etc.; suffix יֹמְרוּךָ Psalm 139:20; 2 masculine plural תֹּמְרוּ 2 Samuel 19:14 (compare Kö i. p. 385); Imperative אֱמֹר Genesis 45:17 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָמוֹר Exodus 21:5 +; construct אֱמֹר Ezekiel 25:8 +; הָאֱמֹר Job 34:18 but read הָאֹמַר idem Di, or better הֵאָמֹר Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative compare Ew § 328 d; suffix אָמְרִי Joshua 6:10 +; אֲמָרְכֶם Jeremiah 23:38; אֱמָרְכֶם Malachi 1:7 +; לֵאמֹר Genesis 1:22 +, etc.; Participle active אֹמֵר Genesis 32:10 +, etc.; passive הָאָמֻר Micah 2:7, but this grammatically indefensible, read הֵאָמֹר, Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative, see Dr Expositor, April, 1887, 263.

Say (subject God Genesis 3:1 Genesis 32:5, serpent Genesis 3:1, ass Numbers 22:28, horse יֹאמַר הָאָח Job 39:25 etc.; inanimate things, personified Job 28:14 compare Job 28:22 etc.; so in allegory or fable Judges 9:8; 2 Kings 14:9 etc.; especially in narration, וַיֹּאמֶר etc., Genesis 4:6 + very often): mostly followed by thing said, either substantive Jeremiah 14:17 (with clause app.) Deuteronomy 27:16 f.; Judges 12:6; pronoun Genesis 44:16; 2 Kings 20:14 +; or (usually) clause Genesis 1:3; Genesis 3:1; Genesis 37:20 + often (oratio recta [direct speech]); with adverb thus, so Genesis 32:5; Numbers 20:14; 1 Kings 20:3,5 + often; especially כֹּה אָמַר יְהוָה Exodus 5:1; Exodus 7:17; Exodus 8:1; Exodus 8:20; 1 Chronicles 17:4 + often; the person addressed usually introduced by אֵל Genesis 3:1; Genesis 15:7; Genesis 22:7; Leviticus 21:1; 2 Samuel 3:7; 1 Kings 12:5,23, or לְ Genesis 3:13; Genesis 4:15; 1 Samuel 20:2; 2 Samuel 2:21; 1 Kings 14:2 + often; rarer combinations are, בְּאָזְנֵי כֹה אָמַר Isaiah 49:20 (compare Isaiah 5:9 & see דָּבַר); לִפְנֵי כֹה אָמַר Ezekiel 28:9; לְעֵינֵי כֹה אָמַר Deuteronomy 31:7; Joshua 10:12; Jeremiah 28:11; בְּ כֹה אָמַר Joel 2:17; Psalm 126:2, where בְּ local; in all cases usually followed by direct object of words said, Exodus 19:25 being very singular; Genesis 4:8 the object-clause has probably fallen out, compare Vrss Di; = mention, name, designate Genesis 22:2,3; Genesis 43:27,29; Exodus 32:13; Numbers 14:40; 1 Samuel 10:16; 1 Samuel 16:3; 2 Samuel 6:22; Nehemiah 6:19; compare Psalm 139:20 יֹמְרוּךָ לִמְזִמָּה speak of thee for falsehood (but many, as Hup Pe Dy Che, read יַמְרוּךָ); = tell, declare, proclaim, (followed by direct object only) Psalm 40:11; Ezekiel 13:7; in reply to question = answer Exodus 12:27; Joshua 4:7; 1 Kings 9:9; Jeremiah 5:19; Jeremiah 22:9. The object spoken of may be referred to by אֵל 2 Kings 19:32; Jeremiah 22:18; Jeremiah 27:19, or לְ Genesis 20:13 אִמְרִי לִי say of me, etc. Deuteronomy 33:9; Judges 9:54; Isaiah 5:20; Psalm 3:3; Psalm 71:10, very rarely by a simple accusative Isaiah 3:10 (where read probably for אִמְרוּ, אַשְׁרֵי), except after אֲשֶׁר where the words used follow (compare אֲשֶׁר 4d) Genesis 3:17; Numbers 10:29; Numbers 14:31; Deuteronomy 28:68; Judges 7:4; 1 Samuel 9:17,23b 1 Kings 8:29; Lamentations 4:20; compare Numbers 21:16; 2 Kings 17:12; 2 Kings 21:4, & (two extreme cases) Isaiah 8:12; Lamentations 2:15 (see Dr Sm i. 24, 5); הָאָמֻר Micah 2:7 read infinitive absolute with ה interrogative הֵאָמֹר (see above) shall one say? shall it be said? After another verb of saying, introducing thing said: Deuteronomy 21:7; Deuteronomy 25:9; Deuteronomy 27:15; Song of Solomon 2:10 +, even after אָמַר Genesis 22:7; Leviticus 21:1; Jeremiah 34:2; Esther 7:5 +; especially infinitive לֵאמֹר, after דָּבַר Genesis 8:15, צָוָה Genesis 2:16, עָנָה Genesis 44:16, בָּרַךְ Genesis 1:22, נָשַׁבַע Genesis 24:7, נָּדַר Genesis 28:20, etc.; after אָמַר 2 Samuel 3:18; 1 Kings 12:23; Ruth 4:4; 1 Chronicles 21:18 +; after שָׁלַח 2 Chronicles 35:21, שׁוּב Genesis 32:7; compare also Genesis 28:6; Exodus 5:13; Exodus 9:5; Exodus 13:8; Exodus 17:4; Numbers 11:20; Deuteronomy 1:28; Deuteronomy 13:7; Judges 8:15; 1 Samuel 23:2; 1 Kings 13:3; Jeremiah 32:3; Jeremiah 37:9 +; also when subject of לֵאמֹר differs from that of preceding clause Genesis 31:1; Genesis 38:13,24 etc.; after שָׁמַע Isaiah 37:9 = 2 Kings 19:9.

1. Say in the heart (= think)

• בְּלֵב כֹּה אָמַר Deuteronomy 8:17 compare 1 Kings 12:26; Psalm 10:6; Psalm 10:11; Psalm 10:13; Psalm 14:1; Psalm 35:25; Isaiah 14:13; Isaiah 47:8,10; Isaiah 49:21; Ecclesiastes 2:1,15; Ecclesiastes 3:17,18; לִלְבָבוֹ כֹּה אָמַר Hosea 7:2; אֵל לִבּוֹ כֹּה אָמַר Genesis 8:21 said unto his heart (to himself), subject כֹּה יְהוָה, compare 1 Samuel 27:1; אָמְרָה נַפְשִׁי Lamentations 3:24; thence כֹּה אָמַר alone Genesis 20:11; Genesis 26:9; Numbers 24:11; Ruth 4:4; 1 Samuel 20:26; 2 Samuel 5:6; 2 Kings 5:11; followed by clause with כִּי Judges 15:2; in particular = desire מַה תֹּאמַר נַפְשֶׁךָ 1 Samuel 20:4 compare Esther 2:13; followed by infinitive = purpose, Exodus 2:14 thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian? Joshua 22:33; 1 Samuel 30:6; 1 Kings 5:19; 2 Chronicles 28:10,13; expect 2 Samuel 21:16 he expected to slay David 2 Chronicles 13:8; 2 Chronicles 32:1.

2. Promise

• (followed by infinitive) 1 Chronicles 27:23; 2 Chronicles 21:7; Esther 4:7; (idem + לְ of person) 2 Kings 8:19; Nehemiah 9:15; (followed by accusative of direct object + לְ of person + infinitive of purpose) Nehemiah 9:23.

3. Command

• (especially late) followed by אֵל of person addressed, Numbers 15:38; 1 Chronicles 21:18; followed by לְ Joshua 11:9; 2 Samuel 16:11; 2 Kings 4:24; Job 9:7; Psalm 106:34 (see below אֲשֶׁר 8e); followed by infinitive 1 Samuel 24:11; 1 Chronicles 21:17; 2 Chronicles 1:18; 2 Chronicles 29:27,30; 2 Chronicles 31:11; Esther 1:17; Esther 4:13,15; Esther 6:1; followed by infinitive + לְ of pers, 2 Chronicles 14:3; 2 Chronicles 29:21; 2 Chronicles 31:4; Esther 1:10; followed by accusative direct object 2 Chronicles 29:24 the king commanded the burnt-offering and the sin-offering, compare 1 Kings 5:20; Esther 2:15; followed by clause with אֲשֶׁר = that Nehemiah 13:19; idem + לְ of person Nehemiah 13:22; followed by clause with כִּי Job 36:10; absolute 1 Samuel 16:16 (read however probably יֹאמְרוּ for יֹאמַר, compare Dr); also Psalm 105:31; Psalm 105:34; Psalm 107:25; 1 Chronicles 14:12; 2 Chronicles 24:8; Nehemiah 13:9,19 (all followed by verb consecutive); command by letter עִם הַסֵּפֶר כֹּה אָמַר Esther 9:25 (followed by imperfect); appoint, assign לוֹ לְלֶחֶם כֹּה אָמַר 1 Kings 11:18 = threaten followed by infinitive Deuteronomy 9:25; Psalm 106:23.

Niphal

Perfect נֶאֱמַר Daniel 8:26; Imperfect יֵאָמֵר Genesis 22:14 +; יֵאָמַר לוֹ Isaiah 4:3; יֵאָמַר Genesis 10:9 +; וַיֵּאָמַר Joshua 2:2; be said, told Genesis 10:9; Genesis 22:14; Psalm 87:5; Jeremiah 4:11; Jeremiah 16:14 (all absolute, indefinite subject, of current saying); so said in a book Numbers 21:14; be related, told, of vision Daniel 8:26; said, told to (followed by לְ indirect object) Joshua 2:2; Hosea 2:1 (twice in verse); Zephaniah 3:16; either so, or told concerning Numbers 23:23; Ezekiel 13:12 (אֵל); יֵאָמֵר לָכֶם = ye shall be called (it shall be said to you) Isaiah 61:6 ("" תִּקָּרְאוּ לָכֶם), compare Isaiah 4:3; Isaiah 19:18; Isaiah 32:5 ("" יִקָּרֵא לְ) Isaiah 62:4 (twice in verse); hence be called, of Tophet לֹא יֵאָמֵר עוֹד הַתֹּפֶת Jeremiah 7:32; subject שֵׁם Genesis 32:29; Job 34:31 כִּי אֵל אֵל יֵאָמֵר, Rabb (compare AV) treat יֵאָמֵר as Niph`al Infinitive for לֵאָמֵר, but against grammar; the form as it stands is Qal Perfect, אֵל אֵל being prefixed to the interrogative for emphasis (compare Jeremiah 22:15; Jeremiah 23:26; Nehemiah 13:27), see Dr § 9 Di and others; Hoffm., however, reads יֵאָמֵר infinitive absolute = imperative 'so must one speak (it be spoken) to God.'

Hiphil

Perfect הֵאֱמִיר Deuteronomy 26:17 הֵאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֹם לִהְיוֹת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים; Deuteronomy 26:18 הֵאֱמִיר יְהוָה הַיּוֹם לִהְיוֹת לוֹ לְעַם (literally cause to declare, i.e. through agency of Moses; on this & other interpretations see Di).

Hithpael

Imperfect יִתְאַמֵּר Psalm 94:4 subject כָּל מְעֹלֵל אָוֶן act proudly, boast ("" יַבִּיעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק probably also 2 masculine plural תִּתְאַמֵּרוּ Isaiah 61:6 (in good sense, followed by בְּ of thing gloried in) Ges Comm. so De Che Kö i. 457 f. (from [ יָמַר ] exchange Thes Hi Kn Ew Di; but see יָמַר, מוֹר).

¹ [] Indicates that the form enclosed is not actually found (assumed/reconstructed) or that the Hebrew offers no positive proof (e.g., gender).

