1 Samuel 17:13

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

וילכו וַיֵּלְכ֜וּ

and they are walking

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

הלך

hâlak

Definition

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Root

akin to H3212 (ילך); a primitive root;

Exhaustive

akin to ילך; a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively); (all) along, apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant, depart, [phrase] be eased, enter, exercise (self), [phrase] follow, forth, forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on, out, up and down), [phrase] greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead, march, [idiom] more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away), be at the point, quite, run (along), [phrase] send, speedily, spread, still, surely, [phrase] tale-bearer, [phrase] travel(-ler), walk (abroad, on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax, (way-) faring man, [idiom] be weak, whirl.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1980

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 401

An intransitive verb meaning to go, to walk, or to move forward in the widest sense. It applies to people, animals, and inanimate objects (e.g., a border extending, a report spreading, a ship sailing, the moon walking). The fundamental signification is varied by numerous prepositions indicating direction or manner, such as to go to/against (אֶל), to go with/accompany (עִם), to go after/follow (אַחֲרֵי), and to go before (לִפְנֵי).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 402

To go, to walk; to disappear, pass, retire; to stalk; also used as an auxiliary verb.

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 755

to go to

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 186

To go, in whatever manner; applied to things animate and inanimate (e.g., ark floating, boundary extending, report circulating). Various constructions include: (1) with accusative 'to go through' (Deut. 1:19); (2) with 'ב' 'to go with' (Ex. 10:9); (3) with 'עם' or 'את' 'to be conversant with' (Job 34:8); (4) with 'אַחֲרֵי' 'to go after, follow' (Gen. 24:5, 37:17).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 187

To go, walk. (Continued senses on this page): 2. To walk, figuratively for to live. Ps. 15:2, Is. 33:15, Mic. 2:11. 3. To depart, to die. Gen. 15:2, Ps. 39:14. 4. To pass away, to perish. Ps. 78:39, Job 19:10, 14:20. 5. To run, flow (spoken of water). Is. 8:8, Joel 4:18, Ezek. 7:17, 21:12. 6. To go on, continue, last. Gen. 26:13, Judg. 4:24, 1 Sam. 14:19, 2 Sam. 5:10, 18:25, Gen. 8:3.

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine plural

LXX: ἐπορεύθη ἐπορεύθησαν δεῦρο πορεύεσθαι ἀπῆλθεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1980:

ἐπορεύθη 192× (11.4%)

ἐπορεύθησαν 77× (4.7%)

δεῦρο 53× (3.5%)

πορεύεσθαι 52× (3.0%)

ἀπῆλθεν 50× (3.0%)

πορευθῆναι 39× (2.3%)

πορεύου 35× (2.3%)

πορεύσονται 35× (2.2%)

πορεύσομαι 34× (2.2%)

ἐπορεύετο 33× (2.1%)

שלשת שְׁלֹשֶׁת

three

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שלוש

shâlôwsh

Definition

three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice

Root

or שלש; masculine שלושה; or שלשה; a primitive number;

Exhaustive

or שלש; masculine שלושה; or שלשה; a primitive number; three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice; [phrase] fork, [phrase] often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, [phrase] thrice. Compare שליש.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7969

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שִׁלֵּשׁ

verb • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

Piel (Pih.) to divide (a land) into three parts, to separate in three, to do for the third time, to do the third day (denom. from שָׁלֹשׁ).

Matched via consonantal key only

שִׁלֵּשׁ

noun • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

A descendant in the third generation, i.e. a grandchild (only plur. שִׁלְּשִׁים attested in this sense).

Matched via consonantal key only

שִׁלֵּשׁ

noun proper masculine • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1441

(From שֶׁלֶשׁ; might, heroism) Proper name of a man.

Matched via consonantal key only

שֶׁלֶשׁ

unknown • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1441

Three; times, threefold, i. e. often; sometimes of three kinds (Law, Prophets, Hagiographa).

Matched via consonantal key only

שַׁלֵּשׁ

adverb • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

for the third time; on the third day (used adverbially).

Matched via consonantal key only

שָׁלַשׁ

verb intransitive • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1439

(not used) intrans. to be stout, firm, strong, of warriors and heroes.

Matched via consonantal key only

שָׁלֹשׁ

numeral cardinal • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1439

num. card. feminine (שְׁלֹשׁ, constr. שְׁלֹשֶׁת) and masculine (שְׁלֹשָׁה, constr. שְׁלֹשֶׁת).

Matched via consonantal key only

שָׁלֹשׁ

numeral • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

three (feminine form); sometimes prefixed to nouns (e.g., three years), sometimes put after nouns like adjectives; also stands for a neuter (three things, three days).

Matched via consonantal key only

שֶׁלֶשׁ

noun • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1439

(plur. שְׁלָשִׁים) see שָׁלֵשׁ.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁלוֹשׁ

numeral • Root שלש • Page 676

three, see שָׁלֹשׁ

שָׁלוֹשׁ

adjective / numeral • Page 682

Three. (Variant of שָׁלֹשׁ).

