Ezekiel 32:31

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

אותם אוֹתָם

sign of themselves

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אות

ʼôwth

Definition

a signal (literally or figuratively), as aflag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.

Root

probably from H225 (אות) (in the sense of appearing);

Exhaustive

probably from אות (in the sense of appearing); a signal (literally or figuratively), as aflag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.; mark, miracle, (en-) sign, token.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H226

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אוֹת

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 85

Properly the writing or sign engraved, indented; hence 1. a character, sign, mark; 2. covenant-sign, in full אוֹת בְּרִית.

אוֹת

noun • Strongs_Numbers • Page 86

Symbol, sanctuaries; military standard of single tribes, flag; time-sign for marking portions of time; omen and prodigy, a sign of something future; memorial, a monument.

אוֹת

noun masculine • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 86

Properly the being, existence, essence, body, hence person; self; used as a pronoun for emphasis; functions as a particle (accusative marker) to emphasize or make prominent the subject or object.

אוֹת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Alternative form of the accusative particle אֵת, often used when suffixes are attached or in plene writing.

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אוֹת

verb • Page 35

To consent. References: 2 K. 12:9; Gen. 34:15, 22, 23.

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אוֹת

noun masculine • Page 34

A sign, flag, or standard (Num. 2:2); a memorial, pledge, or covenant (Gen. 17:11, Ex. 31:13); a token, omen, or prediction of a future event (Ex. 3:12, 1 Sam. 2:34); an emblem or symbol. Plural: אוֹתוֹת.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H226

I. אֹת (approximate number of occurrences: 79) noun masculine Exodus 4:8 (feminine Joshua 24:17) — sign.

Cognates:

• Arabic اللهم
• Arabic plural أسط
• Aramaic אָתָא
• Aramaic אבגד

— אֹת absolute Genesis 4:15 +; construct Genesis 9:12 +; plural אֹתֹת Exodus 4:9.

1. Meanings and Uses

a. Sign, pledge, token

• Genesis 4:15 (J¹)
• אֹת אֱמֶת true token Joshua 2:12 (J)
• Of blood of Passover Exodus 12:13 (P)
• אֹת לְטוֹבָה token for good Psalm 86:17
• Pledges, assurances of travelers Job 21:29

b. Signs, omens promised by prophets as pledges of certain predicted events

• 1 Samuel 10:7, 9 + 1 Samuel 10:1 where אֹת insert אֹתֹת, see We² Dr³
• Especially phrase זֶה הָאֹת לְ Exodus 3:12; 1 Samuel 2:34; 1 Samuel 14:10; 2 Kings 19:29; Jeremiah 44:29; Isaiah 7:11, 14; probably also Isaiah 44:25 (of false prophets)

c. Sign, symbol of prophets

• Isaiah 8:18 compare Ezekiel 4:3

d. Signs, miracles, as pledges or attestations of divine presence and interposition

• Exodus 4:8 (twice in verse); Exodus 4:9 (J) Exodus 7:3 (P) Exodus 8:19 (J) Psalm 74:9; 2 Kings 19:29; 2 Kings 20:8, 9 = Isaiah 37:30; Isaiah 38:7, 22
• With עָשָׂה Exodus 4:17, 30; Numbers 14:11, 22; Joshua 24:17 (all J E) Deuteronomy 11:3; Judges 6:17
• With צִוָּה Exodus 4:28 (J)
• With שִׂים Exodus 10:1 (J); with שִׂים Exodus 10:2 (J) Psalm 78:43; Isaiah 66:19
• הָאֹת וְהַמּוֹפֵת (see מוֹפֵת) Deuteronomy 13:3; compare Deuteronomy 28:46; Isaiah 20:3
• אֹת מֵאֹת Deuteronomy 13:2
• אֹתֹת וּמוֹפְתִים Deuteronomy 4:34; Deuteronomy 7:19; Deuteronomy 26:8; Deuteronomy 29:2; Jeremiah 32:31
• With נָתַן Deuteronomy 6:22; Nehemiah 9:10
• With שִׂים Jeremiah 32:20; Psalm 105:27
• With שָׁלַח Deuteronomy 34:11; Psalm 135:9

e. Signs, memorials

• Stones from Jordan Joshua 4:6 (J)
• Metal of censers Numbers 17:3 (P)
• Aaron's rod Numbers 17:25 (P)
• עוֹלָם אֹת Isaiah 55:13 probably also Ezekiel 14:8 ("" מָשָׁל)
• Signs on hands, etc., Exodus 13:9, 16 (J) = Deuteronomy 6:8; Deuteronomy 11:18, probably belong here
• Also memorial pillar in Egypt Isaiah 19:20

f. Sign, pledge of covenant

• הַבְּרִית אֹת (see בְּרִית) e.g. rainbow, of Noachian covenant Genesis 9:12, 13, 17 (P)
• Circumcision, of Abrahamic covenant Genesis 17:11 (P)
• The sabbath Exodus 31:13, 17 (P); Ezekiel 20:12, 20

g. Ensigns, standards

• Numbers 2:2 (P) Psalm 74:4

h. Signs, tokens of changes of weather and times

• Genesis 1:14 (P; of heavenly luminaries) אֹתֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם Jeremiah 10:2 (changes of the heavens as omens to frighten the nations) compare Psalm 65:9

¹ J: Jehovist (Yahwist) Source.

² We: Julius Wellhausen.

³ Dr: Samuel Rolles Driver.

H853

I. אֵת — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite idem, Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.); Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f., Samaritan ܢܡ; Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189. [Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been ʾiwyaṯ, originally a substantive with following Genitive, Ol p. 432; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוּת sign from √ אוָה is uncertain: Ol W AG i. § 188 Lag M i. 226 affirm, Nö ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is אוּת; the forms with אֵת, אֶת being abbreviated. In post-Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוּתוֹ הַיּוֹם = Biblical Hebrew בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, בְּאוּתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוּתוֹ הָאִישׁ = Biblical Hebrew הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

Cognates:

• Moabite idem
• Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd p. 213 f.)
• Aramaic יָת frequently in Targum Onkelos
• Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. ܐܠܗܐ per se, reapse, ܐܠܗܐ sibi ipsi, PS 1640f.
• Samaritan ܢܡ
• Arabic لله, only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W AG i. § 189
• Ethiopic uses ܐܠܗܐ k£y¹ similarly, Di § 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כָּל), or by a Genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names

• a. With transitive verbs:
  • Genesis 1:1, 16, 29, 30; Genesis 2:11; Genesis 4:1, 2; Genesis 9:3 (אֶת־כָּל) etc.
  • Similarly אֶת־מִי whom (in particular), Joshua 24:15; 1 Samuel 12:3; 1 Samuel 28:11; Isaiah 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶת־מָה); also with זֶה Genesis 29:33; Genesis 44:29; 1 Samuel 21:16; 1 Kings 22:27 +, זֹאת Genesis 29:27; 2 Samuel 13:27 +, אַחֲלֶה Genesis 46:18; Leviticus 11:18; Isaiah 49:21 +.
  • So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry אֵת is commonly dispensed with.
  • By the use of אֵת with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Genesis 7:1; Genesis 24:14; Genesis 37:4; Leviticus 10:17; Leviticus 11:33; Numbers 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deuteronomy 4:14; Deuteronomy 6:13, 23; Deuteronomy 13:5; Judges 14:3 אוּתָהּ קַח־לִי take for me her, 1 Samuel 14:35; 1 Samuel 15:1; 1 Samuel 18:17; 1 Samuel 21:10 אִם־אֶת־הָהִיא תִּקַּח־לְךָ קַח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1 Kings 1:35; 1 Kings 14:9; Isaiah 43:22; Isaiah 57:11; Jeremiah 9:2.
  • So הָאוּתִי Jeremiah 5:22; Jeremiah 7:19.
  • It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jeremiah 7:19; Ezekiel 34:2.
  • Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew § 277 d 2 Ges § 117, 1, R. 2), as Exodus 21:28; Numbers 21:9; Leviticus 20:14; 1 Samuel 24:6 (but see Dr) 2 Samuel 4:11; 2 Samuel 18:18; 2 Samuel 23:21; or which, though definite, is without the article, Genesis 21:30; 2 Samuel 15:16; Leviticus 26:5; 1 Samuel 9:3 (so Numbers 16:15) Isaiah 33:19; Isaiah 41:7; Ezekiel 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.).
• b. With a passive verb (Ges § 121. 1 Ew § 295 b) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Genesis 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֹךְ אֶת־עִירָד, Genesis 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֹד אֶת־שִׁמְךָ אַבְרָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Genesis 21:5 (E), Genesis 27:42; 2 Samuel 21:11; 1 Kings 18:13; Hosea 10:6 etc., to Jeremiah 35:18; Jeremiah 38:4; Jeremiah 50:20; Ezekiel 16:4, 5; Esther 2:13 (compare Dr JPh xi. 227 f.): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew § 281 b), as Exodus 1:7 +.
• c. With neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατά σύνεσιν (rare): Joshua 22:17; 2 Samuel 11:25; Nehemiah 9:32 (compare 1 Samuel 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Haggai 2:17; אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֲלֵי.
• d. Poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force: Habakkuk 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isaiah 13:19; Jeremiah 50:40 מַהֲפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W AG i. § 196, 43]; and Numbers 10:2; Ezekiel 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׁאוֹת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew § 239 a).

2. אֵת marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb

• a. With verbs of motion (very rare): Numbers 13:17; Deuteronomy 1:19; Deuteronomy 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judges 19:18; Ezekiel 21:25 (Ew § 281 d, n., 282 a 1).
• b. Denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exodus 13:7; Leviticus 25:22; Deuteronomy 9:25.
• c. Expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Genesis 17:11, 14; 1 Kings 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατά σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition

• Thus (α): Exodus 1:14; Numbers 3:26, 46; Numbers 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezekiel 35:10) Numbers 18:21 b Deuteronomy 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deuteronomy 14:13; Joshua 17:11; Judges 20:44, 46 (contr. Judges 20:25; Judges 20:35) 1 Samuel 17:34 (see Dr) 1 Samuel 26:16; 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Kings 6:5; Isaiah 53:8 (probably), Isaiah 57:12; Jeremiah 23:33 (but read rather with LXX Targum אֶתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jeremiah 27:8; Jeremiah 36:22; Jeremiah 38:16 Kt, Jeremiah 45:4 b Ezekiel 16:22; Ezekiel 17:21; Ezekiel 20:16; Ezekiel 29:4; b Ezekiel 43:7 (LXX Co prefix הָרְאִיתָ) Ezekiel 44:3; Zechariah 8:17; Ecclesiastes 4:3; Daniel 9:13; Nehemiah 9:19, 34; 1 Chronicles 2:9; 2 Chronicles 31:17.
• In 1 Samuel 30:23; Haggai 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood.
• (β): Jeremiah 38:9; Ezekiel 14:22; b Ezekiel 37:19 b Zechariah 12:10; סָבִיב אֵת 1 Kings 6:5; Ezekiel 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings LXX omits the clause: so Sta ZAW 1883, 135).
• — In 1 Kings 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); 1 Kings 11:25 is corrupt (read with LXX זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדַד); Ezekiel 47:17, 18, 19 read similarly for וְאֵת, זֹאת: see Ezekiel 47:20.

