Esther 2:21

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

בימים בַּיָּמִים

within the Manifestations

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יום

yôwm

Definition

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb)

Root

from an unused root meaning to be hot;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverb); age, [phrase] always, [phrase] chronicals, continually(-ance), daily, ((birth-), each, to) day, (now a, two) days (agone), [phrase] elder, [idiom] end, [phrase] evening, [phrase] (for) ever(-lasting, -more), [idiom] full, life, as (so) long as (... live), (even) now, [phrase] old, [phrase] outlived, [phrase] perpetually, presently, [phrase] remaineth, [idiom] required, season, [idiom] since, space, then, (process of) time, [phrase] as at other times, [phrase] in trouble, weather, (as) when, (a, the, within a) while (that), [idiom] whole ([phrase] age), (full) year(-ly), [phrase] younger.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3117

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יוֹם

noun masculine • Root ימם • Strongs / High • Page 595

brightness, splendour, shining, light. hence 1. the day (the period of light), opposed to night; can also mean mid-day. 2. the civil day, including night.

יוֹם

noun masculine • Root יום • Strongs / High • Page 596

Day; also used metaphorically for a specific time or event, such as birth-day, day of punishment, day of death, the present time, or the end of life.

יוֹם

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root יום • Strongs / High • Page 596

Aramaic (Chaldee) word for 'day', with the same variety of senses as the Hebrew.

יוֹם

noun / masculine • Root ימם • Strongs / High • Page 612

1. clearness, light. 2. day (including the night). The plural form יָמִים can also mean a short time, an indefinite time, or a long time.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יוֹם

m. prim. dec. i. • Page 277

1. day. Phrases: הַיּוֹם (this day; to-day, 1 Sam. 12:17); בְּיוֹם (on the day when, Gen 2:17); כְּיוֹם (now, Gen. 25:31); יוֹם יוֹם (daily, Neh. 8:18); מִיּוֹם (from the day on, Ex. 10:6). Special uses: a day of misfortune (Obad. 12), a day of prosperity or festival (Hos. 7:5), and the day of Jehovah/judgment (Joel 1:15). 2. time generally (Gen. 39: 11).

יוֹם

noun masculine • Page 278

Day. (1) Specially days of one's life (Gen. 6:3, Gen. 43:9, Sam. 25:28). (2) Time generally (Gen. 47:8, Ex. 2:11, Judg. 18:1). (3) Some or several days (Neh. 1:4, Dan. 8:27, Gen. 40:4). (4) A year (Lev. 25:29, Judg. 17:10, 1 Sam. 2:19).

יוֹם

m. chald. • Page 278

Day, as in Heb. Plural יוֹמִין, emphatic יוֹמַיָּא. (Ezra 4:15, 19).

Preposition -Within Art, Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: ἡμέρᾳ ἡμέρασ σήμερον ἡμέραν ἡμερῶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3117:

ἡμέρᾳ 574× (20.2%)

ἡμέρασ 571× (23.8%)

σήμερον 204× (9.1%)

ἡμέραν 171× (6.9%)

ἡμερῶν 153× (6.4%)

ἡμέρα 135× (5.4%)

ἡμέραισ 133× (4.6%)

ἡμέραι 116× (4.7%)

--- 51× (2.4%)

'' 46× (1.8%)

ההם הָהֵם

of Themselves

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הם

hêm

Definition

they (only used when emphatic)

Root

or (prolonged) המה; masculine plural from H1981 (הלך);

Exhaustive

or (prolonged) המה; masculine plural from הלך; they (only used when emphatic); it, like, [idiom] (how, so) many (soever, more as) they (be), (the) same, [idiom] so, [idiom] such, their, them, these, they, those, which, who, whom, withal, ye.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1992

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הֵם

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 404

Personal pronoun, third person masculine plural: they.

הֵם

pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 405

Pronoun of the 3rd person plural masculine, they. Can also be used to express the verb 'to be' or with the article הָהֵם for emphasis, 'they themselves'.

