1 Chronicles 15:18

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ועמהם וְעִמָּהֶם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עם

ʻim

Definition

adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)

Root

from H6004 (עמם);

Exhaustive

from עמם; adverb or preposition, with (i.e. in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English); accompanying, against, and, as ([idiom] long as), before, beside, by (reason of), for all, from (among, between), in, like, more than, of, (un-) to, with(-al).

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5973

הם

Definition

them, personal pronoun - verb/prep. 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal object pronoun - suffix for propositions and verbs without an object: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9038

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עִם

name element • Root אם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

(In united words like עַמִּי, עֲמִדָּה). Element peculiar to personal names, generally referring to God, signifying uniter, gatherer, binder together, or family-founder. Interchangeable with אֵל, אָב, אָח, and אִם.

עִם

particle / preposition / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1101

A particle/preposition meaning with, cum, beside, by, expressing communion, union, conjunction, or accompaniment. Also functions as a sign of coordination (and).

עִם

preposition / adverb / conjunction • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Among, between, inter, in medio, apud, with; in the midst of; notwithstanding. (When combined with מִן (מֵעִם): away from, from near, out of the possession of, from, according to the mind of.)

עִם

aramaic preposition / conjunction (aramaic) • Root עמם • Strongs / High • Page 1102

Aramaic preposition/conjunction: together with; with (e.g., the clouds of heaven, meaning riding on a cloud); of time, so long as, as long as, like; by (e.g., by night).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

עִם

preposition • Page 512

used only as a preposition. 1. with. Gen. 27: 44. Ex. 22: 29. עִם זֶה with all this, notwithstanding this, Neh. 5: 18. עִם שֶׁמֶשׁ so long as the sun shall endure, Ps. 72: 5. 2. before; e. g. עִם אֵל before God, Job 9: 2. 27: 13. 3. against; e. g. נִלְחַם עִם to fight against.

עִם

preposition • Page 513

with; also in, e.g. עִם לֵילְיָא in the night (Dan. 7:2); עִם דָּר וְדָר so long as the generations of men last (Dan. 3:33, 4:31).

Conjunction, Preposition, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX: μετὰ μετ' μεθ' ἐμοῦ ---

LXX Usage Statistics

H5973a:

μετὰ 252× (26.0%)

μετ' 226× (22.7%)

μεθ' 68× (6.9%)

ἐμοῦ 55× (4.8%)

--- 31× (3.2%)

παρὰ 30× (3.1%)

παρ' 24× (2.5%)

πρὸσ 23× (2.4%)

'' 22× (1.9%)

ἀπὸ 20× (2.1%)

אחיהם אֲחֵיהֶם

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אח

ʼâch

Definition

a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance (like father))

Root

a primitive word;

Exhaustive

a primitive word; a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance (like father)); another, brother(-ly); kindred, like, other. Compare also the proper names beginning with 'Ah-' or 'Ahi-'.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H251

הם

Definition

their, personal posessive - noun suffix: 3rd person masculine plural

Root

Exhaustive

Personal posessive pronoun - suffix for nouns, adjectives and passive participles: 3rd person masculine plural

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9028

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אָח

noun masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 93

Brother; a word of relationship used in various ways: 1. friend, companion. 2. kinsman, fellow-countryman, person of same family or race. 3. ally, confederate. 4. neighbour, fellow man. 5. Used in phrases expressing 'the one... the other' (any one, other).

אָח

noun masculine • Root אחה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 94

Brother; 'fellow' or 'other' in poetical and figurative discourse, applied to persons, animals, and inanimate things. Used frequently in compound proper names, often as an epithet of deity (friend/protector). Usage in Ez. 18:10 is discussed as a possible textual variant for 'one' or 'man'.

אָח

noun feminine • Root אחה • Strongs_Numbers • Page 95

Properly fire, then chafing-dish; heats winter chambers.

אָח

noun masculine • Root אחו • Strongs_Numbers • Page 95

Meadow; to bear fruit between meadows.

אָח

interjection • Strongs_Numbers • Page 95

An exclamation of grief: ah! alas! woe!

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אָח

m. prim. irreg. • Page 37

1. brother; freq. 2. cousin, kinsman of any degree. 3. one belonging to the same tribe. 4. fellow countryman. 5. confederated, bound together by a league. 6. friend, companion. 7. neighbour, fellowman. 8. applied metaphorically to persons and things which have resemblance.

אָח

interj. of lament. • Page 37

Ah! alas! construed with the dative.