² √ Root or stem.

³ || Parallel of words (synonymous or contrasted); also of passages; sometimes 'see parallel' or 'so also in parallel'.

⁴ = Equivalent / equals.

⁵ + Prefixed or added, indicates 'All passages cited'. Also used as 'plus', denoting often that other passages might be cited.

⁶ J Jehovist (Yahwist) Source.

⁷ ? Sign of doubt.

⁸ t. times (following a number).

⁹ * Assumed form (not actually found).

¹⁰ ° Additions / glosses.

¹¹ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

¹² Mordtmann ZMG 1876, 37.

¹³ Dl Pr 28.

¹⁴ Ew § 328 d.

¹⁵ Kö i. p. 385.

¹⁶ Dr Expositor, April, 1887, 263.

¹⁷ Dr Sm i. 24, 5.

¹⁸ Vrss Versions.

¹⁹ Di Dillmann.

²⁰ Hup Hupfeld.

²¹ Pe Perowne.

²² Dy Delitzsch.

²³ Che Cheyne.

²⁴ AV Authorized Version.

²⁵ Rabb Rabbinic.

²⁶ Dr § 9.

²⁷ Hoffm Hoffmann.

²⁸ Ges Gesenius.

²⁹ De Delitzsch.

³⁰ Kö König.

³¹ Thes Thesaurus.

³² Hi Hitzig.

³³ Kn Knobel.

³⁴ Ew Ewald.

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0559:

No stats available

אדני אֲדֹנָי

inner master of myself/pedastals

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אדני

ʼĂdônây

Definition

the Lord (used as a proper name of God only)

Root

an emphatic form of H113 (אדון);

Exhaustive

an emphatic form of אדון; the Lord (used as a proper name of God only); (my) Lord.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H136

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲדֹנָי

proper name • Strongs_Numbers • Page 591

Lord. A title used for God, whose vowel points were applied to the Tetragrammaton (יהוה) to create the form יְהוָה, guiding the reader to say 'Adonai' instead of pronouncing the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲדֹנָי

noun proper • Page 25

The Lord; used exclusively of God. An ancient plural termination used to distinguish from אֲדֹנַי (my lords). Gen. 18:3; Ex. 4:10; Is. 8:7; Job 28:28.

Noun proper name

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0136:

No stats available

יהוה יְהוִה

He Is

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יהוה

Yᵉhôvih

Definition

{YHWH}

Root

a variation of H3068 (יהוה) (used after H136 (אדני), and pronounced by Jews as H430 (אלהים), in order to prevent the repetition of the same sound, since they elsewhere pronounce H3068 (יהוה) as H136 (אדני))

Exhaustive

a variation of יהוה (used after אדני, and pronounced by Jews as אלהים, in order to prevent the repetition of the same sound, since they elsewhere pronounce יהוה as אדני); {YHWH}; God.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3069

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְהוָה

proper name • Root הוה היה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 591

The proper name of God in the Old Testament. The vowel points are a later addition, taken from the word אֲדֹנָי (Adonai), as the name was considered too sacred to be pronounced. Its etymology is connected to the verb 'to be', signifying 'the existing', 'the everlasting'.

Matched via consonantal key only

יְהוָֹה

noun / masculine • Root היה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 587

A characteristic name of God among the Hebrews, frequently used in post-Mosaic proper names.

Matched via consonantal key only

יְהֹוָה

noun masculine • Root יהה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 590

A pre-Mosaic old Semitic name of the supreme God, which was specially revealed for the older אֵל at the establishment of the Mosaic religion, as an abstract of all divine greatness and holiness.

Matched via consonantal key only

יֱהֹוִה

proper name • Root הוה היה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 591

A variant vocalization of the divine name, using the vowels of אֱלֹהִים (Elohim). This form is used when the divine name follows the word אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) to avoid the repetition of Adonai's vowels.

Matched via consonantal key only

יַהְוֶה

proper name • Consonantal / Medium • Page 591

A scholarly vocalization and proposed original pronunciation of the divine name.

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun proper name

LXX: κύριοσ κύριε θεόσ κυρίου θεὸσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3069:

κύριοσ 199× (74.1%)

κύριε 27× (10.0%)

θεόσ 16× (5.3%)

κυρίου 13× (4.6%)

θεὸσ 6× (1.8%)

κυρίῳ 3× (0.9%)

δέσποτα 2× (0.7%)

'' 2× (0.6%)

ביום בְּיוֹם

within the Manifestation/Day

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יום

yôwm

Definition

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)

Root

from an unused root meaning to be hot;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb); age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3117

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יוֹם

noun masculine • Root ימם • Strongs / High • Page 595

brightness, splendour, shining, light. hence 1. the day (the period of light), opposed to night; can also mean mid-day. 2. the civil day, including night.

יוֹם

noun masculine • Root יום • Strongs / High • Page 596

Day; also used metaphorically for a specific time or event, such as birth-day, day of punishment, day of death, the present time, or the end of life.

יוֹם

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root יום • Strongs / High • Page 596

Aramaic (Chaldee) word for 'day', with the same variety of senses as the Hebrew.

יוֹם

noun / masculine • Root ימם • Strongs / High • Page 612

1. clearness, light. 2. day (including the night). The plural form יָמִים can also mean a short time, an indefinite time, or a long time.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יוֹם

m. prim. dec. i. • Page 277

1. day. Phrases: הַיּוֹם (this day; to-day, 1 Sam. 12:17); בְּיוֹם (on the day when, Gen 2:17); כְּיוֹם (now, Gen. 25:31); יוֹם יוֹם (daily, Neh. 8:18); מִיּוֹם (from the day on, Ex. 10:6). Special uses: a day of misfortune (Obad. 12), a day of prosperity or festival (Hos. 7:5), and the day of Jehovah/judgment (Joel 1:15). 2. time generally (Gen. 39: 11).

יוֹם

noun masculine • Page 278

Day. (1) Specially days of one's life (Gen. 6:3, Gen. 43:9, Sam. 25:28). (2) Time generally (Gen. 47:8, Ex. 2:11, Judg. 18:1). (3) Some or several days (Neh. 1:4, Dan. 8:27, Gen. 40:4). (4) A year (Lev. 25:29, Judg. 17:10, 1 Sam. 2:19).

יוֹם

m. chald. • Page 278

Day, as in Heb. Plural יוֹמִין, emphatic יוֹמַיָּא. (Ezra 4:15, 19).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3117

I. יוֺם (approximate number of occurrences: 2285) noun masculine — day.

Cognates:

• Late Hebrew id.
• Aramaic יומָא
• Phoenician ים
• Moabite Inscription¹ ימן
• Siloam Inscription² ים
• Zinjirli יום
• Palmyrene יום
• Arabic يوم
• Ethiopic ዮም
• Sabean יום, ים
• Assyrian ummu, ûmu

— יוֺם absolute Genesis 1:5 +; construct Genesis 2:4 +; suffix יוֺמְךָ Jeremiah 50:31; יוֺמוֺ Exodus 5:13 (22 times); יוֺמָם Jeremiah 50:27; dual יוֺמַ֫יִם Exodus 21:21, יוֺמָ֑יִם Exodus 16:29; plural יָמִים Genesis 4:3 +; יָמִין (Aramaic form) Daniel 12:13; construct יְמֵי Genesis 3:14 +; יְמוֺת Deuteronomy 32:7, Psalm 90:15; suffix יָמַי Job 7:6 + etc.

1. Day, opposed to night

• Genesis 7:12, 14; Genesis 8:22 (Jehovist Source)
• Genesis 1:5, 14, 16, 18 (Priestly Code)
• חֹם הַיּוֺם the heat of the day Genesis 18:1 (Jehovist Source); 1 Samuel 11:11
• עוֺד גָּדוֺל הַיּוֺם the day is still high Genesis 29:7 (Jehovist Source)
• רוּחַ הַיּוֺם cool of the day Genesis 3:8
• מַחֲצִית הַיּוֺם mid-day Nehemiah 8:3
• עַד נְטוֺת הַיּוֺם until the declining of the day Judges 19:8

2. Day as division of time

a. Working-day

• Exodus 20:9–10 (Elohist Source) = Deuteronomy 5:18
• יְמֵי הַמַּעֲשֶׂה Ezekiel 46:1

b. Day's journey

• דֶּרֶךְ יוֺם Numbers 11:31 (Jehovist-Elohist Source)
• דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים a three days' journey Genesis 30:36; Exodus 3:18 (Jehovist Source)

c. Duration of acts or states

• forty days Genesis 7:17; Genesis 8:6 (Jehovist Source)
• שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים לַיְלָה וָיוֺם Esther 4:16

e. Day of month

• Genesis 7:11; Genesis 8:4, 14 (Priestly Code)
• Haggai 1:1, 15

f. Defined by substantive or clause

• יוֺם הַשֶּׁלֶג the snowy day 2 Samuel 23:20
• יוֺם הֻלֶּדֶת birthday Genesis 40:20 (Elohist Source)

i. Holy day

• יוֺם הַשַּׁבָּת the sabbath day Exodus 20:8 (Elohist Source)
• יוֺם הַכִּמֻּרים Leviticus 23:27

3. Day of Yahweh

יוֺם יְהוָה day of Yahweh, chiefly as time of his coming in judgment:

• Amos 5:18, 20
• Zephaniah 1:7, 14
• יוֺם עֶבְרַת יְהוָה Zephaniah 1:18
• יוֺם נָקָם Isaiah 34:8

4. Plural: days as lifetime or age

• Genesis 6:3 (Jehovist Source)
• כָּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ all the days of thy life Genesis 3:14, 17 (Jehovist Source)
• בָּא בַּיָּמִים advanced in days (age) Genesis 18:11; Genesis 24:1 (Jehovist Source)
• אֹרֶךְ יָמִים length of days Proverbs 3:2, 16

5. Indefinite or ancient time

• יָמִים אֲחָדִים some days, a few days Genesis 27:44 (Jehovist Source)
• יְמוֺת עוֺלָם days of old Deuteronomy 32:7
• יְמֵי קֶדֶם Micah 7:20
• אַחֲרִית הַיּוֺם coming time Proverbs 31:25

6. Time or Year

• חֹדֶשׁ יָמִים a month of time Genesis 29:14 (Jehovist Source)
• זֶבַךְ הַיָּמִים yearly sacrifice 1 Samuel 1:21; 2:19
• מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה from year to year, yearly Exodus 13:10 (Jehovist-Elohist Source)

7. Particular Phrases

a. Today

• הַיּוֺם to-day Genesis 4:14; Genesis 31:43

c. Lo! days are coming

• הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים Amos 4:2; Jeremiah 7:32

f. Always / Continually

feminine כָּל הַיָּמִים always, continually:

• Genesis 43:9 (Jehovist Source)
• Deuteronomy 4:40; Deuteronomy 6:24

g. On a particular day

• בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא on that day Genesis 15:18
• עַד הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה until this day Genesis 26:33 (Jehovist Source); Joshua 4:9

h. As daily

masculine עַל יוֺם טוֺב upon a good day 1 Samuel 25:8.

¹ MI: Moabite Inscription (Mesha Stele).

² SI: Siloam Inscription.

³ COT: Eberhard Schrader, The Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament (Die Keilinschriften und das Alte Testament).

⁴ J: Jehovist (Yahwist) Source.

⁵ E: Elohist Source.

⁶ P: Priestly Code / Narrative.

⁷ D: Deuteronomic Source.

⁸ H: Holiness Code.

