2 Samuel 15:34

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ואם וְאִם־

and if

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אם

ʼim

Definition

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

Root

a primitive particle;

Exhaustive

a primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also Oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not; (and, can-, doubtless, if, that) (not), [phrase] but, either, [phrase] except, [phrase] more(-over if, than), neither, nevertheless, nor, oh that, or, [phrase] save (only, -ing), seeing, since, sith, [phrase] surely (no more, none, not), though, [phrase] of a truth, [phrase] unless, [phrase] verily, when, whereas, whether, while, [phrase] yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H518

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אִם

conjunction • Strongs_Numbers • Page 146

If; a conditional conjunction.

אִם

conjunction • Strongs_Numbers • Page 147

Conditional particle corresponding to 'if', 'whether', or 'although'. It is used with perfect and imperfect tenses to express conditions, repeated acts, or permanent states. In formulas of swearing (oaths), it implies a negative ('surely not'). It can also introduce a question.

אִם

conj. / particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 148

Conditional particle indicating 'if', 'whether', 'either...or'; also used as a particle of time: 'when', 'since'; a particle of wishing: 'oh if!', 'would that!'; and sometimes as an exclamation: 'behold!', 'lo!'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אִם

primitive particle • Page 54

1. adv. of time, when; referring either to time past, like the Germ. da, als, Am. 7: 2 when they had en-

אִם

conj. / adv. / interrog. particle • Page 55

A conditional and interrogative particle with multiple senses: 2. if, supposing that; 3. although (Judg. 13:16); 4. O that (Gen. 30:27); 5. whether... or (Ex. 19:13); 6. in swearing (not, that not; 2 Sam. 11:11); 7. perhaps that (Gen. 31:52); 8. interrogative (Jer. 3:5); 11. whether...not (Est. 4:14); 13. (אם-לא) if not, but (Gen. 24:58).

Conjunction, Particle

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0518a:

No stats available

העיר הָעִיר

the City

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עיר

ʻîyr

Definition

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Root

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור)

Exhaustive

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5892

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1061

Proper name masculine meaning 'one setting up, strengthening'.

עִיר

noun feminine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1083

1. An enclosed, fenced place, proceeding from the verb-idea 'to fence round, encircle, enclose'; hence town, city. 2. dwelling.

עִיר

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1084

1. A tower, a castle, a tower of watch; 2. A city generally, also a village, hamlet, or encampment; 3. Part of a city; 4. Metaphor for the inhabitants of a city.

עִיר

noun masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

Heat, anger, wrath.

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A proper name (a man mentioned in 1 Chr. 7, 12).

עִיר

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A watcher (Aram.), referring to archangels, good angels, or fallen ones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֵעִיר

verb • Root עור • Page 498

1. To awaken from sleep. Zech. 4:1. 2. To stir up (e.g., the leviathan). Job 41:2; Deut. 32:11. 3. intrans. to awake. Ps. 35:23; Job 8:6.

עִיר

noun feminine • Page 505

I. a city. References include city of God (Ps. 46: 5), the holy city (Neh. 11: 1), and several proper names like city of salt and city of palms (Jericho).

עִיר

noun • Page 505

II. perhaps anger, hostile attack. Jer. 15:8; Hos. 11:9. Comp. Arab. med. Vav to attack, assault.

עִיר

m. chald. • Page 505

a watcher, a name of angels in the later Jewish demonology, so called because they watch over the souls of men. Dan. 4: 10, 14, 20.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: πόλεισ πόλιν πόλεωσ πόλει πόλισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5892b:

πόλεισ 250× (22.9%)

πόλιν 200× (17.5%)

πόλεωσ 192× (17.0%)

πόλει 120× (9.9%)

πόλισ 83× (7.5%)

πόλεσιν 76× (6.1%)

πόλεων 50× (4.4%)

'' 35× (3.1%)

--- 26× (2.7%)

pεἰσ 16× (1.7%)