שָׁלַשׁ

pi. denom. • Root שלוש • Page 683

1. to divide into three parts. Deut. 19:3. 2. to repeat the third time. 1 K. 18:34. 3. to do on the third day. 1 Sam. 20:19. Also in Pu.: 1. to be triple, three-fold. Ecc. 4:12. 2. to be three years old. Gen. 15:9.

שָׁלֹשׁ

adjective / numeral • Page 682

Three. Ex. 21: 11. Josh. 21: 32.

Noun common feminine singular construct

LXX: τρεῖσ τρία τριῶν τριακόσιοι τρισὶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H7969:

τρεῖσ 169× (33.3%)

τρία 45× (9.1%)

τριῶν 34× (6.6%)

τριακόσιοι 22× (4.6%)

τρισὶν 17× (3.0%)

εἴκοσι 13× (2.5%)

τρισχίλιοι 11× (2.1%)

'' 10× (1.8%)

τριάκοντα 10× (2.0%)

τριακοσίουσ 10× (2.1%)

בני בְּנֵי־

sons/my son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶל

chald. • Page 49

Chald. idem. [to Hebrew אַל]. Dan. 2: 24.

אֶל

preposition • Page 50

Primary preposition meaning: 1. to (sign of the dative); 2. towards, even to (Num. 24:1); 3. at, on, near (1 K. 13:20); 4. about, concerning (Gen. 20:2); 5. in, into (Gen. 8:9); 6. among (1 Sam. 10:22); 7. through (Ezek. 44:7); 8. for, on account of (1 K. 14:5); 9. in combination with other prepositions implies direction.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

ישי יִשַׁי

Being/Existance (Jesse)

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ישי

Yishay

Definition

Jishai, David's father

Root

by Aramaic אישי; from the same as H3426 (יש); extant;

Exhaustive

by Aramaic אישי; from the same as יש; extant; Jishai, David's father; Jesse.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3448

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יִשַׁי

noun / proper / masculine • Root יש יה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 658

Jah is existing, living; the name of David's father.

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ιεσσαι ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H3448:

ιεσσαι 35× (86.6%)

'' 5× (10.9%)

הגדלים הַגְּדֹלִים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

גדול

gâdôwl

Definition

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

Root

or גדל; (shortened) from H1431 (גדל);

Exhaustive

or גדל; (shortened) from גדל; great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent; [phrase] aloud, elder(-est), [phrase] exceeding(-ly), [phrase] far, (man of) great (man, matter, thing,-er,-ness), high, long, loud, mighty, more, much, noble, proud thing, [idiom] sore, ([idiom]) very.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1419

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גָּדוֹל

adjective • Consonantal / Medium • Page 304

Great (opposite of קָטָן). Can refer to size, extent, number, multitude, importance, weight, violence, or power. Applied to emotions like fear, joy, and sorrow. With reference to age, it means older or oldest. With reference to might, it means distinguished, noble, powerful, rich, influential. Used in titles like 'the great king' or 'the high-priest'.

Matched via consonantal key only

Particle definite article, Adjective adjective masculine plural absolute

LXX: μέγασ μέγα μεγάλην μεγάλη μεγάλῃ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1419a:

μέγασ 64× (12.4%)

μέγα 56× (10.9%)

μεγάλην 54× (10.6%)

μεγάλη 49× (9.6%)

μεγάλῃ 41× (8.2%)

μέγαν 36× (6.5%)

μεγάλου 30× (5.7%)

μεγάλα 26× (5.1%)

--- 19× (3.9%)

'' 18× (3.1%)

הלכו הָלְכוּ

they have walked

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

הלך

hâlak

Definition

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Root

akin to H3212 (ילך); a primitive root;

Exhaustive

akin to ילך; a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively); (all) along, apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant, depart, [phrase] be eased, enter, exercise (self), [phrase] follow, forth, forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on, out, up and down), [phrase] greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead, march, [idiom] more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away), be at the point, quite, run (along), [phrase] send, speedily, spread, still, surely, [phrase] tale-bearer, [phrase] travel(-ler), walk (abroad, on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax, (way-) faring man, [idiom] be weak, whirl.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1980

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 401

An intransitive verb meaning to go, to walk, or to move forward in the widest sense. It applies to people, animals, and inanimate objects (e.g., a border extending, a report spreading, a ship sailing, the moon walking). The fundamental signification is varied by numerous prepositions indicating direction or manner, such as to go to/against (אֶל), to go with/accompany (עִם), to go after/follow (אַחֲרֵי), and to go before (לִפְנֵי).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 402

To go, to walk; to disappear, pass, retire; to stalk; also used as an auxiliary verb.