Preposition, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: ἡμέρᾳ ἡμέρασ σήμερον ἡμέραν ἡμερῶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3117:

ἡμέρᾳ 574× (20.2%)

ἡμέρασ 571× (23.8%)

σήμερον 204× (9.1%)

ἡμέραν 171× (6.9%)

ἡμερῶν 153× (6.4%)

ἡμέρα 135× (5.4%)

ἡμέραισ 133× (4.6%)

ἡμέραι 116× (4.7%)

--- 51× (2.4%)

'' 46× (1.8%)

טהרי טַהֲרִי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

טהר

ṭâhêr

Definition

to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated; Levitically, uncontaminated; morally, innocent or holy)

Root

a primitive root; properly, to be bright; i.e. (by implication)

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to be bright; i.e. (by implication); to be pure (physical sound, clear, unadulterated; Levitically, uncontaminated; morally, innocent or holy); be (make, make self, pronounce) clean, cleanse (self), purge, purify(-ier, self).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2891

ני

Definition

I, subject pronoun - subject: 1st person common singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal subject pronoun - suffix for some adverbs and infinitives: 1st person singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9040

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

טָהֵר

verb • Root טהר • Strongs / High • Page 554

To be bright, shining; hence to make clean, to purify. Metaphorically, to cleanse from leprosy, to dedicate, consecrate, or purify in an ethical sense.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

טָהֵר

verb • Page 260

To be or become pure; in a physical sense (2 K. 5:12, 13), especially in a ceremonial sense (Lev. 7:19; 10:10; 11:36) and in a moral sense (Job 4:17; Prov. 20:9). Pi. טִהֵר: 1. to purify (Ezek. 24:13); 2. to pronounce clean or pure (Lev. 13:13). Hithpa. הִטַּהֵר: to purify one's self (Gen. 35:2).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H2891

I. טָהֵר verb — be clean, pure.

Cognates:

• Arabic طَهُرَ, طَهَرَ idem
• Late Hebrew idem, Pi`el make or declare ceremonially clean
• Aramaic טְהַר emptiness, טִיהֲרָא brightness
• Sabean טהר
• Ethiopic ጠሀረ purify, wash oneself with water

Qal

— טָהֵר Perfect Leviticus 11:32 (12 times); 3 feminine singular טָֽהֲרָה Leviticus 12:7; Leviticus 15:28; טָהֵ֑רָה Leviticus 12:8 etc., + 5 times; Imperfect יִטְהַר Leviticus 15:13; Job 4:17 etc., + 9 times; Imperative טְהָ֑ר 2 Kings 5:10, 13.

1. be clean, i.e. (miraculously) freed from leprosy by washing in the Jordan:
   • 2 Kings 5:10, 12, 13, 14
2. be clean ceremonially (Holiness and Priests' Codes):
   • Leviticus 15:13, 28 (twice in verse) (Priests' Code)
   • Leviticus 22:4 (Holiness Code)
   • by washing with water: the flesh Leviticus 22:7 (Holiness Code); garments Leviticus 13:6, 34, 58; Numbers 31:24 (all Priests' Code)
   • both flesh and garments: Leviticus 17:5 (Holiness Code), Leviticus 14:8, 9; Leviticus 15:13; Numbers 19:19 (all Priests' Code)
   • other articles: Leviticus 11:32 (Priests' Code); passing things through the fire Numbers 31:23 (Priests' Code)
   • offering sin-offerings: Leviticus 12:7, 8; Leviticus 14:20 (Priests' Code); by the ceremony of the two birds Leviticus 14:53 (Priests' Code); by ashes of red heifer Numbers 19:12 (twice in verse) (Priests' Code)
3. be clean morally:
   • of people, made clean by Yahweh scattering clean water upon them Ezekiel 36:25
   • of Jerusalem, specifically made clean from idolatry, under figure of adultery Jeremiah 13:27; also followed by מִן Ezekiel 24:13 (twice in verse) (purification by Yahweh)
   • made clean מִכָּלחַֿטּאֹתֵיכֶם Leviticus 16:30 (Priests' Code; by the sin-offering of the atonement day)
   • of the individual, be clean מֵחַטָּאוֺת Proverbs 20:9 ("" זכה); become clean by use of hyssop Psalm 51:9 ("" אַלְבִּין)
   • generally: אִםמֵֿעשֵֹׁהוּ יִטְהַרגָּֿ֑בֶר Job 4:17 shall a man be more pure than his maker? ("" יִצְדָּ֑ק)

Pi`el

— Perfect טִהַר Leviticus 13:3 (4 times); suffix טִהֲרוֺ Leviticus 13:6 (5 times); 2 masculine singular טִהַרְתָּ Numbers 8:6, 15 etc. + 7 times; Imperfect יְטַהֵר 2 Chronicles 34:5 etc. + 4 times; Imperative suffix טַהֲרֵנִי Psalm 51:4; Infinitive construct טַהֵר Ezekiel 39:12 (5 times); suffix טַהֲרִי Ezekiel 36:33 etc. + 4 times; Participle מְטַחֵר Leviticus 14:11; Malachi 3:3 (chiefly Priests' Code).

1. cleanse, purify:
   • a. physically: metals from dross Malachi 3:3; land from corpses Ezekiel 39:12, 14, 16; heavens from clouds Job 37:21; temple from unclean things 2 Chronicles 29:15, 16, 18; land and city from Asherim and images 2 Chronicles 34:3, 5, 8; store-chambers of temple from household stuff Nehemiah 13:9; priesthood by exclusion of alien blood Nehemiah 13:30.
   • b. ceremonially: the altar of incense by the blood of the annual sin-offering Leviticus 16:19 (Priests' Code); the people, gates, and wall Nehemiah 12:30; the altar of the court by the blood of sin-offerings Ezekiel 43:26; of consecration of Levites by מֵי חטאת Numbers 8:6, 7 (Priests' Code), and חטאת Numbers 8:15, 21 (Priests' Code).
   • c. morally: Leviticus 16:30 (Priests' Code), Ezekiel 37:23; Malachi 3:3; מֵחַטָּאֹת Psalm 51:4; מֵעונ(ות) Jeremiah 33:8; Ezekiel 36:33; מִטּמא(ו)ת Ezekiel 24:13; Ezekiel 36:25.
2. pronounce clean, ceremonially:
   • Leviticus 13:6, 13, 17, 23, 12:28 (sic), 13:34, 37, 59; 14:7, 48 (all Priests' Code).
3. perform the ceremony of cleansing:
   • Leviticus 14:11 (Priests' Code).

Pu`al

— Perfect 3 masculine singular טֹהַר 1 Samuel 20:26 (so read for Masoretic Text טָהוֹר, Septuagint, Wellhausen, Driver: he is not clean, because he hath not been cleansed); Participle אֶרֶץ לֹא מְטֹהָרָה a land not cleansed Ezekiel 22:24 (but Septuagint, Hitzig, Ewald, Cornill, Siegfried-Stade read a land not rained upon, see מָטַר).

Hithpa`el

— Perfect 3 plural הִטָּֽהֲרוּ Ezra 6:20; הִטֶּהָ֑רוּ (König^{i. 271}) 2 Chronicles 30:18; Numbers 8:7; 1 plural הִטַּהַרְנוּ Joshua 22:17; Imperfect יִטָּֽהֲרוּ Nehemiah 12:30; Imperative הִטָּֽהֲרוּ Genesis 35:2; Participle מִטַּהֵר Leviticus 14:7 (11 times); plural מִטַּהֲרִים Nehemiah 13:22; Isaiah 66:17.

1. purify oneself:
   • a. ceremonially, especially in preparation for sacred duties: Genesis 35:2 (Redactor), Numbers 8:7; 2 Chronicles 30:18; Ezra 6:20; Nehemiah 13:22; also for heathen mysteries Isaiah 66:17; of purifying priests, people, and wall Nehemiah 12:30.
   • b. morally: Joshua 22:17 (Priests' Code).
2. present oneself for purification, only participle הַמִּטַּהֵר the candidate for purification:
   • Leviticus 14:4, 7, 8, 11, 14, 17, 18, 19, 25, 28, 29, 31 (Priests' Code).

¹ Joseph Halévy, Études Sabéennes (Hal).

² J. Wellhausen (We); S. R. Driver (Dr).

³ F. Hitzig (Hi); H. Ewald (Ew); C. H. Cornill (Co); Siegfried-Stade, Hebräisches Wörterbuch (SS).

⁴ Friedrich Eduard König, Lehrgebäude der hebräischen Sprache (Kö).

⁵ Sources: Holiness Code (H); Priests' Code (P); Redactor (R).

Verb Piel infinitive construct common, Suffix pronominal first person both singular

LXX: ἔσται καθαριεῖ καθαρὸσ καθαρίσαι καθαριζομένου

LXX Usage Statistics

H2891:

ἔσται 13× (9.7%)

καθαριεῖ 11× (9.8%)

καθαρὸσ 10× (9.3%)

καθαρίσαι 6× (5.6%)

καθαριζομένου 6× (5.3%)

καθαρισθῇ 4× (4.1%)

καθαριῶ 4× (3.5%)

καθαρισθήσεσθε 3× (2.6%)

--- 3× (3.1%)

καθαρισθήσεται 3× (2.8%)

אתכם אֶתְכם

your eternal selves

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

כם

Definition

you, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 2nd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9036

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H853

I. אֵת — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite idem, Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.); Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f., Samaritan ܢܡ; Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189. [Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been ʾiwyaṯ, originally a substantive with following Genitive, Ol p. 432; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוּת sign from √ אוָה is uncertain: Ol W AG i. § 188 Lag M i. 226 affirm, Nö ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is אוּת; the forms with אֵת, אֶת being abbreviated. In post-Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוּתוֹ הַיּוֹם = Biblical Hebrew בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, בְּאוּתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוּתוֹ הָאִישׁ = Biblical Hebrew הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

Cognates:

• Moabite idem
• Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.)
• Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos
• Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f.
• Samaritan ܢܡ
• Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189
• Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כָּל), or by a Genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names

• a. With transitive verbs:
  • Genesis 1:1, 16, 29, 30; Genesis 2:11; Genesis 4:1, 2; Genesis 9:3 (אֶת־כָּל) etc.
  • Similarly אֶת־מִי whom (in particular), Joshua 24:15; 1 Samuel 12:3; 1 Samuel 28:11; Isaiah 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶת־מָה); also with זֶה Genesis 29:33; Genesis 44:29; 1 Samuel 21:16; 1 Kings 22:27 +, זֹאת Genesis 29:27; 2 Samuel 13:27 +, אַחֲלֶה Genesis 46:18; Leviticus 11:18; Isaiah 49:21 +.
  • So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry אֵת is commonly dispensed with.
  • By the use of אֵת with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Genesis 7:1; Genesis 24:14; Genesis 37:4; Leviticus 10:17; Leviticus 11:33; Numbers 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deuteronomy 4:14; Deuteronomy 6:13, 23; Deuteronomy 13:5; Judges 14:3 אוּתָהּ קַח־לִי take for me her, 1 Samuel 14:35; 1 Samuel 15:1; 1 Samuel 18:17; 1 Samuel 21:10 אִם־אֶת־הָהִיא תִּקַּח־לְךָ קַח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1 Kings 1:35; 1 Kings 14:9; Isaiah 43:22; Isaiah 57:11; Jeremiah 9:2.
  • So הָאוּתִי Jeremiah 5:22; Jeremiah 7:19.
  • It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jeremiah 7:19; Ezekiel 34:2.
  • Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew § 277 d 2 Ges § 117, 1, R. 2), as Exodus 21:28; Numbers 21:9; Leviticus 20:14; 1 Samuel 24:6 (but see Dr) 2 Samuel 4:11; 2 Samuel 18:18; 2 Samuel 23:21; or which, though definite, is without the article, Genesis 21:30; 2 Samuel 15:16; Leviticus 26:5; 1 Samuel 9:3 (so Numbers 16:15) Isaiah 33:19; Isaiah 41:7; Ezekiel 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.).
• b. With a passive verb (Ges § 121. 1 Ew § 295 b) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Genesis 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֹךְ אֶת־עִירָד, Genesis 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Genesis 21:5 (E), Genesis 27:42; 2 Samuel 21:11; 1 Kings 18:13; Hosea 10:6 etc., to Jeremiah 35:18; Jeremiah 38:4; Jeremiah 50:20; Ezekiel 16:4, 5; Esther 2:13 (compare Dr JPh xi. 227 f.): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew § 281 b), as Exodus 1:7 +.
• c. With neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατά σύνεσιν (rare): Joshua 22:17; 2 Samuel 11:25; Nehemiah 9:32 (compare 1 Samuel 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Haggai 2:17; אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֲלֵי.
• d. Poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force: Habakkuk 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isaiah 13:19; Jeremiah 50:40 מַהֲפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W AG i. § 196, 43]; and Numbers 10:2; Ezekiel 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׁאוֹת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew § 239 a).

