1 Samuel 19:5

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

וישם וַיָּשֶׂם

and he is placing

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שום

sûwm

Definition

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

Root

or שים; a primitive root;

Exhaustive

or שים; a primitive root; to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically); [idiom] any wise, appoint, bring, call (a name), care, cast in, change, charge, commit, consider, convey, determine, [phrase] disguise, dispose, do, get, give, heap up, hold, impute, lay (down, up), leave, look, make (out), mark, [phrase] name, [idiom] on, ordain, order, [phrase] paint, place, preserve, purpose, put (on), [phrase] regard, rehearse, reward, (cause to) set (on, up), shew, [phrase] stedfastly, take, [idiom] tell, [phrase] tread down, (over-)turn, [idiom] wholly, work.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7760

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שׂוּם

verb • Root שום • Strongs / High • Page 755

to put, place

שׂוּם

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1396

Transitive verb: 1. to set (like שִׂימָה), to plant trees, to erect a monument, to build a nest, to establish, to appoint. 2. to set forth/array (warriors, troops, ambush); to subjugate (put foot on neck).

שׂוּם

verb • Root שום • Strongs / High • Page 1397

To set, put, place, lay, or appoint. Senses include: 1. To set up (a pillar, throne, or door), to erect (a tent), to hang up (a curtain), to establish (a law), to arrange, to appoint, to set upon (a thing), to thrust into (prison), to put into (a place), to lay upon, to stick, to found, to create, to cause to arise, to introduce (the seat of worship), to put between, to lay under/upon, to build (lay stone upon stone), to give/take into one's hand, to put words into one's mouth, to furnish with miraculous power, to read before one, to put or lay before. 2. To set upon (dress/ornaments), to lay upon, to afflict with, to impute, to give a name, to set a thing before one's eyes (take a resolution), to put or lay down (a pledge), to commit a cause, to explain the sense, to cherish wrath (against God), to lay to heart (take heed), to take heed to the walk, to throw into, to pour out/shed. 3. To put to, add, to make (with accusative of place). 4. To direct, to turn, to direct the eye upon, to set the face upon, to have a design for, to set the mind upon, to attend to, to consider, to make (into a thing), to turn into nothing, to make as or like, to produce/prepare, to do (when God does this).

שׂוּם

verb • Root שום • Strongs / High • Page 1398

II. Intransitive verb. Properly: to be veiled; hence to be obscured, darkened; metaphorically: to be impotent, weak, or to be on the left side (regarded as the weak or obscured side).

שׂוּם

unknown • Strongs / High • Page 1449

hurtful. Ar. סֻמّ trans. to poison, a poisonous wind. Deriv. שְׁמִימִית (a species of poisonous lizard).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שׂוּם

verb • Page 635

Or שִׂים. 1. To set, place, put (e.g., to arrange an army, Job 1:17; Josh. 8:2). 2. To ordain, establish (Gen. 47:26; Ex. 21:13). 3. To appoint (Hos. 2:2; 1 Sam. 8:1).

שׂוּם

verb • Root נתן • Page 636

Continuation of entry from previous page. 4. to lay upon a person (Ex. 5:8, 22:24). Also to impute or charge to a person (Deut. 22:14). 5. to put on a garment (Ruth 3:3). 6. to place (a surety) (Job 17:3). 7. to give a name to a person (Dan. 1:7). 8. to put one's name in a place, i. e. to fix his dwelling there (Deut. 12:5). 9. to beget children (Ezra 10:44). 10. to instruct a person (Ex. 17:14). 11. to attend, consider, anim-mum advertere (Is. 41:22). 12. to lay to heart (Is. 57:1). 13. also to purpose, resolve (Dan. 1:8). 14. to direct one's face (see under פנים). 15. to direct one's eye to any one (see עין). 16. to heap up (Job 36:13). 2. to make, i. q. נָתַן (Gen. 4:15). 3. to give e. g. honour (Josh. 7:19), peace (Num. 6:26). Hiph. i. q. Kal, found only in the imper. Ezek. 21:21. Hoph. only Gen. 24:33 Keri.

שׂוּם

verb • Page 636

to set, put, place. Particularly (1.) to appoint (Ezra 5:14). (2.) to issue an edict (Dan. 3:10). (3.) to regard (Dan. 3:15). (4.) to be concerned for a person (Dan. 6:13). (5.) to name a person (Dan. 5:12).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἔθετο ἔθηκεν θήσομαι ἐπέθηκεν θήσω

LXX Usage Statistics

H7760a:

ἔθετο 40× (6.2%)

ἔθηκεν 26× (3.9%)

θήσομαι 23× (3.5%)

ἐπέθηκεν 22× (3.2%)

θήσω 21× (3.1%)

'' 13× (1.9%)

ἔθεντο 11× (1.7%)

ἔθου 10× (1.7%)

ἐτέθη 9× (1.5%)

ποιήσω 9× (1.5%)

את אֶת־

את-self eternal

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

את

ʼêth

Definition

a hoe or other digging implement

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H855

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

Direct object eternal self

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

H0855:

No stats available

נפשו נַפְשׁוֹ

his breath/soul

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נפש

nephesh

Definition

properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental)

Root

from H5314 (נפש);