תשוב תָּשׁ֗וּב

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שוב

shûwb

Definition

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point); generally to retreat; often adverbial, again; ((break, build, circumcise, dig, do anything, do evil, feed, lay down, lie down, lodge, make, rejoice, send, take, weep)) [idiom] again, (cause to) answer ([phrase] again), [idiom] in any case (wise), [idiom] at all, averse, bring (again, back, home again), call (to mind), carry again (back), cease, [idiom] certainly, come again (back), [idiom] consider, [phrase] continually, convert, deliver (again), [phrase] deny, draw back, fetch home again, [idiom] fro, get (oneself) (back) again, [idiom] give (again), go again (back, home), (go) out, hinder, let, (see) more, [idiom] needs, be past, [idiom] pay, pervert, pull in again, put (again, up again), recall, recompense, recover, refresh, relieve, render (again), requite, rescue, restore, retrieve, (cause to, make to) return, reverse, reward, [phrase] say nay, send back, set again, slide back, still, [idiom] surely, take back (off), (cause to, make to) turn (again, self again, away, back, back again, backward, from, off), withdraw.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7725

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שׁוּב

verb • Root שוב • Strongs / High • Page 755

to return to

שׁוּב

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1389

Intransitive: properly, to turn; to turn away from; to revolve; to come back or revert to; to be restored; to return home; to remain behind.

שׁוּב

verb • Root שוב • Strongs / High • Page 1391

To turn, turn back, return (intransitive); to turn about, turn away (i.e., not to expect war), to convert, repent, to turn the face, to turn the hand (for attack or protection), to turn away anger (of God or man); to drive back, to withhold, to hinder, to lead back.

שׁוּב

unknown • Strongs / High • Page 1363

Aramaic example of interchange with ת.

שׁוּב

unknown • Strongs / High • Page 1363

Example of interchange of שׁ and ת.

שׁוּב

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1390

To turn back, to return (to an earlier state, place, or person). To be converted, to repent (turn to God). Also, to repeat (used commonly with another verb to express the idea of doing again).

שׁוּב

adverb • Root שוב • Strongs / High • Page 1390

Again, besides, in addition (used as an adverb, often abridged or associated with the infinitive לָשׁוּב).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שׂוֹב

verb • Root שיב • Page 635

To have gray hairs; see שֵׂיב.

שׁוּב

verb / fut. יָשׁוּב / apoc. יָשֵׁב • Page 657

1. to turn, turn back, return. Gen. 27: 45. 2 Chr. 30: 9. 2. to cease, desist, from a purpose or from evil. Jer. 4: 28. Ezek. 18: 24. 3. to turn back from a person.

שׁוּב

verb • Root שוב • Page 658

To turn back, to return. (2) Spoken of things without life, to go or come back (Is. 29:17, Gen. 3:19). (3) Joined with another verb, forms a periphrasis of 'again' or 'anew' (Gen. 30:31 אָשׁוּבָה, 2 K. 1:13 וַיָּשָׁב וַיִּשְׁלַח). (4) Causative, to lead or bring back (Num. 10:36). (5) Particularly in the phrase שׁוּב שְׁבוּת 'to bring back captives' (Ezek. 35:9).

Verb Qal imperfect second person masculine singular

LXX: ἐπέστρεψεν ἀπέστρεψεν ἐπιστρέψαι ἐπιστρέψει ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H7725:

ἐπέστρεψεν 58× (5.0%)

ἀπέστρεψεν 36× (3.2%)

ἐπιστρέψαι 35× (2.9%)

ἐπιστρέψει 30× (2.6%)

'' 24× (2.0%)

ἀποστρέψαι 23× (1.8%)

ἀποστρέψω 21× (1.9%)

ἀνέστρεψεν 21× (1.9%)

πάλιν 21× (1.8%)

ἐπιστρέψω 20× (1.8%)

ואמרת וְאָמַרְתָּ

and you have said

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אמר

ʼâmar

Definition

to say (used with great latitude)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H559

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 155

1. (not used) to stand prominently upwards, to project upwards, hence to be elevated. 2. to say, to speak, to command; to press out sounds from within.

