2 Chronicles 29:30

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ויאמר וַ֠יֹּאמֶר

and he is saying

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אמר

ʼâmar

Definition

to say (used with great latitude)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to say (used with great latitude); answer, appoint, avouch, bid, boast self, call, certify, challenge, charge, [phrase] (at the, give) command(-ment), commune, consider, declare, demand, [idiom] desire, determine, [idiom] expressly, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] intend, name, [idiom] plainly, promise, publish, report, require, say, speak (against, of), [idiom] still, [idiom] suppose, talk, tell, term, [idiom] that is, [idiom] think, use (speech), utter, [idiom] verily, [idiom] yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H559

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 155

1. (not used) to stand prominently upwards, to project upwards, hence to be elevated. 2. to say, to speak, to command; to press out sounds from within.

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 755

to say, speak

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 58

1. to say (dico). Differs from דבר (to speak) in that אָמַר is almost uniformly followed by the words spoken (Lev. 1:2; Gen. 44:16). 2. to think. (Speaking and thinking).

אָמַר

verb • Root אמר • Page 59

To command (Est 1:17, 1 Chr 21:17); to praise (Ps 40:11). Niph.: to be said, to be called holy (Is 4:3). Hiph.: to declare solemnly, to promise (Deut 26:17, 18). Hithpa.: to boast one's self (Ps 94:4), or to exercise dominion.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0559:

No stats available

יחזקיהו יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ

He Is Strengthened Himself

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חזקיה

Chizqîyâh

Definition

Chizkijah, a king of Judah, also the name of two other Israelites

Root

or חזקיהו; also יחזקיה; or יחזקיהו; from H2388 (חזק) and H3050 (יה); strengthened of Jah;

Exhaustive

or חזקיהו; also יחזקיה; or יחזקיהו; from חזק and יה; strengthened of Jah; Chizkijah, a king of Judah, also the name of two other Israelites; Hezekiah, Hizkiah, Hizkijah. Compare יחזקיה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2396

Definition

Definition not found

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H21620

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חִזְקִיָּה

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 474

The well-known king of Judah or of other men.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: εζεκιασ εζεκιαν εζεκιου εζεκια ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H2396:

εζεκιασ 69× (55.4%)

εζεκιαν 21× (16.9%)

εζεκιου 17× (13.6%)

εζεκια 12× (8.9%)

--- 3× (2.4%)

'' 3× (2.1%)

המלך הַמֶּלֶךְ

the King

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלך

melek

Definition

a king

Root

from H4427 (מלך);

Exhaustive

from מלך; a king; king, royal.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4428

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

masculine noun • Root מלך • Strongs / High • Page 859

A king, ruler; properly an abstract concept of rule or government, but commonly used concretely. It can refer to a king of a land, city, people, or tribe. The term is also applied to Jehovah, idols, and animals distinguished for strength. It can also mean an adviser or counsellor, and is used as a proper name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מֶלֶךְ

noun masculine • Page 380

a king. Ezek. 26: 7. 'the king of kings,' a title of the king of Babylon. Spoken frequently of Jehovah, Ps. 5: 3, and of false gods, Am. 5: 26.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: βασιλεὺσ βασιλέωσ βασιλέα βασιλεῖ βασιλεῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4428:

βασιλεὺσ 631× (23.4%)

βασιλέωσ 546× (20.5%)

βασιλέα 419× (15.7%)

βασιλεῖ 196× (7.1%)

βασιλεῖσ 133× (4.9%)

βασιλεύσ 100× (3.5%)

--- 77× (3.2%)

'' 66× (2.3%)

βασιλέων 63× (2.4%)

βασιλεῦσιν 46× (1.6%)

והשרים וְהַשָּׂרִים

and the Princes

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שר

sar

Definition

a head person (of any rank or class)

Root

from H8323 (שרר);

Exhaustive

from שרר; a head person (of any rank or class); captain (that had rule), chief (captain), general, governor, keeper, lord,(-task-)master, prince(-ipal), ruler, steward.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8269

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁר

noun • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1416

A singer (concrete term in modern Hebrew).

שֹׁר

noun masculine • Root שרר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1480

A nerve, sinew; hence the navel-cord. Being a physiologically important part of the body, it stands for the whole body. Maltese sarra (bosom, pudenda).

