Deuteronomy 32:12

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

יהוה יְהוָה

He Is

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יהוה

Yᵉhôvâh

Definition

Jehovah, Jewish national name of God

Root

from H1961 (היה); (the) self-Existent or Eternal;

Exhaustive

from היה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יה, יהוה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3068

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

noun masculine • Root יהה • Strongs / High • Page 590

A pre-Mosaic old Semitic name of the supreme God, which was specially revealed for the older אֵל at the establishment of the Mosaic religion, as an abstract of all divine greatness and holiness.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

proper name • Page 275

The proper name of the deity among the ancient Hebrews. Interpreted as 'the eternal, unchangeable, true' or 'he who is as he shall be.' The text discusses various ancient pronunciations (IAΩ, IABE, IETΩ) and its derivation from the future of הָיָה.

Noun proper name

LXX: κύριοσ κυρίου κυρίῳ κύριον κύριε

LXX Usage Statistics

H3068:

κύριοσ 2605× (41.8%)

κυρίου 1742× (27.8%)

κυρίῳ 598× (8.8%)

κύριον 473× (7.1%)

κύριε 336× (5.4%)

--- 129× (2.1%)

'' 95× (1.3%)

θεὸσ 76× (1.0%)

θεοῦ 69× (0.9%)

θεῷ 28× (0.4%)

בדד בָּדָד

separated one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בדד

bâdâd

Definition

separate; adverb, separately

Root

from H909 (בדד);

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H910

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֲּדַד

noun proper • Lemma_Lookup • Page 220

Proper name of an Edomite royal family; dedicated to Adad

בָּדַד

verb • Root בדד • Lemma_Lookup • Page 220

I. intr. to be separated, forsaken, solitary

בָּדַד

verb • Root בדד • Lemma_Lookup • Page 220

II. (not used) intr. to be interwoven, intertwined, spoken of twigs, of ropes of yarn

בָּדַד

verb • Root בדד • Lemma_Lookup • Page 220

III. (not used) same as בָּדָא (to invent)

בָּדָד

noun masculine • Root בדד • Lemma_Lookup • Page 220

solitariness, separation, wasteness, only as adverb (noun in accusat.) solitarily, desolately, alone

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בָּדַד

verb • Page 86

To separate one's self. Part. בּוֹדֵד solitary, separate.

בָּדָד

verb • Root בדד • Page 87

The being separate or alone. Ps. 102: 8. Hos. 8: 9. Hence לְבָדָד and בָּדָד adv. alone. Jer. 49: 31. The idea of desolation is also implied.

בָּדָד

noun • Root בדד • Page 86

To lie, boast; kindred with בָּדָא to imagine, invent.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0910:

No stats available

ינחנו יַנְחֶנּוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נחה

nâchâh

Definition

to guide; by implication, to transport (into exile, or as colonists)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to guide; by implication, to transport (into exile, or as colonists); bestow, bring, govern, guide, lead (forth), put, straiten.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5148

ו

Definition

him, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9033

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָחָה

verb • Root נחה • Strongs / High • Page 929

A root that interchanges with יָנַח, showing y/n interchange.

נָחָה

verb • Root נחה • Strongs / High • Page 959

transitive verb; to guide, to lead.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נָחָה

verb • Root נחה • Page 435

In Kal and Hiph. to lead, guide. Frequently of God who leads men. (Ex. 32:34, Num. 23:7, Ps. 5:9, 27:11, 31:4, Job 12:23)

Verb Hiphil imperfect third person masculine singular, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: αὐτοὺσ ὡδήγησεν ὁδηγήσει ὡδήγησασ ὁδήγησόν

LXX Usage Statistics

H5148:

αὐτοὺσ 7× (10.8%)

ὡδήγησεν 5× (9.2%)

ὁδηγήσει 4× (8.1%)

ὡδήγησασ 3× (6.1%)

ὁδήγησόν 3× (5.5%)

ὡδήγησάσ 2× (4.0%)

ὁδηγήσεισ 2× (4.0%)

αὐτούσ 2× (3.4%)

αὐτά 2× (3.1%)

---% 2× (3.1%)

ואין וְאֵין

and there is not

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אין

ʼayin

Definition

a non-entity; generally used as a negative particle

Root

as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not exist;

Exhaustive

as if from a primitive root meaning to be nothing or not exist; a non-entity; generally used as a negative particle; else, except, fail, (father-) less, be gone, in(-curable), neither, never, no (where), none, nor, (any, thing), not, nothing, to nought, past, un(-searchable), well-nigh, without. Compare אין.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H369

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אַיִן

adverb • Strongs_Numbers • Page 115

I. Interrogative adverb: where? Correlative to the words אָן and אֵי.

אַיִן

adv. / adjective • Strongs_Numbers • Page 115

II. A word of negation; primitive meaning sometimes an adverb (not, non), sometimes an adjective (none).

אַיִן

substantive / adv. • Strongs_Numbers • Page 116

Nothing, not, there is not; negation of existence. (Absolute state)

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֵין

substantive / adv. of negation • Root אין • Page 45

Properly a substantive meaning nothingness, defect, or non-existence. Used as an adverb of negation: 1. not, including the verb 'to be' (Gen. 37:29, Num. 14:42). 2. Used to signify 'to not be' or 'not to exist' (1 Sam. 9:4, 1 K. 18:10). 3. nothing (Ps. 19:7). 4. without (Ex. 21:11, Joel 1:6). 5. Combined with prepositions (Prov. 8:24, Ezek. 38:11).

אֵין

adv. of interr. • Root אי • Page 45

Where? Equivalent to אֵי or אַי with paragogic ן. Found only with the prefix מִ, as in מֵאַיִן meaning 'whence?' (Gen. 29:4).

אֵין

adverb • Page 45

Found only in 1 Sam. 21:9. Equivalent to the negative אֵין, but used interrogatively for הַאֵין meaning 'is there not?'.

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0369:

No stats available

עמו עִמּוֹ

people of himself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עם

ʻim

Definition

adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)

Root

from H6004 (עמם);

Exhaustive

from עמם; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English); accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5973

ו

Definition

him, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9033

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִם

name element • Root אם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

(In united words like עַמִּי, עֲמִדָּה). Element peculiar to personal names, generally referring to God, signifying uniter, gatherer, binder together, or family-founder. Interchangeable with אֵל, אָב, אָח, and אִם.

עִם

particle / preposition / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

A particle/preposition meaning with, cum, beside, by, expressing communion, union, conjunction, or accompaniment. Also functions as a sign of coordination (and).

עִם

preposition / adverb / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Among, between, inter, in medio, apud, with; in the midst of; notwithstanding. (When combined with מִן (מֵעִם): away from, from near, out of the possession of, from, according to the mind of.)

עִם

aramaic preposition / conjunction (aramaic) • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Aramaic preposition/conjunction: together with; with (e.g., the clouds of heaven, meaning riding on a cloud); of time, so long as, as long as, like; by (e.g., by night).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עִם

preposition • Page 512

used only as a preposition. 1. with. Gen. 27: 44. Ex. 22: 29. עִם זֶה with all this, notwithstanding this, Neh. 5: 18. עִם שֶׁמֶשׁ so long as the sun shall endure, Ps. 72: 5. 2. before; e. g. עִם אֵל before God, Job 9: 2. 27: 13. 3. against; e. g. נִלְחַם עִם to fight against.

עִם

preposition • Page 513

with; also in, e.g. עִם לֵילְיָא in the night (Dan. 7:2); עִם דָּר וְדָר so long as the generations of men last (Dan. 3:33, 4:31).

Preposition Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: μετὰ μετ' μεθ' ἐμοῦ ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H5973a:

μετὰ 252× (26.0%)

μετ' 226× (22.7%)

μεθ' 68× (6.9%)

ἐμοῦ 55× (4.8%)

--- 31× (3.2%)

παρὰ 30× (3.1%)

παρ' 24× (2.5%)

πρὸσ 23× (2.4%)

'' 22× (1.9%)

ἀπὸ 20× (2.1%)

אל אֵל

toward

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אל

ʼêl

Definition

strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity)

Root

shortened from H352 (איל);

Exhaustive

shortened from איל; strength; as adjective, mighty; especially the Almighty (but used also of any deity); God (god), [idiom] goodly, [idiom] great, idol, might(-y one), power, strong. Compare names in '-el.'

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H410

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵל

pronominal stem • Strongs_Numbers • Page 127

Aramaic demonstrative pronoun, same as Hebrew II. in a variety of senses.

אֵל

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 127

God (used in proper names like טָבְאֵל).

אֵל

noun • Strongs_Numbers • Page 127

Used as a groundform for אַלִי.

אֵל

pronoun demonstrative • Root אלה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 129

Pronominal stem abridged from 'ela, a demonstrative vocable. Demonstrative pronoun plural 'these'. A stronger form than 'ela, namely 'elle. Often found with the article הָאֵל (these).

אֵל

pronoun • Root אלה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 129

Aramaic equivalent to the Hebrew אֵל II. Found only in Ezr. 5, 15 K'ri, for which the K'tib has אֵלֶּה synonymous with the Targumic אִלֵּךְ.

אֵל

noun masculine • Root איל אול • Strongs_Numbers • Page 129

A very old Semitic name of the highest deity, which already appears in the pre-historic period: God. Stands both for the God of the Hebrews (Jehovah), gods of another nation, or idols. Also means 'strong' or 'mighty'.

אֵל

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 130

God, Deity; applied to the true God, pagan gods, or in proper names. Also denotes strength, might, or power (e.g., in the phrase 'it is in the power of my hand').

אֵל

pronom. stem • Strongs_Numbers • Page 131

Collateral form of pronoun demonstrative אֵל (these).

אֵל

pronom. stem • Strongs_Numbers • Page 131

Construct of אֶל I. (preposition 'to', 'towards').

אֵל

abbreviation • Strongs_Numbers • Page 131

An abbreviation of God in proper names, e.g. אֶלְעָלָא, אֶלְזָבָד.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶל

chald. • Page 49

Chald. idem. [to Hebrew אַל]. Dan. 2: 24.

אֶל

preposition • Page 50

Primary preposition meaning: 1. to (sign of the dative); 2. towards, even to (Num. 24:1); 3. at, on, near (1 K. 13:20); 4. about, concerning (Gen. 20:2); 5. in, into (Gen. 8:9); 6. among (1 Sam. 10:22); 7. through (Ezek. 44:7); 8. for, on account of (1 K. 14:5); 9. in combination with other prepositions implies direction.

אֵל

m. verbal / dec. i. a. • Root אול • Page 49

1. strong, mighty (Ezek. 31:11). 2. strength, power (Gen. 31:29; Prov. 3:27). 3. most frequently God, applied both to Jehovah and heathen gods (Is. 44:10).

אֵל

pronoun • Page 49

pronoun plural; i. q. אֵלֶּה [these]. Also appears in the form הָאֵל.

אֵל

chald. • Page 50

Chald. idem. Ezra 5:15 Keri.

Noun common both singular construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0410:

No stats available

נכר נֵכָר׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נכר

nêkâr

Definition

foreign, or (concretely) a foreigner, or (abstractly) heathendom

Root

' from H5234 (נכר);

Exhaustive

' from נכר; foreign, or (concretely) a foreigner, or (abstractly) heathendom; alien, strange ([phrase] -er).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5236

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נֵכָר

noun masculine • Root נכר • Strongs / High • Page 972

Anything strange; a strange land, opposite to home; a heathen or non-Israelite; a heathen land, god, woman, or worship.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נֵכָר

verb • Root נכר • Page 445

Foreignness, a strange place (Deut. 31:16); a stranger (Gen. 17:12, 27; Ex. 12:43). Also used for an enemy (Ps. 18:45, 46) and strange gods (Gen. 35:2).

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ἀλλοτρίουσ ἀλλότριοι ἀλλοτρίων ἀλλοτρίου ἀλλογενὴσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5236:

ἀλλοτρίουσ 7× (17.3%)

ἀλλότριοι 5× (14.2%)

ἀλλοτρίων 4× (10.9%)

ἀλλοτρίου 3× (8.5%)

ἀλλογενὴσ 3× (8.1%)

ἀλλογενῶν 2× (5.7%)

ἀλλογενεῖσ 2× (5.7%)

ἀλλοτρίοισ 2× (5.7%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Jehovah alone will lead him, And no strange god with him.

LITV Translation:
Jehovah alone led him, and there was no strange god with him.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
The Lord alone led them, There was no strange god with them.