2 Samuel 12:30

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ויקח וַיִּקַּח

and he is taking

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

לקח

lâqach

Definition

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to take (in the widest variety of applications); accept, bring, buy, carry away, drawn, fetch, get, infold, [idiom] many, mingle, place, receive(-ing), reserve, seize, send for, take (away, -ing, up), use, win.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3947

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

לָקַח

transitive verb • Root לקח • Strongs / High • Page 791

tr. to take, lay hold of, seize, with the hand; to catch; to take away from a thing.

לָקַח

verb • Root לקח • Strongs / High • Page 792

To take, take from; to take away, as prey, to kill; to conquer; to take along, lead; to procure, bring, fetch; to receive, accept, obtain; to undertake; to buy.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

לָקַח

verb • Page 348

1. to take (often pleonastically). Gen. 12:5. 2. to seize or lay hold of. Ezek. 8:3. 3. to take away. Gen. 4:12. 4. to take, capture, occupare. Num. 21:25. 5. to receive, obtain, acquire. Num. 23:20. 6. to admit, take up, receive. Prov. 2:1.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἔλαβεν λαβὲ λήμψῃ ἔλαβον λήμψεται

LXX Usage Statistics

H3947:

ἔλαβεν 254× (24.8%)

λαβὲ 73× (7.8%)

λήμψῃ 57× (5.7%)

ἔλαβον 57× (5.7%)

λήμψεται 50× (5.1%)

λαβεῖν 32× (3.4%)

λήμψονται 30× (3.0%)

λαβὼν 28× (2.7%)

λάβετε 25× (2.7%)

λήμψομαι 21× (2.1%)

את אֶת־

את-self eternal

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

את

ʼêth

Definition

a hoe or other digging implement

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H855

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

Direct object eternal self

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

H0855:

No stats available

עטרת עֲטֶרֶת־

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עטרה

ʻăṭârâh

Definition

a crown

Root

from H5849 (עטר);

Exhaustive

from עטר; a crown; crown.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5850

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֲטָרָה

noun feminine • Root עטר • Strongs / High • Page 1079

1. A crown (literal or fig., token of dignity, honour, or ornament). 2. (ornament) n. p. f. 1 Chr. 2, 26.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֲטָרָה

f. const. עֲטֶרֶת / plur. עֲטָרוֹת • Root עטר • Page 502

crown, diadem. (2 Sam. 12:30, Job 19:9, Prov. 12:4, etc.)

Noun common feminine singular construct

LXX: στέφανοσ στέφανον στεφάνῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5850:

στέφανοσ 10× (42.4%)

στέφανον 9× (37.8%)

στεφάνῳ 3× (11.9%)

מלכם מַלְכָּם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מלך

melek

Definition

a king

Root

from H4427 (מלך);

Exhaustive

from מלך; a king; king, royal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4428

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

masculine noun • Root מלך • Strongs / High • Page 859

A king, ruler; properly an abstract concept of rule or government, but commonly used concretely. It can refer to a king of a land, city, people, or tribe. The term is also applied to Jehovah, idols, and animals distinguished for strength. It can also mean an adviser or counsellor, and is used as a proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

noun masculine • Page 380

a king. Ezek. 26: 7. 'the king of kings,' a title of the king of Babylon. Spoken frequently of Jehovah, Ps. 5: 3, and of false gods, Am. 5: 26.

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: βασιλεὺσ βασιλέωσ βασιλέα βασιλεῖ βασιλεῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4428:

βασιλεὺσ 631× (23.4%)

βασιλέωσ 546× (20.5%)

βασιλέα 419× (15.7%)

βασιλεῖ 196× (7.1%)

βασιλεῖσ 133× (4.9%)

βασιλεύσ 100× (3.5%)

--- 77× (3.2%)

'' 66× (2.3%)

βασιλέων 63× (2.4%)

βασιλεῦσιν 46× (1.6%)

מעל מֵעַל

from upon

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

על

ʻal

Definition

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Root

properly, the same as H5920 (על) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following);

Exhaustive

properly, the same as על used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5921

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַל

adjective / noun • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

Highest; same as עֶלְיוֹן. This form is abridged from עָלָה and derived from עָלַי (like יַד from יָדָה I.), serving as the construct form עֲלֵי (out of עֲלַאי).