שַׂר

noun masculine • Root שרר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1479

A ruler, prefect, master, chief, principal or most distinguished person in a country; general (leader of an army); captain; generally courtiers; guardian-angel or high spiritual being; distinguished priest.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שַׂר

m. dec. viii. k. • Root שרר • Page 643

1. a captain, commander, chief; e. g. of the body-guard, Gen. 37: 36. of the cup-bearers, 40: 9. 2. a chief, prince, courtier. Gen. 12: 15. 3. according to theological views of later Jews, an archangel. Dan. 10: 13, 20.

שֹׁר

noun masculine • Root שרר • Page 699

1. prob. a nerve, sinew, muscle. (Comp. שָׁרִיר and the Chald. שְׁרִיר firm.) Collect. Prov. 3: 8 healing shall it be to thy sinews or muscles. 2. the navel, strictly the navel-string. Ezek. 16: 4. Job 40: 16.

שָׂרַי

proper name • Page 644

Sarai, the proper name of the wife of Abraham. This name was changed to שָׂרָה (Gen. 17:15) probably meaning princess.

Conjunction, Particle definite article, Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: ἄρχοντεσ ἄρχοντασ ἀρχόντων ἄρχων ἄρχοντα

LXX Usage Statistics

H8269:

ἄρχοντεσ 94× (21.5%)

ἄρχοντασ 52× (12.0%)

ἀρχόντων 31× (7.1%)

ἄρχων 28× (6.9%)

ἄρχοντα 13× (3.2%)

ἑκατοντάρχουσ 10× (2.3%)

ἀρχιστράτηγοσ 10× (2.5%)

αὐτῆσ 9× (1.7%)

ἄρχουσιν 9× (2.0%)

ἡγεμόνεσ 9× (2.2%)

ללוים לַלְוִיִּם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

לויי

Lêvîyîy

Definition

a Levite or descendant of Levi

Root

or לוי; patronymically from H3878 (לוי);

Exhaustive

or לוי; patronymically from לוי; a Levite or descendant of Levi; Leviite.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3881

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

וְ

conjunction • Consonantal / Low • Page 418

The conjunction 'and', used to unite words and clauses. It can also signify 'with', 'indeed', and 'yet'. It has variants like וַ and וָ depending on the following syllable.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

וּ

conjunction • Consonantal / Low • Page 418

The strongly uniting Vau, often with the future tense (imperfect); a form of the Vau conversive.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

Preposition -For/Into Art, Noun gentilic masculine plural absolute

LXX: λευῖται λευιτῶν λευίταισ λευίτασ λευίτησ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3881:

λευῖται 91× (29.3%)

λευιτῶν 57× (19.4%)

λευίταισ 43× (14.8%)

λευίτασ 40× (13.7%)

λευίτησ 19× (6.6%)

λευι 13× (5.2%)

'' 8× (2.8%)

λευίτου 6× (2.1%)

t? 5× (1.5%)

--- 4× (1.7%)

להלל לְהַלֵּל

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הלל

hâlal

Definition

to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make ashow, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate; also to stultify

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make ashow, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate; also to stultify; (make) boast (self), celebrate, commend, (deal, make), fool(-ish, -ly), glory, give (light), be (make, feign self) mad (against), give in marriage, (sing, be worthy of) praise, rage, renowned, shine.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1984

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 402

I. 1. to be clear, to be bright, to shine. 2. Figuratively: to be shining, splendid, to boast, to be proud.

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 403

To resound, to sound; to shine clearly.

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 403

To wander here and there, without aim or object; to rave, to indulge fancies, to be mad; to storm, to rage.

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 404

To roll quickly, of chariots; figuratively, to be drunk, mad.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Page 188

1. to shine, give light (Job 29:3). 2. to shine, to glitter (Comp. Pi.). 3. to be haughty, arrogant (Ps. 75:5). 4. to be mad, foolish (Jer. 25:16). Pi.: to make to shine, give lustre; hence to praise, commend, celebrate (Gen. 12:15, Ps. 116:19). Pu.: to be praised or celebrated (Ezek. 26:17). Hithpa.: 1. to be praised (Prov. 31:30); 2. to glory, boast (1 K. 20:11). Po.: to make foolish, to deprive of reason (Ecc. 7:7, Job 12:17). Hithpo.: to be or become mad, foolish (Jer. 25:16, 51:7).