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 755

to go to

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 186

To go, in whatever manner; applied to things animate and inanimate (e.g., ark floating, boundary extending, report circulating). Various constructions include: (1) with accusative 'to go through' (Deut. 1:19); (2) with 'ב' 'to go with' (Ex. 10:9); (3) with 'עם' or 'את' 'to be conversant with' (Job 34:8); (4) with 'אַחֲרֵי' 'to go after, follow' (Gen. 24:5, 37:17).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 187

To go, walk. (Continued senses on this page): 2. To walk, figuratively for to live. Ps. 15:2, Is. 33:15, Mic. 2:11. 3. To depart, to die. Gen. 15:2, Ps. 39:14. 4. To pass away, to perish. Ps. 78:39, Job 19:10, 14:20. 5. To run, flow (spoken of water). Is. 8:8, Joel 4:18, Ezek. 7:17, 21:12. 6. To go on, continue, last. Gen. 26:13, Judg. 4:24, 1 Sam. 14:19, 2 Sam. 5:10, 18:25, Gen. 8:3.

Verb Qal perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἐπορεύθη ἐπορεύθησαν δεῦρο πορεύεσθαι ἀπῆλθεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1980:

ἐπορεύθη 192× (11.4%)

ἐπορεύθησαν 77× (4.7%)

δεῦρο 53× (3.5%)

πορεύεσθαι 52× (3.0%)

ἀπῆλθεν 50× (3.0%)

πορευθῆναι 39× (2.3%)

πορεύου 35× (2.3%)

πορεύσονται 35× (2.2%)

πορεύσομαι 34× (2.2%)

ἐπορεύετο 33× (2.1%)

אחרי אַחֲרֵי־

the behind one/backward

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אחר

ʼachar

Definition

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

Root

from H309 (אחר);

Exhaustive

from אחר; properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses); after (that, -ward), again, at, away from, back (from, -side), behind, beside, by, follow (after, -ing), forasmuch, from, hereafter, hinder end, [phrase] out (over) live, [phrase] persecute, posterity, pursuing, remnant, seeing, since, thence(-forth), when, with.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H310

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אַחַר

noun masculine / adv. / preposition • Root אחר • Strongs_Numbers • Page 103

Properly hinder, later, after. Commonly used as: 1. An adverb of time (after, then, thereupon) or place (behind). 2. A preposition (after, behind). The construct state plural אַחֲרֵי (acharei) is frequently used as an adverb of time (afterward), an adverb of place/preposition (after, behind), or in a substantive meaning (hinder part, e.g., of a spear).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אַחֲרֵי

preposition • Root אחר • Page 41

after, as in Heb. Dan. 2:29.

אַחֲרֵי

adjective • Page 41

another. Dan. 2:39. 7:5, 6.

אַחַר

substantive / adv. / preposition • Page 40

1. originally a subst. the hinder part. 2 Sam. 2: 23. 2. adv. behind (Gen. 22: 13) or more frequently afterwards (Gen. 18: 5). 3. prep. (Plur. אַחֲרֵי) after, behind. Ex. 3: 1.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0310a:

No stats available

שאול שָׁאוּל

Sheol

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שאול

Shâʼûwl

Definition

Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites

Root

passive participle of H7592 (שאל); asked;

Exhaustive

passive participle of שאל; asked; Shaul, the name of an Edomite and two Israelites; Saul, Shaul.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7586

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁאוּל

noun proper masculine • Root שאל • Strongs / High • Page 1366

Proper name masculine, meaning 'asked' (from God). Refers to the first king of Israel, an appellation of the place שֶׁבַע, and a patronymic.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: σαουλ '' --- γυναικὶ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7586:

σαουλ 355× (88.5%)

'' 29× (6.4%)

--- 9× (2.3%)

γυναικὶ 2× (0.4%)

למלחמה לַמִּלְחָמָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ל

lə

Definition

to, for

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(lamed) — to / toward / for

Core value: orientation, directionality, belonging
ל is often mistranslated as purpose (“in order to”), but that smuggles in future-time. In reality, ל marks:
- movement toward,
- dedication unto,
- reference with respect to.
Aonically, ל is vectorial, not teleological.
not “for the sake of a future outcome”
but “oriented toward a locus or pole.”
This is why possession (“belongs to”) and motion (“toward”) use the same preposition: both indicate relational alignment, not time.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלחמה

milchâmâh

Definition

a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare)

Root

from H3898 (לחם) (in the sense of fighting);

Exhaustive

from לחם (in the sense of fighting); a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare); battle, fight(-ing), war(-rior).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4421

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִלְחָמָה

noun feminine • Root לחם • Strongs / High • Page 856

war, fight, strife.

מִלְחָמָה

noun / feminine • Root לחם • Strongs / High • Page 857

War, battle. Figuratively used for warriors, weapons of war, armour, antagonism, opposition, a hostile house, and the reward of battle or victory.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִלְחָמָה

noun feminine • Root לחם • Page 379

1. War; עָשָׂה מִלְחָמָה to carry on war. אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה a man of war. 2. Battle, slaughter (Ex. 13:17). 3. By metonymy, a weapon (Ps. 76:4).