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 755

to say, speak

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 58

1. to say (dico). Differs from דבר (to speak) in that אָמַר is almost uniformly followed by the words spoken (Lev. 1:2; Gen. 44:16). 2. to think. (Speaking and thinking).

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 59

To command (Est 1:17, 1 Chr 21:17); to praise (Ps 40:11). Niph.: to be said, to be called holy (Is 4:3). Hiph.: to declare solemnly, to promise (Deut 26:17, 18). Hithpa.: to boast one's self (Ps 94:4), or to exercise dominion.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential perfect second person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0559:

No stats available

לאבשלום לְאַבְשָׁלוֹם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אבישלום

ʼĂbîyshâlôwm

Definition

Abshalom, a son of David; also (the fuller form) a later Israelite

Root

or (shortened) אבשלום ; from H1 (אב) and H7965 (שלום); father of peace (i.e. friendly);

Exhaustive

or (shortened) אבשלום ; from אב and שלום; father of peace (i.e. friendly); Abshalom, a son of David; also (the fuller form) a later Israelite; Abishalom, Absalom.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H53

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲבִישָׁלוֹם

noun proper masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 52

'Ab is prosperity; 1 Kings 15, 2, or also אַבְשָׁלוֹם abridged 2 Chr. 11, 20.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אַבְשָׁלוֹם

m. proper name • Page 23

father of peace; proper name of the third son of David. 2 Sam. xiii—xviii.

Preposition, Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0053:

No stats available

עבדך עַבְדְּךָ

is serving yourself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עבד

ʻebed

Definition

a servant

Root

from H5647 (עבד);

Exhaustive

from עבד; a servant; [idiom] bondage, bondman, (bond-) servant, (man-) servant.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5650

ך

Definition

your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9021

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Strongs / High • Page 1043

A servant, a slave (whether acquired by captivity/debt/purchase, or born in the house).

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Strongs / High • Page 1044

slave, servant, bondman, subject, willing dependent, instrument; used often as a title of devotion or respect (worshipper, devotee); metaphor for messengers/ambassadors of God, angels, prophets.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Page 486

A servant, courtier, or military officer. Also an honourable title of pious and holy men (e.g., Moses, Joshua, Job, David). Often used as a humble self-reference in the first person. Refs: Gen. 9:25, 1 Sam. 16:17, Deut. 34:5, Josh. 1:1, Ps. 18:1.

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal second person masculine singular

LXX: παῖδεσ παῖσ δοῦλόσ δούλου παῖδασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5650:

παῖδεσ 70× (8.3%)

παῖσ 68× (8.3%)

δοῦλόσ 53× (6.3%)

δούλου 45× (5.5%)

παῖδασ 41× (4.8%)

παίδων 37× (4.5%)

δούλων 37× (4.6%)

δοῦλόν 30× (3.5%)

δούλῳ 28× (3.3%)

δούλουσ 25× (3.0%)

אני אֲנִי

myself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אני

ʼănîy

Definition

I

Root

contracted from H595 (אנכי);

Exhaustive

lemma אני second vowel, corrected to אני; contracted from אנכי; I; I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, [idiom] which, [idiom] who.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H589

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲנִי

pronoun personal • Root אנ • Strongs_Numbers • Page 162

I; the personal pronoun of the first person singular, common gender.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲנִי

pronoun • Page 61

I. Also written אָנֹכִי. The form אֲנִי also occurs in the phrase חַי אָנִי (see חַי).

Pronoun personal first person both singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0589:

No stats available

המלך הַמֶּלֶךְ

the King

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלך

melek

Definition

a king

Root

from H4427 (מלך);