Exhaustive

from נפש; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or mental); any, appetite, beast, body, breath, creature, [idiom] dead(-ly), desire, [idiom] (dis-) contented, [idiom] fish, ghost, [phrase] greedy, he, heart(-y), (hath, [idiom] jeopardy of) life ([idiom] in jeopardy), lust, man, me, mind, mortally, one, own, person, pleasure, (her-, him-, my-, thy-) self, them (your) -selves, [phrase] slay, soul, [phrase] tablet, they, thing, ([idiom] she) will, [idiom] would have it.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5315

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נֶפֶשׁ

noun / feminine • Root נפש • Strongs / High • Page 982

A breath, respiration. 1. Breath of life, vital power, life, the animal life. 2. The soul or spirit, which gives life and has needs and feelings. 3. A living being, a creature, an individual, a person, a slave, a corpse. 4. Self, used reflexively. Also used to denote the seat of affections like love, joy, fear, piety, courage, and as the seat of various states like lamentation, hunger, thirst, etc.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נֶפֶשׁ

com. gen. but more frequently fem. • Root נפש • Page 451

1. breath (Job 41:13); 2. life, the vital principle in animal bodies, anima (Gen. 35:18, 1 K. 17:21); 3. a living being, particularly spoken of men and sometimes slaves (Josh. 10:28, Gen. 1:20, 12:5); 4. the soul, spirit, as the seat of the volitions and affections (Deut. 26:16, Cant. 1:7); 5. desire, including the desire of eating or hunger (Gen. 23:8, Prov. 6:30, 13:4); 6. scent, fragrancy, odour (Is. 3:20).

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: ψυχή ψυχήν ψυχὴν ψυχὴ ψυχῆσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5315:

ψυχή 126× (15.5%)

ψυχήν 119× (14.6%)

ψυχὴν 89× (11.4%)

ψυχὴ 88× (10.9%)

ψυχῆσ 82× (10.3%)

ψυχῇ 55× (6.9%)

ψυχὰσ 38× (4.8%)

ψυχαὶ 21× (2.8%)

ψυχαῖσ 17× (2.1%)

'' 15× (1.9%)

בכפו בְכַפּ֜וֹ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

כף

kaph

Definition

the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-tree); figuratively, power

Root

from H3721 (כפף);

Exhaustive

from כפף; the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-tree); figuratively, power; branch, [phrase] foot, hand((-ful), -dle, (-led)), hollow, middle, palm, paw, power, sole, spoon.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3709

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כַּף

noun • Strongs / High • Page 667

The name of the letter כ (Kaf). As a common noun, it means the hollow of the bent hand, the hollow palm.

כַּף

noun • Root כפף • Strongs / High • Page 725

Has multiple meanings: 1. The hollow of the hand, the hand itself. 2. The paw or fore-foot of an animal. 3. The sole of the foot. 4. A pan, dish, or the hollow of a sling or socket of the thigh. 5. A handle.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כַּף

letter • Page 305

The letter Caph, the eleventh in the alphabet; as a numerical sign denotes 20. Means 'the hollow hand'.

כֵּף

m. dec. i. • Page 325

a rock. Plur. כֵּפִים. Jer. 4:29, Job 30:6. (In Syr. and Chald. the usual word to express this idea).

כַּף

noun feminine • Root כפף • Page 325

1. the hollow hand, the palm; Lev. 11:27. 2. the sole of the foot; Deut. 28:65. 3. a pan, dish; Ex. 25:29. 4. palm branches; Lev. 23:40.

Preposition, Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: χεῖρασ χειρὸσ χεῖρα χειρῶν θυίσκην

LXX Usage Statistics

H3709:

χεῖρασ 31× (15.0%)

χειρὸσ 20× (9.1%)

χεῖρα 15× (7.1%)

χειρῶν 13× (6.7%)

θυίσκην 12× (6.7%)

χειρὶ 11× (5.0%)

χεῖράσ 9× (4.3%)

αὐτῆσ 9× (3.5%)

--- 6× (3.3%)

θυίσκασ 6× (2.4%)

ויך וַיַּךְ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

נכה

nâkâh

Definition

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively); beat, cast forth, clap, give (wounds), [idiom] go forward, [idiom] indeed, kill, make (slaughter), murderer, punish, slaughter, slay(-er, -ing), smite(-r, -ing), strike, be stricken, (give) stripes, [idiom] surely, wound.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5221

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָכָה

verb • Root נך • Strongs / High • Page 969

(Kal not used) tr. to strike, to hurt, to injure, hence to destroy, to kill; figurat. to strike down, to vex. Nif. (נִכָּה) to be smitten or slain. Pih. (נִכָּה) to smite, to make war upon. Puh. (נֻכָּה) to be smitten.

נָכָה

verb • Root נכה • Strongs / High • Page 970

To be smitten, to be beaten down. Hif. (הִכָּה): to strike, smite, chastise, torment, punish, kill, tear in pieces, destroy, afflict. Hof. (הֻכָּה, pass. of Hif.): to be beaten, chastised, punished, visited, killed, stormed, conquered.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נָכָה

verb • Page 442

in Kal not used.

conjunctive, Verb Hiphil sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἐπάταξεν ἐπάταξαν αὐτοὺσ πατάξῃ πατάξω

LXX Usage Statistics

H5221:

ἐπάταξεν 157× (28.3%)

ἐπάταξαν 38× (6.9%)

αὐτοὺσ 29× (4.3%)

πατάξῃ 19× (3.4%)

πατάξω 18× (3.4%)

πατάξαι 17× (3.3%)

'' 14× (2.4%)

ἐπάταξα 11× (2.1%)