Preposition, Verb Piel infinitive construct common

LXX: αἰνεῖτε αλληλουια αἰνέσω αἰνεῖν καυχάσθω

LXX Usage Statistics

H1984b:

αἰνεῖτε 26× (16.8%)

αλληλουια 17× (11.0%)

αἰνέσω 7× (4.4%)

αἰνεῖν 6× (3.5%)

καυχάσθω 5× (3.2%)

αἰνεσάτωσαν 5× (3.2%)

αἰνετὸσ 5× (2.8%)

αἰνέσατε 3× (1.8%)

αἰνέσει 3× (1.8%)

αἰνέσουσιν 3× (1.7%)

ליהוה לַיהוָה

to He is

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יהוה

Yᵉhôvâh

Definition

Jehovah, Jewish national name of God

Root

from H1961 (היה); (the) self-Existent or Eternal;

Exhaustive

from היה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יה, יהוה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3068

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

noun masculine • Root יהה • Strongs / High • Page 590

A pre-Mosaic old Semitic name of the supreme God, which was specially revealed for the older אֵל at the establishment of the Mosaic religion, as an abstract of all divine greatness and holiness.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

proper name • Page 275

The proper name of the deity among the ancient Hebrews. Interpreted as 'the eternal, unchangeable, true' or 'he who is as he shall be.' The text discusses various ancient pronunciations (IAΩ, IABE, IETΩ) and its derivation from the future of הָיָה.

Preposition, Noun proper name

LXX: κύριοσ κυρίου κυρίῳ κύριον κύριε

LXX Usage Statistics

H3068:

κύριοσ 2605× (41.8%)

κυρίου 1742× (27.8%)

κυρίῳ 598× (8.8%)

κύριον 473× (7.1%)

κύριε 336× (5.4%)

--- 129× (2.1%)

'' 95× (1.3%)

θεὸσ 76× (1.0%)

θεοῦ 69× (0.9%)

θεῷ 28× (0.4%)

בדברי בְּדִבְרֵי

in the hand

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

דבר

dâbâr

Definition

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

Root

from H1696 (דבר);

Exhaustive

from דבר; a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause; act, advice, affair, answer, [idiom] any such (thing), because of, book, business, care, case, cause, certain rate, [phrase] chronicles, commandment, [idiom] commune(-ication), [phrase] concern(-ing), [phrase] confer, counsel, [phrase] dearth, decree, deed, [idiom] disease, due, duty, effect, [phrase] eloquent, errand, (evil favoured-) ness, [phrase] glory, [phrase] harm, hurt, [phrase] iniquity, [phrase] judgment, language, [phrase] lying, manner, matter, message, (no) thing, oracle, [idiom] ought, [idiom] parts, [phrase] pertaining, [phrase] please, portion, [phrase] power, promise, provision, purpose, question, rate, reason, report, request, [idiom] (as hast) said, sake, saying, sentence, [phrase] sign, [phrase] so, some (uncleanness), somewhat to say, [phrase] song, speech, [idiom] spoken, talk, task, [phrase] that, [idiom] there done, thing (concerning), thought, [phrase] thus, tidings, what(-soever), [phrase] wherewith, which, word, work.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1697

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דָּבָר

noun masculine • Root דבר • Strongs / High • Page 351

A word, a saying, a speech, a matter, a thing. Derived from דָּבַר I (to speak).

דָּבָר

noun • Root דבר • Strongs / High • Page 352

A word; speech, discourse, saying, oracle; command, precept, law, regulation; an inquiry, account, answer; utterance of God, revelation, oracle; decree, plan, proposal; report, news; a thing, matter, object of discourse; occurrence, action, history, affairs; relation, reference, way; cause, suit at law, ground.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דָּבַר

verb • Page 154

To speak; used in various idioms: 3. to speak with one's self or meditate (Gen. 24:45). 4. to speak or promise good concerning any one (Num. 10:29). 5. to speak kindly with any one (2 K. 25:28). 6. to speak kindly or peaceably (Ps. 28:3). 7. to pass sentence against (2 K. 25:6). Sense 2: to destroy (2 Chr. 22:10), derived from 'to drive away'. Includes Niph. (to speak together, Mal. 3:16), Hiph. (to subdue, Ps. 18:48), and Hithpa. (2 Sam. 14:13).

דֶּבֶר

m. plur. דְּבָרִים • Root דבר • Page 155

Pestilence. (Ex. 9:3, Lev. 26:25, Deut. 28:21, Hos. 13:14). Ideas of death and pestilence are often expressed by the same word.

דֹּבֶר

noun masculine • Root דבר • Page 155

A fold, pasture. (Mic. 2:12, Is. 5:17). Comparable to Syriac and Arabic terms for a field.