Particle definite article, Pronoun personal third person masculine plural

LXX: αὐτοὶ οὗτοι εἰσιν ταῦτα ἐκείναισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1992:

αὐτοὶ 173× (27.9%)

οὗτοι 54× (8.8%)

εἰσιν 48× (7.8%)

ταῦτα 36× (6.1%)

ἐκείναισ 34× (5.8%)

ἐστιν 25× (4.1%)

--- 20× (3.4%)

αὐτῶν 12× (2.0%)

ἦσαν 11× (1.7%)

εἰσίν 11× (1.9%)

ומרדכי וּמָרְדֳּכַי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מרדכי

Mordᵉkay

Definition

Mordecai, an Israelite

Root

of foreign derivation;

Exhaustive

of foreign derivation; Mordecai, an Israelite; Mordecai.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4782

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מָרְדְּכַי

noun proper • Root מרד • Consonantal / Medium • Page 905

1. A man whose history is narrated in the book of Esther. 2. A man who returned with Zerubbabel.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מָרְדֳּכַי

proper name • Page 405

Proper name of a Jew living in Persia, who was the foster father of Esther, and afterwards vizier or prime-minister in the court of Ahasuerus. Est. ii.—x.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: μαρδοχαῖοσ μαρδοχαῖον μαρδοχαίῳ '' ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H4782:

μαρδοχαῖοσ 21× (32.4%)

μαρδοχαῖον 8× (14.2%)

μαρδοχαίῳ 8× (13.9%)

'' 7× (11.0%)

--- 5× (9.2%)

μαρδοχαίου 5× (8.7%)

μαρδοχαιοσ 2× (3.7%)

προστάγματα 2× (3.1%)

ישב יֹשֵׁב

he who sits

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ישב

yâshab

Definition

properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry; (make to) abide(-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell(-ing), ease self, endure, establish, [idiom] fail, habitation, haunt, (make to) inhabit(-ant), make to keep (house), lurking, [idiom] marry(-ing), (bring again to) place, remain, return, seat, set(-tle), (down-) sit(-down, still, -ting down, -ting (place) -uate), take, tarry.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3427

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָשַׁב

verb • Root ישב • Strongs / High • Page 656

To sit, remain, dwell. The fundamental meaning is to keep firmly in a place, to hold it firmly, to possess it, and therefore to sit. Piel (יִשֵּׁב): to pitch a dwelling. Hifil (הוֹשִׁיב): to cause to sit, to cause to dwell, to cause to be inhabited. Hophal (הוּשַׁב): to be inhabited, to be made to dwell, to be settled in.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָשַׁב

verb • Root ישב • Page 301

1. To seat one's self, to sit (Ps. 9:8, Ps. 80:2, Is. 37:16). Includes sitting as a judge (Ps. 9:8) or lying in wait (Ps. 10:8). 2. To continue (Gen. 24:55, 29:19, Hos. 3:3). 3. To dwell (Gen. 13:6, Gen. 4:20, Ps. 22:4). 4. Passive: to be inhabited or habitable (Is. 13:20, Jer. 17:6). Niph. נוֹשַׁב to be inhabited (Ex. 16:35).

Verb Qal participle active masculine singular absolute

LXX: κατοικοῦντασ κατοικοῦντεσ ἐκάθισεν ἐκάθισαν κατῴκησεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3427:

κατοικοῦντασ 88× (7.4%)

κατοικοῦντεσ 80× (6.4%)

ἐκάθισεν 61× (5.4%)

ἐκάθισαν 37× (3.4%)

κατῴκησεν 34× (3.1%)

ἐκάθητο 29× (2.8%)

κατῴκησαν 28× (2.6%)

κατῴκει 24× (2.3%)

κατοικοῦσιν 23× (2.0%)

κατοικεῖν 23× (2.2%)