Exhaustive

from מלך; a king; king, royal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

masculine noun • Root מלך • Strongs / High • Page 859

A king, ruler; properly an abstract concept of rule or government, but commonly used concretely. It can refer to a king of a land, city, people, or tribe. The term is also applied to Jehovah, idols, and animals distinguished for strength. It can also mean an adviser or counsellor, and is used as a proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

noun masculine • Page 380

a king. Ezek. 26: 7. 'the king of kings,' a title of the king of Babylon. Spoken frequently of Jehovah, Ps. 5: 3, and of false gods, Am. 5: 26.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: βασιλεὺσ βασιλέωσ βασιλέα βασιλεῖ βασιλεῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4428:

βασιλεὺσ 631× (23.4%)

βασιλέωσ 546× (20.5%)

βασιλέα 419× (15.7%)

βασιλεῖ 196× (7.1%)

βασιλεῖσ 133× (4.9%)

βασιλεύσ 100× (3.5%)

--- 77× (3.2%)

'' 66× (2.3%)

βασιλέων 63× (2.4%)

βασιλεῦσιν 46× (1.6%)

אהיה אֶהְיה

I am

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

היה

hâyâh

Definition

to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

Root

a primitive root (compare H1933 (הוא));

Exhaustive

a primitive root (compare הוא); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary); beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1961

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 397

To be, to exist, to live, to become. A substantive verb used to unite a subject and predicate. It can also mean to happen, to arise, or to belong to. Used in a wide variety of grammatical constructions.

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 591

To be, to become, to exist. The common Hebrew verb for 'to be', considered the root of the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הַיָּה

noun feminine • Page 185

Keri הַוָּה suffering, calamity. Job 6: 2; 30: 13.

הָיָה

verb • Page 184

1. To be (Ex. 20:3, Num. 10:31, etc.); 2. to become (Ex. 4:4, Hos. 3:3, etc.); 3. to happen (Is. 19:15).

Verb Qal imperfect first person common singular

LXX: ἔσται ἐγένετο ἦν ἐγενήθη ἔσονται

LXX Usage Statistics

H1961:

ἔσται 827× (22.9%)

ἐγένετο 634× (16.8%)

ἦν 280× (7.9%)

ἐγενήθη 215× (5.8%)

ἔσονται 160× (4.5%)

ἦσαν 134× (3.8%)

ἐγένοντο 83× (2.3%)

'' 74× (1.9%)

--- 73× (2.2%)

εἶναι 67× (1.7%)

עבד עֶבֶד

male-servant

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עבד

ʻebed

Definition

a servant

Root

from H5647 (עבד);

Exhaustive

from עבד; a servant; [idiom] bondage, bondman, (bond-) servant, (man-) servant.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5650

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Strongs / High • Page 1043

A servant, a slave (whether acquired by captivity/debt/purchase, or born in the house).

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Strongs / High • Page 1044

slave, servant, bondman, subject, willing dependent, instrument; used often as a title of devotion or respect (worshipper, devotee); metaphor for messengers/ambassadors of God, angels, prophets.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Page 486

A servant, courtier, or military officer. Also an honourable title of pious and holy men (e.g., Moses, Joshua, Job, David). Often used as a humble self-reference in the first person. Refs: Gen. 9:25, 1 Sam. 16:17, Deut. 34:5, Josh. 1:1, Ps. 18:1.

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: παῖδεσ παῖσ δοῦλόσ δούλου παῖδασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5650:

παῖδεσ 70× (8.3%)

παῖσ 68× (8.3%)

δοῦλόσ 53× (6.3%)

δούλου 45× (5.5%)

παῖδασ 41× (4.8%)

παίδων 37× (4.5%)

δούλων 37× (4.6%)

δοῦλόν 30× (3.5%)

δούλῳ 28× (3.3%)

δούλουσ 25× (3.0%)

אביך אָבִיךָ

father of yourself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אב

ʼâb

Definition

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application; chief, (fore-) father(-less), [idiom] patrimony, principal. Compare names in 'Abi-'.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1

ך

Definition

your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9021

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָב

noun masculine • Root אבה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 43

Father; benefactor, care-taker, supporter; spiritual benefactor (teacher, instructor, counsellor); chief adviser, Visier; lord, possessor, holder (figuratively in compounds); founder of a domestic society or race; spiritual begetter, i.e. Creator, God.