2. אֵת marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb

• a. With verbs of motion (very rare): Numbers 13:17; Deuteronomy 1:19; Deuteronomy 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judges 19:18; Ezekiel 21:25 (Ew § 281 d, n., 282 a 1).
• b. Denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exodus 13:7; Leviticus 25:22; Deuteronomy 9:25.
• c. Expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Genesis 17:11, 14; 1 Kings 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατά σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition

• Thus (α): Exodus 1:14; Numbers 3:26, 46; Numbers 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezekiel 35:10) Numbers 18:21 b Deuteronomy 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deuteronomy 14:13; Joshua 17:11; Judges 20:44, 46 (contr. Judges 20:25; Judges 20:35) 1 Samuel 17:34 (see Dr) 1 Samuel 26:16; 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Kings 6:5; Isaiah 53:8 (probably), Isaiah 57:12; Jeremiah 23:33 (but read rather with LXX Targum אֶתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jeremiah 27:8; Jeremiah 36:22; Jeremiah 38:16 Kt, Jeremiah 45:4 b Ezekiel 16:22; Ezekiel 17:21; Ezekiel 20:16; Ezekiel 29:4; b Ezekiel 43:7 (LXX Co prefix הָרְאִיתָ) Ezekiel 44:3; Zechariah 8:17; Ecclesiastes 4:3; Daniel 9:13; Nehemiah 9:19, 34; 1 Chronicles 2:9; 2 Chronicles 31:17.
• In 1 Samuel 30:23; Haggai 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood.
• (β): Jeremiah 38:9; Ezekiel 14:22; b Ezekiel 37:19 b Zechariah 12:10; סָבִיב אֵת 1 Kings 6:5; Ezekiel 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings LXX omits the clause: so Sta ZAW 1883, 135).
• — In 1 Kings 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); 1 Kings 11:25 is corrupt (read with LXX זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדַד); Ezekiel 47:17, 18, 19 read similarly for וְאֵת, זֹאת: see Ezekiel 47:20.

— For some particulars as to the use of אֵת, see A. M. Wilson Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff. (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, אֵת with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie ZAW 1881, 258 f.), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli Had. 28 with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתו (Lzb 263 Cooke 170; compare RÉS 468); Targum Onkelos Samaritan יָת; Syriac ܒܪ (rare)); — Daniel 3:12 דִּי מְנִיּתָ יָתְהוֹן whom thou hast appointed.

¹ Schröd: Paul Schröder, Die phönizische Sprache, Halle, 1869.

² Lag: Paul de Lagarde, works on Semitic languages.

³ Nö: Theodor Nöldeke, Orientalische Skizzen, Berlin, 1892.

⁴ Ol: Julius Olshausen, Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Braunschweig, 1861.

⁵ W AG: Wilhelm Gesenius, Thesaurus Linguae Hebraeae, ed. by E. Rödiger, Leipzig, 1835-1858.

⁶ Di: August Dillmann, Ethiopic Grammar, Leipzig, 1857.

⁷ Targ: Targum.

⁸ PS: Payne Smith, Syriac Dictionary.

⁹ Qor: Quran.

¹⁰ Ew: Heinrich Ewald, Ausführliches Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Göttingen, 1870.

¹¹ Ges: Wilhelm Gesenius, Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

¹² Dr: Samuel Rolles Driver, works on Hebrew.

¹³ JPh: Journal of Philology.

¹⁴ LXX: Septuagint.

¹⁵ Targum: Targum.

¹⁶ Sta: Bernhard Stade, Geschichte des Volkes Israel, Berlin, 1887.

¹⁷ ZAW: Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft.

¹⁸ Gie: Friedrich Giesebrecht, works on Hebrew.

¹⁹ Lzb: Mark Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik, Weimar, 1898.

²⁰ Cooke: George Albert Cooke, North-Semitic Inscriptions, Oxford, 1903.

²¹ RÉS: Revue des Études Sémitiques.

Direct object eternal self, Suffix pronominal second person masculine plural

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

מכל מִכֹּל

from all/every

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

כל

kôl

Definition

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

Root

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל);

Exhaustive

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3605

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּל

noun / masculine • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 695

Properly 'all, whole, totality'. 1. Used adjectivally to mean 'all' or 'the whole of', as in 'all the earth'. 2. Describes a plurality of individual persons or things, translated as 'all'.

כֹּל

substantive / adverb • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 696

A substantive meaning all, the whole, every, any. When used with a negative, it means none at all. It can also function as an adverb meaning wholly or altogether.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּל

chald. • Page 316

Same as Hebrew (all, every). Often appears with Makkeph as -כֹּל. References: Dan. 2:40, 4:9, 18, 25.

כֹּל

m. verbal • Root כלל • Page 315

A substantive meaning 'all', 'the whole', or 'totality'. Frequently used as an adjective (Jer. 33:8). 1. all. 2. every one.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3605

I. כֹּל (approximate number of occurrences: 5415) noun masculine — the whole, all (once כּוֹל Jeremiah 33:8 Kt.).

Cognates:

• Moabite, Phoenician id.
• Aramaic כּוּל, כֹּל
• Arabic كل
• Sabean כל (compare DHM¹)
• Ethiopic ኩሉ
• Assyrian kullatu

— כֹּל absolute; construct כֹּל Genesis 2:5, Genesis 2:16, Genesis 2:20; כֹּל־ Psalm 138:2; more usually כָּל־ (with makkaph: without it, Psalm 35:10; Proverbs 19:7; Kö²); suffix 2 masculine singular in pause כֻּלָּךְ Micah 2:12; 2 feminine singular כֻּלֵּךְ Isaiah 14:29, Isaiah 14:31, כֻּלָּךְ Isaiah 22:1; Song of Solomon 4:7; 3 masculine singular כֻּלֹּה 2 Samuel 2:9 (Dr³) + 17 times, כֻּלּוֹ Genesis 25:25 + 16 times; 3 feminine singular כֻּלָּהּ Genesis 13:10 + 15 times, כֻּלָּא Ezekiel 36:5; 1 plural כֻּלָּנוּ (16 times); 2 plural כֻּלְּכֶם (18 times); 3 masculine plural כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּם Jeremiah 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַם 2 Samuel 23:6 (and Jeremiah 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 feminine plural כֻּלָּ֫נָה Genesis 42:36; Proverbs 31:29; כֻּלָּֽהְנָה 1 Kings 7:37.

1. With following Genitive

a. The whole of, all, every

• Genesis 2:2 כָּל־צְבָאָם (the whole of their host)
• Genesis 2:13 כָּל־אֶרֶץ כּוּשׁ (the whole of the land of Kush)
• כָּל־הַלַּיְלָה (the whole of the night)
• כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל (the whole of Israel)
• Deuteronomy 4:29 בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ (with all thy heart)
• With plural nouns: Genesis 5:5 כל־ימי אדם (all the days of Adam); Genesis 37:35 כל־בניו (all his sons); Isaiah 2:2 כל־הגוים (all the nations); Genesis 43:9 כל הימים (continually)
• In poetry, noun may be undetermined: כָּל־יָדַיִם (every hand) Isaiah 13:7; Jeremiah 48:37; Ezekiel 21:12; כל־פנים (every face) Isaiah 25:8

b. Followed by singular, understood collectively

• Genesis 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה (every living soul)
• Genesis 2:9 כל עץ נחמד (every kind of tree)
• Genesis 6:12 כָּל־בָּשָׂר (all flesh)
• Numbers 12:3; Judges 16:17 כל האדם (the whole of mankind)
• Exodus 1:22 כל־הבן (all the sons)
• In late Hebrew: בְּכָל־דּוֹר וָדוֹר Psalm 45:18; Esther 9:28; בכל־עיר ועיר 2 Chronicles 11:12

c. Genitive as a relative sentence

• Introduced by אשׁר: Genesis 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה (all that he had made); Joshua 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ (wheresoever thou goest)
• Rarely with ellipse of relative: Genesis 39:4 וְכָל־יֶשׁ־לוֹ; Psalm 71:18 לְכָל־יָבוֹא

d. Idiomatic use with suffixes

• Placing suffix after the word qualified: 2 Samuel 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלֹּה (Israel, all of it); Isaiah 14:29 פלשׁת כלך (Philistia, all of thee!)
• Suffix of 3ms used for the mass: Exodus 14:7 עַל־כֻּלּוֹ (upon all of them); Psalm 29:9 כֻּלּוֹ אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד (every one says, Glory!)

e. Affirming or denying of an entire class (any/none)

• Comparative: Genesis 3:1 מכל חית השׂדה (than any beast of the field)
• With negative (none): Exodus 12:16 כל־מלאכה לא יעשׂה (no work shall be done); Psalm 143:2 כי לא־יצדק לפניך כל־חי (for no living thing is righteous before thee)

f. Anomalous gender

feminine very anomalously, severed from its Genitive: 2 Samuel 1:9 כִּי־כָל־עוֹד נַפְשִׁי בִי; Job 27:3; Hosea 14:3 כָּל־תִּשָּׂא עָוֺן.

2. Absolutely

a. Without the article (all things, all)

• Genesis 9:3 את כֹּל; Genesis 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֹ; Numbers 11:6 אֵין כֹּל (there is nothing)
• Isaiah 44:24 עשֶֹׁה כֹּל (maker of all things); Proverbs 16:4
• As Comprehensive Genitive: Ezekiel 44:30 כָּל־בִּכּוּרֵי כֹל

b. With article (הַכֹּל)

• Referring to things just mentioned: Exodus 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל; Leviticus 1:9; 1 Samuel 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד
• In wider sense (the universe, to pan): Jeremiah 10:16 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא; Psalm 103:19
• In Ecclesiastes (often): Ecclesiastes 1:2; Ecclesiastes 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל

Aramaic

I. כֹּל, כָּל־ noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל).

1. The whole of, all
   • כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶל Daniel 2:12
   • כל־מלכותא Daniel 6:4
   • suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֹן Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19
2. With a singular noun, understood collectively (every, any, none)
   • Daniel 3:29 דִּי כָל־עַם (that every people)
   • Daniel 6:8 מִן־כָּל־אֱלָה (of any god)
   • Daniel 2:10 כל־מלך... לא (no king)
   • כָּל־דִּי (whoever/whatever) Daniel 6:8; Ezra 7:23
3. Emphatic כֹּלָּא (absolutely, all things)
   • Daniel 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא (crushing all things)
   • Daniel 4:9, Daniel 4:18 וּמָזוֹן לְכֹלָּא־בֵהּ
   • Daniel 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא (all came upon...)

¹ David Heinrich Müller, Epigraphische Denkmäler aus Arabien (1889).

² Eduard König, Historisch-kritisches Lehrgebäude der hebräischen Sprache (1881-1897).

³ S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Books of Samuel (1890).

⁴ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley (GKC).