Preposition -For/Into Art, Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX: πόλεμον πόλεμοσ πολέμου πολέμῳ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H4421:

πόλεμον 114× (34.5%)

πόλεμοσ 44× (13.5%)

πολέμου 34× (10.7%)

πολέμῳ 25× (6.7%)

'' 12× (3.5%)

πολεμιστὴσ 9× (2.9%)

πολεμισταὶ 9× (2.8%)

πολεμιστῶν 6× (1.8%)

pεἰσ 5× (1.7%)

πολεμισταί 5× (1.6%)

ושם׀ וְשֵׁם׀

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שם

shêm

Definition

an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

Root

a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare H8064 (שמים));

Exhaustive

a primitive word (perhaps rather from through the idea of definite and conspicuous position; compare שמים); an appellation, as amark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character; [phrase] base, (in-) fame(-ous), named(-d), renown, report.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8034

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שֵׁם

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1442

A sign, a memorial, a token, a mark, and therefore a name. (Includes usage regarding calling or inscribing a name).

שֵׁם

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1442

Metaphor: The internal essence as outwardly revealed and known as operative; hence of God (the Divine Essence, Presence, Protection, or Power).

שֵׁם

noun masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1442

Fame, renown, fama, an honourable name. Also used to denote a good name, sweet scent (assonance), bad reputation, or posterity (name after death).

שֵׁם

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 1442

Proper noun: The oldest son of Noah (Gen. 5, 32), progenitor of the Semites.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שֵׁם

m. constr. • Page 683

1. a name; a celebrated name, celebrity, renown. Gen. 6: 4, Num. 16: 2. 2. a rumour, report. Deut. 22: 14. 3. the name of Jehovah, particularly his praise or glory. Ps. 79: 9, Is. 48: 9.

שָׁם

adverb • Page 683

1. there. 2. thither (i.q. שָׁמָּה). 3. then (spoken of time). 4. thither/whither (with paragagic ה). Gen. 13: 3, 1 Sam. 2: 14, Ps. 14: 5, Gen. 19: 20.

שֻׁם

m. chald. • Page 684

A name. References: Dan. 4:5 [4:8]; Ezra 5:1. With suffix שֻׁמֵּהּ (from שֵׁם) Dan. 2:20, 26; 4:5 [4:8]; 5:12. Ezra 5:14: 'and they were given to Sheshbazzar, as his name was'.

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: ὄνομα ὄνομά ὀνόματι ὀνόματί ὀνόματα

LXX Usage Statistics

H8034:

ὄνομα 400× (45.4%)

ὄνομά 128× (14.3%)

ὀνόματι 86× (9.2%)

ὀνόματί 62× (6.4%)

ὀνόματα 50× (5.6%)

ὀνομάτων 22× (2.8%)

ὀνόματοσ 17× (1.8%)

ὀνόματόσ 15× (1.6%)

'' 15× (1.7%)

αὐτῆσ 10× (0.9%)

שלשת שְׁלֹשֶׁת

three

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שלוש

shâlôwsh

Definition

three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice

Root

or שלש; masculine שלושה; or שלשה; a primitive number;

Exhaustive

or שלש; masculine שלושה; or שלשה; a primitive number; three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice; [phrase] fork, [phrase] often(-times), third, thir(-teen, -teenth), three, [phrase] thrice. Compare שליש.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7969

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שִׁלֵּשׁ

verb • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

Piel (Pih.) to divide (a land) into three parts, to separate in three, to do for the third time, to do the third day (denom. from שָׁלֹשׁ).

Matched via consonantal key only

שִׁלֵּשׁ

noun • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

A descendant in the third generation, i.e. a grandchild (only plur. שִׁלְּשִׁים attested in this sense).

Matched via consonantal key only

שִׁלֵּשׁ

noun proper masculine • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1441

(From שֶׁלֶשׁ; might, heroism) Proper name of a man.

Matched via consonantal key only

שֶׁלֶשׁ

unknown • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1441

Three; times, threefold, i. e. often; sometimes of three kinds (Law, Prophets, Hagiographa).

Matched via consonantal key only

שַׁלֵּשׁ

adverb • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

for the third time; on the third day (used adverbially).

Matched via consonantal key only

שָׁלַשׁ

verb intransitive • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1439

(not used) intrans. to be stout, firm, strong, of warriors and heroes.

Matched via consonantal key only

שָׁלֹשׁ

numeral cardinal • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1439

num. card. feminine (שְׁלֹשׁ, constr. שְׁלֹשֶׁת) and masculine (שְׁלֹשָׁה, constr. שְׁלֹשֶׁת).

Matched via consonantal key only

שָׁלֹשׁ

numeral • Root שלש • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1440

three (feminine form); sometimes prefixed to nouns (e.g., three years), sometimes put after nouns like adjectives; also stands for a neuter (three things, three days).

Matched via consonantal key only

שֶׁלֶשׁ

noun • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1439

(plur. שְׁלָשִׁים) see שָׁלֵשׁ.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שָׁלוֹשׁ

numeral • Root שלש • Page 676

three, see שָׁלֹשׁ

שָׁלוֹשׁ

adjective / numeral • Page 682

Three. (Variant of שָׁלֹשׁ).

שָׁלַשׁ

pi. denom. • Root שלוש • Page 683

1. to divide into three parts. Deut. 19:3. 2. to repeat the third time. 1 K. 18:34. 3. to do on the third day. 1 Sam. 20:19. Also in Pu.: 1. to be triple, three-fold. Ecc. 4:12. 2. to be three years old. Gen. 15:9.