ἐπάταξασ 11× (2.2%)

πατάξεισ 10× (1.8%)

את אֶת־

את-self eternal

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

את

ʼêth

Definition

a hoe or other digging implement

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H855

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

Direct object eternal self

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

H0855:

No stats available

הפלשתי הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י

The Wallower ("Philistine")

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

פלשת

Pᵉlesheth

Definition

Pelesheth, a region of Syria

Root

from H6428 (פלש); rolling, i.e. migratory;

Exhaustive

from פלש; rolling, i.e. migratory; Pelesheth, a region of Syria; Palestina, Palestine, Philistia, Philistines.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6429

פלשתי

Pᵉlishtîy

Definition

a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth

Root

patrial from H6429 (פלשת);

Exhaustive

patrial from פלשת; a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth; Philistine.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6430

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פְּלַשְׁתִּים

noun proper • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1175

the Philistine Sea, i. e. the Mediterranean (Ex. 23, 31).

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

פְּלֶשֶׁת

f. proper name • Page 545

Philistia, the proper name of a country in the southwestern part of Palestine. References: Gen. 10:14, Ex. 15:14, Is. 14:28.

Particle definite article, Noun gentilic both singular absolute

LXX: ἀλλοφύλων ἀλλόφυλοι ἀλλοφύλουσ '' φυλιστιιμ

LXX Usage Statistics

H6429:

ἀλλοφύλων 118× (41.1%)

ἀλλόφυλοι 73× (24.7%)

ἀλλοφύλουσ 27× (8.7%)

'' 17× (5.6%)

φυλιστιιμ 11× (3.9%)

ἀλλοφύλοισ 10× (2.7%)

ἀλλόφυλοσ 9× (2.9%)

ἀλλόφυλον 7× (2.3%)

ἀλλόφυλοι 6× (2.2%)

ἀλλοφύλου 6× (2.0%)

H6430:

No stats available

ויעש וַיַּעַשׂ

and he is making

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עשה

ʻâsâh

Definition

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application; accomplish, advance, appoint, apt, be at, become, bear, bestow, bring forth, bruise, be busy, [idiom] certainly, have the charge of, commit, deal (with), deck, [phrase] displease, do, (ready) dress(-ed), (put in) execute(-ion), exercise, fashion, [phrase] feast, (fight-) ing man, [phrase] finish, fit, fly, follow, fulfill, furnish, gather, get, go about, govern, grant, great, [phrase] hinder, hold (a feast), [idiom] indeed, [phrase] be industrious, [phrase] journey, keep, labour, maintain, make, be meet, observe, be occupied, offer, [phrase] officer, pare, bring (come) to pass, perform, pracise, prepare, procure, provide, put, requite, [idiom] sacrifice, serve, set, shew, [idiom] sin, spend, [idiom] surely, take, [idiom] thoroughly, trim, [idiom] very, [phrase] vex, be (warr-) ior, work(-man), yield, use.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6213

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עָשָׂה

verb • Root עשה • Strongs / High • Page 755

to make for

עָשָׂה

verb • Root עשה • Strongs / High • Page 1140

1. To do, to make, to form, to construct (e.g., an ark, altar, garments); to build up, to establish, to create. 2. To acquire (by labor); to make or procure a name (fame); to make money; to bring, to make (i.e., to be of use). Also, to prepare (food, sacrifice); to offer; to appoint, constitute to an office. 3. Metaphorically, to keep, to celebrate (a feast, e.g., Sabbath, Passover); to live through or spend the time of life; to perform, to practise, observe, to consider. 4. To do, generally without an object (good or evil); to deal with, execute upon. 5. Altogether generally to act, the interpretation being drawn from the context; to act considerately or falsely.

עָשָׂה

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1141

To do, to make, to prepare, to work, to act, to perform, to effect. Also: to bring forth, to beget; to give milk; to bear fruit; to put forth shoots; to be made, created, sacrificed, executed; to be committed (a crime); to be celebrated (a festival); to happen, to become. (Includes Nif. passive, Pih. to press/squeeze, Puh. to be made/created).

עָשָׂה

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1141

(unused) intr. to be shaggy, rough, rough-haired, of men; probably also of a rough, rugged forest-mountain.

עָשָׂה

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1139

(I) tr. 1. To feel, to touch. 2. To labour = to do; to work; to create (of God); to accomplish; to execute (a vow or wrath); to make, to form, fabricari.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עָשַׂה

ii. in kal • Page 531

to press, squeeze, (the breast.) Ezekiel 23:21. (Chald. עֲשָׁא idem.)

עָשָׂה

verb • Root עשה • Page 530

To make, do, act. Extensive entry covering various nuances: 1. to make/do (Gen. 1:7); 2. to labour (Ex. 5:9); 3. to execute or accomplish (Ps. 37:5); 4. to prepare or dress food (Gen. 18:7); 5. to make or acquire riches (Gen. 31:1); 6. to pass or spend time (Ecc. 6:12); 7. to keep one's self or abide (Ruth 2:19); 8. to produce or bear fruit (Gen. 1:11); 9. to offer or present (Ex. 10:25); 10. to appoint to an office (1 Sam. 12:6); 11. to celebrate or keep a festival (Ex. 12:48).