בשער בְּשַׁעַר־

in the hand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שער

shaʻar

Definition

an opening, i.e. door or gate

Root

from H8176 (שער) in its original sense;

Exhaustive

from שער in its original sense; an opening, i.e. door or gate; city, door, gate, port ([idiom] -er).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8179

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שַׁעַר

noun masculine • Root שער • Strongs / High • Page 1466

1. Prop. cleft, aperture, a gate (of a city, camp, temple, palace, etc.). Often refers to a gate-building, a place of public resort or forum where trials were held and business transacted. Figuratively used for entrances (of heaven, deep, rivers). 2. A measure, hundredfold.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שֹׁעֵר

adjective • Page 694

vile, mean, detestable, spoken of figs. Jer. 29: 17.

שַׁעַר

com. gen. prim. • Root שער • Page 693

II. a gate, porta. In the gate the orientals have their market and their courts of judgment (Prov. 22:22, Amos 5:10). Thither the people assemble to pass away time (Gen. 19:1, Ps. 69:13). Lists various gates of Jerusalem including: the fountain-gate (Neh. 2:14), the dung-gate (Neh. 2:13), the valley-gate (Neh. 2:13), the corner-gate (Is. 31:38), the gate of Ephraim (Neh. 8:16), the old gate (Neh. 3:6), the first gate (Zech. 14:10), the fish-gate (Neh. 3:3), the sheep-gate (Neh. 3:1), the review-gate (Neh. 3:31), the horse-gate (Neh. 3:28), the water-gate (Neh. 3:26), and the prison-gate (Neh. 12:39).

שַׁעַר

verb • Root שער • Page 693

to think, estimate. Once Prov. 23:7. (Chald. שַׁעַר to measure. Arab. שער to fix a price.)

שַׁעַר

m. verbal • Root שער • Page 693

I. a measure. Once Gen. 26:12. מֵאָה שְׁעָרִים an hundred measures, i. e. an hundred fold.

Preposition, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πύλησ πύλην πύλαισ πύλῃ πύλη

LXX Usage Statistics

H8179:

πύλησ 104× (27.0%)

πύλην 43× (10.8%)

πύλαισ 27× (6.6%)

πύλῃ 26× (5.9%)

πύλη 24× (6.3%)

πύλαι 21× (5.4%)

'' 19× (4.9%)

πύλασ 18× (4.7%)

πόλεσίν 16× (3.6%)

πυλῶν 16× (3.8%)

המלך הַמֶּלֶךְ

the King

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלך

melek

Definition

a king

Root

from H4427 (מלך);

Exhaustive

from מלך; a king; king, royal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

masculine noun • Root מלך • Strongs / High • Page 859

A king, ruler; properly an abstract concept of rule or government, but commonly used concretely. It can refer to a king of a land, city, people, or tribe. The term is also applied to Jehovah, idols, and animals distinguished for strength. It can also mean an adviser or counsellor, and is used as a proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

noun masculine • Page 380

a king. Ezek. 26: 7. 'the king of kings,' a title of the king of Babylon. Spoken frequently of Jehovah, Ps. 5: 3, and of false gods, Am. 5: 26.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: βασιλεὺσ βασιλέωσ βασιλέα βασιλεῖ βασιλεῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4428:

βασιλεὺσ 631× (23.4%)

βασιλέωσ 546× (20.5%)

βασιλέα 419× (15.7%)

βασιλεῖ 196× (7.1%)

βασιλεῖσ 133× (4.9%)

βασιλεύσ 100× (3.5%)

--- 77× (3.2%)

'' 66× (2.3%)

βασιλέων 63× (2.4%)

βασιλεῦσιν 46× (1.6%)

קצף קָצַף

he has been enraged

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

קצף

qâtsaph

Definition

to crack off, i.e. (figuratively) burst out in rage

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to crack off, i.e. (figuratively) burst out in rage; (be) anger(-ry), displease, fret self, (provoke to) wrath (come), be wroth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7107

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קָצַף

verb • Root קצף • Strongs / High • Page 1290

I. intransitive verb, properly to snort, snuffle, storm; hence figuratively to be angry or wroth. (Hifil: to provoke anger; Hithpael: to fall into a rage).