שָׁלֹשׁ

adjective / numeral • Page 682

Three. Ex. 21: 11. Josh. 21: 32.

Noun common feminine singular construct

LXX: τρεῖσ τρία τριῶν τριακόσιοι τρισὶν

LXX Usage Statistics

H7969:

τρεῖσ 169× (33.3%)

τρία 45× (9.1%)

τριῶν 34× (6.6%)

τριακόσιοι 22× (4.6%)

τρισὶν 17× (3.0%)

εἴκοσι 13× (2.5%)

τρισχίλιοι 11× (2.1%)

'' 10× (1.8%)

τριάκοντα 10× (2.0%)

τριακοσίουσ 10× (2.1%)

בניו בָּנָ֗יו

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Noun common masculine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

אשר אֲשֶׁר

who/which

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אשר

ʼăsher

Definition

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.

Root

a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number);

Exhaustive

a primitive relative pronoun (of every gender and number); who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc.; [idiom] after, [idiom] alike, as (soon as), because, [idiom] every, for, [phrase] forasmuch, [phrase] from whence, [phrase] how(-soever), [idiom] if, (so) that ((thing) which, wherein), [idiom] though, [phrase] until, [phrase] whatsoever, when, where ([phrase] -as, -in, -of, -on, -soever, -with), which, whilst, [phrase] whither(-soever), who(-m, -soever, -se). As it is indeclinable, it is often accompanied by the personal pronoun expletively, used to show the connection.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H834

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲשֶׁר

noun proper • Root אשיר אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 204

Proper name of a city east of Shechem, on the border of Manasseh.

אֲשֶׁר

pronoun relative • Lemma_Lookup • Page 204

Relative pronoun: who, which; forming the relative in prose.

אֲשֶׁר

relative particle • Lemma_Lookup • Page 205

A relative particle or pronoun (who, which, that). It serves to connect a following clause with a preceding noun or pronoun. It can function as the subject or object within its clause (often supplemented by a pronominal suffix). In the accusative, it acts as a subordinate conjunction expressing relations of place (where, whither), time (when), and manner (as, that). It forms various compound conjunctions with prepositions, such as עַל אֲשֶׁר (wherefore, because), בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר (wherever), and כַּאֲשֶׁר (as).

אֲשֶׁר

pronoun relative / conjunction • Lemma_Lookup • Page 206

Relative pronoun and conjunction: that, which, where, so that, because, in order that. Used to express object and design, clauses relating to time (when), or causal relationships.

אֲשַׁר

verb • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 212

(not used) Aram. equivalent to Hebr אֶתֶר.

אֲשֻׁר

masc. / fem. • Root אשר אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 204

1. A tree, commonly sherbin-cedar, larch, or box-tree. 2. A step, walk.

אֶשֶׁר

noun masculine • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 203

Name of a tree; also the proper name of a city.

אֶשֶׁר

noun masculine / noun proper • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 203

Happy; used as a proper name Asher (son of Jacob and the tribe named after him).

אֶשֶׁר

noun masculine • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 204

Fortune, happiness; hence as an interjection in the construct state: hail! happy!

אָשֵׁר

verb • Lemma_Lookup • Page 203

To be connected, united (equivalent to אָסַר).

אָשַׁר

verb • Lemma_Lookup • Page 203

To go about, run about; to go, to walk, to step along.

אָשַׁר

verb • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 203

To be united, by love, marriage, etc.; to be firm, strong, pressed together.

אָשַׁר

verb • Root ישר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 203

To be straight (even of a way); in a moral sense: to be right, honest, upright; to be prosperous, happy.

אָשַׁר

verb • Root עשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1143

(which see); Ar. the same, hence עָשִׁיר a spouse, an associate. Deriv. אֲשֵׁרָה, עֲשֵׁרָה, עָשִׁירָה.

אָשֻׁר

noun masculine • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 204

Step, walk.

אֹשֶׁר

noun masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 204

Prosperity.

אֻשַּׁר

verb • Lemma_Lookup • Page 203

To be led, guided.

אֲשֶׁר אַחֲרֵי־כֵן

adverbial phrase • Lemma_Lookup • Page 708

After that.

אֲשַׂרְאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 206

Proper noun, masculine. ('El is allied). Found in 1 Chr. 4, 16. Equivalent to the Phenician Osiris, an epithet of Ba'al.

אֲשַׂרְאֵלָה

noun proper masculine • Root אשר אלה • Lemma_Lookup • Page 206

Proper noun, masculine. Found in 1 Chr. 25, 2. A variant reading is יְשַׂרְאֵלָה (Jesharelah).

אֲשֵׁרָה

noun feminine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 206

Name of a Phenician goddess, sometimes identified with the Sidonian Astarte; also refers to the wooden image/pillar of the goddess standing beside the altar of Ba'al.

אָשֵׁרִי

adjective • Lemma_Lookup • Page 204

Gentile of Asher; Asherite.