עָשָׂה

verb • Page 532

1. to labour, fabricari. 2. to be made smooth or polished, to be bright, to shine. Jer. 5: 28. Hithpa. to think or be mindful of any one. Jon. 1: 6.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἐποίησεν ποιήσεισ ἐποίησαν ποιῆσαι ποιήσω

LXX Usage Statistics

H6213a:

ἐποίησεν 538× (20.3%)

ποιήσεισ 196× (7.3%)

ἐποίησαν 191× (7.2%)

ποιῆσαι 141× (5.2%)

ποιήσω 113× (4.3%)

ποιήσει 111× (4.2%)

'' 86× (2.9%)

ἐποίησασ 82× (3.2%)

ποιεῖν 79× (2.9%)

ποιήσετε 76× (2.9%)

יהוה יְהוָ֜ה

He Is

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יהוה

Yᵉhôvâh

Definition

Jehovah, Jewish national name of God

Root

from H1961 (היה); (the) self-Existent or Eternal;

Exhaustive

from היה; (the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God; Jehovah, the Lord. Compare יה, יהוה.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3068

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

noun masculine • Root יהה • Strongs / High • Page 590

A pre-Mosaic old Semitic name of the supreme God, which was specially revealed for the older אֵל at the establishment of the Mosaic religion, as an abstract of all divine greatness and holiness.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יְהֹוָה

proper name • Page 275

The proper name of the deity among the ancient Hebrews. Interpreted as 'the eternal, unchangeable, true' or 'he who is as he shall be.' The text discusses various ancient pronunciations (IAΩ, IABE, IETΩ) and its derivation from the future of הָיָה.

Noun proper name

LXX: κύριοσ κυρίου κυρίῳ κύριον κύριε

LXX Usage Statistics

H3068:

κύριοσ 2605× (41.8%)

κυρίου 1742× (27.8%)

κυρίῳ 598× (8.8%)

κύριον 473× (7.1%)

κύριε 336× (5.4%)

--- 129× (2.1%)

'' 95× (1.3%)

θεὸσ 76× (1.0%)

θεοῦ 69× (0.9%)

θεῷ 28× (0.4%)

תשועה תְּשׁוּעָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

תשועה

tᵉshûwʻâh

Definition

rescue (literal or figurative, persons, national or spiritual)

Root

or תשעה; from H7768 (שוע) in the sense of H3467 (ישע);

Exhaustive

or תשעה; from שוע in the sense of ישע; rescue (literal or figurative, persons, national or spiritual); deliverance, help, safety, salvation, victory.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8668

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תְּשׁוּעָה

noun feminine • Root ישע ישע • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1535

prop. unconstraint, freedom; hence deliverance, salvation, victory; and generally in the various meanings of the verb.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תְּשׁוּעָה

f. verbal • Root שוע • Page 728

1. Help, deliverance, salvation (Ps. 37:39, 40:11, 71:15). 2. Victory (2 Sam. 19:3, 2 K. 5:1).

Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX: σωτηρίαν σωτηρία σωτηρίασ σωτήριόν βοήθεια

LXX Usage Statistics

H8668:

σωτηρίαν 14× (41.5%)

σωτηρία 8× (23.9%)

σωτηρίασ 4× (11.7%)

σωτήριόν 4× (9.8%)

βοήθεια 2× (5.9%)

גדולה גְדוֹלָה

mega

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

גדול

gâdôwl

Definition

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

Root

or גדל; (shortened) from H1431 (גדל);

Exhaustive

or גדל; (shortened) from גדל; great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent; [phrase] aloud, elder(-est), [phrase] exceeding(-ly), [phrase] far, (man of) great (man, matter, thing,-er,-ness), high, long, loud, mighty, more, much, noble, proud thing, [idiom] sore, ([idiom]) very.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1419

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גָּדוֹל

adjective • Consonantal / Medium • Page 304

Great (opposite of קָטָן). Can refer to size, extent, number, multitude, importance, weight, violence, or power. Applied to emotions like fear, joy, and sorrow. With reference to age, it means older or oldest. With reference to might, it means distinguished, noble, powerful, rich, influential. Used in titles like 'the great king' or 'the high-priest'.

Matched via consonantal key only

Adjective adjective feminine singular absolute

LXX: μέγασ μέγα μεγάλην μεγάλη μεγάλῃ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1419a:

μέγασ 64× (12.4%)

μέγα 56× (10.9%)

μεγάλην 54× (10.6%)

μεγάλη 49× (9.6%)

μεγάλῃ 41× (8.2%)

μέγαν 36× (6.5%)

μεγάλου 30× (5.7%)

μεγάλα 26× (5.1%)

--- 19× (3.9%)

'' 18× (3.1%)

לכל לְכָל־

to all

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

כל

kôl

Definition

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

Root

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from H3634 (כלל);

Exhaustive

or (Jeremiah 33:8) כול; from כלל; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense); (in) all (manner, (ye)), altogether, any (manner), enough, every (one, place, thing), howsoever, as many as, (no-) thing, ought, whatsoever, (the) whole, whoso(-ever).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3605

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כֹּל

noun / masculine • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 695

Properly 'all, whole, totality'. 1. Used adjectivally to mean 'all' or 'the whole of', as in 'all the earth'. 2. Describes a plurality of individual persons or things, translated as 'all'.

כֹּל

substantive / adverb • Root כלל • Strongs / High • Page 696

A substantive meaning all, the whole, every, any. When used with a negative, it means none at all. It can also function as an adverb meaning wholly or altogether.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כֹּל

chald. • Page 316

Same as Hebrew (all, every). Often appears with Makkeph as -כֹּל. References: Dan. 2:40, 4:9, 18, 25.

