1 Chronicles 6:51

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

וממשפחות וּמִמִּשְׁפְּחוֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

משפחה

mishpâchâh

Definition

a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people

Root

from H8192 (שפה) (compare H8198 (שפחה));

Exhaustive

from שפה (compare שפחה); a family, i.e. circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people; family, kind(-red).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4940

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שֶׁפַח

concept / noun • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1469

shed, blood; figuratively to break out, of pustules, leprosy.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

שָׁפַח

verb • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1468

(Not used) intransitive. To be attached, to associate, of the members of a family and domestics; to be related.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

שִׁפַּח

verb piel • Root שפח • Consonantal / Low • Page 1469

To make break out, i. e. to cover with leprosy; perhaps to make empty.

Matched via prefix/suffix stripped stem

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִשְׁפָּחָה

noun feminine • Root שפח • Page 416

1. a kind, species, of animals. Gen. 8: 19. 2. a tribe. Gen. 10: 18. 3. a subdivision of a tribe, a family. Ex. 6: 14.

Conjunction, Preposition, Noun common feminine plural construct

LXX: δῆμοσ δήμουσ δῆμοι --- δήμου

LXX Usage Statistics

H4940:

δῆμοσ 75× (27.0%)

δήμουσ 66× (20.5%)

δῆμοι 16× (5.8%)

--- 14× (5.1%)

δήμου 14× (4.2%)

φυλῆσ 10× (2.8%)

φυλὴ 9× (2.9%)

συγγενείασ 9× (2.6%)

πατριαὶ 7× (2.3%)

φυλαὶ 6× (1.8%)

בני בְּנֵי

sons/my son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

קהת קְהָת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

קהת

Qᵉhâth

Definition

Kehath, an Israelite

Root

from an unused root meaning to ally oneself; allied;

Exhaustive

from an unused root meaning to ally oneself; allied; Kehath, an Israelite; Kohath.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6955

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

קְהָת

noun proper • Root קהת • Strongs / High • Page 1264

Assembly, gathering or church. Proper name of a Levitical leading family.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: κααθ κααθι

LXX Usage Statistics

H6955:

κααθ 32× (68.7%)

κααθ 12× (23.9%)

κααθι 2× (3.7%)

ויהי וַיְהִי

and he is being

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wāw

Definition

sequential 'and'

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

Vav Conversive/Consecutive: The category “vav conversive / vav consecutive” is not an ancient grammatical datum; it is a modern explanatory construct, developed by early Hebraists to force Biblical Hebrew into a Latin/chronological tense model that it simply does not share.

The notion arose in early modern grammar (17th–19th c.) when scholars assumed:
- verbs must encode tense,
- narratives must advance by past → present → future,
- therefore Hebrew forms that “don’t behave” must be converted.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

היה

hâyâh

Definition

to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

Root

a primitive root (compare H1933 (הוא));

Exhaustive

a primitive root (compare הוא); to exist, i.e. be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary); beacon, [idiom] altogether, be(-come), accomplished, committed, like), break, cause, come (to pass), do, faint, fall, [phrase] follow, happen, [idiom] have, last, pertain, quit (one-) self, require, [idiom] use.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1961

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 397

To be, to exist, to live, to become. A substantive verb used to unite a subject and predicate. It can also mean to happen, to arise, or to belong to. Used in a wide variety of grammatical constructions.

הָיָה

verb • Root היה • Strongs / High • Page 591

To be, to become, to exist. The common Hebrew verb for 'to be', considered the root of the divine name.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הַיָּה

noun feminine • Page 185

Keri הַוָּה suffering, calamity. Job 6: 2; 30: 13.