— For some particulars as to the use of אֵת, see A. M. Wilson Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff. (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, אֵת with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie ZAW 1881, 258 f.), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli Had. 28 with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתו (Lzb 263 Cooke 170; compare RÉS 468); Targum Onkelos Samaritan יָת; Syriac ܒܪ (rare)); — Daniel 3:12 דִּי מְנִיּתָ יָתְהוֹן whom thou hast appointed.

¹ Schröd: Paul Schröder, Die phönizische Sprache, Halle, 1869.

² Lag: Paul de Lagarde, works on Semitic languages.

³ Nö: Theodor Nöldeke, Orientalische Skizzen, Berlin, 1892.

⁴ Ol: Julius Olshausen, Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Braunschweig, 1861.

⁵ W AG: Wilhelm Gesenius, Thesaurus Linguae Hebraeae, ed. by E. Rödiger, Leipzig, 1835-1858.

⁶ Di: August Dillmann, Ethiopic Grammar, Leipzig, 1857.

⁷ Targ: Targum.

⁸ PS: Payne Smith, Syriac Dictionary.

⁹ Qor: Quran.

¹⁰ Ew: Heinrich Ewald, Ausführliches Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, Göttingen, 1870.

¹¹ Ges: Wilhelm Gesenius, Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley, 2nd English ed., Oxford, 1910 (GKC).

¹² Dr: Samuel Rolles Driver, works on Hebrew.

¹³ JPh: Journal of Philology.

¹⁴ LXX: Septuagint.

¹⁵ Targum: Targum.

¹⁶ Sta: Bernhard Stade, Geschichte des Volkes Israel, Berlin, 1887.

¹⁷ ZAW: Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft.

¹⁸ Gie: Friedrich Giesebrecht, works on Hebrew.

¹⁹ Lzb: Mark Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik, Weimar, 1898.

²⁰ Cooke: George Albert Cooke, North-Semitic Inscriptions, Oxford, 1903.

²¹ RÉS: Revue des Études Sémitiques.

Direct object eternal self, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0226:

No stats available

H0853:

No stats available

יראה יִרְאֶה

he is seeing/a fear

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ראה

râʼâh

Definition

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative); advise self, appear, approve, behold, [idiom] certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have experience, gaze, take heed, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] joyfully, lo, look (on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up, upon), mark, meet, [idiom] be near, perceive, present, provide, regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one another), shew (self), [idiom] sight of others, (e-) spy, stare, [idiom] surely, [idiom] think, view, visions.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7200

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Strongs / High • Page 1308

To see, look, behold, or observe (physical act); to perceive, experience, or know (metaphorical); of prophets, to have revelations; to live/exist (to see light); to inspect, examine, try; to regard, consider, trust, or choose/appoint.

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Strongs / High • Page 1308

To be seen, but when used with a negative, to disappear, to be invisible (only 3 pl. fem. is attested as רָאֲתָה).

רָאָה

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1309

To see, look, perceive, appear; sometimes the object follows in a clause introduced by כִּי; to cause to look upon with a mischievous pleasure; to cause one to feel or experience, good or evil; to enjoy.

רָאָה

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1309

The name of a bird of prey, probably named from its keen sight.

רָאָה

adjective • Strongs / High • Page 1309

Seeing.

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Strongs / High • Page 1307

1. Intransitive: to see, to look, to view. 2. Transitive: to see, with the accusative. Often meaning to perceive.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Page 601

To see, look. 1. to see, look (Ps. 64:6, Ex. 5:21, Mal. 3:18). 2. to view with interest or sympathy, to rejoice in a thing (Job 3:9, Ps. 22:18, Ps. 112:8). 3. to look on, to view (Lev. 13:3); specifically of God looking on to relieve affliction (Ex. 4:31, Ps. 9:14). 4. to look or see to a thing, to take care for it (Gen. 39:23, 1 K. 12:16). 5. to see, know, discern (Jer. 20:12, Ecc. 1:16). 6. to visit (2 Sam. 13:5, 2 K. 8:29). 7. to choose, select (Gen. 22:8); passive participle רָאוּי means select or chosen (Est. 2:9). 8. to see or experience good, evil, life, or death (Ps. 34:13, Ecc. 9:9, Ps. 89:49).

רָאָה

verb • Page 602

found only Deut. 14:13. prob. a corrupted reading for דַּיָּה, as in the parallel passage Lev. 11:14.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H7200

I. רָאָה (approximate number of occurrences: 1315) verb — see.

Cognates:

• Late Hebrew id.
• Moabite (Mesha Inscription) וארא
• Sabean ראי see, expect
• Arabic رأى see
• Ethiopic ርእየ
• Aramaic רֵו, רֵיוָא appearance

— רָאָה absolute Genesis 29:10; suffix וְרָֽאֲךָ Exodus 4:14; רָֽאֲתָה feminine Genesis 38:14; יִרְאֶה Imperfect Genesis 22:8; יֵרֵא jussive Genesis 41:33; וַיַּרְא Genesis 18:2; רְאֵה Imperative Genesis 27:27; רָאֹה Infinitive absolute Exodus 3:7; רְאוֺת construct Exodus 10:28; רֹאֶה Participle active Ezekiel 13:15.

Qal

1. see
   • a. With subject eye: Isaiah 6:5, Isaiah 30:20; of seeing God Genesis 32:31 (face to face); of access to rank Genesis 43:3.
   • b. With accusative of thing: Joshua 24:7, 1 Samuel 24:11; receiving revelation Isaiah 30:10, Ezekiel 13:3; see the sun (the living) Ecclesiastes 7:11.
2. see, followed by clauses:
   • a. With כִּי (that): Genesis 6:2 (Jehovist Source), Exodus 2:2 (Elohist Source).
   • b. With adjective or participle: Genesis 7:1, Amos 9:1, 2 Samuel 18:10.
3. see, so as to learn or know:
   • Deuteronomy 33:9; have experience of Jeremiah 5:12, Psalm 89:49.
4. absolute, have power of vision:
   • Genesis 27:1; figurative of spiritual vision Isaiah 6:10, Ezekiel 12:2.
5. perceive:
   • Exodus 3:4; Genesis 2:19. Note: combined with ידע (know and see): 1 Samuel 24:12, 1 Samuel 12:17.
6. look at, see by direct volition:
   • a. Inspect or reconnoitre: Joshua 2:1, Leviticus 13:3.
   • b. Of God looking with favour: Psalm 138:6.
   • c. Look after, visit: Genesis 37:14, 1 Samuel 15:35.
   • d. Look out, find, select: 2 Kings 9:2, Genesis 41:33, 1 Samuel 16:1.
7. mental observation:
   • a. Consider, reflect: Genesis 31:50, Ecclesiastes 7:14.
   • b. Distinguish: Malachi 3:18.
8. with preposition ב:
   • a. Gaze at, inspect: 1 Samuel 6:19, Ezekiel 21:26.
   • b. Feast eyes upon, gloat over: Micah 7:10, Obadiah 1:12–13, Psalm 22:18.

Niph`al

— נִרְאָה absolute Genesis 48:3; יֵרָאֶה Imperfect Genesis 22:14.

1. appear
   • a. Of God: Genesis 12:7, Exodus 6:3 (Priests' Code), 1 Kings 3:5.
   • b. Of man, present oneself: Genesis 46:29; appear before Jehovah Exodus 34:23, Psalm 42:3.
   • c. Of things: Genesis 1:9, Songs 2:12.
2. be seen: 1 Kings 10:12; be present Exodus 13:7.

Pu`al

— רֻוְּ plural Job 33:21 be seen, detected (perhaps corrupt).

Hithpa`el

— תִּתְרָאוּ Imperfect Genesis 42:1 look at each other.

• Met in combat: 2 Kings 14:8, 2 Kings 14:11.

Hiph`il

— הֶרְאָה Perfect Genesis 41:28; הַרְאֵנִי Imperative Exodus 33:18; הַרְאוֺת Infinitive Deuteronomy 3:24.

1. cause to see, shew:
   • a. Numbers 13:26, 2 Kings 20:13; of God shewing Genesis 12:1, Exodus 25:9.
   • b. Cause to experience: Habakkuk 1:3, Psalm 60:5.
2. cause to look intently at: Psalm 50:23; feast eyes upon enemies Psalm 59:11.

Hoph`al

— הָרְאֵיתָ Perfect Exodus 26:30; מָרְאֶה Participle Exodus 25:40 be caused to see, be shewn.

¹ Mesha Inscription (MI), line 4.

² Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley (GKC), § 75p.

³ D. H. Müller, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (ZMG) xxix, 1875.

⁴ S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Books of Samuel (Dr Sm).

Verb Qal imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: εἶδεν εἶδον ὄψεται ἰδεῖν ἴδετε

LXX Usage Statistics

H7200:

εἶδεν 159× (11.3%)

εἶδον 154× (11.3%)

ὄψεται 52× (3.8%)

ἰδεῖν 51× (3.6%)

ἴδετε 43× (3.1%)

ἰδὲ 42× (3.0%)

ἰδὼν 34× (2.5%)

ὄψονται 33× (2.5%)

ὤφθη 28× (2.1%)

ἰδοὺ 24× (1.9%)

פרעה פַרְעֹה

Pharaoh

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

פרעה

Parʻôh

Definition

Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings

Root

of Egyptian derivation;

Exhaustive

of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings; Pharaoh.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6547

איפה

ʼêyphôh

Definition

what place?; also (of time) when?; or (of means) how?

Root

from H335 (אי) and H6311 (פה);

Exhaustive

from אי and פה; what place?; also (of time) when?; or (of means) how?; what manner, where.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H375

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פַּרְעֹה

noun proper masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1195

A proper masculine noun (Egyptian) being a title of the native Egyptian kings (Pharaoh).

Matched via consonantal key only

פְּרָעָה

fem. prop. • Root פרע • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1195

Supremacy, concrete a prince, leader, used to describe when the princes led the way in Israel. Also from the head of the princes of the enemy.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֵיפֹה

adv. / interrogative • Root אי פה • Page 46

where? (Ruth 2:19); how? (Judg. 8:18). Used indefinitely as 'where' (Jer. 36:19).

פַּרְעֹה

noun • Page 554

in Greek Φαραώ, Pharaoh, the name of nearly all the kings of Egypt mentioned in the Old Testament, strictly a mere title of royalty. Gen. XL. XLI. XLVII.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H6547

I. מַּרְעֹה (approximate number of occurrences: 275) noun masculine — Pharaoh.

Etymology and Cognates:

• Greek Φαραω
• Egyptian pr-±o (great house, of royal court, and in new kingdom, of king)¹
• Assyrian pir°u²

— מַּרְעֹה absolute Genesis 12:15 (3 times); Genesis 12:17 (212 times in Hexateuch, 19 times in Kings); Isaiah 19:11 (twice) + 3 times; Jeremiah 25:19 + 10 times; Ezekiel 17:17 + 12 times; Nehemiah 9:10; 1 Chronicles 4:18; 2 Chronicles 8:11; Psalm 135:9; Psalm 136:15; Song of Songs 1:9.