עַל

preposition / adverb • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

A preposition: upon, over, above, super, in the widest sense. It expresses protecting, covering, resting above upon (answering to 'where'); motion toward the upper surface (answering to 'whither?'); local direction to a more distant agency; or proximity/timing ('with, at'). Used figuratively as dat. commodi and incommodi, meaning a burden or duty upon one, or with certain verbs replacing the dative case. Also expresses motion down upon or up to, sometimes interchanging with אֶל.

עַל

preposition / adverb • Strongs / High • Page 1089

Preposition or Adverb meaning upon, over, at, above (denoting physical overtopping or mental superiority/dominion); expressing addition (to, reckoned to); proximity (by, around); suitability (according to); or occasionally used concessively (though, quanquam).

עַל

preposition / particle / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Properly, over, upon, concerning, notwithstanding, against, towards, for the sake of, on account of. Used to express position, antithesis, or distance (away from). After certain verbs, signifies giving way, removing, or fleeing. Also forms various compound particles (e.g., עַל-מָה, עַל-כֵּן, עַל אֲשֶׁר).

עַל

preposition (aramaic) • Root אלא • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew עַל. Means: Upon, over, on account of, unto, against, or dative. (Used with suffixes like עָלַי, עָלֵךְ, עֲלֵיהוֹן).

עַל

noun / prepos. • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה, listed as a noun and a preposition.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַל

substantive / adverb / adjective • Root עלה • Page 507

Strictly a substantive meaning whatever is high or uppermost (Hos. 7:16, 11:7). Used as an adverb: (1.) 'above' (Gen. 27:39, 49:25; Ps. 50:4). Used as an adjective: (2.) 'high' (2 Sam. 23:1).

Prep-M, Preposition

LXX: ἐπὶ ἐπ' ἐφ' τοῦτο ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H5921a:

ἐπὶ 1722× (33.1%)

ἐπ' 701× (13.4%)

ἐφ' 195× (3.7%)

τοῦτο 116× (1.9%)

'' 116× (1.9%)

περὶ 113× (2.2%)

ἀπὸ 108× (2.1%)

--- 108× (2.1%)

αὐτοὺσ 95× (1.6%)

εἰσ 93× (1.8%)

ראשו רֹאשׁ֜וֹ

the head of himself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ראש

rôʼsh

Definition

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

Root

from an unused root apparently meaning to shake;

Exhaustive

from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.); band, beginning, captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company, end, [idiom] every (man), excellent, first, forefront, (be-)head, height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), [idiom] lead, [idiom] poor, principal, ruler, sum, top.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7218

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רֹאשׁ

noun • Strongs / High • Page 1330

Poppy (reference to DEUT. 32, 32).

רֹאשׁ

noun / masculine • Root ראש • Strongs / High • Page 1311

1. Prop. skull; hence head, of men or animals. 2. Metaphor of things: the point, summit, capital, scepter, the highest. Fig. principal, highest (as of oil or feelings), a prince, king, principal person. The sum, total, multitude. The foremost, first, beginning.

רֹאשׁ

noun masculine • Root ראש • Strongs / High • Page 1312

1. Source of a river; beginning, commencement (of time). 2. Poison (רוֹשׁ), poisonous berries/water; fig. viciousness.

רֹאשׁ

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1312

n. p. of a people (Rosh) belonging to the Scythian king Gog, dwelling in the high north (identified by some classical writers with Russians/Roxolani).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

רָאשׁ

adjective • Page 602

poor. See רוּשׁ.

רֹאשׁ

noun masculine • Root ראש ראש • Page 603

1. a head. —נָתַן בְּרֹאשׁ to let come on the head of any one, Ezek. 9: 10, 11: 21. בְּרֵאשֵׁינוּ with the danger of our heads, 1 Chr. 12: 19. 2. the first or highest in its kind. Hence (1.) a head, chief, leader (1 Sam. 15: 17, Ex. 6: 14, 25). (2.) a chief city, metropolis (Josh. 11: 10). (3.) the highest place, first rank—כֹּהֵן הָרֹאשׁ the high-priest (2 Chr. 19: 11). (4.) the top or highest part, as of a mountain (Gen. 8: 5), of a tower (Gen. 11: 4). Metaphorically רֹאשׁ שִׂמְחָה the highest joy (Ps. 137: 6). 3. the first; e. g. רֹאשׁ הַחֳדָשִׁים the first month (Ex. 12: 2). 4. the sum, the whole number (Lev. 5: 24, Ps. 119: 160). 5. a company, multitude, host (Judg. 7: 16, 1 Sam. 11: 11).