אֲשְׂרִיאֵל

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 207

Proper name of a man (Num. 26:31; Josh. 17:2).

אֲשֵׁרִים

noun masculine plural • Lemma_Lookup • Page 207

Male images of Baal, of wood, symbolising Baal as a generating power, and distinct from images of Ashera.

אֻשַּׁרְנָא

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 207

A wall (Ezr. 5:3), properly a firm thing. Formed from אָשַׁר with the termination na.

אֲשֶׁר עַל־הַבַּיִת

phrase • Lemma_Lookup • Page 238

head of the palace, minister of the court

אֶת־אֲשֶׁר

relative phrase • Lemma_Lookup • Page 87

the person whom or the thing which

כַּאֲשֶׁר

conjunction • Root אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 669

as, when, according as, since.

תְּלַאשַּׂר

unknown • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1515

see תְּלָאשֶׁר.

תְּלָאשָׂר

noun proper • Root תל אשר • Lemma_Lookup • Page 1513

(as also תְּלַשַּׁר Is. 37, 12, also in mss. תְּלַסַּר) n. p. of a Mesopotamian province and city, inhabited by the בְּנֵי עֶדֶן, and formerly subject to Assyria Is. 37, 12; 2 Kings 19, 12. The word has arisen from תֵּל and אָשָׁר = אָשׂוּר.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֲשֶׁר

pronoun relative • Page 79

Relative pronoun: who, which, that. Used for both genders and numbers. Often acts as a sign of relation for other pronouns and adverbs (e.g., אֲשֶׁר-שָׁם 'where', אֲשֶׁר-מִשָּׁם 'whence').

אֲשֶׁר

adv. or conjunction • Page 80

Used as an adverb or conjunction; signifies (1.) *that, to the end that, ut*; (2.) *that, how that, quod*; (3.) *because*; (4.) *if*; (5.) *for*; (6.) *when*; (7.) *as*; (8.) *where*. References include Gen. 11:7, Deut. 4:40, Ex. 11:7, Jos. 2:10, 1 Sam. 24:19, 1 K. 8:33, Lev. 4:22, Jer. 33:22, Num. 20:13.

אֶשֶׁר

noun • Page 79

Happiness, prosperity; found only in the plural construct אַשְׁרֵי (the happinesses of). (Ps. 1:1, 2:12, 32:1, 33:12; Prov. 3:13, 8:34; Deut. 33:29).

אֶשֶׁר

noun masculine • Root אשר • Page 80

*Prosperity*. Reference: Gen. 30:13.

אָשֵׁר

m. proper name • Page 79

1. A son of Jacob, progenitor of one of the tribes of Israel. 2. A city not far from Shechem (Josh. 17:7).

אָשַׁר

verb • Root ישר • Page 79

1. To go straight, proceed (Prov. 9:6). 2. To be right, suitable, successful, or prosperous (Hab. 2:4). Pi.: To lead or guide straight (Prov. 23:19; Is. 1:17). Pu.: To be guided or pronounced happy (Ps. 41:3; Prov. 3:18).

Particle relative

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0834a:

No stats available

הלכו הָלְכוּ

they have walked

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

הלך

hâlak

Definition

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

Root

akin to H3212 (ילך); a primitive root;

Exhaustive

akin to ילך; a primitive root; to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively); (all) along, apace, behave (self), come, (on) continually, be conversant, depart, [phrase] be eased, enter, exercise (self), [phrase] follow, forth, forward, get, go (about, abroad, along, away, forward, on, out, up and down), [phrase] greater, grow, be wont to haunt, lead, march, [idiom] more and more, move (self), needs, on, pass (away), be at the point, quite, run (along), [phrase] send, speedily, spread, still, surely, [phrase] tale-bearer, [phrase] travel(-ler), walk (abroad, on, to and fro, up and down, to places), wander, wax, (way-) faring man, [idiom] be weak, whirl.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1980

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Strongs / High • Page 401

An intransitive verb meaning to go, to walk, or to move forward in the widest sense. It applies to people, animals, and inanimate objects (e.g., a border extending, a report spreading, a ship sailing, the moon walking). The fundamental signification is varied by numerous prepositions indicating direction or manner, such as to go to/against (אֶל), to go with/accompany (עִם), to go after/follow (אַחֲרֵי), and to go before (לִפְנֵי).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 402

To go, to walk; to disappear, pass, retire; to stalk; also used as an auxiliary verb.

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Strongs / High • Page 755

to go to

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 186

To go, in whatever manner; applied to things animate and inanimate (e.g., ark floating, boundary extending, report circulating). Various constructions include: (1) with accusative 'to go through' (Deut. 1:19); (2) with 'ב' 'to go with' (Ex. 10:9); (3) with 'עם' or 'את' 'to be conversant with' (Job 34:8); (4) with 'אַחֲרֵי' 'to go after, follow' (Gen. 24:5, 37:17).