1. Meanings and Uses

a. Title of Egyptian kings

• (+ מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם) (not early) Jeremiah 25:19; Jeremiah 46:17; Deuteronomy 7:8; Deuteronomy 11:3; Ezekiel 29:2–3; Ezekiel 30:21–22; Ezekiel 31:2; 1 Kings 3:1; 1 Kings 9:16; 1 Kings 11:18; 2 Kings 17:7; 2 Kings 18:21 (= Isaiah 36:6)
• Genesis 41:46 (Elohist Source)
• Exodus 6:11, 13, 27, 29; Exodus 14:8 (Priests' Code)

b. Used with proper names

• מַּרְעֹה חָפְרַע Jeremiah 44:30
• מַּרְעֹה נְכֹה Jeremiah 46:2; 2 Kings 23:29, 33, 34, 35

¹ F. Ll. Griffith in Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible; E. Meyer, Geschichte des Altertums, i. 59; Steindorff, Beiträge zur Assyriologie, i. 343.

² E. Schrader, The Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament (COT); but see Winckler, Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatischen Gesellschaft (MVAG), 1898, 3f.

H375

אֵיפֹה (ʾêpōh, from אֵי and מָה here) adverb.

1. where?
   • Genesis 37:16
   • 1 Samuel 19:22
   • 2 Samuel 9:4
   • Isaiah 49:21
   • Jeremiah 3:2
   • Job 4:7
   • Job 38:4
   • Ruth 2:19
   • in indirect sentence Jeremiah 36:19 (less common than אֵיפֹה, used of persons [contrast אֵיפֹה] and with a verb [contrast אֵיפֹה]).
2. of what kind? (quails?) only Judges 8:18.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: φαραω '' βασιλεῖ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6547:

φαραω 257× (94.9%)

'' 6× (1.9%)

βασιλεῖ 2× (0.6%)

Hophra@Jer.37.5:

No stats available

ונחם וְנִחַם

and he has consoled/comforted

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

נחם

nâcham

Definition

properly, to sigh, i.e. breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e. (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavorably) to avenge (oneself)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to sigh, i.e. breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e. (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavorably) to avenge (oneself); comfort (self), ease (one's self), repent(-er,-ing, self).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5162

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָחַם

verb • Root נחם • Strongs / High • Page 961

Verb. Kal (not used): 1. to breathe forth, to groan, to sigh; 2. to feel strongly, warmly, to be excited. Niphal (נִחַם): to be sorry, to have compassion, to grieve, to feel sympathy.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נָחַם

verb • Root נחם • Page 437

Core meaning: to suffer pain, to be grieved. Niph.: (1) to have pity, compassion, sympathy (Jer. 15:6; Ps. 90:13); (2) to feel regret, to repent (Ex. 13:17; Gen. 6:6). Pi.: to show sympathy, to comfort, console (Gen. 50:21; Job 2:11). Pu.: passive (Is. 54:11). Hithpa.: (1) to be grieved, to have compassion (Deut. 32:36); (2) to repent; (3) to take revenge (Gen. 27:42).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H5162

I. נחם (only in derived species) verb — be sorry, console oneself, etc.

Cognates:

• Late Hebrew נִחֵם Pi`el comfort
• Phoenician in proper name Lzb<sup>1</sup> 322
• Targum נַחֵם Pa`el = Late Hebrew
• Christian-Palestinian Aramaic Pa`el id., Schw² 54
• Arabic نحم breathe pantingly (of horse)

1. Niph`al

— נִחַם Perfect Amos 7:3 (5 times); נִחָ֑ם Jeremiah 20:16 (3 times); 1 singular נִחַמְתִּי Genesis 6:7 (9 times); נִחָ֑מְתִּי Zechariah 8:14; 2 masculine plural נִחַמְתֶּם Ezekiel 14:22; Imperfect יִנָּחֵם Exodus 13:17 (7 times); וַיִּנָּ֫תֶם Genesis 6:6 (7 times); + 5 times Imperfect; Imperative הִנָּחֵם Exodus 32:12; Psalm 90:13; Infinitive הִנָּחֵם Jeremiah 31:15; 1 Samuel 15:29; Participle נִחָם Judges 21:15 (4 times).

a. be sorry, moved to pity, have compassion

• for others, absolute Jeremiah 15:6
• with עַל Psalm 90:13
• with אֶל Judges 21:6
• with לְ Judges 21:15
• with מִן Judges 2:18

b. be sorry, rue, suffer grief, repent

• of one’s own doings, absolute Exodus 13:17 (Elohist Source)
• Psalm 106:45; Jeremiah 20:16; Joel 2:14; Zechariah 8:14
• parallel שׁקּר 1 Samuel 15:29 (twice in verse)
• parallel מאס Job 42:6
• parallel שׁוב Jeremiah 4:28, 31:19; Jonah 3:9
• parallel חוּס Ezekiel 24:14
• with לא נ, parallel נשׂבע Psalm 110:4
• with עַל Amos 7:3, 6; Jeremiah 8:6; Jeremiah 18:10
• with על הָרָעָה for ill done to others Exodus 32:12, 14 (Yahwist Source), Jeremiah 18:8; Joel 2:13; Jonah 3:10; 4:2
• with אֶל הָרָעָה 2 Samuel 24:16 = 1 Chronicles 21:15 (עַל), Jeremiah 26:8, 13, 19; Jeremiah 42:10
• with כִּי Genesis 6:6, 7 (Yahwist Source), 1 Samuel 15:11, 35

c. comfort oneself, be comforted

• absolute Genesis 38:12 (Yahwist Source); Psalm 77:3; Ezekiel 31:16
• with עַל 2 Samuel 13:39; Jeremiah 31:15
• with עַל הָרָעָה concerning the evil Ezekiel 14:22; Ezekiel 32:31
• with אַחֲרֵי Genesis 24:67 (Yahwist Source)

d. comfort oneself, ease oneself

• by taking vengeance with מִן Isaiah 1:24
• with עַל Isaiah 57:6

2. Pi`el

— נִחַם Perfect Isaiah 49:13 (9 times Perfect); Imperfect יְנַחֵם Job 29:25; 3 masculine plural יְנַחֲמוּ Job 42:11; יְנַחֵמ֑וּן Zechariah 10:2 (14 times Imperfect); Imperative נַחֲמוּ Isaiah 40:1 (twice in verse); Infinitive נַחֵם Isaiah 61:2; suffix נַחֲמוֺ Genesis 37:35 (10 times Infinitive); Participle מְנַחֵם Lamentations 1:2, plural מְנַחֲמִים Psalm 69:21 (12 times Participle) — comfort, console.

• absolute Genesis 37:35 (Yahwist Source), 1 Chronicles 19:3 = 2 Samuel 10:3; Psalm 69:21; Ecclesiastes 4:1 (twice); Zechariah 10:2; Nahum 3:7; Lamentations 1:16
• with accusative of person Genesis 50:21 (Elohist Source); 2 Samuel 12:24; 1 Chronicles 7:21, 19:2; Job 2:11, 7:13, 21:34, 29:25; Ruth 2:13; Psalm 23:4, 71:21, 119:76, 119:82; Isaiah 12:1, 22:4, 40:1 (twice), 51:3 (twice), 51:12, 19, 61:2, 66:13 (twice); Ezekiel 14:23, 16:54; Zechariah 1:17; Lamentations 2:13
• parallel עזר Psalm 86:17; רַחֵם Isaiah 49:13; גאל Isaiah 52:9; שׂמּח Jeremiah 31:13
• with מִן of thing Genesis 5:29 (Yahwist Source)
• with עַל Jeremiah 16:7, 42:11
• with אֶל 2 Samuel 10:2 = עַל 1 Chronicles 19:2
• מְנִחֲמֵי עָמָל Job 16:2
• אֵין מְנַחֵם לְ Lamentations 1:2, 9, 17, 21

3. Pu`al

— Perfect נֻחָ֑מָה Isaiah 54:11; Imperfect תְּנֻחָ֑מוּ Isaiah 66:13; — be comforted, consoled.

4. Hithpa`el

— Perfect 1 singular וְהִנֶּחָ֑מְתִּי (for הִתְנַחַמְתִּי; but strike out Cornill³) Ezekiel 5:13; Imperfect יִתְנֶחָ֑ם Deuteronomy 32:36 (3 times); 1 singular אֶתְנֶח֑ם Psalm 119:52; Infinitive הִתְנַחֵם Genesis 37:35; Participle מִתְנַחֵם Genesis 27:42 —

1. be sorry, have compassion

• with עַל־עֲבָדָיו upon his servants Deuteronomy 32:36 = Psalm 135:14

2. rue, repent of

• parallel כזּב Numbers 23:19 (Poem)

3. comfort oneself, be comforted

• absolute Genesis 37:35 (Yahwist Source); Psalm 119:52

4. ease oneself

• by taking vengeance Ezekiel 5:13 (?); with לִ person Genesis 27:42 (Jehovist/Elohist Source): compare Niph'al 4.

¹ Mark Lidzbarski, Handbuch der nordsemitischen Epigraphik (1898).

² Friedrich Schwally, Idioticon des christlich-palästinischen Aramäisch (1893).

³ Carl Heinrich Cornill.

conjunctive, Verb Niphal sequential perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: παρακαλῶν παρακαλέσαι παρεκλήθη μετεμελήθη παρακαλέσει

LXX Usage Statistics

H5162:

παρακαλῶν 9× (7.7%)

παρακαλέσαι 7× (6.1%)

παρεκλήθη 5× (4.5%)

μετεμελήθη 4× (3.5%)

παρακαλέσει 4× (3.5%)

παρακαλοῦντασ 3× (2.7%)

παρεκάλεσάσ 3× (2.7%)

παρακληθήσεται 3× (2.7%)

μετανοῶν 3× (2.6%)

μετανοήσει 3× (2.6%)

על עַל־

upon/against/yoke

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

על

ʻal

Definition

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Root

properly, the same as H5920 (על) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following);

Exhaustive

properly, the same as על used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5921

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַל

adjective / noun • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

Highest; same as עֶלְיוֹן. This form is abridged from עָלָה and derived from עָלַי (like יַד from יָדָה I.), serving as the construct form עֲלֵי (out of עֲלַאי).

עַל

preposition / adverb • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

A preposition: upon, over, above, super, in the widest sense. It expresses protecting, covering, resting above upon (answering to 'where'); motion toward the upper surface (answering to 'whither?'); local direction to a more distant agency; or proximity/timing ('with, at'). Used figuratively as dat. commodi and incommodi, meaning a burden or duty upon one, or with certain verbs replacing the dative case. Also expresses motion down upon or up to, sometimes interchanging with אֶל.

עַל

preposition / adverb • Strongs / High • Page 1089

Preposition or Adverb meaning upon, over, at, above (denoting physical overtopping or mental superiority/dominion); expressing addition (to, reckoned to); proximity (by, around); suitability (according to); or occasionally used concessively (though, quanquam).