Prep-M, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πάντα πᾶσ πάντεσ πᾶν πάντασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3605:

πάντα 921× (17.0%)

πᾶσ 451× (8.4%)

πάντεσ 441× (8.4%)

πᾶν 351× (6.5%)

πάντασ 297× (5.6%)

πᾶσαν 267× (4.9%)

πάντων 242× (4.4%)

πάσασ 230× (4.4%)

--- 227× (4.5%)

πᾶσα 214× (4.0%)

עונותיכם עֲוֹנוֹתֵיכֶם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עון

ʻâvôn

Definition

perversity, i.e. (moral) evil

Root

or עוון; (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (H7 (אבד))), from H5753 (עוה);

Exhaustive

or עוון; (2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:5 (אבד)), from עוה; perversity, i.e. (moral) evil; fault, iniquity, mischeif, punishment (of iniquity), sin.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5771

כם

Definition

your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9026

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עוֹן

noun masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1066

1. perverseness (comp. Aram. עַוְיָא), hence metaphor. sin, guilt, crime, of a people or race. 2. the oppression, suffering, misfortune, destruction, punishment arising from crime.

Matched via consonantal key only

עִוּן

intransitive verb • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1065

II. (Not used) Intransitive: to glow, to burn, of the east wind; Ar. غَام to gape, to thirst.

Matched via consonantal key only

עָוּן

intransitive verb • Root עון • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1065

I. (Not used) Intransitive: same as אָוִן I. To breathe, to blow, therefore figuratively: 1. to be empty, transient, null; 2. to be sinful, wicked, false; 3. to be idolatrous, heathenish.

Matched via consonantal key only

עָוּן

intransitive verb • Root עון • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1065

II. (Not used) Intransitive: 1. Properly, to bend, to settle; hence to dwell, to abide (of men and God); to have a lair (of animals); metaphorically, to find protection, refuge. 2. To cohabit, to consummate marriage.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עוּן

verb • Page 496

To dwell. Root of מָעוֹן.

עָוֹן

noun masculine • Root עוה • Page 496

Perverseness, sins; plur. עֲוֹנִים and עֲוֹנוֹת.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H5771

I. עָוֺן (עָווֺן) noun masculine^{Isaiah 22:14} — iniquity, guilt, or punishment of iniquity.

— עָוֺן absolute Exodus 21:43 +; עָווֺן 2 Kings 7:9; Psalm 51:7; construct עֲוֺן Genesis 15:16 +; עֲווֺן 1 Chronicles 21:8; suffix עֲוֺנִי Genesis 4:13 + (2 Samuel 16:12 read בְּעָנְיִי), עֲוֺנְךָ Hosea 9:7 +; עֲוֺנֵ֑כִי Psalm 103:3; עֲוֺ֔נָהֿ Numbers 15:31 (GKC¹ § 91e), etc.; plural עֲוֺנוֺת absolute Psalm 130:3 +, construct Job 13:26 +; עַוֺנֹת absolute Psalm 65:4, construct Leviticus 16:21 +; suffix עֲוֺנֹתֶיךָ Isaiah 43:24, עֲוֺנֹתֵיכֶם Numbers 14:34 +, etc.; also עֲוֺנֶיךָ Ezekiel 28:18; עֲוֺנֵינוּ Isaiah 64:6 +, etc. (SS² doubt all these).

1. Iniquity

iniquity, Job 15:5; Job 20:27; Jeremiah 11:10; Jeremiah 14:7; Jeremiah 16:17; Lamentations 2:14; Ezekiel 7:13; (+ חטאת) 1 Samuel 20:1; Job 13:23; Isaiah 5:18; Isaiah 43:24; Isaiah 59:2; Jeremiah 5:25; Jeremiah 16:10; Lamentations 4:6, 13; Daniel 9:16; Hosea 4:8; Hosea 13:12; (+ פשׁע) Job 14:17; Job 31:33; Psalm 107:17; Isaiah 50:1; Isaiah 53:5; (+ אשׁמה) Ezra 9:6, 7, 13; (+ רעה) Job 22:5; Hosea 7:1.

a. Specific phrases

• ע׳ נְעוּרַי Job 13:26 iniquities of my youth
• ע׳ חֶרֶב Job 19:29 iniquities calling for the sword
• ע׳ מְּלִילִי(םׅ Job 31:11, 28 iniquity for (to be punished by) judges
• שְׁתֵּי עֲוֺנֹתָם Hosea 10:10 (so read Vrss Hi and others)
• כשׁל בע׳ stumble by iniquity Hosea 5:5; Hosea 14:2
• מִכְשׁוֺל ע׳ Ezekiel 7:19; Ezekiel 14:3, 4, 7; Ezekiel 18:30; Ezekiel 44:12
• לכל־עון Deuteronomy 19:15
• אשׁתמרה מע׳ 2 Samuel 22:24 = Psalm 18:24
• עָוֺן אֲשֶׁר־חֵטְא Hosea 12:9

b. Iniquity as recognized or confessed

• ידע ע׳ 1 Samuel 3:13; Isaiah 59:12; Jeremiah 3:13; Jeremiah 14:20
• התודה ע׳ Leviticus 16:21; Leviticus 26:40 (twice) (Priests' Code); Nehemiah 9:2
• הגיד ע׳ Psalm 38:19
• לא כסה ע׳ Psalm 32:5
• הזכיר ע׳ Numbers 5:15 (Priests' Code); 1 Kings 17:18; Ezekiel 21:28, 29; Ezekiel 29:16
• יִכָּֽלְמוּ מע׳ Ezekiel 43:10
• שׁוּב מע׳ Daniel 9:13
• השׁיב מע׳ Malachi 2:6

c. Phrases of divine action

• (1) Phrases of punishment: פקד ע׳ על Exodus 20:5 = Deuteronomy 5:9; Exodus 34:7; Numbers 14:18 (Jehovist Source); Leviticus 18:25 (Holiness Code); 2 Samuel 3:8; Isaiah 13:11; Isaiah 26:21; Jeremiah 25:12; Jeremiah 36:31; Amos 3:2; פקד ע׳ ב Psalm 89:33; Job 11:6; יסּר על ע׳ Psalm 39:12; שַׁתָּ֯ ע׳ לנגדךָ Psalm 90:8; גמל כע׳ Psalm 103:10; שׁמר ע׳ Psalm 130:3; שׁלּם ע׳ Isaiah 65:7; Jeremiah 16:18; Jeremiah 32:18.
• (2) Of forgiveness or removal: העביר ע׳ 2 Samuel 24:10 = 1 Chronicles 21:8; Job 7:21; Zechariah 3:4; משׁתי ע׳ Zechariah 3:9; סלח לע׳ Exodus 34:9; Numbers 14:19 (Jehovist Source); Psalm 25:11; Psalm 103:3; Jeremiah 31:34; Jeremiah 33:8; נשׂא ע׳ Exodus 34:7; Numbers 14:18; Psalm 32:5; Psalm 85:3; Isaiah 33:24; Hosea 14:3; Micah 7:18; סר ע׳ Isaiah 6:7; יכבושׁ ע׳ Micah 7:19.
• (3) Of covering over: כסה על ע׳ Nehemiah 3:37; כמּר ע׳ Psalm 78:38; Proverbs 16:6; Isaiah 22:14; Isaiah 27:9; Daniel 9:24; כמּר על ע׳ Jeremiah 18:23; יתכמּר ע׳ 1 Samuel 3:14.
• (4) Of cleansing from: כבּס מע׳ Psalm 51:4; מחה ע׳ Psalm 51:11; طهר מע׳ Jeremiah 33:8; Ezekiel 36:33.
• (5) Of imputing or reckoning: חשׁב ע׳ ל 2 Samuel 19:20; Psalm 32:2; זכר ע׳ (לׅ Psalm 79:8; Isaiah 64:8; Jeremiah 14:10; Hosea 8:13; Hosea 9:9; יִזָּכֵר ע׳ Psalm 109:14.
• (6) Other: בקשׁ (ל)ע׳ Job 10:6; Jeremiah 50:20; פדה מע׳ Psalm 130:8 ransom from iniquity.

2. Guilt of iniquity

(not always easy to distinguish from 1; SS give more, Buhl³ fewer, sub 2); — (+ תועבות) Ezekiel 36:31; (+ דם) Isaiah 59:3; (+ חמס) Ezekiel 9:9; ע׳ פעור Joshua 22:17 (Priests' Code); ע׳ סדם Ezekiel 16:49; ע׳ בצעוֺ Isaiah 57:17; שְׁנֵי עונם Ezekiel 4:4; נִכְתָּם עֲוֺנֵךְ לְפָנַי Jeremiah 2:22 the guilt of thine iniquity is marked before me; מצא ע׳ Genesis 44:16 (Elohist Source) Psalm 36:3.

a. Phrases of presence

• ב ע׳ guilt of iniquity upon one Numbers 15:31 (Priests' Code); 1 Samuel 20:8; 2 Samuel 14:32
• לא ע׳ לִי Job 33:9 (+ זַךְ)
• בלי־עון Psalm 59:5 without my guilt

b. Guilt as great or increased

• רֹב עָוֺן Jeremiah 13:22; Jeremiah 30:14, 15; Ezekiel 28:18; Hosea 9:7
• לֹא־שָׁלֵם ע׳ Genesis 15:16 (Jehovist Source)
• ע׳ עָֽבְרוּ ראֹשִׁי Psalm 38:5
• ע׳ עֲקֵבַי יְסוּבֵּנִי Psalm 49:6
• ע׳ הִשִּׂיגוּנִי Psalm 40:13
• ע׳ גברו מני Psalm 65:4
• עַם כֶּבֶד ע׳ Isaiah 1:4
• נלקח בע׳ Ezekiel 33:6

c. As a condition

• בע׳ חוללתי was I brought forth Psalm 51:7
• בע׳ גָּוַע expire Joshua 22:20 (Priests' Code)
• בע׳ מות die Jeremiah 31:30; Ezekiel 3:18, 19; Ezekiel 18:17, 18; Ezekiel 33:8, 9

3. Consequence of, or punishment for, iniquity

(SS include most of these under 2; Buhl thinks this meaning rare, giving only Genesis 4:13; Isaiah 5:18); —

• אִם יִקְּ֯רֵךְ ע׳ בדבר הזה 1 Samuel 28:10 no punishment shall happen unto thee for, etc.
• נשׂא ע׳ bear the punishment for iniquity (of others) Exodus 28:38; Leviticus 10:17; Leviticus 16:22; Numbers 30:16 (Priests' Code); Ezekiel 4:4, 5, 6; Ezekiel 18:19, 20
• (one's own) Exodus 28:43; Leviticus 5:1, 17; Leviticus 7:18; Leviticus 17:16; Leviticus 19:8; Leviticus 20:17, 19; Leviticus 22:16; Numbers 5:31; Numbers 14:34; Numbers 18:1, 23 (Priests' Code); Ezekiel 14:10; Ezekiel 44:10, 12
• גדול ע׳ מנשׂוא Genesis 4:13 (Jehovist Source) my punishment is greater than I can bear
• נִרְצָה עֲוֺנָהּ Isaiah 40:2 her punishment is accepted; compare רצה ע׳ Leviticus 26:41, 43 (Holiness Code)
• ומצאנוּ ע׳ 2 Kings 7:9 punishment will overtake us
• תנה ע׳ על ע׳ Psalm 69:28 add punishment to their punishment
• הוא יסבל ע׳ Isaiah 53:11 the consequences of their iniquities he shall bear; compare סָבָ֑לְנוּ ע׳ Lamentations 5:7
• הפגיע בו ע׳ Isaiah 53:6
• נִקָּה מע׳ freed from punishment Numbers 5:31 (Priests' Code); Job 10:14
• בי אני העון 1 Samuel 25:24 on me the punishment; עלי הע׳ 2 Samuel 14:9
• בע׳ with various verbs: Genesis 19:15 (Jehovist Source); Leviticus 26:39 (Holiness Code); Psalm 31:11; Psalm 106:43; Jeremiah 51:6; Ezekiel 4:17; Ezekiel 7:16; Ezekiel 24:23; Ezekiel 39:23
• עת ע׳ קץ Ezekiel 21:30; Ezekiel 21:34; Ezekiel 35:5

¹ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

² Siegfried-Stade's Hebräisches Wörterbuch zum Alten Testamente (1893).

