2 Samuel 22:12

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

וישת וַיָּשֶׁת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שית

shîyth

Definition

to place (in a very wide application)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to place (in a very wide application); apply, appoint, array, bring, consider, lay (up), let alone, [idiom] look, make, mark, put (on), [phrase] regard, set, shew, be stayed, [idiom] take.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7896

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שִׁית

noun masculine • Root שות • Strongs / High • Page 1417

Covering, dress; hence to cast a garment about (Ps. 73, 6); the veil of an harlot (Prov. 7, 10). So called from putting on.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: αὐτοὺσ θοῦ θήσομαι ἔθεντό θήσει

LXX Usage Statistics

H7896:

αὐτοὺσ 4× (3.8%)

θοῦ 3× (3.3%)

θήσομαι 3× (3.3%)

ἔθεντό 3× (3.3%)

θήσει 3× (3.3%)

ἔθου 3× (3.3%)

ἔθηκασ 3× (3.0%)

ἔθετο 3× (3.0%)

θήσεισ 2× (2.2%)

ἐπέβαλεν 2× (2.2%)

חשך חֹשֶׁךְ

a dark one

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חשך

chôshek

Definition

the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness

Root

from H2821 (חשך);

Exhaustive

from חשך; the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness; dark(-ness), night, obscurity.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2822

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָשַׁךְ

verb • Consonantal / Medium • Page 540

To be dark, to be obscured. Used literally for celestial bodies, light, eyes, or a land, and figuratively for mental or political obscuration, misfortune, or a low condition.

Matched via consonantal key only

חָשַׂךְ

verb • Root חשך • Consonantal / Medium • Page 541

To hold, to hold back, to keep off, to withhold, detain, refuse; to keep from, deliver; to save, keep far from, spare; to keep back, reserve; to give a check to, put a stop to; to snatch; to give abundantly; to moderate. Nif. (נֶחֱשַׂךְ): to be held in, moderated; to be delivered.

Matched via consonantal key only

חָשֵׁךְ

adjective • Root חשך • Consonantal / Medium • Page 541

dark, low, poor, mean; obscure, low people.

Matched via consonantal key only

חָשַׁךְ

verb • Root חשך • Consonantal / Medium • Page 541

To veil, to cover; its fundamental significance is related to darkness as a veiling of light. Hif. (הֶחֱשִׁיךְ): 1. to make dark, to darken. 2. Figuratively, to darken, to confuse.

Matched via consonantal key only

חֹשֶׁךְ

masculine noun • Root חשך • Consonantal / Medium • Page 541

1. darkness, as opposed to light; duskishness, a dark night, dark cloud, dark shadow. 2. Figuratively: helplessness, dark sheol, the grave, a prison, danger, misfortune, misery, death, wretchedness. 3. darkness of the understanding, i.e., ignorance, short-sightedness; falsehood, injustice; sadness.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָשַׁךְ

verb • Page 255

to be darkened, obscured, dim; spoken of the light of the sun, Job 18:6. Is. 5:30. 13:10. Ex. 10:15. Lam. 5:17. Ps. 69:24. Ecc. 12:3. Hiph. to make dark, Am. 5:8. Metaphorically Job 38:2. Intrans. to be dark, Ps. 139:12. Jer. 13:16.

חֹשֶׁךְ

m. verbal from חָשַׁךְ / dec. vi. m. • Root חשך • Page 255

1. darkness. Gen. 1:2 ff. hence hades, the regions of the dead, Ps. 88:13. 2. used metaphorically for (1.) misfortune, Is. 9:1. (2.) sadness, Ecc. 5:16. (3.) ignorance, Job 37:19.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: σκότοσ σκότει σκότουσ ---% ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H2822:

σκότοσ 40× (48.6%)

σκότει 15× (15.2%)

σκότουσ 12× (14.6%)

---% 3× (3.1%)

--- 2× (2.6%)

pἐν 2× (2.6%)

סביבתיו סְבִיבֹתָיו

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

סביב

çâbîyb

Definition

(as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around

Root

or (feminine) סביבה; from H5437 (סבב);

Exhaustive

or (feminine) סביבה; from סבב; (as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around; (place, round) about, circuit, compass, on every side.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5439

ו

Definition

him, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9033

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

סָבִיב

adverb / preposition • Root סבב • Strongs / High • Page 756

Adverb or substantive used as a preposition, meaning 'round about', often preceding a noun with the preposition 'ל'.