אָח

noun feminine • Page 37

firepan, such as is employed in the east for warming chambers. (comp. Arab. ardeo)

אָח

chald. n.m. • Page 37

brother, as in Hebrew.

Noun common masculine plural construct, Suffix pronominal third person masculine plural

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0251:

No stats available

המשנים הַמִּשְׁנים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

משנה

mishneh

Definition

properly, a repetition, i.e. a duplicate (copy of a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second (in order, rank, age, quality or location)

Root

from H8138 (שנה);

Exhaustive

from שנה; properly, a repetition, i.e. a duplicate (copy of a document), or a double (in amount); by implication, a second (in order, rank, age, quality or location); college, copy, double, fatlings, next, second (order), twice as much.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4932

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִשְׁנֶה

noun masculine • Root שנה • Strongs / High • Page 922

1. repetition, of the Torah, copy, apographum; second money; 2. second, with relation to order, rank, dignity and gradation, consequently inferior; 3. the second, i. e. the younger, or less costly kind.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

מִשְׁנֶה

m. verbal • Root שנה • Page 415

1. the second place, in succession or rank; usually put after a noun in regimen. the second priest. 2 K. 25:18. Jer. 52:24. the second chariot, Gen. 41:43. his second brother, 2 Chr. 31:12. 2. as a concrete, the second. the second after the king. 2 Chr. 28:7.

Particle definite article, Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: '' διπλᾶ δισσὸν δευτερώσεωσ δεύτερον

LXX Usage Statistics

H4932:

'' 3× (8.5%)

διπλᾶ 2× (6.7%)

δισσὸν 2× (6.7%)

δευτερώσεωσ 2× (5.7%)

δεύτερον 2× (5.7%)

δευτέρασ 2× (5.7%)

δεύτεροσ 2× (5.2%)

זכריהו זְכַרְיָ֡הוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

זכריה

Zᵉkaryâh

Definition

Zecarjah, the name of twenty-nine Israelites

Root

or זכריהו; from H2142 (זכר) and H3050 (יה); Jah has remembered;

Exhaustive

or זכריהו; from זכר and יה; Jah has remembered; Zecarjah, the name of twenty-nine Israelites; Zachariah, Zechariah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H2148

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

זְכַרְיָה

noun proper masculine • Root זכר • Strongs / High • Page 434

Jah is renowned

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

זְכַרְיָה

proper name • Page 203

(Jehovah remembers) a proper name, (in Greek Ζαχαρίας). 1. a king of Israel, son of Jeroboam II (2 K. 14:29—15:11). 2. a prophet (Zech. 1:1, 7; Ezra 5:1; 6:14).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ζαχαριασ ζαχαρια ζαχαριαν ζαχαριου

LXX Usage Statistics

H2148a:

ζαχαριασ 17× (41.2%)

ζαχαρια 11× (25.2%)

ζαχαριαν 6× (14.1%)

ζαχαριου 5× (12.3%)

בן בּן

builder/son

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

בן

Bên

Definition

Ben, an Israelite

Root

the same as H1121 (בן);

Exhaustive

the same as בן; Ben, an Israelite; Ben.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1122

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

בֶּן

noun • Root בר • Page 105

Chaldee form of son. Found only in the plural בְּנֵי, בְּנַיִן (the singular בַּר being used). Refers to 'the exiles' in Dan. 2:25 and 'bullocks' in Ezr. 6:9.

בֵּן

m. prim. • Root בנה בנה • Page 104

1. son, in the plural sons or children (Gen. 4:25; 43:29; 3:16; Deut. 4:10). This word is used in a very extended sense in Hebrew. 2. grandson, descendant (Gen. 29:5; 32:1). Includes various phrases: children's children (בְּנֵי בָנִים), children of Israel or Israelites (בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל), inhabitants of nations such as Zion (בְּנֵי צִיּוֹן) or Greeks (Joel 4:6). 3. pupil, disciple, follower, worshipper of any one (1 K. 20:35; 2 K. 2:3, 5, 7, 15). Includes 'sons of the prophets' (בְּנֵי נְבִיאִים) and 'worshippers of God' (בְּנֵי אֱלֹהִים). The didactic poet addresses the reader as 'my son' (Prov. 2:1, etc.). 4. a client, favourite; the Israelitish nation is called Jehovah's son (Ps. 80:16; Hos. 11:1; Ex. 4:22). 5. In combination with substantives expressing age, quality, or similar, it denotes one who has this age or quality (Gen. 5:32; Lev. 12:6; Jon. 4:10; Deut. 3:18); e.g., בֶּן־חַיִל (a man of courage), בֶּן־בְּלִיַּעַל (a worthless fellow). 6. used figuratively in other phrases; e.g. 'son of death' (one condemned to die).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H1122:

No stats available

ויעזיאל וְיַעֲזִיאל

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יעזיאל

Yaʻăzîyʼêl

Definition

Jaaziel, an Israelite

Root

from H3267 (יעז) and H410 (אל); emboldened of God;

Exhaustive

from יעז and אל; emboldened of God; Jaaziel, an Israelite; Jaaziel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3268

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יַעְזִיאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root יעז • Consonantal / Low • Page 623

El is the Commanding, Determining one.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H3268:

No stats available

ושמירמות וּשְׁמִירָמ֡וֹת

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שמירמות

Shᵉmîyrâmôwth

Definition

Shemiramoth, the name of two Israelites

Root

or שמרימות; probably from H8034 (שם) and plural of H7413 (רמה); name of heights;

Exhaustive

or שמרימות; probably from שם and plural of רמה; name of heights; Shemiramoth, the name of two Israelites; Shemiramoth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8070

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שְׁמִירָמוֹת

noun proper masculine • Root שמר • Consonantal / Low • Page 1447

Name proper masculine (N.P.M.), possibly related to Semiramis.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: σεμιραμωθ

LXX Usage Statistics

H8070:

σεμιραμωθ 4× (100.0%)

ויחיאל׀ וִיחִיאֵל׀

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יחיאל

Yᵉchîyʼêl

Definition

Jechiel (or Jechavel), the name of eight Israelites

Root

or (2 Chronicles 29:14) יחואל; from H2421 (חיה) and H410 (אל); God will live;

Exhaustive

or (2 Chronicles 29:14) יחואל; from חיה and אל; God will live; Jechiel (or Jechavel), the name of eight Israelites; Jehiel.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3171

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְחִיאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root חיה • Strongs / High • Page 602

A masculine proper name meaning 'El is the animating'.

יְחִיאֵל

noun proper masculine • Root חיה, אל • Strongs / High • Page 603

A proper name meaning 'El is the Living'. The abridged form is חִיאֵל.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ιιηλ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3171:

ιιηλ 13× (93.4%)

ועני וְעֻנִּ֡י

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עני

ʻUnnîy

Definition

Unni, the name of two Israelites

Root

from H6031 (ענה); afflicted;

Exhaustive

from ענה; afflicted; Unni, the name of two Israelites; Unni.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H6042

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

עֳנִי

noun masculine • Root ענה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1113

Oppression, affliction, misery, servitude, bondage, suffering, misfortune, poverty (i. e. poor bread, עֲנִי לֶחֶם Deut. 16, 3; = עֲנִיִּים the wretched). (In pause עֳנִי, with suff. עָנְיִי).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָנִי

prop. part. pass. m. • Root ענה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1112

An oppressed, suffering, wretched one; a pious, patient one; a humble one (all various significations of the verb).

Matched after stripping common prefixes

עָנִי

adjective • Root ענה • Consonantal / Low • Page 1113

Poor, wretched, afflicted, humble, depressed (in pause עָנִי, with suff. עָנִיּוֹ, עָנִיֵּינוּ, עָנִיִּים, עָנִיּוֹת). A peaceful, meek, patient one; an oppressed one; a banished one; a disquieted one; a pious, innocent one. Generally used in all the various meanings of the verb.

Matched after stripping common prefixes

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ωνι

LXX Usage Statistics

H6042:

ωνι 2× (68.5%)

אליאב אֱלִיאָ֡ב

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אליאב

ʼĔlîyʼâb

Definition

Eliab, the name of six Israelites

Root

from H410 (אל) and H1 (אב); God of (his) father;

Exhaustive

from אל and אב; God of (his) father; Eliab, the name of six Israelites; Eliab.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H446

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱלִיאָב

noun proper masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 138

Proper name masculine, 'El is father'.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0446:

No stats available

ובניהו וּבְנָיָ֡הוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בניה

Bᵉnâyâh

Definition

Benajah, the name of twelve Israelites

Root

or בניהו; (prolonged) from H1129 (בנה) and H3050 (יה); Jah has built;

Exhaustive

or בניהו; (prolonged) from בנה and יה; Jah has built; Benajah, the name of twelve Israelites; Benaiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1141

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בְּנָיָהוּ

noun proper masculine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 258

Variant of בְּנָיָה (Benaiah). Name of several men.