כֹּל

m. verbal • Root כלל • Page 315

A substantive meaning 'all', 'the whole', or 'totality'. Frequently used as an adjective (Jer. 33:8). 1. all. 2. every one.

Preposition, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: πάντα πᾶσ πάντεσ πᾶν πάντασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3605:

πάντα 921× (17.0%)

πᾶσ 451× (8.4%)

πάντεσ 441× (8.4%)

πᾶν 351× (6.5%)

πάντασ 297× (5.6%)

πᾶσαν 267× (4.9%)

πάντων 242× (4.4%)

πάσασ 230× (4.4%)

--- 227× (4.5%)

πᾶσα 214× (4.0%)

ישראל יִשְׂרָאֵל

God-Contends

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ישראל

Yisrâʼêl

Definition

Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Root

from H8280 (שרה) and H410 (אל); he will rule as God;

Exhaustive

from שרה and אל; he will rule as God; Jisrael, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity; Israel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3478

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root שרה • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name with multiple meanings: the patriarch Jacob; the Israelite people; an honorary title for the pious; the northern kingdom of Israel; the whole kingdom after the exile.

יִשְׂרָאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root ישר • Strongs / High • Page 662

A proper name, meaning 'El is a true, honest one.' Described as a ground-form to יְשַׂרְאֵלָה.

Noun proper name

LXX: ισραηλ '' --- ιακωβ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3478:

ισραηλ 2245× (92.9%)

'' 57× (2.1%)

--- 50× (2.2%)

ισραηλ 8× (0.3%)

ιακωβ 4× (0.2%)

t? 4× (0.1%)

ιερουσαλημ 4× (0.2%)

[b] 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτου 3× (0.1%)

ισραηλίτιδοσ 3× (0.1%)

ראית רָאיתָ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ראה

râʼâh

Definition

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative); advise self, appear, approve, behold, [idiom] certainly, consider, discern, (make to) enjoy, have experience, gaze, take heed, [idiom] indeed, [idiom] joyfully, lo, look (on, one another, one on another, one upon another, out, up, upon), mark, meet, [idiom] be near, perceive, present, provide, regard, (have) respect, (fore-, cause to, let) see(-r, -m, one another), shew (self), [idiom] sight of others, (e-) spy, stare, [idiom] surely, [idiom] think, view, visions.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7200

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Strongs / High • Page 1308

To see, look, behold, or observe (physical act); to perceive, experience, or know (metaphorical); of prophets, to have revelations; to live/exist (to see light); to inspect, examine, try; to regard, consider, trust, or choose/appoint.

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Strongs / High • Page 1308

To be seen, but when used with a negative, to disappear, to be invisible (only 3 pl. fem. is attested as רָאֲתָה).

רָאָה

verb • Strongs / High • Page 1309

To see, look, perceive, appear; sometimes the object follows in a clause introduced by כִּי; to cause to look upon with a mischievous pleasure; to cause one to feel or experience, good or evil; to enjoy.

רָאָה

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1309

The name of a bird of prey, probably named from its keen sight.

רָאָה

adjective • Strongs / High • Page 1309

Seeing.

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Strongs / High • Page 1307

1. Intransitive: to see, to look, to view. 2. Transitive: to see, with the accusative. Often meaning to perceive.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

רָאָה

verb • Root ראה • Page 601

To see, look. 1. to see, look (Ps. 64:6, Ex. 5:21, Mal. 3:18). 2. to view with interest or sympathy, to rejoice in a thing (Job 3:9, Ps. 22:18, Ps. 112:8). 3. to look on, to view (Lev. 13:3); specifically of God looking on to relieve affliction (Ex. 4:31, Ps. 9:14). 4. to look or see to a thing, to take care for it (Gen. 39:23, 1 K. 12:16). 5. to see, know, discern (Jer. 20:12, Ecc. 1:16). 6. to visit (2 Sam. 13:5, 2 K. 8:29). 7. to choose, select (Gen. 22:8); passive participle רָאוּי means select or chosen (Est. 2:9). 8. to see or experience good, evil, life, or death (Ps. 34:13, Ecc. 9:9, Ps. 89:49).

רָאָה

verb • Page 602

found only Deut. 14:13. prob. a corrupted reading for דַּיָּה, as in the parallel passage Lev. 11:14.

Verb Qal perfect second person masculine singular

LXX: εἶδεν εἶδον ὄψεται ἰδεῖν ἴδετε

LXX Usage Statistics

H7200:

εἶδεν 159× (11.3%)

εἶδον 154× (11.3%)

ὄψεται 52× (3.8%)

ἰδεῖν 51× (3.6%)

ἴδετε 43× (3.1%)

ἰδὲ 42× (3.0%)

ἰδὼν 34× (2.5%)

ὄψονται 33× (2.5%)

ὤφθη 28× (2.1%)

ἰδοὺ 24× (1.9%)

ותשמח וַתִּשְׂמָח

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שמח

sâmach

Definition

probably to brighten up, i.e. (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; probably to brighten up, i.e. (figuratively) be (causatively, make) blithe or gleesome; cheer up, be (make) glad, (have, make) joy(-ful), be (make) merry, (cause to, make to) rejoice, [idiom] very.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8055

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׂמַח

verb intransitive • Root שמח • Strongs / High • Page 1445

Intransitive verb: to shine, glitter, lighten, to be clear; figuratively, to be cheerful or joyful, used for calm joy or loud mirth.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect second person masculine singular

