Amos 2:2

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ושלחתי וְשִׁלַּחְתִּי־

and I have sent forth

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שלח

shâlach

Definition

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7971

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁלַח

verb • Root שלח • Strongs / High • Page 1431

To stretch out, spread, extend, pour out, or make spring forth (Kal); to be sent, dismissed, or let go; to be free, unrestrained; to be hunted, scared away, or forsaken.

שָׁלַח

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1432

The little brook flowing southward out of the fountain, referring to Siloah/Shelach, and the pool of Siloah.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁלַח

verb • Root שלח • Page 677

To send, stretch out, or set free. Continued from previous page: 2. to send a commission or charge (Prov. 26:6, Gen. 38:25). 3. to commission (2 Sam. 11:22, Is. 55:11). 4. to stretch out or put forth (Is. 58:9, Ps. 110:2, Gen. 3:22, Job 1:11). 5. to set free or let loose (Ps. 50:19).

conjunctive, Verb Piel sequential perfect first person common singular

LXX: ἀπέστειλεν ἐξαπέστειλεν ἐξαποστελῶ ἀπέστειλα ἐξέτεινεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H7971:

ἀπέστειλεν 228× (24.0%)

ἐξαπέστειλεν 62× (6.6%)

ἐξαποστελῶ 25× (2.6%)

ἀπέστειλα 23× (2.5%)

ἐξέτεινεν 23× (2.4%)

ἀπέστειλαν 21× (2.1%)

αὐτούσ 19× (1.8%)

ἐξαποστεῖλαι 19× (2.1%)

ἀπέστειλέν 18× (2.1%)

ἀποστελῶ 17× (1.9%)

אש אֵשׁ

fire

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אש

ʼêsh

Definition

fire (literally or figuratively)

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; fire (literally or figuratively); burning, fiery, fire, flaming, hot.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H784

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵשׁ

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 195

Man. Found only in the construct state in compound proper names (e.g., אֶשְׁבַּע).

אֵשׁ

noun feminine • Root אשש • Strongs_Numbers • Page 195

Fire (as an element); lightning; flame of wrath; war-fire. Metaphorically means to burn with fire.

אֵשׁ

noun masculine • Root איש • Strongs_Numbers • Page 196

Man (an abridged construct form of אִישׁ)

אֵשׁ

unknown • Strongs_Numbers • Page 1363

Example of interchange with ר (Resh).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶשׁ

emph. אֶשָּׁא / chald. • Root אש • Page 75

Idem (same as Hebrew אֵשׁ fire). Dan. 7:11.

אֻשׁ

plur. אֻשִּׁין / chald. • Page 75

Foundation. Only Ezra 4: 12. 5: 16. 6: 3.

אֵשׁ

com. gen. • Page 75

1. fire—'fire of God' (lightening), Job 1:16. Figuratively the scorching heat of the sun, Joel 1:19, 20. 2. shining, glittering; e. g. of steel, Nah. 2:4.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0784:

No stats available

במואב בְּמוֹאָב

in the hand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מואב

Môwʼâb

Definition

Moab, an incestuous son of Lot; also his territory and descendants

Root

from a prolonged form of the prepositional prefix m-and H1 (אב); from (her (the mother's)) father;

Exhaustive

from a prolonged form of the prepositional prefix m-and אב; from (her (the mother's)) father; Moab, an incestuous son of Lot; also his territory and descendants; Moab.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4124

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מוֹאָב

proper name • Root מים אב , אוה • Strongs / High • Page 820

A proper name for: 1. A son of Lot. 2. The people descended from him, the Moabites. 3. The land of Moab.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מוֹאָב

noun proper • Page 360

Moab, Moabitis; a people and country on the east side of the Dead Sea. Jer. 48: 11, 13; Deut. 34: 1, 8; Num. 22: 1. Also mentions the gentile noun מוֹאָבִי.

Preposition, Noun proper name

LXX: μωαβ '' μωαβίτιδοσ μωαβῖτισ μωαβιτῶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H4124:

μωαβ 158× (88.6%)

'' 6× (3.0%)

μωαβίτιδοσ 5× (2.6%)

μωαβῖτισ 4× (2.0%)

μωαβιτῶν 2× (1.2%)

αραβωθ 2× (1.0%)

ואכלה וְאָכְלָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אכל

ʼâkal

Definition

to eat (literally or figuratively)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to eat (literally or figuratively); [idiom] at all, burn up, consume, devour(-er, up), dine, eat(-er, up), feed (with), food, [idiom] freely, [idiom] in...wise(-deed, plenty), (lay) meat, [idiom] quite.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H398

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָכַל

verb • Strongs_Numbers • Page 123

prop. to annihilate, to rub away, hence 1. to eat, applied to men. 2. to animals, figuratively, to devour somewhat.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָכַל

verb • Page 48

1. To eat; applied to men and animals. Figuratively applied to the sword, fire, hunger, and pestilence. 2. To consume, destroy (Deut. 7:16; Jer. 10:25). 3. To enjoy (Prov. 30:20). Includes various forms: Niph. (to be eaten), Pu. (to be consumed), Hiph. (to feed/cause to eat), Hoph. (to be made shorter).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential perfect third person feminine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0398:

No stats available

ארמנות אַרְמְנוֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ארמון

ʼarmôwn

Definition

a citadel (from its height)

Root

from an unused root (meaning to be elevated);

Exhaustive

from an unused root (meaning to be elevated); a citadel (from its height); castle, palace. Compare הרמון.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H759

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אַרְמוֹן

noun masculine • Root ארם • Strongs_Numbers • Page 191

Palace, fortress, citadel, hall. Figuratively applied to the temple of God.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אַרְמוֹן

noun masculine • Root רום • Page 73

1. Palace. Is. 25: 2; Jer. 30: 18; Am. 1: 4, 7, 10, 12, etc. 2. A part of the royal citadel or palace, perhaps the harem. 1 K. 16: 18; 2 K. 15: 25.

Noun common feminine plural construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0759:

No stats available

הקריות הַקְּרִיּוֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

קריות

Qᵉrîyôwth

Definition

Kerioth, the name of two places in Palestine

Root

plural of H7151 (קריה); buildings;

Exhaustive

plural of קריה; buildings; Kerioth, the name of two places in Palestine; Kerioth, Kirioth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7152

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קִרְיּוֹת

noun proper • Root קרי • Consonantal / Low • Page 1298

1. a city in Judah (hamlets); 2. a city of Moab.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

קִרְיֹת

noun proper • Root קרי • Consonantal / Low • Page 1298

1. A city in Judah (related to Iscariot). 2. A city of Moab. Plural meaning: hamlets (from קְרִי).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Particle definite article, Noun proper name

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H7152:

No stats available

ומת וּמֵת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מות

mûwth

Definition

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill; [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4191

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מוּת

verb • Root מות • Strongs / High • Page 829

(Qal) To be stretched, extended, or stiffen, as the limbs of an expiring body; hence to die, of men or animals. Metaphorically, to decay, be waste, be destroyed, or disappear.

מוּת

verb • Root מות • Strongs / High • Page 830

A verb root meaning to die, to expire. The lexicon provides extensive etymological background, connecting it to Arabic, Greek, Sanskrit, and other languages.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מוּת

verb • Page 365

1. to die (1 Sam. 25: 37; Gen. 45: 27). 2. to perish, be destroyed; spoken of a state (Am. 2: 2), or to become wretched (Prov. 15: 10). Pil. and Hiph. to kill, slay (1 Sam. 14: 13). Hoph. to be killed (Deut. 21: 22).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἀπέθανεν θανάτῳ ἀποθανεῖται ἀποθάνῃ ἀποθανοῦνται

LXX Usage Statistics

H4191:

ἀπέθανεν 120× (13.8%)

θανάτῳ 54× (6.7%)

ἀποθανεῖται 48× (6.0%)

ἀποθάνῃ 35× (4.2%)

ἀποθανοῦνται 23× (2.9%)

θανατῶσαι 22× (2.6%)

τέθνηκεν 21× (2.6%)

ἐθανάτωσεν 20× (2.3%)

ἀποθανῇ 18× (2.3%)