קָצַף

verb • Root קצף • Strongs / High • Page 1291

I. (Targ. צְפַף for סוּפָה) to be angry, wroth. Similar is זָעַם.

קָצַף

verb • Root קצף • Strongs / High • Page 1291

II. (not used) tr. to break off, to break in pieces, to crack off, a dry branch; prop. only a collateral form of צָבַב, קָטַב; Arab. قَصَف to reduce to ruins, to break out or off.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

קָצַף

verb • Page 592

To be wroth or angry; construed with עַל, Gen. 40: 2. Hiph. to provoke to anger. Deut. 9: 7. Hithpa. to be angry.

Verb Qal perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ὠργίσθη ἐλυπήθη ἔσται ὠργίσθησ ἐλυπήθησαν

LXX Usage Statistics

H7107:

ὠργίσθη 3× (8.2%)

ἐλυπήθη 3× (7.7%)

ἔσται 2× (6.1%)

ὠργίσθησ 2× (6.1%)

ἐλυπήθησαν 2× (5.2%)

ἐθυμώθη 2× (5.2%)

בגתן בִּגְתָן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בגתן

Bigthân

Definition

Bigthan or Bigthana, a eunuch of Xerxes

Root

or בגתנא; of similar derivation to H903 (בגתא);

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H904

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בִּגְתָן

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 219

Persian proper name, masculine. A eunuch of Xerxes.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0904:

No stats available

ותרש וָתֶ֜רֶשׁ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

תרש

Teresh

Definition

Teresh, a eunuch of Xerxes

Root

of foreign derivation;

Exhaustive

of foreign derivation; Teresh, a eunuch of Xerxes; Teresh.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8657

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תֶּרֶשׁ

noun proper • Consonantal / Low • Page 1534

(Persian, strictness, or fear, reverence). N. p. of an eunuch at the Persian court (Esth. 2, 21; 6, 2).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

תָּרַשׁ

trans. verb • Root תרש • Consonantal / Low • Page 1534

(Not used) transitive: to fear, to reverence. Persian tarasiden the same. Deriv. חֲרֵשׁתָא and perhaps חֲרָשׁ.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

תָּרַשׁ

verb • Root תרש • Consonantal / Low • Page 1533

I. (not used) intr. to be hard, firm, Aram. תְּרֵץ; Arab. تَرَض, تَرْז, تَرَس the same.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H8657:

--- 2× (100.0%)

שני שְׁנֵי־

twofold/second

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שנים

shᵉnayim

Definition

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

Root

dual of H8145 (שני); feminine שתים;

Exhaustive

dual of שני; feminine שתים; two; also (as ordinal) twofold; both, couple, double, second, twain, [phrase] twelfth, [phrase] twelve, [phrase] twenty (sixscore) thousand, twice, two.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8147

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁנַיִם

numeral • Root שנה • Strongs / High • Page 1459

Two. (Masculine dual numeral, absolute state; construct state is שְׁנֵי). Used as a numeral, substitute, or adjective, referring to a pair or the double.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שְׁנַיִם

masc. dual • Root שנה • Page 691

two. Includes contracted forms שְׁנֵי and שְׁתֵּי used for the number twelve. References: Gen. 7: 9, 15; Gen. 2: 25.