אָב

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 44

God, as the creator, benefactor, care-taker, ruler; frequently used in compound proper names denoting God.

אָב

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 254

Father (used here as master/teacher)

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָב

m. prim. irreg. • Page 16

1. father, properly so called; freq. 2. grandfather, forefather, ancestor (Gen. 28: 13, 1 K. 15: 11, 1 Chr. 2: 45, Gen. 4: 20, 21). 3. maker, creator (Job 38: 28). In this sense, applied to Jehovah (Is. 63: 16, 64: 7). 4. benefactor, guardian (Job 29: 16, Ps. 68: 6). Applied to the expected Messiah as אֲבִי עַד 'the eternal father of his people' (Is. 9: 5). 5. a title of respect for prophets and priests, even from kings (2 K. 6: 21, 13: 14, Judg. 17: 10). 6. 'father of the king', an oriental expression to designate a vizier or prime minister (Gen. 45: 8).

אָב

noun masculine • Page 17

Father. Beyond the literal sense, it is used for a counsellor or teacher (Gen. 41:43) and figuratively for the grave (Job 17:14). It appears in compound proper names (e.g., Abraham, Abigail) and includes the Chaldee form (Dan. 2:23).

אָב

noun masculine • Root אבה • Page 17

Wish, desire. Core biblical reference: Job 34:36.

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal second person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0001:

No stats available

ואני וַאֲנִי

and myself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אני

ʼănîy

Definition

I

Root

contracted from H595 (אנכי);

Exhaustive

lemma אני second vowel, corrected to אני; contracted from אנכי; I; I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, [idiom] which, [idiom] who.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H589

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲנִי

pronoun personal • Root אנ • Strongs_Numbers • Page 162

I; the personal pronoun of the first person singular, common gender.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲנִי

pronoun • Page 61

I. Also written אָנֹכִי. The form אֲנִי also occurs in the phrase חַי אָנִי (see חַי).

Conjunction, Pronoun personal first person both singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0589:

No stats available

מאז מֵאָז

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אז

ʼâz

Definition

at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore

Root

a demonstrative adverb;

Exhaustive

a demonstrative adverb; at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore; beginning, for, from, hitherto, now, of old, once, since, then, at which time, yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H227

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָז

adverb • Strongs_Numbers • Page 88

Demonstrative adverb originally meaning 'there', transferred to time meaning 'then', 'about that time', 'at that time'. It can function as 'thereupon' or 'hereupon' in a narrative, express the future when connected with the imperfect, or introduce a logical conclusion (apodosis) meaning 'therefore' or 'surely then'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָז

adv. prim. • Page 35

1. then, at that time (Gen. 12:6, Josh. 14:11). 2. then, at some future time (Ps. 96:12, Zeph. 3:9). 3. therefore, on that account (Jer. 22:15, Ps. 40:8). 4. (with prefixes מֵאָז) from that time on, after, since (Ex. 5:23, Gen. 39:5, Ps. 76:8).

