Deuteronomy 14:18

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

והחסידה וְהָחֲסִידָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חסידה

chăçîydâh

Definition

the kind (maternal) bird, i.e. a stork

Root

feminine of H2623 (חסיד);

Exhaustive

feminine of חסיד; the kind (maternal) bird, i.e. a stork; [idiom] feather, stork.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2624

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֲסִידָה

feminine noun • Root חסד • Strongs / High • Page 509

Name of an unclean bird, likely a stork or heron, noted for its affection to its young. Derived from its pious nature.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חֲסִידָה

noun feminine • Root חסיד • Page 239

strictly (avis) pia, the stork; a bird celebrated by the ancients for its affection towards its parents. (Lev. 11:19, Deut. 14:18, Ps. 104:17)

Conjunction, Particle definite article, Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX: ασιδα

LXX Usage Statistics

H2624:

ασιδα 2× (30.3%)

והאנפה וְהָאֲנָפָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אנפה

ʼănâphâh

Definition

an unclean bird, perhaps the parrot (from its irascibility)

Root

from H599 (אנף);

Exhaustive

from אנף; an unclean bird, perhaps the parrot (from its irascibility); heron.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H601

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲנָפָה

noun feminine • Root אנף • Strongs_Numbers • Page 164

Parrot; or a sort of eagle; sandpiper. An unclean bird so called from its irascibility.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲנָפָה

noun feminine • Page 61

an unclean bird of several species. Lev. 11:19. Deut. 14:18. Sept. χαράדריος. C. V. heron.

Conjunction, Particle definite article, Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0601:

No stats available

למינה לְמִינָהּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מין

mîyn

Definition

a sort, i.e. species

Root

from an unused root meaning to portion out;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to portion out; a sort, i.e. species; kind. Compare מן.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4327

ה

Definition

her, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person feminine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person feminine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9024

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִין

stem • Root מין • Strongs / High • Page 845

A stem assumed for מַיִן, קַיִן, etc. See קוּן.

מִין

noun masculine • Root מין • Strongs / High • Page 845

A dividing, separation; hence species, kind, sex.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִין

noun masculine • Page 372

Sort, kind, species. (Gen. 1:11; Lev. 11:15).

Preposition, Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person feminine singular

LXX: γένοσ ὅμοια --- καθ'

LXX Usage Statistics

H4327:

γένοσ 16× (52.0%)

ὅμοια 11× (29.4%)

--- 2× (7.6%)

καθ' 2× (5.7%)

והדוכיפת וְהָדּוּכִיפַת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

דוכיפת

dûwkîyphath

Definition

the hoopoe or else the grouse

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; the hoopoe or else the grouse; lapwing.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1744

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דּוּכִיפַת

noun / feminine • Root דכך • Strongs / High • Page 360

the name of an unclean bird, identified as the hoopoe.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דּוּכִיפַת

noun feminine • Page 159

Name of an unclean bird; hoopoe (Lev. 11:19, Deut. 14:18). Etymology suggests 'mountain cock' or 'dung-cock'.

Conjunction, Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H1744:

No stats available

והעטלף וְהָעֲטַלֵּף׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עטלף

ʻăṭallêph

Definition

a bat

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a bat; bat.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5847

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֲטַלֵּף

noun masculine • Root עטל • Consonantal / Low • Page 1078

Bat (the name of a bird that lives in holes of old buildings).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֲטַלֵּף

m. dec. vii. f. • Page 502

a bat. Lev. 11:19, Is. 2:20. Perhaps compounded of caliginosa fuit nox and עוף volans.

Conjunction, Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: νυκτερίδα

LXX Usage Statistics

H5847:

νυκτερίδα 2× (70.8%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And the stork, and the sand-piper, according to her kind; the hoopoe and the bat.

LITV Translation:
and the stork, and the heron after its kind, and the hoopoe, and the bat.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
and the pelican, and the diver and the like to it, and the redbill and the bat.