LXX: εὐφρανθήσεται εὐφρανθήτωσαν εὐφραίνει εὐφρανθήσονται εὐφρανθήσῃ

LXX Usage Statistics

H8055:

εὐφρανθήσεται 13× (8.7%)

εὐφρανθήτωσαν 8× (5.0%)

εὐφραίνει 6× (4.0%)

εὐφρανθήσονται 6× (3.8%)

εὐφρανθήσῃ 6× (3.4%)

εὐφραίνου 5× (3.1%)

εὐφρανθῆναι 5× (2.8%)

ηὐφράνθησαν 5× (3.1%)

εὐφράνθη 5× (3.1%)

εὐφρανθήτω 5× (3.3%)

ולמה וְלָמָּה

and for what

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מה

mâh

Definition

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various adverbial or conjunctive senses

Root

or מה; or מ; or מ; also מה; a primitive particle;

Exhaustive

or מה; or מ; or מ; also מה; a primitive particle; properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and even relatively, that which); often used with prefixes in various adverbial or conjunctive senses; how (long, oft, (-soever)), (no-) thing, what (end, good, purpose, thing), whereby(-fore, -in, -to, -with), (for) why.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4100

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מָה

interrogative pronoun • Root מה • Strongs / High • Page 815

An interrogative pronoun, meaning 'what?'. It has various applications, including direct and indirect questions, functioning as a substantive ('what of...'), expressing quality ('what kind of...'), conveying reproach or negation, serving as an exclamation of wonder ('how...!'), and meaning 'whatever' or 'why'.

מָה

interrogative pronoun / adverb • Strongs / High • Page 816

An interrogative pronoun and adverb with various meanings including: what?, why?, how?, in what way?

מָה

interrogative pronoun • Strongs / High • Page 817

how what! = but how! how great! An interrogative pronoun, what? Also signifies 'on account of that, for that'.

מָה

aramaic pronoun (aramaic) • Strongs / High • Page 817

Aramaic interrogative pronoun, same as Hebrew. what? whatever, quidquid.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מָה

interrog. pron. / particle • Page 358

1. what? spoken of things (Judg. 11:12; 2 Sam. 16:10, 19:23; Jer. 2:18; Hos. 14:9). 2. without an interrogation, what, whatever, something, any thing (Prov. 9:13; 2 Sam. 18:23; Job 13:13, 14; Ecc. 1:9, 3:15, 22:6; Dan. 10:10 (Aram.)). 3. before substantives, what, of what sort, qualis (Josh. 22:16; 1 Sam. 28:14; 1 K. 9:13). 4. how? (Gen. 44:16; Ex. 10:26; Gen. 28:17). 5. wherefore? (Judg. 8:1; Ps. 42:12). 6. not (Cant. 8:4; Job 16:6, 31:1, 20, 24).

מָה

interrog. pron. • Page 358

Chald. what, as in Heb. with and without an interrogation. מָה דִי that which (Dan. 2:28). Combined with prepositions: (1.) כְּמָה how, how very (Dan. 3:33). (2.) לְמָה דִי lest, that not (Ezra 4:22, 7:23).

Conjunction, Preposition, Particle interrogative

LXX: τί τίσ τίνι ἐστιν ὡσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4100:

τί 516× (62.9%)

τίσ 44× (5.6%)

τίνι 29× (3.2%)

ἐστιν 24× (2.6%)

ὡσ 14× (1.8%)

'' 13× (1.4%)

---% 11× (1.1%)

τίνοσ 11× (1.3%)

τι 10× (1.1%)

--- 10× (1.3%)

תחטא תֶחֱטָא

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חטא

châṭâʼ

Definition

properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn; bear the blame, cleanse, commit (sin), by fault, harm he hath done, loss, miss, (make) offend(-er), offer for sin, purge, purify (self), make reconciliation, (cause, make) sin(-ful, -ness), trespass.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2398

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חָטָא

verb • Strongs / High • Page 474

1. tr. to take from, to remove, to take away, to diminish; figurat. to diminish the soul, i. e. to injure. 2. intr. to miss, to want. 3. to miss the mark. 4. to err, in a moral sense, i. e. to sin.

חָטָא

verb • Root חטא • Strongs / High • Page 475

To sin, to transgress against a person or thing; metaphorically, to be under the penalty of sin, to make atonement for a crime.

חָטָא

verb • Root חטא • Strongs / High • Page 476

See חֵטְא.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חָטָא

verb • Page 223

1. to slip, to fall. Prov. 19: 2. 2. to err, go astray, to miss the goal. Prov. 8: 36. Job 5: 24. 3. to sin, as a path from which the sinner strays. Gen. 20: 6, 9. 1 Sam. 2: 25. Lev. 4: 23. 4. to owe, to forfeit; Prov. 20: 2. Also includes Pi. (to be punished, offer as sin-offering, purify/cleanse); Hiph. (to miss mark, cause to sin, seduce); Hithpa. (to purify one's self, be beside one's self from terror).

חַטָּא

noun masculine • Root חטא • Page 223

1. a sinner. Gen. 13: 13.