Prep-M, Adverb

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0227b:

No stats available

ועתה וְעַתָּה

and

now

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עתה

ʻattâh

Definition

at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive

Root

from H6256 (עת);

Exhaustive

from עת; at this time, whether adverb, conjunction or expletive; henceforth, now, straightway, this time, whereas.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6258

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַתָּה

adverb • Consonantal / Low • Page 1147

Adverb: now; properly: at the time = at present, till now, till the present; opposite of the past in אָז. Used also of the future (if now, i.e. in case).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָתָה

verb transitive • Root עות • Consonantal / Low • Page 1147

(not used) tr. to support, to help.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Conjunction, Adverb

LXX: νῦν νυνὶ --- ἤδη σὺ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6258:

νῦν 370× (84.6%)

νυνὶ 11× (2.8%)

--- 10× (2.5%)

ἤδη 4× (1.0%)

σὺ 4× (1.0%)

οὖν 3× (0.8%)

---% 3× (0.6%)

ἄρτι 2× (0.5%)

ἰδοὺ 2× (0.4%)

'' 2× (0.4%)

ואני וַאֲנִי

and myself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אני

ʼănîy

Definition

I

Root

contracted from H595 (אנכי);

Exhaustive

lemma אני second vowel, corrected to אני; contracted from אנכי; I; I, (as for) me, mine, myself, we, [idiom] which, [idiom] who.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H589

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲנִי

pronoun personal • Root אנ • Strongs_Numbers • Page 162

I; the personal pronoun of the first person singular, common gender.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲנִי

pronoun • Page 61

I. Also written אָנֹכִי. The form אֲנִי also occurs in the phrase חַי אָנִי (see חַי).

Conjunction, Pronoun personal first person both singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0589:

No stats available

עבדך עַבְדֶּךָ

is serving yourself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עבד

ʻebed

Definition

a servant

Root

from H5647 (עבד);

Exhaustive

from עבד; a servant; [idiom] bondage, bondman, (bond-) servant, (man-) servant.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5650

ך

Definition

your, personal posessive - noun suffix: 2nd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 2nd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9021

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Strongs / High • Page 1043

A servant, a slave (whether acquired by captivity/debt/purchase, or born in the house).

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Strongs / High • Page 1044

slave, servant, bondman, subject, willing dependent, instrument; used often as a title of devotion or respect (worshipper, devotee); metaphor for messengers/ambassadors of God, angels, prophets.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֶבֶד

noun masculine • Root עבד • Page 486

A servant, courtier, or military officer. Also an honourable title of pious and holy men (e.g., Moses, Joshua, Job, David). Often used as a humble self-reference in the first person. Refs: Gen. 9:25, 1 Sam. 16:17, Deut. 34:5, Josh. 1:1, Ps. 18:1.

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal second person masculine singular

LXX: παῖδεσ παῖσ δοῦλόσ δούλου παῖδασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5650:

παῖδεσ 70× (8.3%)

παῖσ 68× (8.3%)

δοῦλόσ 53× (6.3%)

δούλου 45× (5.5%)

παῖδασ 41× (4.8%)

παίδων 37× (4.5%)

δούλων 37× (4.6%)

δοῦλόν 30× (3.5%)

δούλῳ 28× (3.3%)

δούλουσ 25× (3.0%)

והפרתה וְהֵפַרְתָּה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

פרר

pârar

Definition

to break up (usually figuratively), i.e. to violate, frustrate

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to break up (usually figuratively), i.e. to violate, frustrate; [idiom] any ways, break (asunder), cast off, cause to cease, [idiom] clean, defeat, disannul, disappoint, dissolve, divide, make of none effect, fail, frustrate, bring (come) to nought, [idiom] utterly, make void.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6565

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פָּרַר

verb • Root פור • Strongs / High • Page 1197

I. Equals פּוּר I. To break in pieces, to reduce to fragments, to crush; figuratively: to destroy, to overthrow.

פָּרַר

i. • Root פור • Strongs / High • Page 1197

I. Is identical with the original root פּוּר.

פָּרַר

ii. tr. • Root פרר • Strongs / High • Page 1197

II. (unused) tr. Same as פּוּר II. To bore, to hollow out, to deepen.

פָּרַר

iii. trans. • Root פרר • Strongs / High • Page 1197

III. (not used) trans. To break forth; to break through, to bear, to bring forth (of animals).

פָּרַר

iv. intrans. • Root פרר • Strongs / High • Page 1197

IV. (unused) intrans. Same as פּוּר II. To run swiftly, to run, to flee; then to flow swiftly.

פָּרַר

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1200

To be weak, soft, to be sweet. (Used for linguistic derivation discussion related to פְּרָת).