הָיָה

verb • Page 184

1. To be (Ex. 20:3, Num. 10:31, etc.); 2. to become (Ex. 4:4, Hos. 3:3, etc.); 3. to happen (Is. 19:15).

conjunctive, Verb Qal sequential imperfect third person masculine singular

LXX: ἔσται ἐγένετο ἦν ἐγενήθη ἔσονται

LXX Usage Statistics

H1961:

ἔσται 827× (22.9%)

ἐγένετο 634× (16.8%)

ἦν 280× (7.9%)

ἐγενήθη 215× (5.8%)

ἔσονται 160× (4.5%)

ἦσαν 134× (3.8%)

ἐγένοντο 83× (2.3%)

'' 74× (1.9%)

--- 73× (2.2%)

εἶναι 67× (1.7%)

ערי עָרֵי

cities

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עיר

ʻîyr

Definition

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Root

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from H5782 (עור)

Exhaustive

or (in the plural) ער; or עיר; (Judges 10:4), from עור; a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post); Ai (from margin), city, court (from margin), town.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5892

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1061

Proper name masculine meaning 'one setting up, strengthening'.

עִיר

noun feminine • Root עור • Strongs / High • Page 1083

1. An enclosed, fenced place, proceeding from the verb-idea 'to fence round, encircle, enclose'; hence town, city. 2. dwelling.

עִיר

noun feminine • Strongs / High • Page 1084

1. A tower, a castle, a tower of watch; 2. A city generally, also a village, hamlet, or encampment; 3. Part of a city; 4. Metaphor for the inhabitants of a city.

עִיר

noun masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

Heat, anger, wrath.

עִיר

noun proper masculine • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A proper name (a man mentioned in 1 Chr. 7, 12).

עִיר

noun masculine (aramaic) • Root עיר • Strongs / High • Page 1084

A watcher (Aram.), referring to archangels, good angels, or fallen ones.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

הֵעִיר

verb • Root עור • Page 498

1. To awaken from sleep. Zech. 4:1. 2. To stir up (e.g., the leviathan). Job 41:2; Deut. 32:11. 3. intrans. to awake. Ps. 35:23; Job 8:6.

עִיר

noun feminine • Page 505

I. a city. References include city of God (Ps. 46: 5), the holy city (Neh. 11: 1), and several proper names like city of salt and city of palms (Jericho).

עִיר

noun • Page 505

II. perhaps anger, hostile attack. Jer. 15:8; Hos. 11:9. Comp. Arab. med. Vav to attack, assault.

עִיר

m. chald. • Page 505

a watcher, a name of angels in the later Jewish demonology, so called because they watch over the souls of men. Dan. 4: 10, 14, 20.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: πόλεισ πόλιν πόλεωσ πόλει πόλισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5892b:

πόλεισ 250× (22.9%)

πόλιν 200× (17.5%)

πόλεωσ 192× (17.0%)

πόλει 120× (9.9%)

πόλισ 83× (7.5%)

πόλεσιν 76× (6.1%)

πόλεων 50× (4.4%)

'' 35× (3.1%)

--- 26× (2.7%)

pεἰσ 16× (1.7%)

גבולם גְבוּלָם

the borders of themselves

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

גבול

gᵉbûwl

Definition

properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed

Root

or גבל; (shortened) from H1379 (גבל);

Exhaustive

or גבל; (shortened) from גבל; properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e. (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed; border, bound, coast, [idiom] great, landmark, limit, quarter, space.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1366

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

גְּבוּל

noun masculine • Root גבל • Strongs / High • Page 295

The extremity or last part of a thing, by which it is enclosed or encompassed. Hence: 1. border, edge, surrounding margin. 2. border in the widest sense, such as the border of a province, a district with its border, territory.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

גְּבוּל

noun masculine • Root גבל • Page 125

1. bound, limit, border. Num. 34: 3 ff. Deut. 3 : 16, 17. Josh. 13: 23, 27. 15:47. 2. territory. Ex. 10: 14. 3. edge, border, margin. Ezek. 43: 13, 17, 20. Plur. גְּבוּלִים territory, like the Lat. fines. 1 Sam. 5: 6. 2 K. 15: 16. 18: 8.