הָלַךְ

verb • Root הלך • Page 187

To go, walk. (Continued senses on this page): 2. To walk, figuratively for to live. Ps. 15:2, Is. 33:15, Mic. 2:11. 3. To depart, to die. Gen. 15:2, Ps. 39:14. 4. To pass away, to perish. Ps. 78:39, Job 19:10, 14:20. 5. To run, flow (spoken of water). Is. 8:8, Joel 4:18, Ezek. 7:17, 21:12. 6. To go on, continue, last. Gen. 26:13, Judg. 4:24, 1 Sam. 14:19, 2 Sam. 5:10, 18:25, Gen. 8:3.

Verb Qal perfect third person common plural

LXX: ἐπορεύθη ἐπορεύθησαν δεῦρο πορεύεσθαι ἀπῆλθεν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1980:

ἐπορεύθη 192× (11.4%)

ἐπορεύθησαν 77× (4.7%)

δεῦρο 53× (3.5%)

πορεύεσθαι 52× (3.0%)

ἀπῆλθεν 50× (3.0%)

πορευθῆναι 39× (2.3%)

πορεύου 35× (2.3%)

πορεύσονται 35× (2.2%)

πορεύσομαι 34× (2.2%)

ἐπορεύετο 33× (2.1%)

במלחמה בַּמִּלְחָמָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ב

bə

Definition

in, by

Root

A primitive particle; a prefix

Exhaustive

(beth) — in / within / by means of

Core value: interiority, enclosure, participation

ב does not primarily mean “in time” (“when”) or even “in space.” It marks being inside a domain, whether that domain is:
- spatial (house, land),
- conceptual (wisdom, covenant),
- modal (strength, fear),
- instrumental (by means of).
Aonically, ב marks immersion.
not “when X happened” but “within the state or field of X.”
This is why ב־יום does not need to mean “on the day (chronological)” but “within the day-realm / condition”.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מלחמה

milchâmâh

Definition

a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare)

Root

from H3898 (לחם) (in the sense of fighting);

Exhaustive

from לחם (in the sense of fighting); a battle (i.e. the engagement); generally, war (i.e. warfare); battle, fight(-ing), war(-rior).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4421

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִלְחָמָה

noun feminine • Root לחם • Strongs / High • Page 856

war, fight, strife.

מִלְחָמָה

noun / feminine • Root לחם • Strongs / High • Page 857

War, battle. Figuratively used for warriors, weapons of war, armour, antagonism, opposition, a hostile house, and the reward of battle or victory.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִלְחָמָה

noun feminine • Root לחם • Page 379

1. War; עָשָׂה מִלְחָמָה to carry on war. אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה a man of war. 2. Battle, slaughter (Ex. 13:17). 3. By metonymy, a weapon (Ps. 76:4).

Preposition -Within Art, Noun common feminine singular absolute

LXX: πόλεμον πόλεμοσ πολέμου πολέμῳ ''

LXX Usage Statistics

H4421:

πόλεμον 114× (34.5%)

πόλεμοσ 44× (13.5%)

πολέμου 34× (10.7%)

πολέμῳ 25× (6.7%)

'' 12× (3.5%)

πολεμιστὴσ 9× (2.9%)

πολεμισταὶ 9× (2.8%)

πολεμιστῶν 6× (1.8%)

pεἰσ 5× (1.7%)

πολεμισταί 5× (1.6%)

אליאב אֱלִיאָב

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אליאב

ʼĔlîyʼâb

Definition

Eliab, the name of six Israelites

Root

from H410 (אל) and H1 (אב); God of (his) father;

Exhaustive

from אל and אב; God of (his) father; Eliab, the name of six Israelites; Eliab.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H446

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱלִיאָב

noun proper masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 138

Proper name masculine, 'El is father'.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0446:

No stats available

הבכור הַבְּכ֗וֹר

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בכור

bᵉkôwr

Definition

firstborn; hence, chief

Root

from H1069 (בכר);

Exhaustive

from בכר; firstborn; hence, chief; eldest (son), firstborn(-ling).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1060

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בְּכוֹר

noun masculine • Root בכר • Consonantal / Medium • Page 243

prop. abstract, the being matured; concrete first birth i.e. the first born, particularly the male, but in Scripture only with reference to the first begotten of the father.

Matched via consonantal key only

בִּכּוּר

noun masculine • Root בכר • Consonantal / Medium • Page 243

1. firstlings (of fruits, grain) which were offered in the temple. 2. Same as בַּכּוּרָה the early fig, which ripens at the beginning of summer.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בְּכוֹר

noun masculine • Root בכר • Page 98

1. first-born, spoken of men and cattle (Ex. 11:5, 12:29). 2. figuratively, 'the first-born of the poor' (Is. 14:30), meaning the very poor; 'death's first-born' (Job 18:13), meaning a most awful death.