³ Frants Buhl, Wilhelm Gesenius' Hebräisches und Aramäisches Handwörterbuch über das Alte Testament.

Noun common feminine plural construct, Suffix pronominal second person masculine plural

LXX: ἀδικίασ ἁμαρτίασ ἀνομίασ ἁμαρτίαν ἀδικίαν

LXX Usage Statistics

H5771:

ἀδικίασ 27× (11.9%)

ἁμαρτίασ 26× (10.8%)

ἀνομίασ 23× (8.9%)

ἁμαρτίαν 14× (6.2%)

ἀδικίαν 14× (6.2%)

ἀνομίαν 13× (5.6%)

ἀδικίαισ 10× (3.8%)

ἀδικία 8× (3.7%)

ἀνομία 7× (3.0%)

ἀδικιῶν 6× (2.6%)

והושבתי וְהוֹשַׁבְתִּי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ישב

yâshab

Definition

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry; (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3427

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָשַׁב

verb • Root ישב • Strongs / High • Page 656

To sit, remain, dwell. The fundamental meaning is to keep firmly in a place, to hold it firmly, to possess it, and therefore to sit. Piel (יִשֵּׁב): to pitch a dwelling. Hifil (הוֹשִׁיב): to cause to sit, to cause to dwell, to cause to be inhabited. Hophal (הוּשַׁב): to be inhabited, to be made to dwell, to be settled in.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָשַׁב

verb • Root ישב • Page 301

1. To seat one's self, to sit (Ps. 9:8, Ps. 80:2, Is. 37:16). Includes sitting as a judge (Ps. 9:8) or lying in wait (Ps. 10:8). 2. To continue (Gen. 24:55, 29:19, Hos. 3:3). 3. To dwell (Gen. 13:6, Gen. 4:20, Ps. 22:4). 4. Passive: to be inhabited or habitable (Is. 13:20, Jer. 17:6). Niph. נוֹשַׁב to be inhabited (Ex. 16:35).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3427

I. יָשַׁב (approximate number of occurrences: 1090) verb — sit, remain, dwell.

Cognates:

• Late Hebrew id.
• Aramaic יְתֵיב
• Mesha Inscription¹ ישב, Judges 1:8, 19 וישב, Judges 1:13 ואשב
• Phoenician ישב
• Zinjirli ישב
• Assyrian ašâbu
• Arabic وثب (leap, jump), Himyaritic dialect (sit)
• Ethiopic ወሰበ (marry, consummate marriage)

— יָשַׁב absolute Genesis 13:12 +; Perfect 2 masculine singular יָשַׁבְתָּ Judges 5:16; 2 masculine plural יְשַׁבְתֶּם Deuteronomy 1:46; Imperfect יֵשֵׁב 1 Samuel 5:7, יֵשֶׁבֿ Genesis 44:33; Imperative masculine singular שֵׁב Genesis 20:15; Infinitive absolute יָשֹׁבֿ 1 Samuel 20:5; construct שֶׁ֫בֶת 1 Samuel 7:2; suffix שִׁבְתִּי 2 Samuel 7:5; Participle masculine י(וֺ)שׁב Genesis 4:20; feminine י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת Judges 4:5.

1. Sit or Sit Down

a. Sit on or by

• On (עַל) a seat 1 Samuel 20:25, stone Exodus 17:12, throne Exodus 11:5
• In token of humiliation: on dust Isaiah 47:1, ground Ezekiel 26:16, ashes Jonah 3:6
• By (עַל) a well Exodus 2:15
• In (בְּ) house, street, doorway 2 Samuel 7:1; Genesis 38:14

b. Sit as authority (king or judge)

• Exodus 18:13; Joel 4:12
• Of Yahweh: Psalm 2:4; Psalm 29:10; Psalm 99:1 (+ כְּרוּבִים)

c. Special uses

• To perform a necessity of nature: Deuteronomy 23:14
• Of eyes: be set in their sockets Songs 5:12

2. Remain, stay, tarry

a. Tarry for a time

• With person (אֶת, עִם): Genesis 24:55; Genesis 27:44
• In a location (בְּ): 1 Samuel 7:2; 2 Samuel 10:5
• Abide, endure: Micah 5:3; Joel 4:20

3. Dwell, have one's abode

a. Physical dwelling

• In a land, city, or house: Genesis 4:16; Genesis 13:12; Deuteronomy 1:4
• In tents: Jeremiah 35:7
• With someone (אֶת, עִם, יַחְדָּו): Genesis 34:16; Genesis 13:6

b. As Substantive (Participle) — Dweller, inhabitant

• ישֵׁב אהלים dweller in tents Genesis 25:27
• ישְׁבֵי הָאָרֶץ inhabitants of the land Exodus 23:21
• Without inhabitant (מֵאֵין ישׁב): Isaiah 5:9; Jeremiah 4:7

4. Of a land or city

figurative sit, abide seated, i.e., be inhabited:

• Jeremiah 17:6; Isaiah 13:20; Zechariah 2:8

Niph`al

Perfect 3 feminine singular נוֺשָׁ֑בָה Jeremiah 6:8; Participle נוֺשָׁבוֺת Ezekiel 12:20 — be inhabited.

• Of land: Exodus 16:35
• Of cities: Ezekiel 36:10

Pi`el

Perfect 3 masculine plural וְיִשְּׁבוּ Ezekiel 25:4 — set, pitch (encampments); but others read Qal וְיֵשְׁבוּ.

Hiph`il

Perfect 3 masculine singular השִׁיב Ezra 10:14; Imperfect וַיּוֺשֵׁב Genesis 47:11 — cause to sit, dwell; marry.

a. Cause to sit or place

• On a throne: 1 Kings 2:24
• In an assembly: 1 Kings 21:9

b. Cause to dwell

• In a location: 1 Samuel 12:8; Genesis 47:6
• Cause cities to be inhabited: Ezekiel 36:33

c. Marry (give a dwelling to)

• Foreign women: Ezra 10:2, 10; Nehemiah 13:23, 27

Hoph`al

Perfect וְהוּשַׁבְתֶּם Isaiah 5:8; Imperfect תוּשָׁב Isaiah 44:26 — be made to dwell, be inhabited.

¹ Mesha Inscription (Moabite Stone).

² Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley (GKC).

³ Olshausen, Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache (Ol).

conjunctive, Verb Hiphil sequential perfect first person common singular

LXX: κατοικοῦντασ κατοικοῦντεσ ἐκάθισεν ἐκάθισαν κατῴκησεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3427:

κατοικοῦντασ 88× (7.4%)

κατοικοῦντεσ 80× (6.4%)

ἐκάθισεν 61× (5.4%)

ἐκάθισαν 37× (3.4%)

κατῴκησεν 34× (3.1%)

ἐκάθητο 29× (2.8%)

κατῴκησαν 28× (2.6%)

κατῴκει 24× (2.3%)

κατοικοῦσιν 23× (2.0%)

κατοικεῖν 23× (2.2%)

את אֶת־

את-self eternal

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

את

ʼêth

Definition

a hoe or other digging implement

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H855

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H853

I. אֵת — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite idem, Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.); Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f., Samaritan ܢܡ; Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189. [Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been ʾiwyaṯ, originally a substantive with following Genitive, Ol p. 432; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוּת sign from √ אוָה is uncertain: Ol W AG i. § 188 Lag M i. 226 affirm, Nö ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is אוּת; the forms with אֵת, אֶת being abbreviated. In post-Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוּתוֹ הַיּוֹם = Biblical Hebrew בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, בְּאוּתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוּתוֹ הָאִישׁ = Biblical Hebrew הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

Cognates:

• Moabite idem
• Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.)
• Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos
• Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f.
• Samaritan ܢܡ
• Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189
• Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כָּל), or by a Genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names

• a. With transitive verbs:
  • Genesis 1:1, 16, 29, 30; Genesis 2:11; Genesis 4:1, 2; Genesis 9:3 (אֶת־כָּל) etc.
  • Similarly אֶת־מִי whom (in particular), Joshua 24:15; 1 Samuel 12:3; 1 Samuel 28:11; Isaiah 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶת־מָה); also with זֶה Genesis 29:33; Genesis 44:29; 1 Samuel 21:16; 1 Kings 22:27 +, זֹאת Genesis 29:27; 2 Samuel 13:27 +, אַחֲלֶה Genesis 46:18; Leviticus 11:18; Isaiah 49:21 +.
  • So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry אֵת is commonly dispensed with.
  • By the use of אֵת with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Genesis 7:1; Genesis 24:14; Genesis 37:4; Leviticus 10:17; Leviticus 11:33; Numbers 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deuteronomy 4:14; Deuteronomy 6:13, 23; Deuteronomy 13:5; Judges 14:3 אוּתָהּ קַח־לִי take for me her, 1 Samuel 14:35; 1 Samuel 15:1; 1 Samuel 18:17; 1 Samuel 21:10 אִם־אֶת־הָהִיא תִּקַּח־לְךָ קַח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1 Kings 1:35; 1 Kings 14:9; Isaiah 43:22; Isaiah 57:11; Jeremiah 9:2.
  • So הָאוּתִי Jeremiah 5:22; Jeremiah 7:19.
  • It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jeremiah 7:19; Ezekiel 34:2.
  • Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew § 277 d 2 Ges § 117, 1, R. 2), as Exodus 21:28; Numbers 21:9; Leviticus 20:14; 1 Samuel 24:6 (but see Dr) 2 Samuel 4:11; 2 Samuel 18:18; 2 Samuel 23:21; or which, though definite, is without the article, Genesis 21:30; 2 Samuel 15:16; Leviticus 26:5; 1 Samuel 9:3 (so Numbers 16:15) Isaiah 33:19; Isaiah 41:7; Ezekiel 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.).
• b. With a passive verb (Ges § 121. 1 Ew § 295 b) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Genesis 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֹךְ אֶת־עִירָד, Genesis 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Genesis 21:5 (E), Genesis 27:42; 2 Samuel 21:11; 1 Kings 18:13; Hosea 10:6 etc., to Jeremiah 35:18; Jeremiah 38:4; Jeremiah 50:20; Ezekiel 16:4, 5; Esther 2:13 (compare Dr JPh xi. 227 f.): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew § 281 b), as Exodus 1:7 +.
• c. With neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατά σύνεσιν (rare): Joshua 22:17; 2 Samuel 11:25; Nehemiah 9:32 (compare 1 Samuel 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Haggai 2:17; אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֲלֵי.
• d. Poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force: Habakkuk 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isaiah 13:19; Jeremiah 50:40 מַהֲפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W AG i. § 196, 43]; and Numbers 10:2; Ezekiel 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׁאוֹת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew § 239 a).