רֹאשׁ

prop. er name • Page 603

Proper name of a Scythian people, mentioned in connexion with Meshech and Tubal, in the northern parts of Asia Minor (Ezek. 38: 2, 3. 39: 1). The Byzantine writers speak of a rude and savage people about the northern Taurus, called Pōs, (Russians?).

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: κεφαλὴν κεφαλῆσ ἄρχοντεσ κεφαλήν κεφαλὰσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7218a:

κεφαλὴν 123× (18.7%)

κεφαλῆσ 55× (8.5%)

ἄρχοντεσ 50× (8.4%)

κεφαλήν 34× (5.2%)

κεφαλὰσ 29× (4.4%)

ἄρχων 21× (3.4%)

κεφαλὴ 19× (2.8%)

ἀρχῆσ 15× (2.3%)

κορυφῆσ 14× (2.0%)

κορυφὴν 13× (2.0%)

ומשקלה וּמִשְׁקָלָהּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

משקל

mishqâl

Definition

weight (numerically estimated); hence, weighing (the act)

Root

from H8254 (שקל);

Exhaustive

from שקל; weight (numerically estimated); hence, weighing (the act); (full) weight.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4948

ה

Definition

her, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person feminine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person feminine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9024

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִשְׁקָל

masculine noun • Root שקל • Strongs / High • Page 924

Weight; sometimes a fixed weight, sometimes heaviness generally.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִשְׁקָל

m. verbal • Root שקל • Page 417

weight. Lev. 19:35. 1 Chr. 22:3 אֵין מִשְׁקָל so as not to be weighed. Verse 14.

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person feminine singular

LXX: ὁλκὴ σταθμὸσ σταθμὸν σταθμῷ σταθμόσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4948:

ὁλκὴ 16× (35.7%)

σταθμὸσ 10× (18.2%)

σταθμὸν 5× (10.3%)

σταθμῷ 5× (9.2%)

σταθμόσ 3× (6.4%)

'' 3× (5.7%)

ὁλκῆσ 2× (4.5%)

ככר כִּכַּר

a round loaf

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ככר

kikkâr

Definition

a circle, i.e. (by implication) a circumjacent tract or region, especially the Ghor or valley of the Jordan; also a (round) loaf; also a talent (or large [round] coin)

Root

from H3769 (כרר);

Exhaustive

from כרר; a circle, i.e. (by implication) a circumjacent tract or region, especially the Ghor or valley of the Jordan; also a (round) loaf; also a talent (or large [round] coin); loaf, morsel, piece, plain, talent.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3603

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כִּכָּר

noun / masculine and feminine • Root כרר • Strongs / High • Page 695

Contracted from כָּרַר. 1. A circuit, a circumjacent tract, the environs of a city; commonly the circuit of the Jordan. 2. A round loaf or cake. 3. A round, circular weight, a mass of metal melted in a round form; commonly a talent.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כִּכָּר

noun feminine • Root כרר • Page 315

Literally a circle. 1. Circuit, surrounding country (Neh. 12:28, Gen. 13:10, 11). 2. A round cake or loaf of bread (Ex. 29:23, 1 Sam. 2:36). 3. A weight, a talent (Ex. 38:25, Zech. 5:7, 1 K. 9:14).

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: τάλαντα τάλαντον ταλάντων --- ἄρτον

LXX Usage Statistics

H3603:

τάλαντα 31× (45.2%)

τάλαντον 8× (11.7%)

ταλάντων 6× (8.7%)

--- 2× (3.0%)

ἄρτον 2× (3.0%)

ἕνα 2× (2.5%)

περιχώρου 2× (2.5%)

περίχωρον 2× (2.5%)

περιχώρῳ 2× (2.3%)

זהב זָהָב

gold

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זהב

zâhâb

Definition

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky

Root

from an unused root meaning to shimmer;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to shimmer; gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e. yellow), as oil, a clear sky; gold(-en), fair weather.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2091

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זָהָב

noun masculine • Root זהב • Strongs / High • Page 426

1. gold, as metal. 2. Figuratively, oil, so called from its shining colour; perhaps also the sun or the golden brightness of the sky.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

זָהָב

m. prim. • Page 198

1. gold (Gen. 24:22, 53. 36:39). 2. figuratively the golden splendour (of the firmament), Job 37:22; gold-coloured oil, Zech. 4:12.