Adjective cardinal number both dual construct

LXX: δύο δώδεκα '' δέκα ἀμφότεροι

LXX Usage Statistics

H8147:

δύο 437× (51.1%)

δώδεκα 72× (8.9%)

'' 47× (5.2%)

δέκα 35× (4.4%)

ἀμφότεροι 26× (3.3%)

ἀμφότερα 21× (2.7%)

εἴκοσι 19× (2.3%)

δυσὶν 16× (1.6%)

ἀμφοτέρων 15× (1.9%)

--- 13× (1.7%)

סריסי סָרִיסֵי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

סריס

çârîyç

Definition

a eunuch; by implication, valet (especially of the female apartments), and thus, a minister of state

Root

or סרס; from an unused root meaning to castrate;

Exhaustive

or סרס; from an unused root meaning to castrate; a eunuch; by implication, valet (especially of the female apartments), and thus, a minister of state; chamberlain, eunuch, officer. Compare רב־סריס.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5631

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

סָרִיס

c. • Strongs / High • Page 1037

1. One castrated or cut, a eunuch, a keeper and guard of the harem. 2. Metaphor. a minister of court, official, or military officer.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

סָרִיס

noun masculine • Page 483

1. An eunuch (Is. 56:3, 4). 2. A courtier or chamberlain generally (1 Sam. 8:15; 1 K. 22:9; Gen. 37:36).

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: εὐνοῦχον εὐνοῦχοι εὐνούχοισ εὐνοῦχοσ εὐνούχων

LXX Usage Statistics

H5631:

εὐνοῦχον 6× (15.6%)

εὐνοῦχοι 6× (14.0%)

εὐνούχοισ 4× (9.7%)

εὐνοῦχοσ 4× (9.3%)

εὐνούχων 4× (9.3%)

εὐνούχουσ 3× (6.2%)

ἀρχιευνοῦχοσ 2× (4.7%)

ἀρχιευνούχου 2× (4.2%)

ἀρχιευνούχῳ 2× (4.2%)

δυνάστασ 2× (4.2%)

המלך הַמֶּלֶךְ

the King

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלך

melek

Definition

a king

Root

from H4427 (מלך);

Exhaustive

from מלך; a king; king, royal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

masculine noun • Root מלך • Strongs / High • Page 859

A king, ruler; properly an abstract concept of rule or government, but commonly used concretely. It can refer to a king of a land, city, people, or tribe. The term is also applied to Jehovah, idols, and animals distinguished for strength. It can also mean an adviser or counsellor, and is used as a proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

noun masculine • Page 380

a king. Ezek. 26: 7. 'the king of kings,' a title of the king of Babylon. Spoken frequently of Jehovah, Ps. 5: 3, and of false gods, Am. 5: 26.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: βασιλεὺσ βασιλέωσ βασιλέα βασιλεῖ βασιλεῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4428:

βασιλεὺσ 631× (23.4%)

βασιλέωσ 546× (20.5%)

βασιλέα 419× (15.7%)

βασιλεῖ 196× (7.1%)

βασιλεῖσ 133× (4.9%)

βασιλεύσ 100× (3.5%)

--- 77× (3.2%)

'' 66× (2.3%)

βασιλέων 63× (2.4%)

βασιλεῦσιν 46× (1.6%)

משמרי מִשֹּׁמְרֵי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שמר

shâmar

Definition

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e. guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc.; beward, be circumspect, take heed (to self), keep(-er, self), mark, look narrowly, observe, preserve, regard, reserve, save (self), sure, (that lay) wait (for), watch(-man).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8104

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁמַר

verb • Root שמר • Strongs / High • Page 1452

I. (Verb) 1. To pierce, prick (of sharp points); metaphorically, to have a penetrating, sharp smell or pungent taste. 2. To be nimble or active, to act quickly, to be awake. 3. To keep, to watch (a garden, city, flock); to protect (fig., to be careful about one's speech).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁמַר

verb • Root שמר • Page 688

1. to keep, watch, guard. 1 Sam. 26:15, Ps. 121:7. Part. שֹׁמֵר a watchman, guard, Cant. 3:3. 2. to keep, preserve, lay up. Ex. 22:6. 3. to keep or retain (anger). Amos 1:11. 4. to watch, mark, observe. 1 Sam. 1:12, Ps. 17:4. 5. to observe, keep (e.g. a covenant, commands). Gen. 17:9, 1 K. 11:10. 6. to worship, reverence. Ps. 31:7, Hos. 4:10. 7. to watch, besiege (a city). 2 Sam. 11:16. Niph. to beware of, to be guarded. Josh. 6:18, Ps. 37:28. Pi. i. q. Kal. Jon. 2:9. Hithpa. to be observed. Mic. 6:16.