2. אֵת marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb

• a. With verbs of motion (very rare): Numbers 13:17; Deuteronomy 1:19; Deuteronomy 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judges 19:18; Ezekiel 21:25 (Ew § 281 d, n., 282 a 1).
• b. Denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exodus 13:7; Leviticus 25:22; Deuteronomy 9:25.
• c. Expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Genesis 17:11, 14; 1 Kings 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατά σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition

• Thus (α): Exodus 1:14; Numbers 3:26, 46; Numbers 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezekiel 35:10) Numbers 18:21 b Deuteronomy 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deuteronomy 14:13; Joshua 17:11; Judges 20:44, 46 (contr. Judges 20:25; Judges 20:35) 1 Samuel 17:34 (see Dr) 1 Samuel 26:16; 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Kings 6:5; Isaiah 53:8 (probably), Isaiah 57:12; Jeremiah 23:33 (but read rather with LXX Targum אֶתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jeremiah 27:8; Jeremiah 36:22; Jeremiah 38:16 Kt, Jeremiah 45:4 b Ezekiel 16:22; Ezekiel 17:21; Ezekiel 20:16; Ezekiel 29:4; b Ezekiel 43:7 (LXX Co prefix הָרְאִיתָ) Ezekiel 44:3; Zechariah 8:17; Ecclesiastes 4:3; Daniel 9:13; Nehemiah 9:19, 34; 1 Chronicles 2:9; 2 Chronicles 31:17.
• In 1 Samuel 30:23; Haggai 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood.
• (β): Jeremiah 38:9; Ezekiel 14:22; b Ezekiel 37:19 b Zechariah 12:10; סָבִיב אֵת 1 Kings 6:5; Ezekiel 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings LXX omits the clause: so Sta ZAW 1883, 135).
• — In 1 Kings 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); 1 Kings 11:25 is corrupt (read with LXX זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדַד); Ezekiel 47:17, 18, 19 read similarly for וְאֵת, זֹאת: see Ezekiel 47:20.

— For some particulars as to the use of אֵת, see A. M. Wilson Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff. (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, אֵת with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie ZAW 1881, 258 f.), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli Had. 28 with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתו (Lzb 263 Cooke 170; compare RÉS 468); Targum Onkelos Samaritan יָת; Syriac ܒܪ (rare)); — Daniel 3:12 דִּי מְנִיּתָ יָתְהוֹן whom thou hast appointed.

¹ Schröd: Paul Schröder, Die phönizische Sprache, Halle, 1869.

² Lag: Paul de Lagarde, works on Semitic languages.

³ Nö: Theodor Nöldeke, Orientalische Skizzen, Berlin, 1892.

⁴ Ol: Julius Olshausen, Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Braunschweig, 1861.

⁵ W AG: Wilhelm Gesenius, Thesaurus Linguae Hebraeae, ed. by E. Rödiger, Leipzig, 1835-1858.

⁶ Di: August Dillmann, Ethiopic Grammar, Leipzig, 1857.

⁷ Targ: Targum.

⁸ PS: Payne Smith, Syriac Dictionary.

⁹ Qor: Quran.

¹⁰ Ew: Heinrich Ewald, Ausführliches Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Göttingen, 1870.

¹¹ Ges: Wilhelm Gesenius, Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

¹² Dr: Samuel Rolles Driver, works on Hebrew.

¹³ JPh: Journal of Philology.

¹⁴ LXX: Septuagint.

¹⁵ Targum: Targum.

¹⁶ Sta: Bernhard Stade, Geschichte des Volkes Israel, Berlin, 1887.

¹⁷ ZAW: Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft.

¹⁸ Gie: Friedrich Giesebrecht, works on Hebrew.

¹⁹ Lzb: Mark Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik, Weimar, 1898.

²⁰ Cooke: George Albert Cooke, North-Semitic Inscriptions, Oxford, 1903.

²¹ RÉS: Revue des Études Sémitiques.

H855

III. [אֵת] noun [masculine] a cutting instrument of iron usually translated as ploughshare.

— singular suffix אֵתוֹ 1 Samuel 13:20; plural אֵתִּים 1 Samuel 13:21, אִתִּים Isaiah 2:4 = Micah 4:3; suffix אִתֵּיכֶם Joel 4:10; according to Klo¹ and others also 2 Kings 6:5 אֵת הַבַּרְזֶל, that is, the axe of iron.

¹ A. Klostermann.

Direct object eternal self

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

H0855:

No stats available

הערים הֶעָרִים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עיר

ʻîyr

Definition

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Root

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור)

Exhaustive

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5892

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1061

Proper name masculine meaning 'one setting up, strengthening'.

עִיר

noun feminine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1083

1. An enclosed, fenced place, proceeding from the verb-idea 'to fence round, encircle, enclose'; hence town, city. 2. dwelling.

עִיר

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1084

1. A tower, a castle, a tower of watch; 2. A city generally, also a village, hamlet, or encampment; 3. Part of a city; 4. Metaphor for the inhabitants of a city.

עִיר

noun masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

Heat, anger, wrath.

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A proper name (a man mentioned in 1 Chr. 7, 12).

עִיר

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A watcher (Aram.), referring to archangels, good angels, or fallen ones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֵעִיר

verb • Root עור • Page 498

1. To awaken from sleep. Zech. 4:1. 2. To stir up (e.g., the leviathan). Job 41:2; Deut. 32:11. 3. intrans. to awake. Ps. 35:23; Job 8:6.

עִיר

noun feminine • Page 505

I. a city. References include city of God (Ps. 46: 5), the holy city (Neh. 11: 1), and several proper names like city of salt and city of palms (Jericho).

עִיר

noun • Page 505

II. perhaps anger, hostile attack. Jer. 15:8; Hos. 11:9. Comp. Arab. med. Vav to attack, assault.

עִיר

m. chald. • Page 505

a watcher, a name of angels in the later Jewish demonology, so called because they watch over the souls of men. Dan. 4: 10, 14, 20.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H5892

I. עִיר noun masculine — excitement.

— of terror, ע׳ וּבֶהָלוֺת Jeremiah 15:9; of rage (si vera lectio), לֹא אָבוֺא בְּעִיר Hosea 11:9, but St proposes לְבָעֵר compare We Oort Now GASm. — בָּעִיר Psalm 73:20 see עור.

Hiph`il — II, III. עִיר see below.

II. עִיר (approximate number of occurrences: 1092) noun feminine Genesis 10:12 — city, town.

Cognates:

• Late Hebrew idem
• Phoenician ער
• Sabean ער fortified height
• Sabean ערן, עהרן city

— עִיר absolute Genesis 4:17 +; construct עִיר Genesis 24:10 +; הָעִ֫ירָה 1 Kings 14:12 + 7t.; suffix עִירִי 2 Samuel 19:38 2t., etc.; plural עָרִים Isaiah 6:11 +, עֲיָרִים Judges 10:4 (text error, or word-play); construct עָרֵי Genesis 10:29 +; suffix עָרַי Zechariah 1:17, עָרֵיכֶם Isaiah 1:7 +, etc.

1. City, town, abode of men

Genesis 4:17 (Jehovist Source) and often; גְּדֹלָה Genesis 10:12 (Jehovist Source), +, or קְטַנָּה Ecclesiastes 9:14 (compare Genesis 19:20); especially:

a. fortified:

• עָרִים בְּצֻרוֺת 2 Samuel 20:6 +, etc., see בָּצַר, מִבְצָר
• עִיר מִבְצַר־צֹר Joshua 19:29 (Priests' Code / Narrative) fortified city (of) Tyre
• עִיר מָצוֺר Psalm 31:22 +, etc., see מָצוֺר, מְצוּרָה below צוּר
• עִיר עָז־לָנוּ Isaiah 26:1, עָרֵי מָעוּזּוֺ Isaiah 17:9
• עִיר דְּלָתַיִם וּבְרִיחַ 1 Samuel 23:7
• עִיר חוֺמָה Leviticus 25:29–30 (Priests' Code / Narrative), 1 Kings 4:13

b. opposed to rural/unwalled places:

• opposed to כֹּפֶר הַמְּרָזִי 1 Samuel 6:18
• עָרֵי הַמְּרָזִי Deuteronomy 3:5, עָרֵי הַמְּרָזוֺת Esther 9:19
• distinguished from dependencies חֲצֵרִים Joshua 13:23

c. dependent towns:

• עָרֶיהָ are dependent towns Joshua 13:17 (Priests' Code / Narrative), Jeremiah 19:15

d. royal cities:

• עָרֵי הַמַּמְלָכָה Joshua 10:2 (Jehovist-Elohist Source) royal cities (i.e. with a king, compare Tel Amarna al šarri)
• singular 1 Samuel 27:5, opposed to עָרֵי הַשָּׁדֶה 1 Samuel 27:5 rural towns
• עִיר הַמְּלוּכָה 2 Samuel 12:26 (but read עִיר הַמַּיִם)

e. storage and specialized cities:

• עָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֺת Exodus 1:11 storage-cities, so 1 Kings 9:19, 2 Chronicles 8:6
• עָרֵי הֶרֶכֶב 1 Kings 9:19, 1 Kings 10:26
• עָרֵי הַפָּרָשִׁים 1 Kings 9:19, 2 Chronicles 8:6

f. asylum-cities:

• עִיר הַמִּקְלָט (Priests' Code / Narrative) Numbers 35:11, 13, 14; Joshua 20:2
• עִיר מִקְלַט הָרֹצֵחַ Joshua 21:13 + 4t. in chapter 21

g. City of God (Jerusalem):

• עִיר הָאֱלֹהִים Psalm 46:5, Psalm 87:3
• עִיר יְהוָה Isaiah 60:14, Psalm 101:8
• עִיר יְהוָה צְבָאוֺת Psalm 48:9

h. city = inhabitants:

• 1 Samuel 4:13, 1 Samuel 5:12, Isaiah 22:2, Ruth 1:19

i. combinations of character or condition:

• עִיר רֹכְלִים Ezekiel 17:4 city of merchants
• עִיר מוֺשָׁב Psalm 107:4, 7, 36 city for dwelling
• עִיר הַצֶּדֶק Isaiah 1:26, עִיר הָאֱמֶת Zechariah 8:3
• עִיר הַקּדֶשׁ Isaiah 48:2, Isaiah 52:1, Nehemiah 11:1
• עִיר הַיּוֺנָה Zephaniah 3:1 oppressive city
• עִיר הַדָּמִים bloody city Ezekiel 22:2, Nahum 3:1

2. Of fortress in a city especially

• עִיר דָּוִד 2 Samuel 5:7, 9, 2 Samuel 6:10 + often
• עִיר בֵּית הַבַּעַל 2 Kings 10:25
• עִיר הַמַּיִם 2 Samuel 12:27

3. Apparently fortified place, of any size

• עִיר מִבְצָר 2 Kings 17:9, 2 Kings 18:8
• עִיר עֲמָלֵק 1 Samuel 15:5

Hiph`il — עִיר הַהֶרֶס see הֶרֶס.

¹ Albrecht, Karl. "Das Geschlecht der hebräischen Hauptwörter," Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft (ZAW) xvi (1896), 40 f.

² Lidzbarski, Mark. Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik (1898), 345 (Lzb).

³ Praetorius, Franz. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (ZMG) xxvi (1872), 437.

⁴ Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum (CIS) iv. pp. 94, 95, 173.

Particle definite article, Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: πόλεισ πόλιν πόλεωσ πόλει πόλισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5892b:

πόλεισ 250× (22.9%)

πόλιν 200× (17.5%)

πόλεωσ 192× (17.0%)

πόλει 120× (9.9%)

πόλισ 83× (7.5%)

πόλεσιν 76× (6.1%)

πόλεων 50× (4.4%)

'' 35× (3.1%)

--- 26× (2.7%)

pεἰσ 16× (1.7%)

ונבנו וְנִבְנוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בנה

bânâh

Definition

to build (literally and figuratively)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to build (literally and figuratively); (begin to) build(-er), obtain children, make, repair, set (up), [idiom] surely.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1129

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בָּנָה

verb • Root בנה • Strongs / High • Page 257

To set up, to place; 1. to build, to erect, establish, to raise (a house, palace, city, temple, etc.); to build up (what is destroyed), to rebuild; to fortify. 2. Figuratively: to establish family happiness, posterity; to set up a throne; to bestow prosperity or well-being; to establish.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בָּנָה

verb • Page 105

1. To build, erect, or make (Gen. 8:20, 12:7; Gen. 2:22 regarding the rib). 2. To rebuild or build up what has been destroyed (Am. 9:14, Ps. 122:3). 3. Figuratively used for persons or nations, to build them up or make them prosperous (Jer. 24:6, 31:4).