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: χρυσίον χρυσίου χρυσίῳ '' χρυσᾶ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2091:

χρυσίον 81× (17.4%)

χρυσίου 71× (16.5%)

χρυσίῳ 39× (9.3%)

'' 29× (6.3%)

χρυσᾶ 25× (6.0%)

χρυσοῦσ 22× (5.4%)

χρυσῶν 19× (4.6%)

χρυσοῦν 18× (4.3%)

χρυσᾶσ 14× (3.5%)

pἐκ 14× (3.6%)

ואבן וְאֶבֶן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אבן

ʼeben

Definition

a stone

Root

from the root of H1129 (בנה) through the meaning to build;

Exhaustive

from the root of בנה through the meaning to build; a stone; [phrase] carbuncle, [phrase] mason, [phrase] plummet, (chalk-, hail-, head-, sling-) stone(-ny), (divers) weight(-s).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H68

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֶבֶן

noun feminine • Root אבן • Strongs_Numbers • Page 54

A rock, a stone; often as material: smooth stones, precious stones, ore.

אֶבֶן

noun feminine • Root אבן • Strongs_Numbers • Page 55

A stone. (Definite form: אַבְנָא). Used in Daniel 2:34, 45. Also 'a burdensome stone' (Ezra 5:8, 6:4), referring to heavy large stones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶבֶן

noun feminine • Page 22

1. stone (Gen. 31: 46; Job 28: 2). 2. by way of eminence, a precious stone (1 K. 10: 2, 11). 3. rock, fortress, in a metaphorical sense (Gen. 49: 24). 4. a weight (Zech. 5: 8; Is. 34: 11). 5. אֶבֶן הָעֵזֶר (stone of help) proper name of a stone placed by Samuel (1 Sam. 4: 1). 6. אֶבֶן הָאָזֶל (stone of departure) proper name (1 Sam. 20: 19).

Conjunction, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0068:

No stats available

יקרה יְקָרָה

precious

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יקר

yâqâr

Definition

valuable (objectively or subjectively)

Root

from H3365 (יקר);

Exhaustive

from יקר; valuable (objectively or subjectively); brightness, clear, costly, excellent, fat, honourable women, precious, reputation.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3368

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָקָר

adjective • Root יקר • Strongs / High • Page 640

A derivative of יָקַר. dear, splendid, shining, distinguished, honourable, composed, meek, mild.

יָקָר

adjective • Root יקר • Strongs / High • Page 641

1. Contracting, hence figuratively reserved, thoughtful. 2. Weighty, heavy, large (e.g., of building stones). 3. Great, powerful, considerable (in number). 4. Dear, costly, precious; also splendid, majestic.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָקָר

verb • Root יקר • Page 295

1. heavy. 2. dear, costly, precious; used collectively for costly stones (1 K. 10:2, 10, 11; 2 Chr. 3:7). 3. magnificent, majestic (Job 31:26). 4. rare (1 Sam. 3:1). 5. Prov. 17:27 Keri perhaps quiet of spirit.

יָקָר

noun masculine • Root יקר • Page 295

1. worth, costliness (Prov. 20:15; Job 28:10; Jer. 20:5). 2. honour, respect (Ps. 49:13, 21; Est. 1:20). 3. magnificence, splendour (Est. 1:4; Ps. 37:20).

Adjective adjective feminine singular absolute

LXX: τίμιον τιμίοισ τιμίου τίμιοσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3368:

τίμιον 11× (30.1%)

τιμίοισ 3× (8.2%)

τιμίου 3× (7.8%)

τίμιοσ 2× (5.5%)

ותהי וַתְּהי

and she is becoming

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

היה

hâyâh

Definition

to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

Root

a primitive root (compare H1933 (הוא));

Exhaustive

a primitive root (compare הוא); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary); beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1961

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 397

To be, to exist, to live, to become. A substantive verb used to unite a subject and predicate. It can also mean to happen, to arise, or to belong to. Used in a wide variety of grammatical constructions.

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 591

To be, to become, to exist. The common Hebrew verb for 'to be', considered the root of the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הַיָּה

noun feminine • Page 185

Keri הַוָּה suffering, calamity. Job 6: 2; 30: 13.

