2 Samuel 22:15

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

וישלח וַיִּשְׁלַח

and he is sending

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שלח

shâlach

Definition

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring (on the way), cast (away, out), conduct, [idiom] earnestly, forsake, give (up), grow long, lay, leave, let depart (down, go, loose), push away, put (away, forth, in, out), reach forth, send (away, forth, out), set, shoot (forth, out), sow, spread, stretch forth (out).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7971

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁלַח

verb • Root שלח • Strongs / High • Page 1431

To stretch out, spread, extend, pour out, or make spring forth (Kal); to be sent, dismissed, or let go; to be free, unrestrained; to be hunted, scared away, or forsaken.

שָׁלַח

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1432

The little brook flowing southward out of the fountain, referring to Siloah/Shelach, and the pool of Siloah.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁלַח

verb • Root שלח • Page 677

To send, stretch out, or set free. Continued from previous page: 2. to send a commission or charge (Prov. 26:6, Gen. 38:25). 3. to commission (2 Sam. 11:22, Is. 55:11). 4. to stretch out or put forth (Is. 58:9, Ps. 110:2, Gen. 3:22, Job 1:11). 5. to set free or let loose (Ps. 50:19).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἀπέστειλεν ἐξαπέστειλεν ἐξαποστελῶ ἀπέστειλα ἐξέτεινεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H7971:

ἀπέστειλεν 228× (24.0%)

ἐξαπέστειλεν 62× (6.6%)

ἐξαποστελῶ 25× (2.6%)

ἀπέστειλα 23× (2.5%)

ἐξέτεινεν 23× (2.4%)

ἀπέστειλαν 21× (2.1%)

αὐτούσ 19× (1.8%)

ἐξαποστεῖλαι 19× (2.1%)

ἀπέστειλέν 18× (2.1%)

ἀποστελῶ 17× (1.9%)

חצים חִצּים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חץ

chêts

Definition

properly, a piercer, i.e. an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of God) thunderbolt; the shaft of aspear

Root

from H2686 (חצץ); also by interchange for H6086 (עץ)

Exhaustive

from חצץ; also by interchange for עץ; properly, a piercer, i.e. an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of God) thunderbolt; the shaft of aspear; [phrase] archer, arrow, dart, shaft, staff, wound.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2671

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֵץ

noun / masculine • Root חצץ • Strongs / High • Page 515

prop. something cutting into or piercing, hence 1. an arrow, a missile. 2. thy lightnings.

חֵץ

noun • Strongs / High • Page 516

Tropically: suffering, punishment, sickness (Deut. 32, 23); sufferings sent by God (Job 6, 4); lightning, God's arrow (Hab. 3, 11); a collateral form of שֵׁבֶט (shaft).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חֵץ

noun masculine • Root חצץ • Page 242

1. an arrow. Gen. 49:23.—the arrows of God, i. e. the lightning, Hab. 3:11.

Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: βέλη βέλοσ ὡσ βολὶσ τόξον

LXX Usage Statistics

H2671:

βέλη 17× (30.4%)

βέλοσ 7× (13.4%)

ὡσ 2× (4.1%)

βολὶσ 2× (3.8%)

τόξον 2× (3.8%)

τοξεύμασιν 2× (3.5%)

βέλουσ 2× (3.5%)

σχίζαν 2× (3.5%)

ויפיצם וַיְפִיצֵם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

פוץ

pûwts

Definition

to dash in pieces, literally or figuratively (especially to disperse)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to dash in pieces, literally or figuratively (especially to disperse); break (dash, shake) in (to) pieces, cast (abroad), disperse (selves), drive, retire, scatter (abroad), spread abroad.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6327

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פּוּץ

verb transitive • Strongs / High • Page 1159

(II., not used) tr. 1. to split, to divide, to separate; metaphor. to be intelligent. 2. Fig. to break (in mining language).

פּוּץ

verb intransitive • Strongs / High • Page 1159

(I.) intr. same as יָפַץ (to scatter, disperse).

פּוּץ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1160

To be reduced to dust, to be scattered about, to disperse themselves, to be driven away, to overflow, to pour forth, to spread.

פּוּץ

noun m. • Root פוץ • Strongs / High • Page 1160

Dispersion, exile, or separate return.

פּוּץ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1162

To be flexible, pliant (become supple); generally to move to and fro, to leap, to spring (Putz II).

פּוּץ

verb • Root פוץ • Strongs / High • Page 1162

To be scattered about (Nif. נָפוֹץ), specifically the bones of the slain.