בָּנָה

verb • Page 106

(Continued from previous page) 4. to raise up, or give posterity to any one (Gen. 16:2). Niph. 1. to be built, rebuilt (Deut. 13:17). 2. figuratively to be built up, to be made prosperous (Jer. 12:16, Mal. 3:15).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H1129

I. בָּנָה (approximate number of occurrences: 373) verb — build.

Cognates:

• Mesha Inscription בנה
• Nabatean¹ בנה
• Phoenician בן
• Arabic בני
• Assyrian banû²
• Sabean⁴ בני
• Aramaic בְּנָא
• Palmyrene⁵ בנא

— בָּנָה Qal Perfect בָּנָה Deuteronomy 20:5 +; בָּֽנְתָה Proverbs 9:1, Proverbs 14:1; בָּנִיתָ Deuteronomy 6:10; בָּנִתָה 1 Kings 9:3; וּבָנִ֫יתָ consecutive Deuteronomy 20:20 +; בָּנִיתְ Ezekiel 16:25; בָּנִתִי 1 Kings 8:13 +; plural בָּנוּ Genesis 11:5 + etc.; Imperfect יִבְּנֶה Deuteronomy 25:9 +; jussive וְיִבֶן Ezra 1:3, וַיִּבְנֶה Joshua 19:50; וַיִּ֫בֶן Genesis 2:22 +; suffix יִבְנֵ֫הוּ Job 20:19; 3 feminine singular וַתִּ֫בֶן 1 Chronicles 7:24, Zechariah 9:3; אֶבְנֶה 2 Samuel 7:27 +; plural יִבְנוּ Isaiah 65:22 + etc.; Imperative בְּנֵה Numbers 23:1 +; plural בְּנוּ Numbers 32:24 +; Infinitive absolute בָּנֹה 1 Kings 8:13; construct בְּנוֺת 1 Chronicles 6:17 + etc.; Participle active בֹּנֶה (בּוֺנֶה) Genesis 4:17 +; construct בֹּנֵה Psalm 147:2; plural בּוֺנִים Ezra 4:1 +; construct בֹּנֵי 1 Kings 5:32; passive בָּנוּי Song of Songs 4:4, Judges 6:28; feminine בְּנוּיָה Psalm 122:3; plural בְּנוּיִם Nehemiah 7:4.

1. Literal Meanings and Uses

a. Building various structures

• Of city: Genesis 4:17; Genesis 10:11; Genesis 11:4–5, 8 (Jehovist Source); Exodus 1:11; Numbers 32:24; Joshua 24:13 (Elohist Source); Judges 1:26; Psalm 122:3.
• Of house: Genesis 33:17 (Jehovist Source); Deuteronomy 6:10; Amos 5:11; Isaiah 65:21.
• Especially of Temple: 1 Kings 3:1; 1 Kings 5:32; 1 Kings 6:1; 2 Samuel 7:5; (+ ליהוה) 1 Kings 6:1; (+ לְשֵׁם י׳) 2 Samuel 7:13; 1 Kings 5:17.
• Of altar: Genesis 8:20; Genesis 12:7–8; Genesis 13:18 (Jehovist Source); Genesis 22:9; Exodus 24:4 (Elohist Source); Joshua 22:11 (Priests' Code).
• Of wall, gate, or tower: Isaiah 60:10; Nehemiah 4:4; 2 Kings 15:35; Isaiah 5:2.
• Of siege-works: Deuteronomy 20:2 (+ מָצוֺר); 2 Kings 25:1; Ezekiel 4:2 (+ דָּיֵק).

b. Construction details

• With accusative of material: Exodus 20:25 (Elohist Source); 1 Kings 6:36.
• With בְּ of material: 1 Kings 6:15–16.
• Of Yahweh fashioning the rib into a woman: Genesis 2:22 (+ אֶת־הַצֵּלָע לְאִשָּׁה).

c. Rebuilding and repairing

• Of cities and walls: Joshua 6:26; Amos 9:14; Nehemiah 2:5.
• Of ruins: Isaiah 58:12 (+ חָרְבוֺת עוֺלָם); Ezekiel 36:36.

2. Figurative Meanings

a. Establishing a family or household

• Of perpetuating a family: Ruth 4:11; Deuteronomy 25:9.
• Of Yahweh's promise to David: 1 Samuel 2:35; 2 Samuel 7:27; 1 Kings 11:38.

b. Building up the people/nation

• Of the restoration of Israel: Jeremiah 24:6; Jeremiah 31:4; Jeremiah 42:10.
• Of establishing Zion or the throne: Psalm 102:17; Psalm 89:5.

3. Niph`al

— Perfect נִבְנָה 1 Kings 3:2; 3 feminine singular נִבְנְתָה Numbers 13:22; Imperfect יִבָּנֶה Job 12:14; אִבָּנֶה Genesis 16:2; Infinitive לְהִבָּנוֺת Haggai 1:2.

a. Literal senses

• be built: Numbers 13:22; 1 Kings 6:7.
• be rebuilt: Isaiah 44:26; Jeremiah 30:18; Haggai 1:2.

b. Figurative senses

• be established / prosper: Jeremiah 12:16; Malachi 3:15; Job 22:23.
• Of a childless wife being "built up" (becoming a mother) through a concubine: Genesis 16:2; Genesis 30:3 (+ מִמֶּנָּה).

¹ Julius Euting, Nabatäische Inschriften aus Arabien (1885).

² Eberhard Schrader, The Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament (COT).

³ Jacob Barth, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (ZMG 1887, 640).

⁴ Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum (CIS).

⁵ Melchior de Vogüé, Syrie centrale: Inscriptions sémitiques (1868).

conjunctive, Verb Niphal sequential perfect third person common plural

LXX: ᾠκοδόμησεν οἰκοδομῆσαι ᾠκοδόμησαν οἰκοδομήσει οἰκοδομήσεισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1129:

ᾠκοδόμησεν 94× (22.6%)

οἰκοδομῆσαι 36× (8.5%)

ᾠκοδόμησαν 26× (6.2%)

οἰκοδομήσει 16× (4.2%)

οἰκοδομήσεισ 16× (4.0%)

ᾠκοδόμησα 14× (3.5%)

οἰκοδομήσουσιν 9× (2.1%)

οἰκοδομεῖν 8× (1.9%)

οἰκοδομήσω 8× (1.9%)

--- 7× (1.8%)

החרבות הֶחֳרָבוֹת׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חרבה

chorbâh

Definition

properly, drought, i.e. (by implication) a desolation

Root

feminine of H2721 (חרב);

Exhaustive

feminine of חרב; properly, drought, i.e. (by implication) a desolation; decayed place, desolate (place, -tion), destruction, (laid) waste (place).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2723

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֲרֵבָה

adjective • Root חרב • Consonantal / Low • Page 525

adj. f. pl. equivalent to חָרֵב.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

חֲרָבָה

noun feminine • Root חרב • Consonantal / Low • Page 525

Dryness, opposite to sea; dry ground.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

חָרְבָּה

noun feminine • Root חרב • Consonantal / Low • Page 525

Wasteness, desolation of a land; a desert. Figuratively: calumniated, despised.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

חָרְבָּה

noun feminine • Root חרב • Consonantal / Low • Page 525

1. a wilderness, a desert district; ruins. 2. from root II: palace of the dead, mausoleum, pyramid.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָרְבָּה

fem. of חָרֵב • Root חרב • Page 246

a desolation, waste (Lev. 26:31). Plur. חֳרָבוֹת (Ezek. 36:10, 33, 38:12, Job 3:14).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H2723

I. חָרְבָּה (chiefly middle and late Hebrew: Isaiah² 8 times; Jeremiah 10 times; Ezekiel 14 times) noun feminine — waste, desolation, ruin.

— חָרְבָּה absolute Leviticus 26:31 (15 times) + Ezekiel 38:8 (strike out LXX¹, Cornill) + Ezekiel 38:12 (חָרְבָּה LXX, Cornill for חָרְבוֹת); plural חֳרָבוֹת Psalm 9:7 (11 times; Ezekiel 38:12, compare above); construct חָרְבוֹת Isaiah 5:17 (7 times); suffix חָרְבֹתַיִךְ Isaiah 49:19; חָרְבֹתָיו Ezra 9:9; חָרְבֹתֶיהָ Isaiah 51:3; חָרְבוֹתֶיהָ Isaiah 44:26; חָרְבוֹתֵיהֶם Psalm 109:10, 2 Chronicles 34:6 (compare חֶרֶב).

1. Waste, ruin

a. Of cities and dwellings

• Of cities of Israel Leviticus 26:31, 33 (Holiness Code)
• Of Judah Isaiah 44:26; Isaiah 49:19 (+ שֹׁמְמֹת), Isaiah 58:12 (with בנה), Jeremiah 25:18; Jeremiah 27:17; Jeremiah 44:2, 6; Ezekiel 5:14
• Ruins of Jerusalem Isaiah 52:9; Daniel 9:2
• Others Ezekiel 35:4; Malachi 1:4 (with בנה), Ezekiel 36:10 (with בנה), Ezekiel 36:33 (id.)
• Of Egypt Ezekiel 29:9, 10 (in both + שְׁמָמָה; חרבות חֹרֶב in v. 10)
• Ruin of temple Ezra 9:9
• Ruined dwellings Psalm 109:10; compare 2 Chronicles 34:6, where read perhaps בְּחָרְבֹתֵיהֶם for בּחר בתיהם
• In general Jeremiah 22:5; Job 3:14 (object of בנה); כּוֹס חֳרָבוֹת Psalm 102:7 an owl of a ruin

2. Of land: waste place amid ruins

• Isaiah 5:17, compare Isaiah 51:3 (+ מִדְבָּר, עֲרָבָה)
• Land a desolation Jeremiah 7:34; Jeremiah 44:22; Ezekiel 25:13 (Edom); Jeremiah 25:11; Isaiah 64:10 and Ezekiel 33:24, 27 (of Judah)
• כְשֻׁעָלִים בַּחֳרָבוֹת Ezekiel 13:4 simile of the prophets
• הַחֳרָבוֹת הַשֹּׁמֵמוֹת Ezekiel 36:4 (of Israel)
• Of desolation of enemies of Israel Psalm 9:7 (חֳרָבוֹת לָנֶצַח)
• חָרְבוֹת עוֹלָם = old ruins Isaiah 61:4 (with בנה)
• Elsewhere perpetual ruin, desolation Jeremiah 25:9; Jeremiah 49:13 (cities of Bozrah); חָרְבוֹת מֵעוֹלָם Ezekiel 26:20 (simile of Tyre)

¹ LXX (Septuagint).

² C. H. Cornill, Das Buch des Propheten Ezechiel (1886).

Particle definite article, Noun common feminine plural absolute

LXX: ἔρημοι ἐρήμωσιν ἔρημον ἐρήμουσ ἔρημα

LXX Usage Statistics

H2723:

ἔρημοι 5× (11.6%)

ἐρήμωσιν 5× (10.5%)

ἔρημον 4× (8.8%)

ἐρήμουσ 4× (8.8%)

ἔρημα 4× (8.0%)

αὐτῆσ 3× (4.8%)

ἔρημοσ 2× (4.6%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Thus said the Lord Jehovah; In the day of my cleansing you from all your iniquities, and I caused the cities to be inhabited, and the walls were built.

LITV Translation:
So says the Lord Jehovah: In the day I cleanse you from all your iniquities, I will cause the cities to be inhabited, and the wastes shall be built.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
Thus saith the Lord God; In the day wherein I shall cleanse you from all your iniquities I will also cause the cities to be inhabited, and the waste places shall be built upon: