Deuteronomy 28:28

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

יככה יַכְּכָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נכה

nâkâh

Definition

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively); beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5221

ך

Definition

you, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 2nd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 2nd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9031

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָכָה

verb • Root נך • Strongs / High • Page 969

(Kal not used) tr. to strike, to hurt, to injure, hence to destroy, to kill; figurat. to strike down, to vex. Nif. (נִכָּה) to be smitten or slain. Pih. (נִכָּה) to smite, to make war upon. Puh. (נֻכָּה) to be smitten.

נָכָה

verb • Root נכה • Strongs / High • Page 970

To be smitten, to be beaten down. Hif. (הִכָּה): to strike, smite, chastise, torment, punish, kill, tear in pieces, destroy, afflict. Hof. (הֻכָּה, pass. of Hif.): to be beaten, chastised, punished, visited, killed, stormed, conquered.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נָכָה

verb • Page 442

in Kal not used.

Verb Hiphil imperfect third person masculine singular, Suffix pronominal second person masculine singular

LXX: ἐπάταξεν ἐπάταξαν αὐτοὺσ πατάξῃ πατάξω

LXX Usage Statistics

H5221:

ἐπάταξεν 157× (28.3%)

ἐπάταξαν 38× (6.9%)

αὐτοὺσ 29× (4.3%)

πατάξῃ 19× (3.4%)

πατάξω 18× (3.4%)

πατάξαι 17× (3.3%)

'' 14× (2.4%)

ἐπάταξα 11× (2.1%)

ἐπάταξασ 11× (2.2%)

πατάξεισ 10× (1.8%)

יהוה יְהוָה

He Is

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יהוה

Yᵉhôvâh

Definition

Jehovah, Jewish national name of God

Root

from H1961 (היה); (the) self-Existent or Eternal;

Exhaustive

from היה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יה, יהוה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3068

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

noun masculine • Root יהה • Strongs / High • Page 590

A pre-Mosaic old Semitic name of the supreme God, which was specially revealed for the older אֵל at the establishment of the Mosaic religion, as an abstract of all divine greatness and holiness.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

proper name • Page 275

The proper name of the deity among the ancient Hebrews. Interpreted as 'the eternal, unchangeable, true' or 'he who is as he shall be.' The text discusses various ancient pronunciations (IAΩ, IABE, IETΩ) and its derivation from the future of הָיָה.

Noun proper name

LXX: κύριοσ κυρίου κυρίῳ κύριον κύριε

LXX Usage Statistics

H3068:

κύριοσ 2605× (41.8%)

κυρίου 1742× (27.8%)

κυρίῳ 598× (8.8%)

κύριον 473× (7.1%)

κύριε 336× (5.4%)

--- 129× (2.1%)

'' 95× (1.3%)

θεὸσ 76× (1.0%)

θεοῦ 69× (0.9%)

θεῷ 28× (0.4%)

בשגעון בְּשִׁגָּעוֹן

in the hand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שגעון

shiggâʻôwn

Definition

craziness

Root

from H7696 (שגע);

Exhaustive

from שגע; craziness; furiously, madness.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7697

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שִׁגָּעוֹן

noun masculine • Root שגע • Strongs / High • Page 1384

madness, insanity; mad haste.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שִׁגָּעוֹן

noun masculine • Root שגע • Page 655

Madness (Deut. 28:28; 2 K. 9:20).

Preposition, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H7697:

No stats available

ובעורון וּבְעִוָּרוֹן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עורון

ʻivvârôwn

Definition

blindness

Root

and (feminine) עורת; from H5787 (עור);

Exhaustive

and (feminine) עורת; from עור; blindness; blind(-ness).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5788

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִוָּרוֹן

noun masculine • Root עור • Consonantal / Low • Page 1070

Blindness, metaphorically.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עִוָּרוֹן

m. verbal n. • Root עור • Page 498

Blindness. Deut. 28:28; Zech. 12:4.

Conjunction, Preposition, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H5788a:

No stats available

ובתמהון וּבְתִמְהוֹן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

תמהון

timmâhôwn

Definition

consternation

Root

from H8539 (תמה);

Exhaustive

from תמה; consternation; astonishment.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8541

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תִּמָּהוֹן

noun masculine • Consonantal / Low • Page 1516

timidity, astonishment, fear.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תִּמָּהוֹן

m. verbal • Root תמה • Page 718

Astonishment, fear, terrour. Verse references: Deut. 28:28; Zech. 12:4.

Conjunction, Preposition, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: ἐκστάσει

LXX Usage Statistics

H8541:

ἐκστάσει 2× (100.0%)

לבב לֵבָב׃

heart

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

לבב

lêbâb

Definition

the heart (as the most interior organ);

Root

from H3823 (לבב); used also like H3820 (לב)

Exhaustive

from לבב; used also like לב; the heart (as the most interior organ); [phrase] bethink themselves, breast, comfortably, courage, ((faint), (tender-) heart(-ed), midst, mind, [idiom] unawares, understanding.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3824

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

לֵבָב

noun / masculine • Root לבב • Strongs / High • Page 763

The heart; a common variant or 'resolved form' of לֵב, with the same range of physical and metaphorical meanings.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

לֵבָב

noun masculine • Page 339

The heart. Const. לְבַב, plur. לְבָבִים.

לֵבָב

noun masculine • Root לב • Page 339

Heart; see לֵב.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: καρδίᾳ καρδίασ καρδίαν καρδία καρδίαισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3824:

καρδίᾳ 64× (23.4%)

καρδίασ 48× (18.9%)

καρδίαν 47× (17.6%)

καρδία 39× (14.4%)

καρδίαισ 8× (2.6%)

διανοίᾳ 6× (2.1%)

ψυχῇ 5× (1.8%)

ψυχὴ 4× (1.5%)

'' 4× (1.5%)

αὐτῆσ 4× (1.2%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Jehovah will strike thee with madness and with blindness and with astonishment of heart;

LITV Translation:
Jehovah shall strike you with madness, and with blindness, and with astonishment of heart.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
The Lord smite thee with insanity, and blindness, and astonishment of mind.