סָבִיב

noun • Root סבב • Strongs / High • Page 1005

A circuit, a surrounding country, neighbourhood.

סָבִיב

adverb / preposition • Root סבב • Strongs / High • Page 1005

As an adverb: round about, circum, on all sides round. As a preposition with ל or עַל: about, toward all sides.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

סָבִיב

m. verbal • Root סבב • Page 467

As a subst. circuit. 1 Chr. 11: 8. Hence as an adv. round about, Gen. 23: 17; Ex. 16: 13. Also used as a prep. round about any thing, as round about the tent, Ex. 40: 33; Num. 1: 53. Plur. m. סְבִיבִים persons round about, neighbours. Jer. 48: 17, 39. Also refers to country round about, les environs.

Noun common feminine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: κύκλῳ κυκλόθεν περικύκλῳ '' αὐτῆσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5439:

κύκλῳ 201× (60.1%)

κυκλόθεν 70× (21.1%)

περικύκλῳ 19× (5.4%)

'' 14× (3.6%)

αὐτῆσ 9× (2.1%)

--- 4× (1.2%)

κύκλωμα 3× (0.7%)

ἐκύκλουν 2× (0.6%)

ἐκύκλωσάν 2× (0.6%)

ἐπέστρεψεν 2× (0.5%)

סכות סֻכּוֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

סכה

çukkâh

Definition

a hut or lair

Root

feminine of H5520 (סך);

Exhaustive

feminine of סך; a hut or lair; booth, cottage, covert, pavilion, tabernacle, tent.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5521

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

סֻכָּה

noun feminine • Root סכך • Strongs / High • Page 1018

A booth, hut, especially of foliage, for men and cattle; hence the booths of the Israelites in the wilderness; the Festival (Sukkot); a tent; a covert.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

סֻכָּה

fem. of סֹךְ • Root סך • Page 474

1. a booth, tent, tabernacle, made of boughs and bushes. Refs: Jon. 4:5; Is. 4:6; Lev. 23:34; Deut. 16:13; Am. 9:11. 2. a hedge, enclosure, for cattle. Ref: Gen. 33:17. 3. a shelter, shed, dwelling, generally. Refs: Ps. 31:21; Job 36:29; Ps. 18:12. 4. a thicket, as the dwelling of the lion. Ref: Job 38:40.

Noun common feminine plural absolute

LXX: σκηναῖσ σκηνοπηγίασ σκηνῶν σκηνὰσ σκηνὴ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5521:

σκηναῖσ 7× (20.0%)

σκηνοπηγίασ 5× (14.8%)

σκηνῶν 4× (12.5%)

σκηνὰσ 3× (10.1%)

σκηνὴ 3× (8.6%)

σκηνὴν 2× (6.2%)

חשרת חַשְׁרַת־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חשרה

chashrâh

Definition

properly, a combination or gathering, i.e. of watery clouds

Root

from the same as H2840 (חשר);

Exhaustive

from the same as חשר; properly, a combination or gathering, i.e. of watery clouds; dark.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2841

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָשַׁר

verb • Root חשר • Consonantal / Low • Page 543

(not used) To knot around, to bind about, to bind, to unite. Also to assemble, to arrange, to bring together in harmony.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חֶשְׁרָה

noun feminine • Page 256

Variant of חַשְׁרָה (a collection).

חַשְׁרָה

noun feminine • Page 256

a collection.

Noun common feminine singular construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H2841:

No stats available

מים מַיִם

dual water

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מים

mayim

Definition

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

Root

dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense);

Exhaustive

dual of a primitive noun (but used in a singular sense); water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen; [phrase] piss, wasting, water(-ing, (-course, -flood, -spring)).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4325

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַיִם

m. noun • Root מיה • Strongs / High • Page 842

The flowing, pouring, running; hence water (collective noun). Figuratively: juice of a plant, seed, seminal flux, urine.