conjunctive, Verb Hiphil sequential perfect second person masculine singular

LXX: διασκεδάσαι διασκεδάσει παρέβη περιέλῃ περιελὼν

LXX Usage Statistics

H6565a:

διασκεδάσαι 7× (12.5%)

διασκεδάσει 3× (6.0%)

παρέβη 2× (4.0%)

περιέλῃ 2× (4.0%)

περιελὼν 2× (4.0%)

διασκεδάσω 2× (4.0%)

--- 2× (4.0%)

διεσκέδασαν 2× (3.7%)

διεσκέδασεν 2× (3.7%)

διασκέδασον 2× (3.7%)

לי לִי

to myself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ני

Definition

me, personal pronoun - verb/prep. suffix: 1st person common singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 1st person singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9030

Preposition -For/Into Art, Suffix pronominal first person both singular

את אֵת

את-self eternal

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

Direct object eternal self

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

עצת עֲצַת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עצה

ʻêtsâh

Definition

advice; by implication, plan; also prudence

Root

from H3289 (יעץ);

Exhaustive

from יעץ; advice; by implication, plan; also prudence; advice, advisement, counsel(l-(or)), purpose.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6098

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֵצָה

fem. collect. • Strongs / High • Page 1120

fem. collect. wood, wood-work.

עֵצָה

noun feminine • Root יעץ • Strongs / High • Page 1120

1. sweet discourse of friendship. 2. purpose, determination, plan, expedient. 3. Metaphor. wisdom, prudence, counsel, intelligence.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֵצָה

noun feminine • Root עץ • Page 521

I. fem. of עֵץ, used collectively, wood, i. q. עֵצִים. Jer. 6:6.

עֵצָה

f. const. עֲצַת • Root יעץ • Page 521

II. 1. counsel given or received. 2 Sam. 16:20. 2. purpose, design, plan. Is. 19:3. 3. wisdom, reflection, consilium. Is. 11:2.

Noun common feminine singular construct

LXX: βουλὴν βουλὴ βουλῇ βουλήν βουλή

LXX Usage Statistics

H6098:

βουλὴν 30× (31.4%)

βουλὴ 19× (19.2%)

βουλῇ 8× (7.5%)

βουλήν 7× (7.5%)

βουλή 3× (2.7%)

βουλαῖσ 3× (3.1%)

ὡσ 2× (2.4%)

βουλῆσ 2× (2.4%)

--- 2× (2.4%)

βουλὰσ 2× (2.4%)

אחיתפל אֲחִיתֹפֶל׃

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אחיתפל

ʼĂchîythôphel

Definition

Achithophel, an Israelite

Root

from H251 (אח) and H8602 (תפל); brother of folly;

Exhaustive

from אח and תפל; brother of folly; Achithophel, an Israelite; Ahithophel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H302

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲחִיתֹפֶל

noun proper masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 101

(God is a spinner of plans, i.e. counsellor) proper name, masculine.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0302:

No stats available

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And if to the city, thou shalt turn back and say to Absalom, I will be thy servant, O king; thy father's servant from then, and now thy servant: and thou didst frustrate for me the counsel of Ahithophel.

LITV Translation:
But if you return to the city, and shall say to Absalom, I also will be your servant, O king; I was servant of your father before now; and now I am also your servant. Then you can break down the counsel of Ahithophel for me.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
but if thou shall return to the city, and shalt say to Absalom, Thy brethren are passed over, and the king thy father is passed over after me: and now I am thy servant, O king, suffer me to live: at one time even of late I was the servant of thy father, and now I am thy humble servant—so shalt thou disconcert for me the counsel of Ahithophel.