עַל

preposition / particle / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Properly, over, upon, concerning, notwithstanding, against, towards, for the sake of, on account of. Used to express position, antithesis, or distance (away from). After certain verbs, signifies giving way, removing, or fleeing. Also forms various compound particles (e.g., עַל-מָה, עַל-כֵּן, עַל אֲשֶׁר).

עַל

preposition (aramaic) • Root אלא • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew עַל. Means: Upon, over, on account of, unto, against, or dative. (Used with suffixes like עָלַי, עָלֵךְ, עֲלֵיהוֹן).

עַל

noun / prepos. • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה, listed as a noun and a preposition.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַל

substantive / adverb / adjective • Root עלה • Page 507

Strictly a substantive meaning whatever is high or uppermost (Hos. 7:16, 11:7). Used as an adverb: (1.) 'above' (Gen. 27:39, 49:25; Ps. 50:4). Used as an adjective: (2.) 'high' (2 Sam. 23:1).

Preposition

LXX: ἐπὶ ἐπ' ἐφ' τοῦτο ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H5921a:

ἐπὶ 1722× (33.1%)

ἐπ' 701× (13.4%)

ἐφ' 195× (3.7%)

τοῦτο 116× (1.9%)

'' 116× (1.9%)

περὶ 113× (2.2%)

ἀπὸ 108× (2.1%)

--- 108× (2.1%)

αὐτοὺσ 95× (1.6%)

εἰσ 93× (1.8%)

כל כָּל־

all

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כל

kôl

Definition

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

Root

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל);

Exhaustive

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3605

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּל

noun / masculine • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 695

Properly 'all, whole, totality'. 1. Used adjectivally to mean 'all' or 'the whole of', as in 'all the earth'. 2. Describes a plurality of individual persons or things, translated as 'all'.

כֹּל

substantive / adverb • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 696

A substantive meaning all, the whole, every, any. When used with a negative, it means none at all. It can also function as an adverb meaning wholly or altogether.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּל

chald. • Page 316

Same as Hebrew (all, every). Often appears with Makkeph as -כֹּל. References: Dan. 2:40, 4:9, 18, 25.

כֹּל

m. verbal • Root כלל • Page 315

A substantive meaning 'all', 'the whole', or 'totality'. Frequently used as an adjective (Jer. 33:8). 1. all. 2. every one.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3605

I. כֹּל (approximate number of occurrences: 5415) noun masculine — the whole, all (once כּוֹל Jeremiah 33:8 Kt.).

Cognates:

• Moabite, Phoenician id.
• Aramaic כּוּל, כֹּל
• Arabic كل
• Sabean כל (compare DHM¹)
• Ethiopic ኩሉ
• Assyrian kullatu

— כֹּל absolute; construct כֹּל Genesis 2:5, Genesis 2:16, Genesis 2:20; כֹּל־ Psalm 138:2; more usually כָּל־ (with makkaph: without it, Psalm 35:10; Proverbs 19:7; Kö²); suffix 2 masculine singular in pause כֻּלָּךְ Micah 2:12; 2 feminine singular כֻּלֵּךְ Isaiah 14:29, Isaiah 14:31, כֻּלָּךְ Isaiah 22:1; Song of Solomon 4:7; 3 masculine singular כֻּלֹּה 2 Samuel 2:9 (Dr³) + 17 times, כֻּלּוֹ Genesis 25:25 + 16 times; 3 feminine singular כֻּלָּהּ Genesis 13:10 + 15 times, כֻּלָּא Ezekiel 36:5; 1 plural כֻּלָּנוּ (16 times); 2 plural כֻּלְּכֶם (18 times); 3 masculine plural כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּם Jeremiah 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַם 2 Samuel 23:6 (and Jeremiah 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 feminine plural כֻּלָּ֫נָה Genesis 42:36; Proverbs 31:29; כֻּלָּֽהְנָה 1 Kings 7:37.

1. With following Genitive

a. The whole of, all, every

• Genesis 2:2 כָּל־צְבָאָם (the whole of their host)
• Genesis 2:13 כָּל־אֶרֶץ כּוּשׁ (the whole of the land of Kush)
• כָּל־הַלַּיְלָה (the whole of the night)
• כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל (the whole of Israel)
• Deuteronomy 4:29 בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ (with all thy heart)
• With plural nouns: Genesis 5:5 כל־ימי אדם (all the days of Adam); Genesis 37:35 כל־בניו (all his sons); Isaiah 2:2 כל־הגוים (all the nations); Genesis 43:9 כל הימים (continually)
• In poetry, noun may be undetermined: כָּל־יָדַיִם (every hand) Isaiah 13:7; Jeremiah 48:37; Ezekiel 21:12; כל־פנים (every face) Isaiah 25:8

b. Followed by singular, understood collectively

• Genesis 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה (every living soul)
• Genesis 2:9 כל עץ נחמד (every kind of tree)
• Genesis 6:12 כָּל־בָּשָׂר (all flesh)
• Numbers 12:3; Judges 16:17 כל האדם (the whole of mankind)
• Exodus 1:22 כל־הבן (all the sons)
• In late Hebrew: בְּכָל־דּוֹר וָדוֹר Psalm 45:18; Esther 9:28; בכל־עיר ועיר 2 Chronicles 11:12

c. Genitive as a relative sentence

• Introduced by אשׁר: Genesis 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה (all that he had made); Joshua 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ (wheresoever thou goest)
• Rarely with ellipse of relative: Genesis 39:4 וְכָל־יֶשׁ־לוֹ; Psalm 71:18 לְכָל־יָבוֹא

d. Idiomatic use with suffixes

• Placing suffix after the word qualified: 2 Samuel 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלֹּה (Israel, all of it); Isaiah 14:29 פלשׁת כלך (Philistia, all of thee!)
• Suffix of 3ms used for the mass: Exodus 14:7 עַל־כֻּלּוֹ (upon all of them); Psalm 29:9 כֻּלּוֹ אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד (every one says, Glory!)

e. Affirming or denying of an entire class (any/none)

• Comparative: Genesis 3:1 מכל חית השׂדה (than any beast of the field)
• With negative (none): Exodus 12:16 כל־מלאכה לא יעשׂה (no work shall be done); Psalm 143:2 כי לא־יצדק לפניך כל־חי (for no living thing is righteous before thee)

f. Anomalous gender

feminine very anomalously, severed from its Genitive: 2 Samuel 1:9 כִּי־כָל־עוֹד נַפְשִׁי בִי; Job 27:3; Hosea 14:3 כָּל־תִּשָּׂא עָוֺן.

2. Absolutely

a. Without the article (all things, all)

• Genesis 9:3 את כֹּל; Genesis 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֹ; Numbers 11:6 אֵין כֹּל (there is nothing)
• Isaiah 44:24 עשֶֹׁה כֹּל (maker of all things); Proverbs 16:4
• As Comprehensive Genitive: Ezekiel 44:30 כָּל־בִּכּוּרֵי כֹל

b. With article (הַכֹּל)

• Referring to things just mentioned: Exodus 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל; Leviticus 1:9; 1 Samuel 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד
• In wider sense (the universe, to pan): Jeremiah 10:16 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא; Psalm 103:19
• In Ecclesiastes (often): Ecclesiastes 1:2; Ecclesiastes 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל

Aramaic

I. כֹּל, כָּל־ noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל).

1. The whole of, all
   • כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶל Daniel 2:12
   • כל־מלכותא Daniel 6:4
   • suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֹן Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19
2. With a singular noun, understood collectively (every, any, none)
   • Daniel 3:29 דִּי כָל־עַם (that every people)
   • Daniel 6:8 מִן־כָּל־אֱלָה (of any god)
   • Daniel 2:10 כל־מלך... לא (no king)
   • כָּל־דִּי (whoever/whatever) Daniel 6:8; Ezra 7:23
3. Emphatic כֹּלָּא (absolutely, all things)
   • Daniel 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא (crushing all things)
   • Daniel 4:9, Daniel 4:18 וּמָזוֹן לְכֹלָּא־בֵהּ
   • Daniel 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא (all came upon...)

¹ David Heinrich Müller, Epigraphische Denkmäler aus Arabien (1889).

² Eduard König, Historisch-kritisches Lehrgebäude der hebräischen Sprache (1881-1897).

³ S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Books of Samuel (1890).

⁴ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley (GKC).

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πάντα πᾶσ πάντεσ πᾶν πάντασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3605:

πάντα 921× (17.0%)

πᾶσ 451× (8.4%)

πάντεσ 441× (8.4%)

πᾶν 351× (6.5%)

πάντασ 297× (5.6%)

πᾶσαν 267× (4.9%)

πάντων 242× (4.4%)

πάσασ 230× (4.4%)

--- 227× (4.5%)

πᾶσα 214× (4.0%)

המונה הֲמוֹנֹה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

המון

hâmôwn

Definition

a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth

Root

or המן; (Ezekiel 5:7), from H1993 (המה);

Exhaustive

or המן; (Ezekiel 5:7), from המה; a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth; abundance, company, many, multitude, multiply, noise, riches, rumbling, sounding, store, tumult.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1995

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָמוֹן

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 405

1. a splash of rain; noise, sound (of song, thunder, etc.); especially a tumultuous noise, a crowd, a multitude; fulness, riches. 2. A proper name of the supreme Egyptian god, for אָמוֹן (Amon).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָמוֹן

noun masculine • Root המה • Page 190

Verbal from הָמָה. 1. sound, noise (e.g., of rain, 1 K. 18:41; music, Ezek. 26:13; tumult of a crowd, 1 Sam. 4:14). 2. a multitude or crowd of people (Is. 13:4; Gen. 17:4, 5). 3. a multitude generally (e.g., of waters, Jer 10:13; abundance, riches, Ps. 37:16). 4. inward commotion (Is. 63:15).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H1995

I. הָמוֹן (approximate number of occurrences: 85) noun masculine^{1 Samuel 4:14} (feminine Job 31:34) — sound, murmur, roar, crowd, abundance.

— הָמוֹן absolute 1 Samuel 4:14 + 27 times (including 2 Kings 25:11); construct הֲמוֹן Genesis 17:4 + 30 times; suffix הֲמוֹנוֹ Isaiah 5:13, Ezekiel 31:18 (Qere); הַמוֹנָהּ Isaiah 5:14, Ezekiel 7:12; הֲמֹנָהּ Ezekiel 29:19; הֲמוֹנָם Isaiah 31:4, Ezekiel 7:11; plural הֲמֹנִים Joel 4:14; suffix הֲמוֹנֶיהָ Ezekiel 32:30.