Verb Qal imperfect second person masculine singular

LXX: ἥμαρτεν ἐξήμαρτεν ἡμάρτομεν ἁμάρτῃ ἥμαρτον

LXX Usage Statistics

H2398:

ἥμαρτεν 25× (10.7%)

ἐξήμαρτεν 23× (9.7%)

ἡμάρτομεν 20× (8.5%)

ἁμάρτῃ 19× (8.1%)

ἥμαρτον 15× (6.3%)

ἡμάρτηκα 11× (4.7%)

ἡμάρτηκεν 6× (2.6%)

ἁμαρτήσονταί 5× (2.1%)

ἥμαρτόν 5× (2.1%)

--- 5× (2.1%)

בדם בְּדָם

in blood

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

דם

dâm

Definition

blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed (i.e. drops of blood)

Root

from H1826 (דמם) (compare H119 (אדם));

Exhaustive

from דמם (compare אדם); blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or an animal; by analogy, the juice of the grape; figuratively (especially in the plural) bloodshed (i.e. drops of blood); blood(-y, -guiltiness, (-thirsty), [phrase] innocent.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1818

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דָּם

noun masculine • Root דמה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 371

Blood, properly something viscous and flowing; can refer to the blood of animals or men, menstrual flux, life, blood-guiltiness, murder, or bloodshed.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דָּם

m. prim. const. • Page 168

1. blood. (Gen. 9:5). Phrases: 'to eat (flesh) with the blood' (1 Sam. 14:32ff); 'innocent blood' (2 K. 21:16); 'blood of grapes' (red wine, Gen. 49:11). 2. bloodshed, murder, bloodguiltiness. (Gen. 37:26, Lev. 17:4).

Preposition, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: αἷμα αἵματοσ αἵματι αἵματα αἱμάτων

LXX Usage Statistics

H1818:

αἷμα 181× (46.7%)

αἵματοσ 68× (16.2%)

αἵματι 23× (5.7%)

αἵματα 17× (4.2%)

αἱμάτων 16× (4.4%)

αὐτῆσ 12× (2.3%)

αἷμά 7× (1.7%)

αἵμασιν 7× (1.6%)

'' 7× (1.7%)

ἔνοχοί 5× (1.5%)

נקי נָקִי

innocent

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

נקי

nâqîy

Definition

innocent

Root

or נקיא; (Joel 4:19; Jonah [1:14), from H5352 (נקה);

Exhaustive

or נקיא; (Joel 4:19; Jonah [1:14), from נקה; innocent; blameless, clean, clear, exempted, free, guiltless, innocent, quit.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5355

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

נָקִי

masculine adjective • Root נקה • Strongs / High • Page 988

Pure, unblameable, innocent, upright; guiltless of, exempt from, or free from something (e.g., punishment, military service).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

נָקִי

verb • Root נקה • Page 456

1. pure, innocent. Ex. 23 : 7. Job 4: 7. 9: 25. 2. free, clear; from responsibility or obligation, construed with מִן. Gen. 24: 41. Num. 32: 22. from military service, Deut. 24: 5. 1 K. 15: 22.

Adjective adjective both singular absolute

LXX: ἀθῷον ἀθῷοσ ἀναίτιον ἀθῷοι δίκαιον

LXX Usage Statistics

H5355a:

ἀθῷον 12× (26.5%)

ἀθῷοσ 4× (9.0%)

ἀναίτιον 4× (8.3%)

ἀθῷοι 3× (6.7%)

δίκαιον 3× (6.0%)

ἀθῴου 2× (4.5%)

ἀθῴων 2× (4.5%)

להמית לְהָמִית

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מות

mûwth

Definition

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill; [idiom] at all, [idiom] crying, (be) dead (body, man, one), (put to, worthy of) death, destroy(-er), (cause to, be like to, must) die, kill, necro(-mancer), [idiom] must needs, slay, [idiom] surely, [idiom] very suddenly, [idiom] in (no) wise.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4191

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מוּת

verb • Root מות • Strongs / High • Page 829

(Qal) To be stretched, extended, or stiffen, as the limbs of an expiring body; hence to die, of men or animals. Metaphorically, to decay, be waste, be destroyed, or disappear.

מוּת

verb • Root מות • Strongs / High • Page 830

A verb root meaning to die, to expire. The lexicon provides extensive etymological background, connecting it to Arabic, Greek, Sanskrit, and other languages.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מוּת

verb • Page 365

1. to die (1 Sam. 25: 37; Gen. 45: 27). 2. to perish, be destroyed; spoken of a state (Am. 2: 2), or to become wretched (Prov. 15: 10). Pil. and Hiph. to kill, slay (1 Sam. 14: 13). Hoph. to be killed (Deut. 21: 22).

Preposition, Verb Hiphil infinitive construct common

LXX: ἀπέθανεν θανάτῳ ἀποθανεῖται ἀποθάνῃ ἀποθανοῦνται

LXX Usage Statistics

H4191:

ἀπέθανεν 120× (13.8%)

θανάτῳ 54× (6.7%)

ἀποθανεῖται 48× (6.0%)

ἀποθάνῃ 35× (4.2%)

ἀποθανοῦνται 23× (2.9%)

θανατῶσαι 22× (2.6%)

τέθνηκεν 21× (2.6%)

ἐθανάτωσεν 20× (2.3%)

ἀποθανῇ 18× (2.3%)

ἐτελεύτησεν 15× (1.7%)

את אֶת־

את-self eternal

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

את

ʼêth

Definition

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Root

apparent contracted from H226 (אות) in the demonstrative sense of entity;

Exhaustive

apparent contracted from אות in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely); (as such unrepresented in English).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H853

את

ʼêth

Definition

a hoe or other digging implement

Root

of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

of uncertain derivation; a hoe or other digging implement; coulter, plowshare.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H855

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֵת

particle • Strongs_Numbers • Page 87

Particle used as a sign of the accusative, indicating the definite object of a verb; also used reflexively, or in designations of time and place. Occasionally interchangeable with other prepositions.