ἐτελεύτησεν 15× (1.7%)

בשאון בְּשָׁאוֹן

in the hand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שאון

shâʼôwn

Definition

uproar (as of rushing); by implication, destruction

Root

from H7582 (שאה);

Exhaustive

from שאה; uproar (as of rushing); by implication, destruction; [idiom] horrible, noise, pomp, rushing, tumult ([idiom] -uous).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7588

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁאוֹן

noun masculine • Root שוא • Strongs / High • Page 1366

1. The noise, of a joyful drinking party; wantonness, insolence, of the proud; the rage, rush, of waters.

שָׁאוֹן

noun masculine • Root שוא • Strongs / High • Page 1366

2. (from שׁוּא II.) desolation, destruction, ruin; a symbolical name of מִצְרַיִם.

שָׁאוֹן

noun masculine • Root שאה שאה • Strongs / High • Page 1366

1. noise, loud ostentation, tumult, of an army or hostile peoples; noise of war; loud roar of the thunder-voice of God; a noisy crowd, the tumult of men.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁאוֹן

noun masculine • Root שאה • Page 647

1. noise, tumult; of waters (Ps. 65:8), of a calling or shouting (Jer. 25:31), of a multitude of people (Is. 5:14). 2. destruction (Ps. 40:3; Jer. 46:18).

Preposition, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ὡσ --- κύτοσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7588:

ὡσ 3× (14.4%)

--- 2× (10.7%)

κύτοσ 2× (9.1%)

מואב מוֹאָב

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מואב

Môwʼâb

Definition

Moab, an incestuous son of Lot; also his territory and descendants

Root

from a prolonged form of the prepositional prefix m-and H1 (אב); from (her (the mother's)) father;

Exhaustive

from a prolonged form of the prepositional prefix m-and אב; from (her (the mother's)) father; Moab, an incestuous son of Lot; also his territory and descendants; Moab.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4124

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מוֹאָב

proper name • Root מים אב , אוה • Strongs / High • Page 820

A proper name for: 1. A son of Lot. 2. The people descended from him, the Moabites. 3. The land of Moab.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מוֹאָב

noun proper • Page 360

Moab, Moabitis; a people and country on the east side of the Dead Sea. Jer. 48: 11, 13; Deut. 34: 1, 8; Num. 22: 1. Also mentions the gentile noun מוֹאָבִי.

Noun proper name

LXX: μωαβ '' μωαβίτιδοσ μωαβῖτισ μωαβιτῶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H4124:

μωαβ 158× (88.6%)

'' 6× (3.0%)

μωαβίτιδοσ 5× (2.6%)

μωαβῖτισ 4× (2.0%)

μωαβιτῶν 2× (1.2%)

αραβωθ 2× (1.0%)

בתרועה בִּתְרוּעָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

תרועה

tᵉrûwʻâh

Definition

clamor, i.e. acclamation of joy or a battle-cry; especially clangorof trumpets, as an alarum

Root

from H7321 (רוע);

Exhaustive

from רוע; clamor, i.e. acclamation of joy or a battle-cry; especially clangorof trumpets, as an alarum; alarm, blow(-ing) (of, the) (trumpets), joy, jubile, loud noise, rejoicing, shout(-ing), (high, joyful) sound(-ing).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8643

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תְּרוּעָה

fem. prop. • Root ריע • Strongs / High • Page 1532

Shouting, loud noise, hence: 1. shouts of joy, song of rejoicing; 2. loud clang, of a horn or trumpet, announcing the year of jubilee or the new year, an alarm- or signal-trumpet; 3. clanging cymbals, in the temple-service; 4. a day of the sound of the horn or trumpet (Feast of Tishri); 5. to sound an alarm.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תְּרוּעָה

f. verbal • Root רוע • Page 726

1. A cry of jubilee (Job 8: 21). 2. A shout for battle (Amos 1: 14). 3. The sound of a trumpet (Lev. 23: 24).

Preposition, Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX: κραυγῆσ φωνῇ σημασίαν σημασίασ ἀλαλαγμοῦ

LXX Usage Statistics

H8643:

κραυγῆσ 7× (17.9%)

φωνῇ 3× (9.0%)