1. Sound, murmur, rush, roar

Especially sound made by a crowd of people, murmur, roar:

• Psalm 65:8 (+ לְאֻמִּים; parallel שְׁאוֹן יַמִּים)
• Isaiah 13:4 (sound of a roaring; parallel קוֹל שְׁאוֹן)
• Isaiah 33:3; Daniel 10:6
• Isaiah 17:12 (הֲמוֹן עַמִּים; compared with הֲמוֹת יַמִּים)
• Isaiah 31:4 (of a throng of shepherds)
• Of a city: Job 39:7; Isaiah 32:14 (noisy city); Isaiah 5:14
• Of the sound of songs: Ezekiel 26:13; Amos 5:23
• Of crying: 1 Samuel 4:14 (+ קוֹל צְעָקָה)
• Figurative of sympathy: Isaiah 63:15 (הֲמוֹן מֵעִים; parallel רַחֲמִים)
• Of rain: 1 Kings 18:41 (קוֹל הֲמוֹן הַגֶּשֶׁם); Jeremiah 10:13 = Jeremiah 51:16
• Of rumbling chariot-wheels: Jeremiah 47:3

2. Tumult, confusion

As occasioning a roar:

• 1 Samuel 14:19
• 2 Samuel 18:29

3. Crowd, multitude

a. Frequently of a great army

• Judges 4:7; 1 Samuel 14:16
• 1 Kings 20:13, 28
• Isaiah 29:5 (twice)
• 2 Chronicles 13:8; 14:10; 20:2, 12, 15, 24; 32:7
• Ezekiel 39:11, 15 (גֵּיא הֲמוֹן גּוֹג)
• Daniel 11:10–13 (parallel חַיִל גָּדוֹל)

b. Of a whole people

• 2 Samuel 6:19; Isaiah 5:13; Isaiah 16:14
• Ezekiel 7:11, 14
• Ezekiel 29:19; 30:10, 15
• Ezekiel 31:2, 18
• Ezekiel 32:12, 16, 18, 20, 24–26, 31, 32

c. Of any great throng

• 2 Kings 7:13; 2 Kings 25:11 (compare Jeremiah 52:15)
• Psalm 42:5; Job 31:34 (הָמוֹן רַבָּה)
• Ezekiel 23:42
• Genesis 17:4, 5 (Priests' Code)
• Isaiah 29:7, 8
• Under figure of overwhelming mass of waves: Jeremiah 51:42

4. Great number, abundance (late)

• Of women: 2 Chronicles 11:23
• Of cattle: Jeremiah 49:32
• Of materials for temple: 1 Chronicles 29:16
• Of tithes and gifts: 2 Chronicles 31:10

5. Abundance, wealth

• Psalm 37:16
• Ecclesiastes 5:9 (parallel כֶּסֶף)
• Isaiah 60:5 (הֲמוֹן יָם; parallel חֵיל גּוֹיִם)

¹ F. Perles, Analekten zur Textkritik des Alten Testaments (1895).

² C. H. Cornill, Das Buch des Propheten Ezechiel (1886).

³ Priests' Code (P Source).

⁴ A. B. Davidson, The Book of the Prophet Ezekiel (1892).

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: πλῆθοσ --- '' πλοῦτοσ ἰσχὺσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1995a:

πλῆθοσ 23× (25.4%)

--- 5× (6.3%)

'' 5× (5.4%)

πλοῦτοσ 3× (3.4%)

ἰσχὺσ 3× (3.2%)

ἤχου 2× (2.5%)

συναγωγὴν 2× (2.5%)

πολλῶν 2× (2.3%)

θορύβου 2× (2.3%)

πλοῦτον 2× (2.3%)

חללי חַלְלֵי־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חלל

châlâl

Definition

pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted

Root

from H2490 (חלל);

Exhaustive

from חלל; pierced (especially to death); figuratively, polluted; kill, profane, slain (man), [idiom] slew, (deadly) wounded.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2491

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָלָל

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 491

1. killed, slain, especially in war; seldomer of a single person murdered; figuratively, of those killed by hunger, pestilence, whoredom. 2. profane, impure.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָלָל

adjective • Root חלל • Page 230

profane. (Mentioned as a derivative of the root חָלַל).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H2491

I. חָלָל (approximate number of occurrences: 90) noun masculine — pierced.

— חָלָל absolute Deuteronomy 21:1 (25 times); construct חֲלַל Numbers 19:16; plural חֲלָלִים Numbers 23:24 (28 times); construct חַלְלֵי Isaiah 22:2 (21 times); suffix חֲלָלֶיךָ Psalm 69:27 + 11 times suffixes.

1. Meanings and Uses

a. Pierced, fatally wounded

• Psalm 69:27
• Jeremiah 51:52
• Ezekiel 26:15
• Ezekiel 30:24
• Lamentations 2:12

b. Slain

• Numbers 19:18
• Numbers 31:8, 19 (Priests' Code)
• singular collective: 2 Samuel 23:8, 18 = 1 Chronicles 11:11, 20; Ezekiel 6:7; Ezekiel 30:11
• usually plural: 1 Samuel 17:52 (Revised Version wounded), Jeremiah 51:49

c. In phrases

• חַלְלֵי חֶרֶב Isaiah 22:2; Jeremiah 14:18; Ezekiel 31:17–18; Ezekiel 32:20, 21, 25, 28–32; Zephaniah 2:12; Lamentations 4:9
• חַלְלֵי רָעָב Lamentations 4:9
• חַלְלֵי יהוה Isaiah 66:16; Jeremiah 25:33

II. חָלָל adjective — profaned.

— חָלָל רָשָׁע (read construct חֲלַל SS¹) profaned, dishonoured wicked one Ezekiel 21:30 (so Authorized Version, Gesenius' Thesaurus, Mühlau-Volck, Siegfried-Stade, Cornill, Orelli; but Revised Version deadly wounded, Ewald, Smend fallen, slain); plural construct חַלְלֵי רְשָׁעִים Ezekiel 21:34; feminine singular חֲלָלָה of woman sexually dishonoured Leviticus 21:7, 14 (Holiness Code; + זָנָה).

¹ Siegfried and Stade, Hebräisches Wörterbuch zum Alten Testamente (1893).

Adjective adjective masculine plural construct

LXX: τραυματίαι τραυματιῶν τραυματίασ '' τετραυματισμένοι

LXX Usage Statistics

H2491a:

τραυματίαι 24× (25.3%)

τραυματιῶν 19× (20.9%)

τραυματίασ 15× (15.8%)

'' 7× (6.7%)

τετραυματισμένοι 3× (3.4%)

τραυματίου 3× (3.0%)

νεκροὺσ 3× (3.0%)

ὡσ 2× (2.2%)

--- 2× (2.2%)

τραυματίᾳ 2× (1.9%)

חרב חֶרֶב

a sword/drought

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חרב

chereb

Definition

drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement

Root

from H2717 (חרב);

Exhaustive

from חרב; drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement; axe, dagger, knife, mattock, sword, tool.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2719

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֶרֶב

noun / feminine • Root חרב • Strongs / High • Page 524

1. a sword; any sharp instrument like a knife, razor, axe, or chisel. 2. war. 3. dryness or consumption as a disease. 4. grave or mausoleum.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חֶרֶב

f. verbal • Root חרב • Page 246

1. a sword (Deut. 13:16, 20:13, Josh. 6:21). 2. other cutting instruments like a knife for circumcising (Josh. 5:2), a razor (Ezek. 5:1), a pickaxe (Ex. 20:25), or a battering ram (Ezek. 26:9). 3. dryness, drought (Deut. 28:22).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H2719

I. חֶ֫רֶב (approximate number of occurrences: 411) noun feminine^{Isaiah 21:15} — sword (as weapon).

Cognates:

• Aramaic חַרְבָּא
• Syriac חַרְבָּא
• Zinjirli חרב
• Arabic حربة ḥarbah dart, javelin

— חֶ֫רֶב absolute Genesis 3:24 +; חָ֑רֶב Exodus 17:13 +; construct חֶ֫רֶב Deuteronomy 33:29 +; suffix חַרְבִּי Exodus 15:9 (13 times); חַרְבְּךָ Genesis 27:40 (7 times); חֵרְבֶּ֑ךָ 1 Samuel 17:33, Psalm 17:13; חַרְבּוֺ Numbers 22:23 (24 times); חַרְבְּכֶם Jeremiah 2:30, Ezekiel 33:26; חַרְבָּם Psalm 37:15, Psalm 44:4; plural חֲרָבוֺת Isaiah 21:15 (5 times); construct חַרְבוֺת Joshua 5:2 (2 times); suffix חַרְבוֺתָיו Ezekiel 26:9; חַרְבוֺתָם Isaiah 2:4 (5 times); חַרְבֹתֵיהֶם Micah 4:3 (2 times).

1. Sword as weapon

a. Sword, as weapon of war

• Genesis 48:22 (Elohist Source)
• Judges 7:14, 20
• 1 Samuel 21:9, and so in all periods
• two-edged (short) sword חֶרֶב וְלָהּ שְׁנֵי פֵיוֺ֖ת גֹּמֶד אָרְכָּהּ Judges 3:16
• compare חֶרֶב מִּיּוֺת Proverbs 5:4 (in simile), חֶרֶב מִּיפִיּוֺת Psalm 149:6
• see also צוּר חֶרֶב edge of sword Psalm 89:44

b. Gird on sword

• חָגַר הַחֶרֶב 1 Samuel 17:39
• 1 Samuel 25:13 (3 times)
• Psalm 45:4 (+ חֶרֶב עַל יָרֵך)
• שִׂים על ירך Exodus 32:27
• compare especially 2 Samuel 20:8

c. Draw the sword

• הֵרִיק הַחֶרֶב Exodus 15:9; Leviticus 26:33; Ezekiel 5:2, 12; 12:14; 28:7
• הוציא הַחֶרֶב Ezekiel 21:8, 10
• פתח הַחֶרֶב Psalm 37:14; Ezekiel 21:33
• נטשׁ Isaiah 21:15 (Graetz¹, Cheyne² read לטשׁ)
• usually שׁלף הַחֶרֶב Numbers 22:23, 31; Joshua 5:13; Judges 3:22; Judges 8:10, 20; 9:54; 1 Samuel 17:51; 31:4 = 1 Chronicles 10:4; 1 Chronicles 21:16
• as characteristic of warriors שֹׁלֵף חֶרֶב Judges 20:2, 15, 17, 25, 35, 46; 2 Samuel 24:9; 2 Kings 3:26; 1 Chronicles 21:5 (twice)
• וַתִּדְבַּק יָדוֺ אֶל־הַחֶרֶב 2 Samuel 23:10, insert also in parallel 1 Chronicles 11:13 (S. R. Driver³)

d. Whet, sharpen the sword

• לטשׁ הַחֶרֶב Psalm 7:13
• שׁנן Deuteronomy 32:41 compare Psalm 64:4
• הוּחַדָּה Ezekiel 21:14, 16

e. Put up the sword into the sheath

• הֵשִׁיב הַחֶרֶב אֶל־נְדָנָהּ 1 Chronicles 21:27
• sheath elsewhere is תַּעַר 1 Samuel 17:51; 2 Samuel 20:8; Jeremiah 47:6; Ezekiel 21:8