אֵת

substantive • Root אות • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

I. Proper substance, being, essence, body, self, essential. It is used as the sign of an accusative, or to give prominence to a noun as subject.

אֵת

preposition • Root אנה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 208

II. With; expressing fellowship or accompaniment. Properly side, support, lean upon.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Mattock, coulter of a plough, hoe, prop. anything cutting into.

אֵת

noun masculine • Root אתה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 209

Equivalent to אֵת III., of which it is merely a collateral form.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אוֹת or אֶת

sign of accusative case • Page 35

A sign of the accusative case.

אֶת

com. gen. chald. • Page 81

Equivalent to the Hebrew אוֹת (sign, miracle). Synonymous with תְּמַהּ. References: Dan. 3: 32, 33; 6: 28.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (masc.). Equivalent to אַתָּה. Note: Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2.

אַתְּ

pronoun • Page 81

Thou (fem.). In pause אָתְּ. Found in Judg. 17: 2; 1 K. 14: 2. Also sometimes appears as a masculine form (Num. 11: 15; Ezek. 28: 14).

אֵת

ii. particle • Page 81

A primitive particle and sign of the accusative case (with Makk. -אֶת; with suffixes אֹתִי, אֹתָנוּ, etc.). Often denotes the definite direct object but can appear in circumstances where other languages employ the nominative (with passive verbs, neuter verbs, or before a nominative subject). References: Gen. 17: 5; Ex. 10: 8; 1 Sam. 17: 34.

אֵת

preposition • Page 82

1. with, together with (Gen. 4:1); 2. with, near by (Gen. 39:6); 3. in or on a place (1 Sam. 7:16); 4. besides (1 K. 11:25); 5. towards, erga (Ruth 2:20, 2 Sam. 16:17).

Direct object eternal self

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0853:

No stats available

H0855:

No stats available

דוד דָּוד

David

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

דוד

Dâvid

Definition

David, the youngest son of Jesse

Root

rarely (fully); דויד; from the same as H1730 (דוד); loving;

Exhaustive

rarely (fully); דויד; from the same as דוד; loving; David, the youngest son of Jesse; David.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1732

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דָּוִד

proper noun • Root דוד • Strongs / High • Page 358

Proper noun of the famous Israelite king, founder of a dynasty (1055-1015 B.C.) and chief composer of the Psalter. Meaning loving, joiner, or beloved.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

דָּוִד

noun masculine • Root , דוד • Page 158

David, son of Jesse, king of Israel. 1 Sam. xvi. ff. 2 Sam. 1 Chr. xii.-xxx. Zion, 1 K. 3:1. The posterity of David, the royal family, Is. 7:2, 13.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: δαυιδ '' --- ὡσ αὐτοῦ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1732:

δαυιδ 966× (90.3%)

'' 45× (3.7%)

--- 28× (2.7%)

ὡσ 9× (0.9%)

αὐτοῦ 2× (0.2%)

ψαλμὸσ 2× (0.2%)

βασιλεὺσ 2× (0.2%)

βασιλεῖ 2× (0.2%)

חנם חִנָּם׃

freely

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חנם

chinnâm

Definition

gratis, i.e. devoid of cost, reason or advantage

Root

from H2580 (חן);

Exhaustive

from חן; gratis, i.e. devoid of cost, reason or advantage; without a cause (cost, wages), causeless, to cost nothing, free(-ly), innocent, for nothing (nought, in vain.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2600

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חִנָּם

adverb • Root חן • Consonantal / Medium • Page 505

Adverb meaning: 1. without reward or fee, gratis; 2. to no purpose, in vain; 3. without cause or occasion.

Matched via consonantal key only

חֵנָם

noun / masculine • Root חנם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 505

(Not used) A stone or rock, so called from hardness and density.

Matched via consonantal key only

חָנַם

verb • Root חנם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 505

(Not used in Kal) intransitive verb meaning to be hard, firm, pressed together, compact, of stones or hail-stones.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

חִנָּם

adverb • Root חן • Page 238

1. literally for mere favour, for nothing, without recompense, Gen. 29:15, Job 1:9, 2 Sam. 24:24. 2. without cause or occasion, undeservedly, Job 2:3, 9:17. 3. in vain, to no purpose, Prov. 1:17.

Adverb

LXX: δωρεάν δωρεὰν κενῆσ μάτην ἀδίκωσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2600:

δωρεάν 11× (34.6%)

δωρεὰν 10× (30.0%)

κενῆσ 4× (10.7%)

μάτην 2× (6.3%)

ἀδίκωσ 2× (6.3%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And he put his soul in his hand and smote the rover, and Jehovah will make great salvation to all Israel: thou sawest and thou wilt rejoice; and wherefore wilt thou sin against innocent blood, to kill David gratuitously?

LITV Translation:
Yea, he has put his life in his hand and killed the Philistine And Jehovah worked a great deliverance for all Israel. You saw it and rejoiced. And why do you sin against innocent blood, to put David to death for no reason?

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And he put his life in his hand, and smote the Philistine, and the Lord wrought a great deliverance; and all Israel saw, and rejoiced: why then dost thou sin against innocent blood, to slay David without a cause?