σημασίαν 3× (9.0%)

σημασίασ 3× (8.6%)

ἀλαλαγμοῦ 3× (8.6%)

ἀλαλαγμῷ 3× (8.1%)

σημασίᾳ 2× (5.1%)

בקול בְּקוֹל

within the voice

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

קול

qôwl

Definition

a voice or sound

Root

or קל; from an unused root meaning to call aloud;

Exhaustive

or קל; from an unused root meaning to call aloud; a voice or sound; [phrase] aloud, bleating, crackling, cry ([phrase] out), fame, lightness, lowing, noise, [phrase] hold peace, (pro-) claim, proclamation, [phrase] sing, sound, [phrase] spark, thunder(-ing), voice, [phrase] yell.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6963

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קוֹל

noun masculine • Root קול • Strongs / High • Page 1266

1. the voice, expressing various human feelings (joy, sorrow, rage), or the voice of speakers or God. 2. the voice or cry of animals (bleating, roaring). 3. the sound, noise, rattle, crack, crash, of inanimate things, especially thunder.

קוֹל

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1267

Voice, sound, utterance, word. Used in various contexts including weeping, crying, shouting for joy, proclaiming, singing, roaring, thundering, giving hearing, listening, obeying, and making known.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

קוֹל

noun masculine plural • Page 583

1. a voice. Ps. 142: 2. In the accusative with (all) my voice, i. e. with a loud voice. קוֹל יְהוָה the voice of Jehovah, i. e. the thunder, Ps. 29: 3 ff. נָתַן קוֹל to lift up one’s voice, Gen. 45: 2. to call to, Prov. 2: 3. to proclaim in a country, 2 Chr. 24: 9. 2. a report, rumour. Gen. 45: 16. 3. a sound, noise, of inanimate things. 2 Sam. 15: 10. Ezek. 1: 24.

Preposition, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: φωνῆσ φωνὴν φωνὴ φωνῇ φωνήν

LXX Usage Statistics

H6963a:

φωνῆσ 153× (26.1%)

φωνὴν 127× (24.6%)

φωνὴ 91× (18.5%)

φωνῇ 51× (9.9%)

φωνήν 18× (3.4%)

--- 11× (2.4%)

φωνή 8× (1.5%)

'' 7× (1.3%)

αὐτῆσ 6× (1.0%)

---% 6× (0.9%)

שופר שׁוֹפָר׃

horn/trumpet

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שופר

shôwphâr

Definition

a cornet (as giving a clear sound) or curved horn

Root

or שפר; from H8231 (שפר) in the original sense of incising;

Exhaustive

or שפר; from שפר in the original sense of incising; a cornet (as giving a clear sound) or curved horn; cornet, trumpet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7782

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שׁוֹפָר / שׁוֹפֵר

noun masculine • Root שוף • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1400

A horn, trumpet, so called from its being hollowed. Used to cause the horn to pass through, i. e. to sound.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שׁוֹפָר

m. plur. שׁוֹפָרוֹת / dec. ii. b. • Page 661

horn, trumpet, lituus, different from חֲצוֹצְרָה. (Ex. 19: 16, Lev. 25: 9.)

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: σάλπιγγοσ σάλπιγγι κερατίνῃ --- κερατίνησ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7782:

σάλπιγγοσ 17× (23.6%)

σάλπιγγι 13× (18.0%)

κερατίνῃ 10× (12.5%)

--- 5× (7.3%)

κερατίνησ 4× (5.0%)

'' 4× (5.0%)

κερατίναισ 4× (4.6%)

ὡσ 2× (2.9%)

σάλπιγξ 2× (2.9%)

σάλπιγγασ 2× (2.7%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And I will send a fire upon Moab and it devoured the palaces of the cities, and Moab died with tumult, with a loud noise and with the voice of the trumpet:

LITV Translation:
But I will send a fire against Moab, and it shall devour the palaces of Kerioth. And Moab shall die with uproar, with a war cry, with the sound of the ram's horn.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
But I will send forth a fire on Moab, and it shall devour the foundations of its cities: and Moab shall perish in weakness, with a shout, and with the sound of a trumpet.