f. Slay with sword

• הרג בְּחֶרֶב Joshua 10:11; 13:22 +
• in 1 Samuel 2:33, insert בְּחֶרֶב before אנשׁים (Septuagint, Wellhausen⁴, S. R. Driver³)
• rarely הכה בְּחֶרֶב Joshua 11:10; 2 Kings 19:37 = Isaiah 37:38
• very often הִכָּה לְפִי־חֶרֶב smite according to the mouth of the sword i.e. as the sword can devour (2 Samuel 2:26; 11:25) = without quarter: Numbers 21:24 (Elohist Source); Deuteronomy 13:16a; 20:13; Joshua 11:11, 12, 14 (Deuteronomic Source); Judges 18:27; 21:10; 1 Kings 10:25; Job 1:15, 17
• also with הָעִיר (the city) as object: Joshua 8:24; 10:28, 30, 32, 35, 37, 39; 19:47; Judges 1:8, 25; 20:37; 1 Samuel 22:19 (twice); 2 Samuel 15:14
• הרג לְפִי־חֶרֶב Genesis 34:26 (Yahwist Source); הֶחֱרִים לְפִי־חֶרֶב Deuteronomy 13:16b, Joshua 6:21; 1 Samuel 15:8
• חלשׁ לְפִי־חֶרֶב Exodus 17:13 (Elohist Source); נפל לְפִי־חֶרֶב Joshua 8:24; Judges 4:16
• וַיָּהָם יְהוָה ... לְפִי־חֶרֶב Judges 4:15

g. Devouring

• אכלה הַחֶרֶב etc., of the sword as devouring: — תּאֹכֵל חַרְבִּי בָשָׂר Deuteronomy 32:42 (poetry)
• 2 Samuel 2:26; 11:25; 18:8
• Isaiah 1:10; Jeremiah 2:30; Jeremiah 46:10, 14; Nahum 2:14

h. Slain by sword

• חֲלַל־חֶרֶב Numbers 19:16 (Priestly Code) and frequently in Ezekiel
• חַלְלֵי־חֶרֶב Ezekiel 31:17, 18; 32:21, 25, 28, 29, 30, 32; 35:8
• מְחֻלְלֵי חֶרֶב Ezekiel 35:26 (Cornill⁵ reads חללי־חֶרֶב)

i. Captives of sword

• שְׁבֻיוֺת חֶרֶב Genesis 31:26 (taken by sword)

j. Sword as agent of Yahweh

• Judges 7:20; Isaiah 34:6; Jeremiah 12:12; Jeremiah 47:6 etc.
• Deuteronomy 28:22 (but read חֹרֶב drought)
• לַהַט הַחֶרֶב הַמִּתְהַמֶּכֶת Genesis 3:24
• in poetry: לַהַב חֶרֶב Nahum 3:3, בְּרַק חֶרֶב Deuteronomy 32:41

k. Figurative uses

• of tongue Psalm 57:5; compare 59:8
• of violence, war, etc. Genesis 27:40
• in simile Proverbs 5:4 (of grievous end of dealings with strange women)

2. Knife

• חַרְבוֹת צֻרִים flint knives for circumcision Joshua 5:2, 3 (see Wellhausen⁴)
• חֶרֶב חַדָּה תַּעַר הַגַּלָּבִים Ezekiel 5:1, 2 (according to Cornill⁵ use of sword as razor is significant)

3. Of tools used in hewing stone

• חַרְבְּךָ הֵנַפְתָּ עליה Exodus 20:25
• יִתֹּץ בְּחַרְבוֹתָיו Ezekiel 26:9, according to most = tools, axes, 'steel' (Cornill⁵ 'Eisen'), but possibly swords as implements ready to hand
• 2 Chronicles 34:6 Qere בְּחַרְבֹתֵיהֶם with their tools; read perhaps בְּחָרְבֹתֵיהֶם in their ruins (Bertheau⁶, compare Psalm 109:10)

¹ Heinrich Graetz.

² T. K. Cheyne.

³ S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Books of Samuel.

⁴ J. Wellhausen, Skizzen und Vorarbeiten.

⁵ C. H. Cornill.

⁶ Ernst Bertheau.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ῥομφαίᾳ ῥομφαίαν μάχαιραν μαχαίρᾳ ῥομφαία

LXX Usage Statistics

H2719:

ῥομφαίᾳ 62× (13.7%)

ῥομφαίαν 60× (14.4%)

μάχαιραν 39× (9.4%)

μαχαίρᾳ 35× (8.8%)

ῥομφαία 34× (8.4%)

μαχαίρασ 33× (8.2%)

ῥομφαίασ 28× (7.0%)

μάχαιρα 24× (5.9%)

'' 19× (4.3%)

μαχαίραισ 10× (2.4%)

פרעה פַּרְעֹה

Pharaoh

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

פרעה

Parʻôh

Definition

Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings

Root

of Egyptian derivation;

Exhaustive

of Egyptian derivation; Paroh, a general title of Egyptian kings; Pharaoh.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6547

איפה

ʼêyphôh

Definition

what place?; also (of time) when?; or (of means) how?

Root

from H335 (אי) and H6311 (פה);

Exhaustive

from אי and פה; what place?; also (of time) when?; or (of means) how?; what manner, where.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H375

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פַּרְעֹה

noun proper masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1195

A proper masculine noun (Egyptian) being a title of the native Egyptian kings (Pharaoh).

Matched via consonantal key only

פְּרָעָה

fem. prop. • Root פרע • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1195

Supremacy, concrete a prince, leader, used to describe when the princes led the way in Israel. Also from the head of the princes of the enemy.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֵיפֹה

adv. / interrogative • Root אי פה • Page 46

where? (Ruth 2:19); how? (Judg. 8:18). Used indefinitely as 'where' (Jer. 36:19).

פַּרְעֹה

noun • Page 554

in Greek Φαραώ, Pharaoh, the name of nearly all the kings of Egypt mentioned in the Old Testament, strictly a mere title of royalty. Gen. XL. XLI. XLVII.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H6547

I. מַּרְעֹה (approximate number of occurrences: 275) noun masculine — Pharaoh.

Etymology and Cognates:

• Greek Φαραω
• Egyptian pr-±o (great house, of royal court, and in new kingdom, of king)¹
• Assyrian pir°u²

— מַּרְעֹה absolute Genesis 12:15 (3 times); Genesis 12:17 (212 times in Hexateuch, 19 times in Kings); Isaiah 19:11 (twice) + 3 times; Jeremiah 25:19 + 10 times; Ezekiel 17:17 + 12 times; Nehemiah 9:10; 1 Chronicles 4:18; 2 Chronicles 8:11; Psalm 135:9; Psalm 136:15; Song of Songs 1:9.

1. Meanings and Uses

a. Title of Egyptian kings

• (+ מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם) (not early) Jeremiah 25:19; Jeremiah 46:17; Deuteronomy 7:8; Deuteronomy 11:3; Ezekiel 29:2–3; Ezekiel 30:21–22; Ezekiel 31:2; 1 Kings 3:1; 1 Kings 9:16; 1 Kings 11:18; 2 Kings 17:7; 2 Kings 18:21 (= Isaiah 36:6)
• Genesis 41:46 (Elohist Source)
• Exodus 6:11, 13, 27, 29; Exodus 14:8 (Priests' Code)

b. Used with proper names

• מַּרְעֹה חָפְרַע Jeremiah 44:30
• מַּרְעֹה נְכֹה Jeremiah 46:2; 2 Kings 23:29, 33, 34, 35

¹ F. Ll. Griffith in Hastings’ Dictionary of the Bible; E. Meyer, Geschichte des Altertums, i. 59; Steindorff, Beiträge zur Assyriologie, i. 343.

² E. Schrader, The Cuneiform Inscriptions and the Old Testament (COT); but see Winckler, Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatischen Gesellschaft (MVAG), 1898, 3f.

H375

אֵיפֹה (ʾêpōh, from אֵי and מָה here) adverb.

1. where?
   • Genesis 37:16
   • 1 Samuel 19:22
   • 2 Samuel 9:4
   • Isaiah 49:21
   • Jeremiah 3:2
   • Job 4:7
   • Job 38:4
   • Ruth 2:19
   • in indirect sentence Jeremiah 36:19 (less common than אֵיפֹה, used of persons [contrast אֵיפֹה] and with a verb [contrast אֵיפֹה]).
2. of what kind? (quails?) only Judges 8:18.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: φαραω '' βασιλεῖ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6547:

φαραω 257× (94.9%)

'' 6× (1.9%)

βασιλεῖ 2× (0.6%)

Hophra@Jer.37.5:

No stats available

וכל וְכָל־

and every/all

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

כל

kôl

Definition

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

Root

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל);

Exhaustive

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3605

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּל

noun / masculine • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 695

Properly 'all, whole, totality'. 1. Used adjectivally to mean 'all' or 'the whole of', as in 'all the earth'. 2. Describes a plurality of individual persons or things, translated as 'all'.

כֹּל

substantive / adverb • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 696

A substantive meaning all, the whole, every, any. When used with a negative, it means none at all. It can also function as an adverb meaning wholly or altogether.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּל

chald. • Page 316

Same as Hebrew (all, every). Often appears with Makkeph as -כֹּל. References: Dan. 2:40, 4:9, 18, 25.

כֹּל

m. verbal • Root כלל • Page 315

A substantive meaning 'all', 'the whole', or 'totality'. Frequently used as an adjective (Jer. 33:8). 1. all. 2. every one.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H3605

I. כֹּל (approximate number of occurrences: 5415) noun masculine — the whole, all (once כּוֹל Jeremiah 33:8 Kt.).

Cognates:

• Moabite, Phoenician id.
• Aramaic כּוּל, כֹּל
• Arabic كل
• Sabean כל (compare DHM¹)
• Ethiopic ኩሉ
• Assyrian kullatu

— כֹּל absolute; construct כֹּל Genesis 2:5, Genesis 2:16, Genesis 2:20; כֹּל־ Psalm 138:2; more usually כָּל־ (with makkaph: without it, Psalm 35:10; Proverbs 19:7; Kö²); suffix 2 masculine singular in pause כֻּלָּךְ Micah 2:12; 2 feminine singular כֻּלֵּךְ Isaiah 14:29, Isaiah 14:31, כֻּלָּךְ Isaiah 22:1; Song of Solomon 4:7; 3 masculine singular כֻּלֹּה 2 Samuel 2:9 (Dr³) + 17 times, כֻּלּוֹ Genesis 25:25 + 16 times; 3 feminine singular כֻּלָּהּ Genesis 13:10 + 15 times, כֻּלָּא Ezekiel 36:5; 1 plural כֻּלָּנוּ (16 times); 2 plural כֻּלְּכֶם (18 times); 3 masculine plural כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּם Jeremiah 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַם 2 Samuel 23:6 (and Jeremiah 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 feminine plural כֻּלָּ֫נָה Genesis 42:36; Proverbs 31:29; כֻּלָּֽהְנָה 1 Kings 7:37.