הָיָה

verb • Page 184

1. To be (Ex. 20:3, Num. 10:31, etc.); 2. to become (Ex. 4:4, Hos. 3:3, etc.); 3. to happen (Is. 19:15).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person feminine singular

LXX: ἔσται ἐγένετο ἦν ἐγενήθη ἔσονται

LXX Usage Statistics

H1961:

ἔσται 827× (22.9%)

ἐγένετο 634× (16.8%)

ἦν 280× (7.9%)

ἐγενήθη 215× (5.8%)

ἔσονται 160× (4.5%)

ἦσαν 134× (3.8%)

ἐγένοντο 83× (2.3%)

'' 74× (1.9%)

--- 73× (2.2%)

εἶναι 67× (1.7%)

על עַל־

upon/against/yoke

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

על

ʻal

Definition

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Root

properly, the same as H5920 (על) used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following);

Exhaustive

properly, the same as על used as a preposition (in the singular or plural often with prefix, or as conjunction with a particle following); above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications; above, according to(-ly), after, (as) against, among, and, [idiom] as, at, because of, beside (the rest of), between, beyond the time, [idiom] both and, by (reason of), [idiom] had the charge of, concerning for, in (that), (forth, out) of, (from) (off), (up-) on, over, than, through(-out), to, touching, [idiom] with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5921

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַל

adjective / noun • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

Highest; same as עֶלְיוֹן. This form is abridged from עָלָה and derived from עָלַי (like יַד from יָדָה I.), serving as the construct form עֲלֵי (out of עֲלַאי).

עַל

preposition / adverb • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1088

A preposition: upon, over, above, super, in the widest sense. It expresses protecting, covering, resting above upon (answering to 'where'); motion toward the upper surface (answering to 'whither?'); local direction to a more distant agency; or proximity/timing ('with, at'). Used figuratively as dat. commodi and incommodi, meaning a burden or duty upon one, or with certain verbs replacing the dative case. Also expresses motion down upon or up to, sometimes interchanging with אֶל.

עַל

preposition / adverb • Strongs / High • Page 1089

Preposition or Adverb meaning upon, over, at, above (denoting physical overtopping or mental superiority/dominion); expressing addition (to, reckoned to); proximity (by, around); suitability (according to); or occasionally used concessively (though, quanquam).

עַל

preposition / particle / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Properly, over, upon, concerning, notwithstanding, against, towards, for the sake of, on account of. Used to express position, antithesis, or distance (away from). After certain verbs, signifies giving way, removing, or fleeing. Also forms various compound particles (e.g., עַל-מָה, עַל-כֵּן, עַל אֲשֶׁר).

עַל

preposition (aramaic) • Root אלא • Strongs / High • Page 1090

Aramaic equivalent of the Hebrew עַל. Means: Upon, over, on account of, unto, against, or dative. (Used with suffixes like עָלַי, עָלֵךְ, עֲלֵיהוֹן).

עַל

noun / prepos. • Root עלה • Strongs / High • Page 1092

Derivative of עָלָה, listed as a noun and a preposition.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַל

substantive / adverb / adjective • Root עלה • Page 507

Strictly a substantive meaning whatever is high or uppermost (Hos. 7:16, 11:7). Used as an adverb: (1.) 'above' (Gen. 27:39, 49:25; Ps. 50:4). Used as an adjective: (2.) 'high' (2 Sam. 23:1).

Preposition

LXX: ἐπὶ ἐπ' ἐφ' τοῦτο ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H5921a:

ἐπὶ 1722× (33.1%)

ἐπ' 701× (13.4%)

ἐφ' 195× (3.7%)

τοῦτο 116× (1.9%)

'' 116× (1.9%)

περὶ 113× (2.2%)

ἀπὸ 108× (2.1%)

--- 108× (2.1%)

αὐτοὺσ 95× (1.6%)

εἰσ 93× (1.8%)

ראש רֹאשׁ

head

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ראש

rôʼsh

Definition

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

Root

from an unused root apparently meaning to shake;

Exhaustive

from an unused root apparently meaning to shake; the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.); band, beginning, captain, chapiter, chief(-est place, man, things), company, end, [idiom] every (man), excellent, first, forefront, (be-)head, height, (on) high(-est part, (priest)), [idiom] lead, [idiom] poor, principal, ruler, sum, top.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7218

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רֹאשׁ

noun • Strongs / High • Page 1330

Poppy (reference to DEUT. 32, 32).

רֹאשׁ

noun / masculine • Root ראש • Strongs / High • Page 1311

1. Prop. skull; hence head, of men or animals. 2. Metaphor of things: the point, summit, capital, scepter, the highest. Fig. principal, highest (as of oil or feelings), a prince, king, principal person. The sum, total, multitude. The foremost, first, beginning.