Prep-M, Verb Qal participle active masculine plural construct

LXX: φυλάσσειν φυλάξεσθε φυλάσσων φυλάξῃ ἐφύλαξεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H8104:

φυλάσσειν 29× (6.0%)

φυλάξεσθε 26× (5.2%)

φυλάσσων 18× (3.3%)

φυλάξῃ 16× (3.2%)

ἐφύλαξεν 14× (2.9%)

φυλάσσοντεσ 14× (2.8%)

πρόσεχε 14× (3.1%)

φυλάξω 13× (2.6%)

φυλάξασθε 12× (2.5%)

φύλαξαι 11× (2.4%)

הסף הַסַּף

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

סף

çaph

Definition

a vestibule (as a limit); also a dish (for holding blood or wine)

Root

from H5605 (ספף), in its original sense of containing;

Exhaustive

from ספף, in its original sense of containing; a vestibule (as a limit); also a dish (for holding blood or wine); bason, bowl, cup, door (post), gate, post, threshold.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5592

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

סַף

noun masculine • Root ספף • Strongs / High • Page 1029

1. a basin, dish, bowl, for receiving/containing. 2. Metaphor. entrance-space, i.e. the space between the posts. 3. (a preserver) proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

סַף

noun masculine • Page 479

1. the threshold (Judg. 19: 27; 2 K. 12: 10). 2. a basin (Ex. 12: 22; Zech. 12: 2).

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: σταθμὸν '' πρόθυρα θύραν

LXX Usage Statistics

H5592b:

σταθμὸν 4× (12.3%)

'' 3× (9.2%)

πρόθυρα 2× (5.6%)

θύραν 2× (5.1%)

ויבקשו וַיְבַקְשׁוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בקש

bâqash

Definition

to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after; ask, beg, beseech, desire, enquire, get, make inquisition, procure, (make) request, require, seek (for).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1245

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קַשׁ

noun masculine • Root קשש • Consonantal / Low • Page 1302

Dry straw, stubble, chaff; a figure of the worthless and contemptible.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בָּקַשׁ

verb • Page 112

1. to seek, quaero. Gen. 37:15, 16. 1 Sam. 10:14. to seek after, inquire into, Job 10:6. Construed with an infin. with and without ל, Ex. 2:15. 4:24. 1 Sam. 19:2. Jer. 26:21.

conjunctive, Verb Piel sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: ζητεῖ ζητῆσαι ἐζήτησαν ζητοῦντεσ ζητεῖν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1245:

ζητεῖ 15× (7.0%)

ζητῆσαι 13× (5.5%)

ἐζήτησαν 12× (5.4%)

ζητοῦντεσ 12× (4.8%)

ζητεῖν 10× (4.6%)

ἐζήτει 9× (3.8%)

ζητήσω 9× (4.2%)

ἐζήτησεν 8× (3.5%)

ζητεῖσ 8× (3.8%)

ζητήσατε 7× (3.1%)

לשלח לִשְׁלֹחַ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שלח

shâlach

Definition

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7971

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁלַח

verb • Root שלח • Strongs / High • Page 1431

To stretch out, spread, extend, pour out, or make spring forth (Kal); to be sent, dismissed, or let go; to be free, unrestrained; to be hunted, scared away, or forsaken.