מַיִם

coll. m. • Strongs / High • Page 845

Water, in the widest sense and with the greatest variety of applications; used for the ocean, sea, lakes, clouds, rain-water, etc. Also used as a figure of multitude, fulness, abundance, numerous enemies, dangers, and fear.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מַיִם

masc. plur. prim. irreg. • Page 372

1. Water or waters. (Gen. 26:19; Num. 5:17). 2. Seed (Is. 48:1).

Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: ὕδωρ ὕδατοσ ὕδατι ὕδατα ὑδάτων

LXX Usage Statistics

H4325:

ὕδωρ 255× (41.0%)

ὕδατοσ 96× (15.5%)

ὕδατι 65× (10.3%)

ὕδατα 45× (7.3%)

ὑδάτων 37× (6.2%)

ὡσ 17× (2.9%)

--- 17× (3.0%)

---% 7× (1.0%)

ὕδασιν 7× (0.9%)

'' 6× (0.9%)

עבי עָבֵי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עב

ʻâb

Definition

properly, an envelope, i.e. darkness (or density, 2 Chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse

Root

(masculine and feminine); from H5743 (עוב);

Exhaustive

(masculine and feminine); from עוב; properly, an envelope, i.e. darkness (or density, 2 Chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse; clay, (thick) cloud, [idiom] thick, thicket. Compare עבי.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5645

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עָב

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1042

The veiling, covering; hence darkness of clouds, darkness, a thick cloud. Also collection of swift flight and of swiftness generally; evanescence. Ideas of veiling or covering are often transferred to darkness, obscurity, cloud.

עָב

stem / form • Strongs / High • Page 1042

See עָבוּב as a noun.

עָב

stem / form • Strongs / High • Page 1042

See עָבוּב as a noun.

עָב

noun feminine • Root עבה • Strongs / High • Page 1045

(Only plural עָבִים) Same as עָב (I.), darkness of clouds, clouds.

עָב

adjective • Strongs / High • Page 1045

(Plural construct עַבֵּי) Adjective/Substantive. Thick, firm, of earth; thickness. I.e. firm ground prepared for a mould to cast in.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֹב

noun masculine • Page 485

An architectural term, probably a threshold, forming the entrance to a colonnade or temple (1 K. 7:6; Ezek. 41:25). Plural: עָבִים.

עָב

com. gen. • Root עוב עיב • Page 485

1. Darkness (Ex. 19:9, Ps. 18:12). 2. A cloud itself (Job 36:29, 37:11, 16). 3. A thicket of a wood (Jer. 4:29).

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: νεφέλαισ νέφη ---% ὡσ νεφέλη

LXX Usage Statistics

H5645:

νεφέλαισ 7× (15.3%)

νέφη 4× (9.8%)

---% 4× (8.2%)

ὡσ 3× (7.5%)

νεφέλη 3× (7.1%)

νεφέλαι 3× (6.7%)

νέφοσ 3× (6.7%)

νεφῶν 2× (5.3%)

pἐν 2× (5.3%)

νεφέλησ 2× (5.3%)

שחקים שְׁחָקִים׃

laughing ones

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שחק

shachaq

Definition

a powder (as beaten small); by analogy, a thin vapor; by extension, the firmament

Root

from H7833 (שחק);

Exhaustive

from שחק; a powder (as beaten small); by analogy, a thin vapor; by extension, the firmament; cloud, small dust, heaven, sky.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7834

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁחָקִים

noun masculine plural • Root שחק • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1409

Plural of שְׁחֹק, referring to the sky or heavens (see significance 2 of שְׁחֹק).

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: νέφη νεφέλαισ νεφελῶν νεφέλαι ---%

LXX Usage Statistics

H7834:

νέφη 5× (23.8%)

νεφέλαισ 3× (12.5%)

νεφελῶν 3× (12.5%)

νεφέλαι 2× (7.6%)

---% 2× (6.1%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And he will set darkness round about him for booths, The gatherings of waters the darkness of clouds.

LITV Translation:
And He made darkness pavilions all around Him, the gathering of waters, thick clouds of the skies.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And he made darkness his hiding place; His tabernacle round about him was the darkness of waters, He condensed it with the clouds of the air.