רֹאשׁ

noun masculine • Root ראש • Strongs / High • Page 1312

1. Source of a river; beginning, commencement (of time). 2. Poison (רוֹשׁ), poisonous berries/water; fig. viciousness.

רֹאשׁ

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1312

n. p. of a people (Rosh) belonging to the Scythian king Gog, dwelling in the high north (identified by some classical writers with Russians/Roxolani).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

רָאשׁ

adjective • Page 602

poor. See רוּשׁ.

רֹאשׁ

noun masculine • Root ראש ראש • Page 603

1. a head. —נָתַן בְּרֹאשׁ to let come on the head of any one, Ezek. 9: 10, 11: 21. בְּרֵאשֵׁינוּ with the danger of our heads, 1 Chr. 12: 19. 2. the first or highest in its kind. Hence (1.) a head, chief, leader (1 Sam. 15: 17, Ex. 6: 14, 25). (2.) a chief city, metropolis (Josh. 11: 10). (3.) the highest place, first rank—כֹּהֵן הָרֹאשׁ the high-priest (2 Chr. 19: 11). (4.) the top or highest part, as of a mountain (Gen. 8: 5), of a tower (Gen. 11: 4). Metaphorically רֹאשׁ שִׂמְחָה the highest joy (Ps. 137: 6). 3. the first; e. g. רֹאשׁ הַחֳדָשִׁים the first month (Ex. 12: 2). 4. the sum, the whole number (Lev. 5: 24, Ps. 119: 160). 5. a company, multitude, host (Judg. 7: 16, 1 Sam. 11: 11).

רֹאשׁ

prop. er name • Page 603

Proper name of a Scythian people, mentioned in connexion with Meshech and Tubal, in the northern parts of Asia Minor (Ezek. 38: 2, 3. 39: 1). The Byzantine writers speak of a rude and savage people about the northern Taurus, called Pōs, (Russians?).

Noun common both singular construct

LXX: κεφαλὴν κεφαλῆσ ἄρχοντεσ κεφαλήν κεφαλὰσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7218a:

κεφαλὴν 123× (18.7%)

κεφαλῆσ 55× (8.5%)

ἄρχοντεσ 50× (8.4%)

κεφαλήν 34× (5.2%)

κεφαλὰσ 29× (4.4%)

ἄρχων 21× (3.4%)

κεφαλὴ 19× (2.8%)

ἀρχῆσ 15× (2.3%)

κορυφῆσ 14× (2.0%)

κορυφὴν 13× (2.0%)

דוד דָּוד

David

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

דוד

Dâvid

Definition

David, the youngest son of Jesse

Root

rarely (fully); דויד; from the same as H1730 (דוד); loving;

Exhaustive

rarely (fully); דויד; from the same as דוד; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse; David.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1732

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דָּוִד

proper noun • Root דוד • Strongs / High • Page 358

Proper noun of the famous Israelite king, founder of a dynasty (1055-1015 B.C.) and chief composer of the Psalter. Meaning loving, joiner, or beloved.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דָּוִד

noun masculine • Root , דוד • Page 158

David, son of Jesse, king of Israel. 1 Sam. xvi. ff. 2 Sam. 1 Chr. xii.-xxx. Zion, 1 K. 3:1. The posterity of David, the royal family, Is. 7:2, 13.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: δαυιδ '' --- ὡσ αὐτοῦ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1732:

δαυιδ 966× (90.3%)

'' 45× (3.7%)

--- 28× (2.7%)

ὡσ 9× (0.9%)

αὐτοῦ 2× (0.2%)

ψαλμὸσ 2× (0.2%)

βασιλεὺσ 2× (0.2%)

βασιλεῖ 2× (0.2%)

ושלל וּשְׁלַל

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שלל

shâlâl

Definition

booty

Root

from H7997 (שלל);

Exhaustive

from שלל; booty; prey, spoil.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7998

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁלָל

noun masculine • Root שלל • Strongs / High • Page 1436

1. What is drawn from or torn from an enemy; hence booty, spoil, exuviae. 2. Gain by labour, profit.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁלָל

m. verbal • Root שלל • Page 680

1. A prey, spoil, booty (Gen. 49:27; Ps. 68:13; Jer. 21:9). 2. Booty, gain, profit (Prov. 31:11).

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: σκῦλα σκύλων προνομὴν εὕρεμα αὐτῆσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7998:

σκῦλα 35× (46.1%)

σκύλων 14× (16.1%)

προνομὴν 7× (8.8%)

εὕρεμα 3× (3.8%)

αὐτῆσ 3× (3.1%)

προνομήν 2× (2.7%)

העיר הָעִיר

the City

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עיר

ʻîyr

Definition

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Root

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור)

Exhaustive

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5892

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1061

Proper name masculine meaning 'one setting up, strengthening'.