דָּבַר

verb • Root דבר • Page 153

1. Probably as its primary signification, to lead, to drive. Hence the derivatives דָּבָר, דִּבְרָה, מִדְבָּר. 2. To put in order, to arrange, connect; and hence to connect words, to speak. In Kal found in the participle דֹּבֵר and the infinitive דַּבֵּר (Ps. 51:6). Much more common in Pi. דִּבֶּר (fut. יְדַבֵּר) meaning to speak, loquor (different from אָמַר to say). Covers various grammatical constructions including speaking to (preceded by אֶל, לְ, or עִם), speaking of (preceded by אֶת or עַל), and speaking against (preceded by בְּ or אֶל). Also used to mean 'to promise' (Deut. 19:8).

דָּבָר

noun masculine • Root דבר • Page 154

1. word, speech (Ex. 4:10); denotes a command (Est. 1:19), promise (1 K. 2:4), sentiment/doctrine (Ecc. 1:1), oracle/revelation (Jer. 1:4), or historical words/chronicles (1 K. 11:41). 2. matter, thing (Ecc. 7:8); equivalent to Aramaic מִלָּא and Arabic אמר.

Preposition, Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: ῥῆμα λόγουσ λόγοσ λόγον λόγων

LXX Usage Statistics

H1697:

ῥῆμα 224× (14.7%)

λόγουσ 198× (13.0%)

λόγοσ 184× (13.3%)

λόγον 153× (10.6%)

λόγων 120× (8.3%)

ῥήματα 80× (5.1%)

λόγοι 63× (4.3%)

'' 51× (3.3%)

λόγοισ 30× (1.9%)

--- 30× (2.3%)

דויד דָויד

Beloved ("David")

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

דוד

Dâvid

Definition

David, the youngest son of Jesse

Root

rarely (fully); דויד; from the same as H1730 (דוד); loving;

Exhaustive

rarely (fully); דויד; from the same as דוד; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse; David.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1732

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דָּוִד

proper noun • Root דוד • Strongs / High • Page 358

Proper noun of the famous Israelite king, founder of a dynasty (1055-1015 B.C.) and chief composer of the Psalter. Meaning loving, joiner, or beloved.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דָּוִד

noun masculine • Root , דוד • Page 158

David, son of Jesse, king of Israel. 1 Sam. xvi. ff. 2 Sam. 1 Chr. xii.-xxx. Zion, 1 K. 3:1. The posterity of David, the royal family, Is. 7:2, 13.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: δαυιδ '' --- ὡσ αὐτοῦ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1732:

δαυιδ 966× (90.3%)

'' 45× (3.7%)

--- 28× (2.7%)

ὡσ 9× (0.9%)

αὐτοῦ 2× (0.2%)

ψαλμὸσ 2× (0.2%)

βασιλεὺσ 2× (0.2%)

βασιλεῖ 2× (0.2%)

ואסף וְאָסָף

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אסף

ʼÂçâph

Definition

Asaph, the name of three Israelites, and of the family of the first

Root

from H622 (אסף); collector;

Exhaustive

from אסף; collector; Asaph, the name of three Israelites, and of the family of the first; Asaph.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H623

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָסָף

noun proper • Strongs_Numbers • Page 169

Collector i.e. protector; proper name of the father of Joah; a singer and poet in David's time.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָסָף

m. proper name • Root אסף • Page 63

(collector) proper name of a Levite, who was one of David's chief musicians, and a poet; to him are ascribed many of the Psalms (1 Chr. 6:24 [39], 15:17, 16:5, 2 Chr. 29:30).

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0623:

No stats available

החזה הַחֹזֶה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

חזה

chôzeh

Definition

a beholder in vision; also a compact (as looked upon with approval)

Root

active participle of H2372 (חזה);

Exhaustive

active participle of חזה; a beholder in vision; also a compact (as looked upon with approval); agreement, prophet, see that, seer, (star-) gazer.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2374

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֹזֶה

noun masculine • Root חזה • Strongs / High • Page 471

1. (participial form) a seer, prophet; also of false prophets and astrologers. 2. (abstract form) an oracle. 3. a covenant.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חֹזֶה

m. verbal • Root חזה • Page 220

1. a seer, prophet, in later Hebrew, i.q. רֹאֶה (1 Chr. 21:9). 2. i.q. חָזוּת a covenant, agreement.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: ὁρῶντοσ ὁρῶντα ὁρῶντεσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2374:

ὁρῶντοσ 4× (23.5%)

ὁρῶντα 2× (12.3%)

ὁρῶντεσ 2× (11.3%)

ויהללו וַיְהַלְלוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הלל

hâlal

Definition

to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make ashow, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate; also to stultify

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make ashow, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate; also to stultify; (make) boast (self), celebrate, commend, (deal, make), fool(-ish, -ly), glory, give (light), be (make, feign self) mad (against), give in marriage, (sing, be worthy of) praise, rage, renowned, shine.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1984

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 402

I. 1. to be clear, to be bright, to shine. 2. Figuratively: to be shining, splendid, to boast, to be proud.

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 403

To resound, to sound; to shine clearly.