פּוּץ

verb • Root פוץ • Strongs / High • Page 1162

To scatter, to pursue, to disperse, send into exile, to distribute largely, to dissipate (Pih. fut. יָפִיץ).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

פּוֹץ

m. verbal • Root פוץ • Page 539

dispersion. Used in Zeph. 3:10 in the phrase 'the daughter of my dispersion', meaning those dispersed by God.

פּוּץ

verb • Page 538

1. to smite or dash in pieces. 2. to scatter or go astray; spoken of a flock or people (Ezek. 34:5, Zech. 13:7, Gen. 11:4). 3. to overflow (Zech. 1:17, Prov. 5:16). Niph. to be or become scattered.

conjunctive, Verb Hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine singular, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: αὐτοὺσ διεσπάρησαν διασπερῶ --- διεσπάρη

LXX Usage Statistics

H6327a:

αὐτοὺσ 8× (8.7%)

διεσπάρησαν 5× (6.8%)

διασπερῶ 5× (6.2%)

--- 4× (5.6%)

διεσπάρη 4× (5.2%)

διασκορπιῶ 4× (5.2%)

διασπερεῖ 3× (3.8%)

διέσπειρα 3× (3.8%)

διεσκορπίσθησαν 2× (2.8%)

διεσκορπίσθητε 2× (2.8%)

ברק בָּרָק

Lightning (Barak)

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ברק

bârâq

Definition

lightning; by analogy, a gleam; concretely, a flashing sword

Root

from H1299 (ברק);

Exhaustive

from ברק; lightning; by analogy, a gleam; concretely, a flashing sword; bright, glitter(-ing sword), lightning.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1300

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בָּרַק

verb • Consonantal / Medium • Page 282

(not used) intr. 1. to shine, glitter, lighten. 2. to burn.

Matched via consonantal key only

בָּרָק

noun masculine • Root ברק • Consonantal / Medium • Page 282

1. lightning. 2. splendour, fulgor. 3. proper name m. Barak.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בָּרַק

verb • Page 117

To lighten, send forth lightning. Ps. 144:6. (Also in Syr. and Arab.)

בָּרָק

m. verbal / dec. iv. a. • Root ברק • Page 117

1. Lightning, a flash of lightning. Ex. 19:16. Spoken figuratively of the sword, בְּרַק חֶרֶב (the glittering of my sword), Deut. 32:41, Job 20:25, Ezek. 21:15, 20. Plur. בְּרָקִים (lightnings).

בָּרָק

proper name • Page 117

Proper name of a patriot who, with the aid of Deborah, smote the [enemies].

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ἀστραπὰσ ἀστραπαὶ ὡσ ἀστραπὴν ἀστραπῆσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1300a:

ἀστραπὰσ 4× (17.2%)

ἀστραπαὶ 4× (15.2%)

ὡσ 3× (12.8%)

ἀστραπὴν 3× (12.8%)

ἀστραπῆσ 2× (8.9%)

στίλβωσιν 2× (8.3%)

ויהמם וַיְהֻמֵּם׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

המם

hâmam

Definition

properly, to put in commotion; by implication, to disturb, drive, destroy

Root

a primitive root (compare H1949 (הום), H1993 (המה));

Exhaustive

a primitive root (compare הום, המה); properly, to put in commotion; by implication, to disturb, drive, destroy; break, consume, crush, destroy, discomfit, trouble, vex.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2000

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָמַם

verb transitive • Root הםם • Strongs / High • Page 406

to drive, to put into strong motion or haste; then to disturb, to terrify, to destroy, to carry off.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָמַם

verb • Root הום • Page 190

Future יָהֹם. 1. to terrify, confound, discomfit (especially of God, Ex. 14:24; Ps. 18:15). 2. to consume entirely, to destroy (Deut. 2:15; Jer. 51:34). 3. to drive on (Is. 28:27).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: ἐξέστησεν αὐτοὺσ αὐτούσ συνετάραξεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H2000:

ἐξέστησεν 4× (19.1%)

αὐτοὺσ 4× (16.7%)

αὐτούσ 4× (15.9%)

συνετάραξεν 2× (9.2%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
He will send arrows and scatter them lightning, and put them in commotion.

LITV Translation:
And He sent forth arrows and scattered them; lightning, and troubled them;

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And he sent forth arrows, and scattered them, And he flashed lightning, and dismayed them.