1. With following Genitive

a. The whole of, all, every

• Genesis 2:2 כָּל־צְבָאָם (the whole of their host)
• Genesis 2:13 כָּל־אֶרֶץ כּוּשׁ (the whole of the land of Kush)
• כָּל־הַלַּיְלָה (the whole of the night)
• כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל (the whole of Israel)
• Deuteronomy 4:29 בְּכָל־לְבָֽבְךָ (with all thy heart)
• With plural nouns: Genesis 5:5 כל־ימי אדם (all the days of Adam); Genesis 37:35 כל־בניו (all his sons); Isaiah 2:2 כל־הגוים (all the nations); Genesis 43:9 כל הימים (continually)
• In poetry, noun may be undetermined: כָּל־יָדַיִם (every hand) Isaiah 13:7; Jeremiah 48:37; Ezekiel 21:12; כל־פנים (every face) Isaiah 25:8

b. Followed by singular, understood collectively

• Genesis 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה (every living soul)
• Genesis 2:9 כל עץ נחמד (every kind of tree)
• Genesis 6:12 כָּל־בָּשָׂר (all flesh)
• Numbers 12:3; Judges 16:17 כל האדם (the whole of mankind)
• Exodus 1:22 כל־הבן (all the sons)
• In late Hebrew: בְּכָל־דּוֹר וָדוֹר Psalm 45:18; Esther 9:28; בכל־עיר ועיר 2 Chronicles 11:12

c. Genitive as a relative sentence

• Introduced by אשׁר: Genesis 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה (all that he had made); Joshua 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ (wheresoever thou goest)
• Rarely with ellipse of relative: Genesis 39:4 וְכָל־יֶשׁ־לוֹ; Psalm 71:18 לְכָל־יָבוֹא

d. Idiomatic use with suffixes

• Placing suffix after the word qualified: 2 Samuel 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלֹּה (Israel, all of it); Isaiah 14:29 פלשׁת כלך (Philistia, all of thee!)
• Suffix of 3ms used for the mass: Exodus 14:7 עַל־כֻּלּוֹ (upon all of them); Psalm 29:9 כֻּלּוֹ אֹמֵר כָּבוֹד (every one says, Glory!)

e. Affirming or denying of an entire class (any/none)

• Comparative: Genesis 3:1 מכל חית השׂדה (than any beast of the field)
• With negative (none): Exodus 12:16 כל־מלאכה לא יעשׂה (no work shall be done); Psalm 143:2 כי לא־יצדק לפניך כל־חי (for no living thing is righteous before thee)

f. Anomalous gender

feminine very anomalously, severed from its Genitive: 2 Samuel 1:9 כִּי־כָל־עוֹד נַפְשִׁי בִי; Job 27:3; Hosea 14:3 כָּל־תִּשָּׂא עָוֺן.

2. Absolutely

a. Without the article (all things, all)

• Genesis 9:3 את כֹּל; Genesis 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֹ; Numbers 11:6 אֵין כֹּל (there is nothing)
• Isaiah 44:24 עשֶֹׁה כֹּל (maker of all things); Proverbs 16:4
• As Comprehensive Genitive: Ezekiel 44:30 כָּל־בִּכּוּרֵי כֹל

b. With article (הַכֹּל)

• Referring to things just mentioned: Exodus 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל; Leviticus 1:9; 1 Samuel 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד
• In wider sense (the universe, to pan): Jeremiah 10:16 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא; Psalm 103:19
• In Ecclesiastes (often): Ecclesiastes 1:2; Ecclesiastes 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל

Aramaic

I. כֹּל, כָּל־ noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל).

1. The whole of, all
   • כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶל Daniel 2:12
   • כל־מלכותא Daniel 6:4
   • suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֹן Daniel 2:38; Daniel 7:19
2. With a singular noun, understood collectively (every, any, none)
   • Daniel 3:29 דִּי כָל־עַם (that every people)
   • Daniel 6:8 מִן־כָּל־אֱלָה (of any god)
   • Daniel 2:10 כל־מלך... לא (no king)
   • כָּל־דִּי (whoever/whatever) Daniel 6:8; Ezra 7:23
3. Emphatic כֹּלָּא (absolutely, all things)
   • Daniel 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא (crushing all things)
   • Daniel 4:9, Daniel 4:18 וּמָזוֹן לְכֹלָּא־בֵהּ
   • Daniel 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא (all came upon...)

¹ David Heinrich Müller, Epigraphische Denkmäler aus Arabien (1889).

² Eduard König, Historisch-kritisches Lehrgebäude der hebräischen Sprache (1881-1897).

³ S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Books of Samuel (1890).

⁴ Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar, ed. E. Kautzsch, trans. A. E. Cowley (GKC).

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πάντα πᾶσ πάντεσ πᾶν πάντασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3605:

πάντα 921× (17.0%)

πᾶσ 451× (8.4%)

πάντεσ 441× (8.4%)

πᾶν 351× (6.5%)

πάντασ 297× (5.6%)

πᾶσαν 267× (4.9%)

πάντων 242× (4.4%)

πάσασ 230× (4.4%)

--- 227× (4.5%)

πᾶσα 214× (4.0%)

חילו חֵילוֹ

fortified perimeter/bulwark of himself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חיל

chayil

Definition

probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength

Root

from H2342 (חול);

Exhaustive

from חול; probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength; able, activity, ([phrase]) army, band of men (soldiers), company, (great) forces, goods, host, might, power, riches, strength, strong, substance, train, ([phrase]) valiant(-ly), valour, virtuous(-ly), war, worthy(-ily).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2428

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חַיִל

noun masculine • Root חול • Strongs / High • Page 480

1. strength, might, of body; power. 2. crowd, train, multitude, army, host. 3. Figuratively: integrity, ability, uprightness. 4. Metaphorically: substance, riches, wealth, goods.

חַיִל

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 481

1. A collateral form for חֵיל (host). 2. Fortress, fort. 3. Fortress of the sea (conseque).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חַיִל

noun masculine • Root חול • Page 226

See חוּל.

חַיִל

m. constr. חֵיל / plur. חֵילִים / dec. vi. β. • Root חול • Page 226

1. power, strength, courage (Ps. 18:33). 2. a military force, a host (Ex. 14:28). 3. substance, riches, wealth (Gen. 34:29). 4. figuratively integrity, virtue (Gen. 47:6, Prov. 12:4). 5. the strength of a tree, poetically for its fruit (Joel 2:22).

חַיִל

m. chald. • Page 226

1. strength (Dan. 3:4). 2. a host (Dan. 3:20, 4:32).

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H2428

I. חַ֫יִל (approximate number of occurrences: 244) noun masculine^{2 Kings 10:2} — strength, efficiency, wealth, army.

— חַ֫יִל absolute Genesis 47:6 +; חָ֑יִל Psalm 60:14 +; חֵיל Isaiah 36:2, 2 Kings 18:17; construct חֵיל Exodus 14:28 + (on Psalm 10:10 see חלכה); suffix חֵילִי Job 31:25; חֵילְךָ Jeremiah 15:13 +; חֵילוֹ Exodus 14:4 + etc.; plural חֲיָלִים 1 Chronicles 7:5 +; suffix חֵילֵיהֶם Isaiah 30:6.

1. strength, usually physical

a. seldom alone (chiefly in poetry)

• 1 Samuel 2:4
• Psalm 18:33, 40 = 2 Samuel 22:33, 40
• נָבְרוּ חַיִל Job 21:7, compare Ecclesiastes 10:10
• מֵחַיִל אֶל־חָ֑יִל Psalm 84:8
• בְּכֹחַ חַיִל 2 Chronicles 26:13
• Of virility: Proverbs 31:3
• Of God's power: Psalm 59:12; Psalm 110:3, compare Habakkuk 3:19
• Strength of horse: Psalm 33:17
• figurative of product of vine and fig-tree: Joel 2:22 (+ מְּרִי)

b. of result or display of strength

• עָשָׂה חַיִל achieve might, do valiantly: Numbers 24:18 (Jehovist Source), 1 Samuel 14:48; Psalm 60:14 = Psalm 108:14; Psalm 118:15, 16

c. often in phrases

• גִּבּוֹר הַחַיִל, גִּבּוֹרֵי הַחַיִל hero(es) of strength, mighty man (men) of valour: Joshua 1:14 (Deuteronomic Source), Joshua 6:2, 8:3, 10:7 (all Jehovist Source), Judges 6:12, 11:1, 1 Samuel 9:1, 16:18, 1 Kings 11:28, 2 Kings 5:1, 15:20, 24:14, 16, 1 Chronicles 5:24, 7:2, 9, 8:40, 28:1
• גִּבּוֹרֵי חַיִל (+ גִּבּוֹרֵי מִלְחָמָה) 2 Chronicles 13:3; גִּבּוֹרֵי הַחֲיָלִים 1 Chronicles 7:5, 7, 11, 40, 11:26 (see also גִּבּוֹר, p. 150)
• בֶּן הַחַיִל, בְּנֵי הַחַיִל Deuteronomy 3:18, Judges 18:2 + (see בֵּן 8, p. 121)
• אִישׁ חַיִל, אַנְשֵׁי חַיִל Judges 3:29, 20:44, 46, 1 Samuel 31:12, 2 Samuel 11:16, 23:20 (Qr; Kt חי) = 1 Chronicles 11:22 (Kt חיל), 2 Samuel 24:9, Nahum 2:4, Jeremiah 48:15, 1 Chronicles 10:12, Nehemiah 11:6, Psalm 76:6
• Ironical: אַנְשֵׁי חַיִל לִמְסֹךְ שֵׁכָר Isaiah 5:22 (+ גִּבּוֹרִים לִשְׁתּוֹת יָיִן)
• Metaphor of legs: Ecclesiastes 12:3

2. ability, efficiency

Often involving moral worth:

• אַנְשֵׁי חַיִל Genesis 47:6 (Jehovist Source), Exodus 18:21, 25 (both Elohist Source)
• Of a woman: אֵשֶׁת חַיִל Proverbs 12:4, 31:10, Ruth 3:11; compare 1 Kings 1:42, 52 (opposed to רָעָה)
• Especially: אַנְשֵׁי חַיִל יִרְאֵי אֱלֹהִים אַנְשֵׁי אֱמֶת שׂנְאֵי בָּ֑צַע Exodus 18:21 (Elohist Source)
• עָשָׂה חַיִל do worthily, efficiently: Proverbs 31:29, perhaps also Ruth 4:11
• Late usage: גִּבּוֹרֵי חֵיל מְלֶאכֶת עֲבוֹדַת בֵּית הָאֱלֹהִים 1 Chronicles 9:13, compare אִישׁ חַיִל בַּכֹּחַ לַעֲבֹדָה 1 Chronicles 26:8
• 1 Samuel 10:26 (read בְּנֵי חַיִל, men of worth, see 𝔊 We Dr¹, opposed to בְּנֵי בְלִיַּעַל v 27)

3. wealth

• Genesis 34:29 = Numbers 31:9 (both Priestly Code)
• Deuteronomy 8:17, 18, 33:11
• Isaiah 8:4, 10:14, 30:6 (+ אוֹצְרֹתָם), 60:5 (+ הֲמוֹן יָם), 11, 61:6
• Micah 4:13, Zephaniah 1:13, Zechariah 14:14
• Jeremiah 15:13, 17:3 (+ אֹצָרוֹת)
• Ezekiel 26:12, 28:4, 5
• Job 5:5, 15:29, 20:15, 18, 31:25
• Psalm 49:7, 11, 62:11, 73:12
• Proverbs 13:22