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 403

To wander here and there, without aim or object; to rave, to indulge fancies, to be mad; to storm, to rage.

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Strongs / High • Page 404

To roll quickly, of chariots; figuratively, to be drunk, mad.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָלַל

verb • Root הלל • Page 188

1. to shine, give light (Job 29:3). 2. to shine, to glitter (Comp. Pi.). 3. to be haughty, arrogant (Ps. 75:5). 4. to be mad, foolish (Jer. 25:16). Pi.: to make to shine, give lustre; hence to praise, commend, celebrate (Gen. 12:15, Ps. 116:19). Pu.: to be praised or celebrated (Ezek. 26:17). Hithpa.: 1. to be praised (Prov. 31:30); 2. to glory, boast (1 K. 20:11). Po.: to make foolish, to deprive of reason (Ecc. 7:7, Job 12:17). Hithpo.: to be or become mad, foolish (Jer. 25:16, 51:7).

conjunctive, Verb Piel sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: αἰνεῖτε αλληλουια αἰνέσω αἰνεῖν καυχάσθω

LXX Usage Statistics

H1984b:

αἰνεῖτε 26× (16.8%)

αλληλουια 17× (11.0%)

αἰνέσω 7× (4.4%)

αἰνεῖν 6× (3.5%)

καυχάσθω 5× (3.2%)

αἰνεσάτωσαν 5× (3.2%)

αἰνετὸσ 5× (2.8%)

αἰνέσατε 3× (1.8%)

αἰνέσει 3× (1.8%)

αἰνέσουσιν 3× (1.7%)

עד עַד־

until/perpetually/witness

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עד

ʻad

Definition

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

Root

properly, the same as H5703 (עד) (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition);

Exhaustive

properly, the same as עד (used as a preposition, adverb or conjunction; especially with a preposition); as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with); against, and, as, at, before, by (that), even (to), for(-asmuch as), (hither-) to, [phrase] how long, into, as long (much) as, (so) that, till, toward, until, when, while, ([phrase] as) yet.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5704

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עַד

particle • Strongs / High • Page 1053

A particle expressing continuance, progress, or duration; until, unto, as far as, up to, during, even, exceedingly. Denotes limits in space, time (till now, forever), or degree (highest limit).

עַד

noun • Root עדה ערה • Strongs / High • Page 1053

Progress, advance (in space); duration, perpetuitas; hence, eternity, perpetuity, everlasting.

עַד

adverb / preposition • Root עוד • Strongs / High • Page 1060

Adverb: again, once more (repetition); continuedly, continually (continuance of action); longer, further, advanced state. Also Preposition/Conjunction: till, now, during (a time), while still.

עַד

preposition / conjunction • Strongs / High • Page 1054

1. (Of space) To, unto, as far as, even to; also like, as. 2. (Of time/Conj.) Till now, whilst that, until, so that, to the degree that. 3. (Particle) Even (used to intensify meaning).

עַד

noun masculine • Root עדה • Strongs / High • Page 1054

Booty, spoil (parallel to plunder).

עַד

noun masculine • Root עדה • Strongs / High • Page 1054

Dress, ornament (found only in proper names).

עַד

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1054

Witness, testimony (collateral form of עֵד).

עַד

aram. prep. (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 1054

(Aramaic, same as Hebr. עַד 2) During, until, till at the last; to the intent that.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עַד

m. subst. / preposition / conj. • Root עדה • Page 491

1. as a subst. eternity, duration. Ps. 9: 19. 19: 10. 2. as a subst. booty, prey. Gen. 49: 27. 3. as a prep. unto, until, spoken of time and space. Hab. 1: 2. 4. as a prep. during, while. Judg. 3: 26. 5. as a conj. until, construed with a pret. Josh.

עַד

chald. prep. and conj. • Page 492

As in Hebrew (preceding page).