שָׁלַח

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1432

The little brook flowing southward out of the fountain, referring to Siloah/Shelach, and the pool of Siloah.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁלַח

verb • Root שלח • Page 677

To send, stretch out, or set free. Continued from previous page: 2. to send a commission or charge (Prov. 26:6, Gen. 38:25). 3. to commission (2 Sam. 11:22, Is. 55:11). 4. to stretch out or put forth (Is. 58:9, Ps. 110:2, Gen. 3:22, Job 1:11). 5. to set free or let loose (Ps. 50:19).

Preposition, Verb Qal infinitive construct common

LXX: ἀπέστειλεν ἐξαπέστειλεν ἐξαποστελῶ ἀπέστειλα ἐξέτεινεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H7971:

ἀπέστειλεν 228× (24.0%)

ἐξαπέστειλεν 62× (6.6%)

ἐξαποστελῶ 25× (2.6%)

ἀπέστειλα 23× (2.5%)

ἐξέτεινεν 23× (2.4%)

ἀπέστειλαν 21× (2.1%)

αὐτούσ 19× (1.8%)

ἐξαποστεῖλαι 19× (2.1%)

ἀπέστειλέν 18× (2.1%)

ἀποστελῶ 17× (1.9%)

יד יָד

a hand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יד

yâd

Definition

a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),

Root

a primitive word; in distinction from H3709 (כף), the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows)

Exhaustive

a primitive word; in distinction from כף, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great variety of applications, both literally and figuratively, both proximate and remote (as follows); a hand (the open one (indicating power, means, direction, etc.),; ([phrase] be) able, [idiom] about, [phrase] armholes, at, axletree, because of, beside, border, [idiom] bounty, [phrase] broad, (broken-) handed, [idiom] by, charge, coast, [phrase] consecrate, [phrase] creditor, custody, debt, dominion, [idiom] enough, [phrase] fellowship, force, [idiom] from, hand(-staves, -y work), [idiom] he, himself, [idiom] in, labour, [phrase] large, ledge, (left-) handed, means, [idiom] mine, ministry, near, [idiom] of, [idiom] order, ordinance, [idiom] our, parts, pain, power, [idiom] presumptuously, service, side, sore, state, stay, draw with strength, stroke, [phrase] swear, terror, [idiom] thee, [idiom] by them, [idiom] themselves, [idiom] thine own, [idiom] thou, through, [idiom] throwing, [phrase] thumb, times, [idiom] to, [idiom] under, [idiom] us, [idiom] wait on, (way-) side, where, [phrase] wide, [idiom] with (him, me, you), work, [phrase] yield, [idiom] yourselves.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3027

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָד

noun / feminine • Root ידה • Strongs / High • Page 577

The hand, as that which lays hold of or seizes. Can also refer to the arm. It is used in a wide variety of metaphorical and technical senses, including assistance, power, custody, and human cooperation. Dual form: יָדַיִם, plural form: יָדוֹת.

יָד

noun / feminine • Root יד • Strongs / High • Page 578

The hand. It is used in a wide variety of literal and figurative senses, including: force, violence; divine power, punishment, or inspiration (the 'hand of God'); a sign of assurance or a pledge ('giving the hand'); a medium of action or agency; guidance and oversight; possession; power and might; mediation ('by the hand of').

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָד

com. gen. • Page 270

1. The hand. Phrases include: assisting someone (1 Sam. 22:17), divine destruction (Ex. 9:3), divine inspiration or prophecy (Ezek. 1:3, Jer. 15:17), promising or striking hands (Ezra 10:19), and submission (2 Chr. 30:8, Ezek. 17:18). 2. Metaphorical uses: without human aid (Dan. 8:25), from generation to generation (Prov. 11:21). 3. Prepositional combinations: 'in the hand of' or 'by' (1 Sam. 14:34), 'through' (Num. 15:23), 'into the power or charge of' (Gen. 9:2, Ps. 95:7), 'before' (1 Sam. 21:14), and 'because of' (Job 8:4, Is. 64:6).

