1 Chronicles 3:21

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ובן וּבֶן־

and a son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֶל

chald. • Page 49

Chald. idem. [to Hebrew אַל]. Dan. 2: 24.

אֶל

preposition • Page 50

Primary preposition meaning: 1. to (sign of the dative); 2. towards, even to (Num. 24:1); 3. at, on, near (1 K. 13:20); 4. about, concerning (Gen. 20:2); 5. in, into (Gen. 8:9); 6. among (1 Sam. 10:22); 7. through (Ezek. 44:7); 8. for, on account of (1 K. 14:5); 9. in combination with other prepositions implies direction.

Conjunction, Noun common both singular construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

חנניה חֲנַנְיָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

חנניה

Chănanyâh

Definition

Chananjah, the name of thirteen Israelites

Root

or חנניהו; from H2603 (חנן) and H3050 (יה); Jah has favored;

Exhaustive

or חנניהו; from חנן and יה; Jah has favored; Chananjah, the name of thirteen Israelites; Hananiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2608

בשר

bâsar

Definition

properly, to be fresh, i.e. full (rosy, (figuratively) cheerful); to announce (glad news)

Root

a primitive root;

Exhaustive

a primitive root; properly, to be fresh, i.e. full (rosy, (figuratively) cheerful); to announce (glad news); messenger, preach, publish, shew forth, (bear, bring, carry, preach, good, tell good) tidings.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1319

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

חֲנַנְיָה

noun proper masculine • Root חנן • Strongs / High • Page 506

A masculine proper name meaning 'Jah is kind'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בָּשַׂר

verb • Page 119

1. to bring joyful news; construed with an accusative of the person (2 Sam. 18:19). 2. more rarely to bring news generally (2 Sam. 18:20, 26), sometimes even of an unpleasant nature (1 Sam. 4:17). Hithpa. to receive joyful news (2 Sam. 18:31).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ανανια ανανιασ ανανιαν ανανιου εὐαγγελιζόμενοσ εὐαγγελίσασθαι εὐαγγελιῇ

LXX Usage Statistics

H2608a:

ανανια 13× (42.0%)

ανανιασ 8× (29.0%)

ανανιαν 4× (14.8%)

ανανιου 3× (11.1%)

Hananiah_§Hananiah@1Ch.3.19:

εὐαγγελιζόμενοσ 6× (23.3%)

εὐαγγελίσασθαι 2× (7.8%)

εὐαγγελιῇ 2× (7.8%)

פלטיה פְּלַטְיָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

פלטיה

Pᵉlaṭyâh

Definition

Pelatjah, the name of four Israelites

Root

or פלטיהו; from H6403 (פלט) and H3050 (יה); Jah has delivered;

Exhaustive

or פלטיהו; from פלט and יה; Jah has delivered; Pelatjah, the name of four Israelites; Pelatiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6410

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

פְּלַטְיָה

noun proper masculine • Root פלט • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1172

(The same as פַּלְטוּא) n. p. m.

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H6410:

No stats available

וישעיה וִישַׁעְיָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

ישעיה

Yᵉshaʻyâh

Definition

Jeshajah, the name of seven Israelites

Root

or ישעיהו; from H3467 (ישע) and H3050 (יה); Jah has saved;

Exhaustive

or ישעיהו; from ישע and יה; Jah has saved; Jeshajah, the name of seven Israelites; Isaiah, Jesaiah, Jeshaiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3470

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְשַׁעְיָה

proper noun / masculine • Root ישע • Strongs / High • Page 660

Proper name, meaning 'Jah is salvation'.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

proper name • Root ישע • Page 303

(salvation of Jehovah) Isaiah the prophet (Is. 1:1. 2 K. 19:20). Sept. Ησαΐας. Vulg. Isaias.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ησαιασ ησαιαν ιεσια ισαια

LXX Usage Statistics

H3470b:

ησαιασ 17× (44.2%)

ησαιαν 11× (28.9%)

ιεσια 2× (5.2%)

ισαια 2× (4.5%)

בני בְּנֵי

sons/my son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

רפיה רְפָיָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

רפיה

Rᵉphâyâh

Definition

Rephajah, the name of five Israelites

Root

from H7495 (רפא) and H3050 (יה); Jah has cured;

Exhaustive

from רפא and יה; Jah has cured; Rephajah, the name of five Israelites; Rephaiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7509

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

רְפִיָה

noun proper masculine • Root רפא • Consonantal / Low • Page 1353

1. (Jah is a Healing one; from רָפָא) n. p. m. 2. Another R'fiya (from רָפָה III; place of giants) was the n. p. of a city.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ραφαια

LXX Usage Statistics

H7509:

ραφαια 5× (100.0%)

בני בְּנֵי

sons/my son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

ארנן אַרְנָן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ארנן

ʼArnân

Definition

Arnan, an Israelite

Root

probably from the same as H769 (ארנון); noisy;

Exhaustive

probably from the same as ארנון; noisy; Arnan, an Israelite; Arnan.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H770

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָרְנָן

noun proper masculine • Root ארן • Lemma_Lookup • Page 192

(strong) n. p. m. 1 Chr. 3, 21.

אָרְנָן

noun proper • Root ארן • Lemma_Lookup • Page 192

(strong one, hero) n. p. of a Jebusite (Araunah).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0770:

No stats available

בני בְּנֵי

sons/my son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

עבדיה עֹבַדְיָה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עבדיה

ʻÔbadyâh

Definition

Obadjah, the name of thirteen Israelites

Root

or עבדיהו; active participle of H5647 (עבד) and H3050 (יה); serving Jah;

Exhaustive

or עבדיהו; active participle of עבד and יה; serving Jah; Obadjah, the name of thirteen Israelites; Obadiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5662

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֹבַדְיָה

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 1045

Proper name, masculine. Worshipper of Jah (Obadiah).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עֹבַדְיָה

noun masculine • Root עבד • Page 487

Proper name of several persons (servant of Jehovah), most notably the prophet. Also found as עֹבַדְיָהוּ.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: αβδιου αβδια

LXX Usage Statistics

H5662:

αβδιου 9× (46.2%)

αβδια 6× (30.0%)

בני בְּנֵי

sons/my son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

שכניהס שְׁכַנְיָה׃ס

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

שכניה

Shᵉkanyâh

Definition

Shekanjah, the name of nine Israelites

Root

or (prolonged) שכניהו; from H7931 (שכן) and H3050 (יה); Jah has dwelt;

Exhaustive

or (prolonged) שכניהו; from שכן and יה; Jah has dwelt; Shekanjah, the name of nine Israelites; Shecaniah, Shechaniah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7935

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁכַנְיָה

noun proper masculine • Root שכן • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1424

(Jah is a Familiar or Present One). Proper Name Masculine.

Matched via consonantal key only

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: σεχενια σεχενιασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7935:

σεχενια 5× (62.3%)

σεχενιασ 2× (26.5%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And the sons of Hananiah: Pelatiah, and Jesaiah: the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnon, the sons of Obadiah, the sons of Shecaniah.

LITV Translation:
And the sons of Hananiah: Pelatiah and Jesaiah; the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnan, the sons of Obadiah, the sons of Shechaniah.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And the sons of Hananiah, Pelatiah, and Jeshaiah his son, Rephaiah his son, Arnan his son, Obadiah his son, Shecaniah his son.