Noun common both singular construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: ὅρια ὁρίων ὅριον ὅριά ὁρίοισ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1366:

ὅρια 85× (34.5%)

ὁρίων 63× (25.0%)

ὅριον 30× (12.5%)

ὅριά 13× (5.1%)

ὁρίοισ 11× (4.1%)

αὐτῆσ 8× (2.5%)

ὁρίου 5× (2.3%)

ὁρίῳ 4× (1.6%)

--- 3× (1.4%)

ὁριεῖ 3× (1.4%)

ממטה מִמַּטֵּה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

מ

mi / min

Definition

from

Root

Abbreviated from H4480

Exhaustive

(mem) — from / out of

Core value: emergence, separation, derivation
מ does not merely indicate origin in time (“after”). It marks boundary-crossing:
- source,
- differentiation,
- contrast,
- extraction.
Aonically, מ indicates transition between states.
not “after X” but “out from within X.”
This is why מ can signal both cause and contrast: both involve standing on the far side of a boundary.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מטה

maṭṭeh

Definition

a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a support of life, e.g. bread)

Root

or (feminine) מטה; from H5186 (נטה);

Exhaustive

or (feminine) מטה; from נטה; a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance), or walking (a staff; figuratively, a support of life, e.g. bread); rod, staff, tribe.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4294

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַ֫טָּה

adverb • Consonantal / Medium • Page 384

downwards

Matched via consonantal key only

מִטָּה

noun feminine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

That on which one leans or reclines, hence a bed, bolster, table-couch, sofa, litter, palanquin, bier, or a store-room.

Matched via consonantal key only

מֶטֶה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

Iniquity.

Matched via consonantal key only

מַטָּה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

A support, a staff, a stick; figuratively, a rod of correction, punishment, or chastisement; also a tribe. Plural form מַטּוֹת; singular is unused. Same as מַטֶּה.

Matched via consonantal key only

מַטָּה

adverb • Root מטה מוט • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

A bowing down, sinking. As an adverb, it means down, downwards, beneath, deep, under.

Matched via consonantal key only

מַטֶּה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 840

1. A stick, staff, rod, sceptre, yoke. 2. Stem of a people, a tribe. 3. Injustice, wrong. 4. A sinking, bending.

Matched via consonantal key only

מֻטָּה

noun feminine • Root נטה • Consonantal / Medium • Page 841

Extension, spreading out.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מַטֶּה

noun masculine • Root נטה • Page 371

1. a bough, branch (Ezek. 19:11 ff.). 2. a staff, stick, rod (Ex. 4: 2). 3. a tribe of the Israelites (Num. 1: 49). 4. perhaps an arrow, javelin (Hab. 3: 9, 14). 5. an inclining or sinking downwards; as an adv. מַטָּה down, below (Deut. 28: 43).

מֻטֶּה, מֻטָּה

plur. וֹת • Root נטה • Page 371

1. a stretching out (Is. 8: 8). 2. a bending or perversion of justice (Ezek. 9: 9). Verbal from the Pual of נָטָה.

Prep-M, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: φυλῆσ ῥάβδον ῥάβδοσ φυλῶν ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H4294:

φυλῆσ 138× (52.6%)

ῥάβδον 22× (8.7%)

ῥάβδοσ 13× (5.2%)

φυλῶν 10× (4.0%)

--- 8× (3.6%)

φυλὴν 7× (2.8%)

στήριγμα 5× (2.3%)

ῥάβδῳ 5× (2.0%)

ῥάβδουσ 5× (1.9%)

'' 4× (1.5%)

אפרים אֶפְרָיִם׃

Dual Fruit ("Ephraim")

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אפרים

ʼEphrayim

Definition

Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

Root

dual of masculine form of H672 (אפרת); double fruit;

Exhaustive

dual of masculine form of אפרת; double fruit; Ephrajim, a son of Joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory; Ephraim, Ephraimites.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H669

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֶפְרַיִם

noun proper • Root פרה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 178

Ephraim: 1. Proper name of the second son of Joseph. 2. The tribe named after him. 3. The kingdom of the ten tribes. 4. Proper name of a city.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶפְרַיִם

proper name. • Page 67

1. Joseph's second son, the tribe descended from him, or their territory. Jos. 16:5—10. 2. the whole kingdom of Israel. Hos. 12:1, etc. Note: As the name of a country, it is of the fem. gen. Hos. 5:9.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0669:

No stats available

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
Bukki his son, Uzzi his son, Zerahiah his son,

LITV Translation:
Bukki, his son; Uzzi, his son; Zerahiah, his son;

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And to the members of the families of the sons of Kohath there were also given the cities of their borders out of the tribe of Ephraim.