יָד

noun • Page 271

Definitions continued from previous page: 1. into the hand or hands of any one; through (Jer. 18:21). Plur. יָדוֹת: artificial hands, tenons, axle-trees. 2. the arm. 3. metaphorically, might, power, aid (Ex. 14:30, Deut. 32:36). 4. manner (1 K. 10:13, Ezra 3:10). 5. side, near (1 Sam. 19:3). Dual יָדַיִם: sides. Plur. יָדוֹת: ledges, side railings. 6. place (Deut. 23:13). 7. part (Dan. 12:7). 8. a monument, trophy (1 Sam. 15:12).

יָד

noun • Root יד • Page 271

Chaldee; equivalent to Hebrew יָד, hand. Emphatic state: יְדָא.

יָד

noun • Page 282

Mentioned in 1 Sam. 4:13 Kethib as an evident corruption for יַד (on the side), which stands in the Keri.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: χεῖρασ χειρὶ χειρὸσ χεῖρα χειρῶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H3027:

χεῖρασ 218× (12.8%)

χειρὶ 215× (12.3%)

χειρὸσ 169× (10.0%)

χεῖρα 139× (8.4%)

χειρῶν 100× (6.0%)

χεῖρά 87× (5.3%)

χεὶρ 75× (4.7%)

χερσὶν 61× (3.3%)

χειρί 55× (2.8%)

χειρόσ 50× (2.9%)

במלך בַּמֶּלֶךְ

within the King

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלך

melek

Definition

a king

Root

from H4427 (מלך);

Exhaustive

from מלך; a king; king, royal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

masculine noun • Root מלך • Strongs / High • Page 859

A king, ruler; properly an abstract concept of rule or government, but commonly used concretely. It can refer to a king of a land, city, people, or tribe. The term is also applied to Jehovah, idols, and animals distinguished for strength. It can also mean an adviser or counsellor, and is used as a proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

noun masculine • Page 380

a king. Ezek. 26: 7. 'the king of kings,' a title of the king of Babylon. Spoken frequently of Jehovah, Ps. 5: 3, and of false gods, Am. 5: 26.

Preposition -Within Art, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: βασιλεὺσ βασιλέωσ βασιλέα βασιλεῖ βασιλεῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4428:

βασιλεὺσ 631× (23.4%)

βασιλέωσ 546× (20.5%)

βασιλέα 419× (15.7%)

βασιλεῖ 196× (7.1%)

βασιλεῖσ 133× (4.9%)

βασιλεύσ 100× (3.5%)

--- 77× (3.2%)

'' 66× (2.3%)

βασιλέων 63× (2.4%)

βασιλεῦσιν 46× (1.6%)

אחשורש אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אחשורוש

ʼĂchashvêrôwsh

Definition

Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes, but in this case Xerxes), the title (rather than name) of a Persian king

Root

or (shortened) אחשרש (Esther 10:1); of Persian origin;

Exhaustive

or (shortened) אחשרש (Esther 10:1); of Persian origin; Achashverosh (i.e. Ahasuerus or Artaxerxes, but in this case Xerxes), the title (rather than name) of a Persian king; Ahasuerus.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H325

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ

noun proper • Strongs_Numbers • Page 105

Proper noun or title of a Persian king (generally identified with Xerxes).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ

noun proper • Page 41

a name or title which is given to several different Persian kings. Dan. 9:1. Ezra 4:6. Est. 1:1. Signification is uncertain, likely involving the Persian elements for 'excellence' or 'prince'.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0325:

No stats available

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
In those days, and Mordecai sat in the gate of the king, Bigthan was angry, and Teresh, two eunuchs of the king watching the threshold; and they will seek to stretch forth the hand against the king Ahasuerus.

LITV Translation:
In those days, while Mordecai sat in the king's gate, two of the king's eunuchs, Bigthan and Teresh, of those who guarded the threshold, were angry, and sought to stretch out a hand against king Ahasuerus.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And two chamberlains of the king, the chiefs of the bodyguard, were grieved, because Mordecai was promoted; and they sought to kill King Artaxerxes.