עִיר

noun feminine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1083

1. An enclosed, fenced place, proceeding from the verb-idea 'to fence round, encircle, enclose'; hence town, city. 2. dwelling.

עִיר

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1084

1. A tower, a castle, a tower of watch; 2. A city generally, also a village, hamlet, or encampment; 3. Part of a city; 4. Metaphor for the inhabitants of a city.

עִיר

noun masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

Heat, anger, wrath.

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A proper name (a man mentioned in 1 Chr. 7, 12).

עִיר

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A watcher (Aram.), referring to archangels, good angels, or fallen ones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֵעִיר

verb • Root עור • Page 498

1. To awaken from sleep. Zech. 4:1. 2. To stir up (e.g., the leviathan). Job 41:2; Deut. 32:11. 3. intrans. to awake. Ps. 35:23; Job 8:6.

עִיר

noun feminine • Page 505

I. a city. References include city of God (Ps. 46: 5), the holy city (Neh. 11: 1), and several proper names like city of salt and city of palms (Jericho).

עִיר

noun • Page 505

II. perhaps anger, hostile attack. Jer. 15:8; Hos. 11:9. Comp. Arab. med. Vav to attack, assault.

עִיר

m. chald. • Page 505

a watcher, a name of angels in the later Jewish demonology, so called because they watch over the souls of men. Dan. 4: 10, 14, 20.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: πόλεισ πόλιν πόλεωσ πόλει πόλισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5892b:

πόλεισ 250× (22.9%)

πόλιν 200× (17.5%)

πόλεωσ 192× (17.0%)

πόλει 120× (9.9%)

πόλισ 83× (7.5%)

πόλεσιν 76× (6.1%)

πόλεων 50× (4.4%)

'' 35× (3.1%)

--- 26× (2.7%)

pεἰσ 16× (1.7%)

הוציא הוֹציא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יצא

yâtsâʼ

Definition

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim.; [idiom] after, appear, [idiom] assuredly, bear out, [idiom] begotten, break out, bring forth (out, up), carry out, come (abroad, out, thereat, without), [phrase] be condemned, depart(-ing, -ure), draw forth, in the end, escape, exact, fail, fall (out), fetch forth (out), get away (forth, hence, out), (able to, cause to, let) go abroad (forth, on, out), going out, grow, have forth (out), issue out, lay (lie) out, lead out, pluck out, proceed, pull out, put away, be risen, [idiom] scarce, send with commandment, shoot forth, spread, spring out, stand out, [idiom] still, [idiom] surely, take forth (out), at any time, [idiom] to (and fro), utter.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3318

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָצָא

verb • Root יצא • Strongs / High • Page 631

intransitive verb, 1. expressing self-activity, to go out, to go forth.

יָצָא

verb • Root יצא • Strongs / High • Page 632

To go out, go forth, come out, proceed. It has a wide range of applications including to walk, to go to war, to travel, to be freed, to be born, to sprout, to arise, to appear, to escape, to be published or issued.

יָצָא

verb • Root יצא • Strongs / High • Page 929

A root that interchanges with נָצָה, showing y/n interchange.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָצָא

verb • Page 292

To go out, to go forth. Gen. 44:4, Amos 4:3. Special meanings: (1) to arise (sun/stars) Gen. 19:23; (2) to spring up (plants) Job 5:6; (3) to be begotten or descended from Gen. 17:6; (4) to expire, be finished (time) Ex. 23:16; (5) to become free Ex. 21:2; (6) to be laid out or expended (money) 2 K. 12:13; (7) to escape Ecc. 7:18.

Verb Hiphil perfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἐξῆλθεν ἐξελεύσεται ἐξῆλθον ἐξήγαγεν ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H3318:

ἐξῆλθεν 178× (15.7%)

ἐξελεύσεται 78× (7.2%)

ἐξῆλθον 39× (3.4%)

ἐξήγαγεν 39× (3.5%)

'' 25× (2.1%)

ἐξελθεῖν 23× (1.9%)

αὐτοὺσ 23× (1.6%)

ἐξελεύσονται 22× (2.0%)

ἐκπορευόμενοσ 21× (1.7%)

ἐξήγαγον 19× (1.7%)