Preposition

LXX: ἕωσ εἰσ '' ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H5704:

ἕωσ 1013× (78.3%)

εἰσ 28× (2.2%)

'' 26× (1.7%)

--- 24× (1.9%)

ἕωσ 22× (1.7%)

μέχρι 12× (0.9%)

ἔτι 11× (0.8%)

ἐπὶ 9× (0.7%)

dἕωσ 7× (0.5%)

πρὸσ 7× (0.6%)

לשמחה לְשִׂמְחָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שמחה

simchâh

Definition

blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival)

Root

from H8056 (שמח);

Exhaustive

from שמח; blithesomeness or glee, (religious or festival); [idiom] exceeding(-ly), gladness, joy(-fulness), mirth, pleasure, rejoice(-ing).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8057

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שִׂמְחָה

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1446

1. joy, gladness. Also shouts of rejoicing, songs, or praise aloud with joy. 2. festivity, festive banquet. 3. the name of a musical instrument.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שִׂמְחָה

f. verbal • Root שמח • Page 641

1. joy, rejoicing. 1 K. 1: 40. 2. festivity, mirth. Prov. 21: 17. 3. a loud shout, a joyful acclamation. Neh. 12: 43. Gen. 31: 27.

Preposition, Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX: εὐφροσύνη εὐφροσύνησ εὐφροσύνῃ εὐφροσύνην μετ'

LXX Usage Statistics

H8057:

εὐφροσύνη 20× (21.3%)

εὐφροσύνησ 16× (16.6%)

εὐφροσύνῃ 15× (14.4%)

εὐφροσύνην 12× (12.9%)

μετ' 3× (3.5%)

χαρὰ 2× (2.3%)

χαρὰν 2× (2.1%)

ἀγαλλίαμα 2× (2.0%)

ויקדו וַיִּקְּדוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

קדד

qâdad

Definition

to shrivel up, i.e. contract or bend the body (or neck) in deference

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to shrivel up, i.e. contract or bend the body (or neck) in deference; bow (down) (the) head, stoop.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6915

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קָדַד

verb transitive • Root קדד • Strongs / High • Page 1256

1. to divide, to cut, to split off, to peel off. 2. to break, to crack, the body, i. e. to bend, to incline, to stoop.

קָדַד

verb • Root קדד • Strongs / High • Page 1257

To bend the knee, to fall upon the knees. Pih. (redupl.) קָרַקְרַר (not used) to incline, to nod.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

קָדַד

verb • Page 578

found only in the fut. יִקֹּד, plur. יִקְּדוּ, to incline, bend, bow. 1 Sam. 24: 9, 28: 14. Usually followed by הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: κύψασ ἔκυψεν εὐδοκήσασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6915:

κύψασ 5× (33.5%)

ἔκυψεν 4× (25.0%)

εὐδοκήσασ 2× (12.5%)

וישתחוופ וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲווּ׃פ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שחה

shâchâh

Definition

to depress, i.e. prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or God)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to depress, i.e. prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or God); bow (self) down, crouch, fall down (flat), humbly beseech, do (make) obeisance, do reverence, make to stoop, worship.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7812

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁחָה

verb • Root שוח • Strongs / High • Page 1407

To be bowed or struck down; to sink; to walk along bowed; to crouch; to be depressed; to be brought low; to submit oneself.

conjunctive, Verb Hithpael sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: προσεκύνησεν προσεκύνησαν προσκυνεῖν προσκυνήσουσιν προσκυνῆσαι

LXX Usage Statistics

H7812:

προσεκύνησεν 43× (24.7%)

προσεκύνησαν 29× (16.7%)

προσκυνεῖν 10× (5.5%)

προσκυνήσουσιν 8× (4.4%)

προσκυνῆσαι 6× (3.6%)

προσκυνήσητε 6× (3.5%)

προσκυνήσω 5× (3.0%)

προσκυνοῦσιν 5× (3.1%)

προσκυνήσουσίν 5× (3.1%)

προσκυνήσεισ 5× (3.2%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And Hezekiah the king, and the chiefs, will say, to the Levites to praise to Jehovah in the words of David, and Asaph the seer. And they will praise even to gladness, and they will bow down and worship.

LITV Translation:
And Hezekiah the king and the leaders commanded the Levites to give praise to Jehovah in the words of David, and of Asaph the seer; and they praised with joy, and they bowed and worshiped.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And King Hezekiah and the princes told the Levites to sing hymns to the Lord in the words of David, and of Asaph the prophet: and they sang hymns with gladness, and fell down and worshiped.