2 Samuel 22:27

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

עם עִם־

together with/a people

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עם

ʻim

Definition

adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)

Root

from H6004 (עמם);

Exhaustive

from עמם; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English); accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5973

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִם

name element • Root אם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

(In united words like עַמִּי, עֲמִדָּה). Element peculiar to personal names, generally referring to God, signifying uniter, gatherer, binder together, or family-founder. Interchangeable with אֵל, אָב, אָח, and אִם.

עִם

particle / preposition / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

A particle/preposition meaning with, cum, beside, by, expressing communion, union, conjunction, or accompaniment. Also functions as a sign of coordination (and).

עִם

preposition / adverb / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Among, between, inter, in medio, apud, with; in the midst of; notwithstanding. (When combined with מִן (מֵעִם): away from, from near, out of the possession of, from, according to the mind of.)

עִם

aramaic preposition / conjunction (aramaic) • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Aramaic preposition/conjunction: together with; with (e.g., the clouds of heaven, meaning riding on a cloud); of time, so long as, as long as, like; by (e.g., by night).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עִם

preposition • Page 512

used only as a preposition. 1. with. Gen. 27: 44. Ex. 22: 29. עִם זֶה with all this, notwithstanding this, Neh. 5: 18. עִם שֶׁמֶשׁ so long as the sun shall endure, Ps. 72: 5. 2. before; e. g. עִם אֵל before God, Job 9: 2. 27: 13. 3. against; e. g. נִלְחַם עִם to fight against.

עִם

preposition • Page 513

with; also in, e.g. עִם לֵילְיָא in the night (Dan. 7:2); עִם דָּר וְדָר so long as the generations of men last (Dan. 3:33, 4:31).

Preposition

LXX: μετὰ μετ' μεθ' ἐμοῦ ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H5973a:

μετὰ 252× (26.0%)

μετ' 226× (22.7%)

μεθ' 68× (6.9%)

ἐμοῦ 55× (4.8%)

--- 31× (3.2%)

παρὰ 30× (3.1%)

παρ' 24× (2.5%)

πρὸσ 23× (2.4%)

'' 22× (1.9%)

ἀπὸ 20× (2.1%)

נבר נָבָר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ברר

bârar

Definition

to clarify (i.e. brighten), examine, select

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to clarify (i.e. brighten), examine, select; make bright, choice, chosen, cleanse (be clean), clearly, polished, (shew self) pure(-ify), purge (out).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1305

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רִיר

verb • Root רור • Inferred / Low • Page 1337

as a stem, see רוּר.

Matched via inferred root to Fuerst root field

רִיר

noun masculine • Root רור • Inferred / Low • Page 1337

(from רוּר) m. spittle, slaver (1 Sam. 21, 14); the white of an egg (Job 6, 6) or anything slimy, curdled milk.

Matched via inferred root to Fuerst root field

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בָּרַר

verb • Page 118

1. To separate (Ezek. 20:38). 2. To select or appoint (1 Chr. 9:22). 3. To cleanse or purify in a moral sense (Zeph. 3:9, Job 33:3). 4. To burnish or sharpen an arrow (Is. 49:2). 5. To search out, examine, or prove (Ecc. 3:18). Includes derived forms: Niph. (to purify oneself), Pi. (to refine metals), Hiph. (to cleanse or sharpen), and Hithpa. (to purify or conduct oneself as pure).

Verb Niphal participle active masculine singular absolute

LXX: ἐκλεκτοῦ ἐκλεκτὸσ ἐκλεκτοὶ ἔσῃ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1305:

ἐκλεκτοῦ 2× (10.1%)

ἐκλεκτὸσ 2× (10.1%)

ἐκλεκτοὶ 2× (9.3%)

ἔσῃ 2× (8.5%)

תתבר תִּתָּבָר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ברר

bârar

Definition

to clarify (i.e. brighten), examine, select

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to clarify (i.e. brighten), examine, select; make bright, choice, chosen, cleanse (be clean), clearly, polished, (shew self) pure(-ify), purge (out).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1305

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רִיר

verb • Root רור • Inferred / Low • Page 1337

as a stem, see רוּר.

Matched via inferred root to Fuerst root field

רִיר

noun masculine • Root רור • Inferred / Low • Page 1337

(from רוּר) m. spittle, slaver (1 Sam. 21, 14); the white of an egg (Job 6, 6) or anything slimy, curdled milk.

Matched via inferred root to Fuerst root field

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בָּרַר

verb • Page 118

1. To separate (Ezek. 20:38). 2. To select or appoint (1 Chr. 9:22). 3. To cleanse or purify in a moral sense (Zeph. 3:9, Job 33:3). 4. To burnish or sharpen an arrow (Is. 49:2). 5. To search out, examine, or prove (Ecc. 3:18). Includes derived forms: Niph. (to purify oneself), Pi. (to refine metals), Hiph. (to cleanse or sharpen), and Hithpa. (to purify or conduct oneself as pure).

Verb Hithpael imperfect second person masculine singular

LXX: ἐκλεκτοῦ ἐκλεκτὸσ ἐκλεκτοὶ ἔσῃ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1305:

ἐκλεκτοῦ 2× (10.1%)

ἐκλεκτὸσ 2× (10.1%)

ἐκλεκτοὶ 2× (9.3%)

ἔσῃ 2× (8.5%)

ועם וְעִם־

and with

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עם

ʻim

Definition

adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)

Root

from H6004 (עמם);

Exhaustive

from עמם; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English); accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5973

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִם

name element • Root אם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

(In united words like עַמִּי, עֲמִדָּה). Element peculiar to personal names, generally referring to God, signifying uniter, gatherer, binder together, or family-founder. Interchangeable with אֵל, אָב, אָח, and אִם.

עִם

particle / preposition / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

A particle/preposition meaning with, cum, beside, by, expressing communion, union, conjunction, or accompaniment. Also functions as a sign of coordination (and).

עִם

preposition / adverb / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Among, between, inter, in medio, apud, with; in the midst of; notwithstanding. (When combined with מִן (מֵעִם): away from, from near, out of the possession of, from, according to the mind of.)

עִם

aramaic preposition / conjunction (aramaic) • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Aramaic preposition/conjunction: together with; with (e.g., the clouds of heaven, meaning riding on a cloud); of time, so long as, as long as, like; by (e.g., by night).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עִם

preposition • Page 512

used only as a preposition. 1. with. Gen. 27: 44. Ex. 22: 29. עִם זֶה with all this, notwithstanding this, Neh. 5: 18. עִם שֶׁמֶשׁ so long as the sun shall endure, Ps. 72: 5. 2. before; e. g. עִם אֵל before God, Job 9: 2. 27: 13. 3. against; e. g. נִלְחַם עִם to fight against.

עִם

preposition • Page 513

with; also in, e.g. עִם לֵילְיָא in the night (Dan. 7:2); עִם דָּר וְדָר so long as the generations of men last (Dan. 3:33, 4:31).

Conjunction, Preposition

LXX: μετὰ μετ' μεθ' ἐμοῦ ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H5973a:

μετὰ 252× (26.0%)

μετ' 226× (22.7%)

μεθ' 68× (6.9%)

ἐμοῦ 55× (4.8%)

--- 31× (3.2%)

παρὰ 30× (3.1%)

παρ' 24× (2.5%)

πρὸσ 23× (2.4%)

'' 22× (1.9%)

ἀπὸ 20× (2.1%)

עקש עִקֵּשׁ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עקש

ʻiqqêsh

Definition

distorted; hence, false

Root

from H6140 (עקש);

Exhaustive

from עקש; distorted; hence, false; crooked, froward, perverse.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6141

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִקֵּשׁ

verb • Root עקש • Strongs / High • Page 1126

To knot, to twist, to wind, to interlace; metaphorically: to twist into each other, to twist, to make crooked, to pervert, to entangle; to be sly, cunning. (Also: to crook, to pervert, to act perversely, cunningly, craftily).

עִקֵּשׁ

adjective / noun proper masculine • Root עקש • Strongs / High • Page 1126

1. adj. m. perverse, perverted, corrupt; subst. one perverse. 2. (a prudent one) n. p. m.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עִקֵּשׁ

m. verbal adj. • Root עקש • Page 524

Perverse, froward. Often used of the heart (Ps. 101:4; Prov. 11:20) or speech (Prov. 19:1). Also means false (Deut. 32:5; Ps. 18:27; Prov. 8:8).

Adjective adjective both singular absolute

LXX: στρεβλοῦ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6141:

στρεβλοῦ 2× (17.8%)

תתפל תִּתַּפָּל׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

פתל

pâthal

Definition

to twine, i.e. (literally) to struggle or (figuratively) be (morally) tortuous

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to twine, i.e. (literally) to struggle or (figuratively) be (morally) tortuous; (shew self) froward, shew self unsavoury, wrestle.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6617

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פָּתַל

verb • Root פתל • Strongs / High • Page 1207

trans. to knot, to twist, to twine, to spin, a rope or thread; hence to bind. Metaphor. to struggle, wrestle with one. Fig. to be discreet, prudent, crooked, cunning.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

פָּתַל

verb • Root פתל • Page 559

In Kal not used. Niph. 1. to wrestle, to struggle, Gen. 30: 8. 2. to be perverted, false, deceitful. Prov. 8: 8. Job 5: 13.

Verb Hithpael imperfect second person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H6617:

No stats available

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
With the chosen thou wilt be chosen, And with the perverse thou wilt be unseasoned.

LITV Translation:
With the pure, You will show Yourself pure, and with the perverted You will appear perverse.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And with the excellent thou wilt be excellent, And with the froward thou wilt be froward.