הרבה הַרְבֵּה

abundantly

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

רבה

râbâh

Definition

to increase (in whatever respect)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to increase (in whatever respect); (bring in) abundance ([idiom] -antly), [phrase] archer (by mistake for רבב), be in authority, bring up, [idiom] continue, enlarge, excel, exceeding(-ly), be full of, (be, make) great(-er, -ly, [idiom] -ness), grow up, heap, increase, be long, (be, give, have, make, use) many (a time), (any, be, give, give the, have) more (in number), (ask, be, be so, gather, over, take, yield) much (greater, more), (make to) multiply, nourish, plenty(-eous), [idiom] process (of time), sore, store, thoroughly, very.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7235

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רָבָה

verb • Root רבה • Strongs / High • Page 1315

I. To be long, of a way; to be abundant; to grow up, to become large/great; to be mighty.

רָבָה

verb • Root רבה • Strongs / High • Page 1315

I. To practise usury; to increase, to multiply, to be numerous.

רָבָה

verb • Root רבה • Strongs / High • Page 1315

II. To cast, to hurl. (Only used in participle form, may mean archer).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הִרְבָּה

hiph. v. • Root רבה • Page 605

1. To make numerous, to increase (Gen. 3:16, Prov. 22:16, Hos. 10:1). 2. To make great, enlarge (1 Chr. 4:10, Job 34:37). 3. To have much or many (1 Chr. 7:4, Lev. 11:42). 4. To give much (Ex. 30:15). 5. Forms a periphrasis for the adv. much (1 Sam. 1:12, Ex. 36:5, Ps. 78:38). Infin. absol. הַרְבֵּה used as an adv. much (Ecc. 5:11).

רָבָה

verb • Root רבה • Page 605

1. To be or become many or numerous, to increase (Gen. 1:22, 28, 9:1, 7, Ex. 1:20). 2. To be great (Gen. 43:34, Job 33:12), to become great, to grow (Deut. 30:16, Gen. 21:20).

Verb Hiphil infinitive absolute

LXX: πληθυνῶ ἐπλήθυνεν πολλὰ ἐπλήθυνασ πληθυνεῖ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7235a:

πληθυνῶ 16× (6.1%)

ἐπλήθυνεν 13× (5.5%)

πολλὰ 13× (5.6%)

ἐπλήθυνασ 8× (3.2%)

πληθυνεῖ 7× (2.8%)

πληθύνεσθε 7× (2.6%)

πολλά 7× (3.0%)

πολὺ 6× (2.3%)

πληθύνων 6× (2.4%)

ἐπληθύνθησαν 6× (2.4%)

מאד מְאֹד׃

exceeding/greatness

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מאד

mᵉʼôd

Definition

properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlative; especially when repeated)

Root

from the same as H181 (אוד);

Exhaustive

from the same as אוד; properly, vehemence, i.e. (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or superlative; especially when repeated); diligently, especially, exceeding(-ly), far, fast, good, great(-ly), [idiom] louder and louder, might(-ily, -y), (so) much, quickly, (so) sore, utterly, very ([phrase] much, sore), well.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3966

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מְאֹד

m. noun / adverb • Root אוד • Strongs / High • Page 798

As a noun: power, strength, firmness. As an adverb: much, exceedingly, entirely, quickly, very. It is used to give force to verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מְאֹד

substantive / adv. • Root אוד איד • Page 350

1. Strength, force, vehementia (Deut. 6:5; 2 K. 23:25). 2. Usually an adverb: exceedingly, very, especially (Gen. 7:19; Num. 14:7; Ps. 46:2).

Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: σφόδρα --- λίαν ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H3966:

σφόδρα 258× (88.7%)

--- 13× (4.5%)

λίαν 8× (2.7%)

'' 2× (0.6%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And he will take the crown of their king from his head; and its weight a talent of gold and a precious stone; and it will be upon David's head. And he brought forth the spoil of the city exceeding much. 31And the people which were in it he brought forth, and he will put at the saw and at the threshing-sledge of iron, and at axes of iron, and caused them to pass over through the brick-kiln: and thus he will do to all the cities of the sons of Ammon. And David will turn back, and all the people, to Jerusalem.

LITV Translation:
And he took the crown of the kingdom off his head. And its weight was a talent of gold, and a precious stone in it. And it was set on David's head. And he brought out the plunder of the city in great abundance.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And he took the crown of Molchom their king from off his head, and the weight of it was a talent of gold, with precious stones, and it was upon the head of David; and he carried forth very much spoil of the city.