4. force, army

• Exodus 14:4, 9, 17, 28 (all Priestly Code), 15:4 (song)
• 1 Samuel 17:20, 2 Samuel 8:9
• 2 Kings 6:4, 15, 25:1, 5, 10
• 2 Chronicles 13:3 (+ גִּבּוֹרֵי מִלְחָמָה), 14:7, 16:7, 23:14 +
• Jeremiah 32:2, 34:1 +
• Ezekiel 17:17, 27:10 +
• Daniel 11:7, 13, 25, 26
• Meaning a band: 1 Samuel 10:26
• Train of Queen of Sheba: חַיִל גָּדוֹל 1 Kings 10:2; 2 Chronicles 9:1
• חֵיל כָּבֵד a powerful army: Isaiah 36:1 = 2 Kings 18:17 (on form compare Stade^{§ 194 c})
• Late: חֵיל הַצָּבָא 1 Chronicles 20:1; 2 Chronicles 26:13, חֵיל עָם Esther 8:11, הֲמוֹן חֲיָלִים Daniel 11:10
• שַׂר הַחַיִל captain of the host: 2 Samuel 24:2; שָׂרֵי הַחַיִל 2 Samuel 24:4; שָׂרֵי הַחֲיָלִים captains of armies (bands, divisions): 1 Kings 15:20; 2 Chronicles 16:4; 2 Kings 25:23; Jeremiah 40:7, 13, 41:11, 13, 16, 42:1, 8, 43:4, 5
• מִּקּוּדֵי הַחִיל Numbers 31:14 (Priestly Code)

— חֵילוּ Ezekiel 32:31 omitted by B Hi Co: for חֵילֵךְ Ezekiel 27:11 read probably a proper name of a location, compare Davidson; Cornill proposes חֶתְלוֹן (compare Ezekiel 47:15; 48:1); Halévy חלך = Cilicia, see Lagarde.

Aramaic

I. חַ֫יִל noun masculine power, strength, army (Biblical Hebrew חַיִל).

1. power
   • absolute בְּאֶדְרָע וְחָ֑יִל by force and power Ezra 4:23
   • קְרָא בְחַיִל i.e. call loudly Daniel 3:4; בְּחַיִל Daniel 4:11; Daniel 5:7
   • גִּבָּרֵי חַיִל mighty men of power Daniel 3:20
2. force, army
   • suffix חֵילֵהּ Daniel 3:20
   • construct חֵיל שְׁמַיָּא Daniel 4:32 (= Biblical Hebrew צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם)

¹ S. R. Driver, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Books of Samuel (Dr); J. Wellhausen (We).

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: δυνάμεωσ δύναμιν δυνάμει δύναμισ ἰσχύι

LXX Usage Statistics

H2428:

δυνάμεωσ 46× (18.7%)

δύναμιν 39× (15.8%)

δυνάμει 23× (9.2%)

δύναμισ 22× (8.6%)

ἰσχύι 13× (5.3%)

ἰσχύοσ 7× (2.9%)

δυνατοί 7× (3.1%)

'' 6× (2.3%)

ἰσχὺν 6× (2.3%)

δυνάμεων 4× (1.6%)

נאם נְאֻם

he who whispers

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נאם

nᵉʼum

Definition

an oracle

Root

from H5001 (נאם);

Exhaustive

from נאם; an oracle; (hath) said, saith.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5002

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נְאֻם

noun / masculine • Root נאם • Strongs / High • Page 932

Declaration, oracle, prophecy, divine utterance.

BDB

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon

H5002

I. נְאֻם (approximate number of occurrences: 376) noun masculine — utterance (Ba¹ Kö² > older explanation as passive participle).

— always thus, as construct נְאֻם.

1. Utterance, declaration, revelation

Of a prophet in ecstatic state:

• נְאֻם בִּלְעָם Numbers 24:3, 15
• נְאֻם שֹׁמֵעַ אִמְרֵי אֵל Numbers 24:4, 6
• נְאֻם הַגֶּבֶר Numbers 24:3, 15; 2 Samuel 23:1; Proverbs 30:1
• נְאֻם דָּוִד 2 Samuel 23:1
• נְאֻם פֶּשַׁע Psalm 36:2 (transgression personified, speaking with prophetic voice בְּקֶרֶב לִבּוֺ)

2. Before divine names

Except Jeremiah 23:31 (see verb): נְאֻם יהוה utterance, declaration of יהוה (prophet citing divine word given through him):

• Genesis 22:16 (Jehovist Source)
• Numbers 14:28 (Priestly Source)
• 2 Kings 9:26 (twice in verse)
• 2 Kings 19:33 = Isaiah 37:34
• 2 Kings 22:19; 2 Chronicles 34:27
• Isaiah 14:22; Isaiah 30:1; Isaiah 31:9
• Ezekiel 13:6, 7; Ezekiel 16:58; Ezekiel 37:14
• Hosea 2:15; 18; 23; Hosea 11:11
• Joel 2:12
• Obadiah 4, 8
• Micah 4:6; Micah 5:9
• Zephaniah 1:2, 3, 10; Zephaniah 3:8
• Zechariah 8:17; Zechariah 10:12; Zechariah 11:6; Zechariah 12:1, 4; Zechariah 13:8
• Malachi 1:2
• Isaiah 40–66 (12 times); Jeremiah (162 times); Amos (14 times); Haggai (5 times); Zechariah 1–8 (6 times)

Followed by other divine titles:

• אלהי ישׂראל 1 Samuel 2:30; Isaiah 17:6
• יהוה אֱלֹהֵי (הַ)צְבָאוֺת Amos 6:8, 14
• נְאֻם יהוה צְבָאוֺת Isaiah 14:22, 23; 17:3; 22:25; Jeremiah 8:3; 25:29; 30:8; 49:26; Nahum 2:14; Nahum 3:5; Zechariah 13:2, 7 + Haggai (5 times); Zechariah 1–8 (7 times)
• Followed by אלהי ישׂראל Zephaniah 2:9
• נְאֻם הָאָדוֹן יהוה צְבָאוֺת Isaiah 1:24; 19:4
• נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יהוה אֶלֹהֵי הַצּבָאוֺת Amos 3:13
• נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יהוה צְבָאוֺת Isaiah 3:15; Jeremiah 49:5
• נְאֻם הַמֶּלֶךְ יהוה צְבָאוֺת Jeremiah 46:18; 48:15; 51:57
• נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יהוה Isaiah 56:8; Jeremiah 2:22; Amos 4:5; Amos 8:3, 9, 11 + Ezekiel (82 times)

נְאֻם begins sentence only in Isaiah 56:8; Psalm 110:1; often in middle Isaiah 49:18; Amos 3:10 +; most frequently at end Isaiah 54:17; Amos 2:11; Amos 4:3 +; found in all prophets except Habakkuk, Jonah; not in Holiness Code or Deuteronomic Source of Hexateuch, Chronicles (except in parallels to Kings), Daniel, Job or the five Megilloth.

¹ J. Barth, Die Nominalbildung in den semitischen Sprachen (1889-91), 82 e.

² Ed. König, Hist.-krit. Lehrgebäude d. Hebr. Sprache (1881-97), ii. 501.

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: λέγει φησὶν --- '' εἶπεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H5002:

λέγει 249× (69.2%)

φησὶν 33× (9.3%)

--- 25× (7.0%)

'' 23× (5.5%)

εἶπεν 13× (3.6%)

τάδε 12× (3.3%)

φησιν 2× (0.6%)

πιστὸσ 2× (0.5%)

אדני אֲדֹנָי

inner master of myself/pedastals

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אדני

ʼĂdônây

Definition

the Lord (used as a proper name of God only)

Root

an emphatic form of H113 (אדון);

Exhaustive

an emphatic form of אדון; the Lord (used as a proper name of God only); (my) Lord.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H136

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲדֹנָי

proper name • Strongs_Numbers • Page 591

Lord. A title used for God, whose vowel points were applied to the Tetragrammaton (יהוה) to create the form יְהוָה, guiding the reader to say 'Adonai' instead of pronouncing the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲדֹנָי

noun proper • Page 25

The Lord; used exclusively of God. An ancient plural termination used to distinguish from אֲדֹנַי (my lords). Gen. 18:3; Ex. 4:10; Is. 8:7; Job 28:28.

Noun proper name

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0136:

No stats available

יהוה יְהוִה׃

He Is

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יהוה

Yᵉhôvih

Definition

{YHWH}

Root

a variation of H3068 (יהוה) (used after H136 (אדני), and pronounced by Jews as H430 (אלהים), in order to prevent the repetition of the same sound, since they elsewhere pronounce H3068 (יהוה) as H136 (אדני))

Exhaustive

a variation of יהוה (used after אדני, and pronounced by Jews as אלהים, in order to prevent the repetition of the same sound, since they elsewhere pronounce יהוה as אדני); {YHWH}; God.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3069

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְהוָה

proper name • Root הוה היה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 591

The proper name of God in the Old Testament. The vowel points are a later addition, taken from the word אֲדֹנָי (Adonai), as the name was considered too sacred to be pronounced. Its etymology is connected to the verb 'to be', signifying 'the existing', 'the everlasting'.

Matched via consonantal key only

יְהוָֹה

noun / masculine • Root היה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 587

A characteristic name of God among the Hebrews, frequently used in post-Mosaic proper names.

Matched via consonantal key only

יְהֹוָה

noun masculine • Root יהה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 590

A pre-Mosaic old Semitic name of the supreme God, which was specially revealed for the older אֵל at the establishment of the Mosaic religion, as an abstract of all divine greatness and holiness.

Matched via consonantal key only

יֱהֹוִה

proper name • Root הוה היה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 591

A variant vocalization of the divine name, using the vowels of אֱלֹהִים (Elohim). This form is used when the divine name follows the word אֲדֹנָי (Adonai) to avoid the repetition of Adonai's vowels.

Matched via consonantal key only

יַהְוֶה

proper name • Consonantal / Medium • Page 591

A scholarly vocalization and proposed original pronunciation of the divine name.

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun proper name

LXX: κύριοσ κύριε θεόσ κυρίου θεὸσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3069:

κύριοσ 199× (74.1%)

κύριε 27× (10.0%)

θεόσ 16× (5.3%)

κυρίου 13× (4.6%)

θεὸσ 6× (1.8%)

κυρίῳ 3× (0.9%)

δέσποτα 2× (0.7%)

'' 2× (0.6%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Pharaoh shall see them, and he was comforted over all her multitude wounded of the sword, Pharaoh and all his army, says the Lord Jehovah. 32For I gave his terror in the land of the living: and he lay down in the midst of the uncircumcised with the wounded of the sword, Pharaoh and all her multitude, says the Lord Jehovah.

LITV Translation:
Pharaoh shall see them and be cheered over all his multitude, those slain by the sword, Pharaoh and all the army, declares the Lord Jehovah.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
King Pharaoh shall see them, and shall be comforted over all their force, saith the Lord God.