Particle definite article, Noun common both singular absolute

LXX: πρωτότοκον πρωτότοκοσ πρωτοτόκου πρωτότοκα πρωτοτόκῳ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1060:

πρωτότοκον 32× (27.6%)

πρωτότοκοσ 28× (22.8%)

πρωτοτόκου 18× (15.4%)

πρωτότοκα 13× (9.7%)

πρωτοτόκῳ 8× (6.2%)

πρωτοτόκων 8× (5.9%)

πρωτότοκόσ 4× (3.4%)

'' 2× (1.5%)

ומשנהו וּמִשְׁנֵהוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

משנה

mishneh

Definition

properly, a repetition, i.e. a duplicate (copy of a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second (in order, rank, age, quality or location)

Root

from H8138 (שנה);

Exhaustive

from שנה; properly, a repetition, i.e. a duplicate (copy of a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second (in order, rank, age, quality or location); college, copy, double, fatlings, next, second (order), twice as much.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4932

הו

Definition

his, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine singular

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine singular

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9023

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִשְׁנֶה

noun masculine • Root שנה • Strongs / High • Page 922

1. repetition, of the Torah, copy, apographum; second money; 2. second, with relation to order, rank, dignity and gradation, consequently inferior; 3. the second, i. e. the younger, or less costly kind.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִשְׁנֶה

m. verbal • Root שנה • Page 415

1. the second place, in succession or rank; usually put after a noun in regimen. the second priest. 2 K. 25:18. Jer. 52:24. the second chariot, Gen. 41:43. his second brother, 2 Chr. 31:12. 2. as a concrete, the second. the second after the king. 2 Chr. 28:7.

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine singular

LXX: '' διπλᾶ δισσὸν δευτερώσεωσ δεύτερον

LXX Usage Statistics

H4932:

'' 3× (8.5%)

διπλᾶ 2× (6.7%)

δισσὸν 2× (6.7%)

δευτερώσεωσ 2× (5.7%)

δεύτερον 2× (5.7%)

δευτέρασ 2× (5.7%)

δεύτεροσ 2× (5.2%)

אבינדב אֲבִינָדָב

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אבינדב

ʼĂbîynâdâb

Definition

Abinadab, the name of four Israelites

Root

from H1 (אב) and H5068 (נדב); father of generosity (i.e. liberal);

Exhaustive

from אב and נדב; father of generosity (i.e. liberal); Abinadab, the name of four Israelites; Abinadab.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H41

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֲבִינָדָב

noun proper masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 51

Proper name of several men (1 Sam. 7:1; 16:8; 17:13; 31:2). Meaning 'Ab is noble'.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0041:

No stats available

והשלשי וְהַשְּׁלִשׁי

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שלישי

shᵉlîyshîy

Definition

third; feminine athird (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a third-story cell)

Root

ordinal from H7969 (שלוש);

Exhaustive

ordinal from שלוש; third; feminine athird (part); by extension, a third (day, year or time); specifically, a third-story cell); third (part, rank, time), three (years old).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7992

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁלִישִׁי

ordinal adjective • Root שלש • Strongs / High • Page 1440

third (masculine ordinal).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שְׁלִישִׁי

noun masculine • Root שלש • Page 680

The third. The fem. שְׁלִישִׁית (shelishit) signifies (1) the third part; (2) the third time (Ezek. 21:19); (3) the third day, or the day after tomorrow (1 Sam. 20:12); (4) in Is. 15:5 and Jer. 48:34 it forms part of a proper name.

Conjunction, Particle definite article, Adjective ordinal number both singular absolute

LXX: τρίτῃ τρίτοσ τρίτον τρίτῳ τέταρτον

LXX Usage Statistics

H7992:

τρίτῃ 26× (22.9%)

τρίτοσ 20× (17.6%)

τρίτον 19× (15.6%)

τρίτῳ 12× (10.4%)

τέταρτον 3× (2.3%)

τρίτη 3× (2.6%)

τρίτην 3× (2.6%)

τρίτου 3× (2.5%)

μέρουσ 3× (2.0%)

τρίτησ 2× (2.1%)

שמה שַׁמָּה׃

there/her name

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שמה

Shammâh

Definition

Shammah, the name of an Edomite and four Israelites

Root

the same as H8047 (שמה);

Exhaustive

the same as שמה; Shammah, the name of an Edomite and four Israelites; Shammah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8048

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שָׁמַהּ

verb • Root שמה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1444

I. (not used) tr. to engrave, to inscribe, of a memorial-sign or mark.

Matched via consonantal key only

שָׁמָּה

adverb • Root שם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 797

There (adverb).

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שַׁמָּה

f. verbal • Root שמם • Page 684

1. a desolation. Is. 5:9; Jer. 2:15; Ps. 73:19. 2. astonishment, amazement. Jer. 8:21. Particularly an object of astonishment, Deut. 28:37; Jer. 19:8.

שַׁמָּה

f. verbal noun • Root שמם • Page 686

Idem (for שְׁמָמָה); desolation, waste (Ezek. 35:7, 9).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: σομε

LXX Usage Statistics

H8048:

σομε 3× (44.8%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And three sons of Jesse, the great ones, going, went after Saul to war: and the names of his three sons which went in the war, Eliab the first-born and his second, Abinadab, and the third, Shammah.

LITV Translation:
And the three eldest sons of Jesse went out; they went after Saul to the battle. And the name of his three sons who went into the battle: Eliab, the firstborn; and his second, Abinadab; and the third, Shammah.