Matched via consonantal key only

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: βαναιασ βαναιου βαναια βαναιαν

LXX Usage Statistics

H1141:

βαναιασ 20× (49.1%)

βαναιου 9× (23.1%)

βαναια 6× (14.3%)

βαναιαν 4× (9.0%)

ומעשיהו וּמַעֲשֵׂיָ֡הוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מעשיה

Maʻăsêyâh

Definition

Maasejah, the name of sixteen Israelites

Root

or מעשיהו; from H4639 (מעשה) and H3050 (יה); work of Jah;

Exhaustive

or מעשיהו; from מעשה and יה; work of Jah; Maasejah, the name of sixteen Israelites; Maaseiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4641

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַעֲשֵׂיָה

masculine proper noun • Strongs / High • Page 889

the same as מַעֲשֵׂי (the mighty deed of Jah). A proper name.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: μαασαιου μαασαια μασαια μαασηα μαασιασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4641:

μαασαιου 5× (23.8%)

μαασαια 4× (18.2%)

μασαια 2× (9.8%)

μαασηα 2× (9.8%)

μαασιασ 2× (9.1%)

μαασαιαν 2× (7.6%)

ומתתיהו וּמַתִּתְיָהוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מתתיה

Mattithyâh

Definition

Mattithjah, the name of four Israelites

Root

or מתתיהו; from H4991 (מתת) and H3050 (יה); gift of Jah;

Exhaustive

or מתתיהו; from מתת and יה; gift of Jah; Mattithjah, the name of four Israelites; Mattithiah. n

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4993

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מַתַּתְיָה

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 928

A proper name, masculine. Besides this form, מַתַּי, Mattathias, was also used.

מַתִּתְיָהוּ

noun proper masculine • Lemma_Lookup • Page 928

A proper name, masculine, same as מַתַּתְיָה.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ματταθιασ

LXX Usage Statistics

H4993:

ματταθιασ 6× (75.0%)

ואליפלהו וֶאֱלִיפְלֵ֜הוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

אליפלהו

ʼĔlîyphᵉlêhûw

Definition

Eliphelehu, an Israelite

Root

from H410 (אל) and H6395 (פלה); God of his distinction;

Exhaustive

from אל and פלה; God of his distinction; Eliphelehu, an Israelite; Elipheleh.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H466

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱלִיפְלֵהוּ

noun proper masculine • Strongs_Numbers • Page 139

'El is distinction'; proper name masculine

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0466:

No stats available

ומקניהו וּמִקְנֵיָהוּ

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

מקניהו

Miqnêyâhûw

Definition

Miknejah, an Israelite

Root

from H4735 (מקנה) and H3050 (יה); possession of Jah;

Exhaustive

from מקנה and יה; possession of Jah; Miknejah, an Israelite; Mikneiah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H4737

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

מִקְנֵיָהוּ

noun proper masculine • Root קנה • Strongs / High • Page 900

(Jah is zeal) n. p. m.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H4737:

No stats available

ועבד וְעֹבֵד

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

עבד אדום

ʻÔbêd ʼĔdôwm

Definition

Obed-Edom, the name of five Israelites

Root

from the active participle of H5647 (עבד) and H123 (אדם); worker of Edom;

Exhaustive

from the active participle of עבד and אדם; worker of Edom; Obed-Edom, the name of five Israelites; Obed-edom.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5654

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱדֹם

noun proper • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 66

1. The mountainous territory Edom. 2. The progenitor of the Edomites, Esau. 3. Sometimes stands for Aram (due to scribal interchange of Dalet and Resh).

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדַם

verb • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 64

(Not used in Kal) to fit firmly to one another, to bind, to stamp firmly.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדַם

verb • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 65

Intr. to be red, e.g. applied to the colour of corals, blood, coccus. (Pu.) To be red-coloured, e.g. the shield of the warrior. (Hif.) To shew red, then to grow red. (Hithp.) To shew itself red, to play red, of wine.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדָם

noun masculine • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 64

Man, or collectively men, mankind; proper name of the first man, Adam.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדֹם

adjective • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 65

Red.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדֹם

adjective • Consonantal / Medium • Page 66

1. red, red-shining... applied to a red horse... to the red appearance of water... to the youthful freshness of cheeks. 2. the red-brown pottage of lentils.

Matched via consonantal key only

אֹדֶם

noun feminine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 66

A red precious stone, sardius, carbuncle; always derived from the red colour.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֻדַּם

verb pual • Root אדם • Page 26

To be red-coloured. Nah. 2:4. Ex. 25:5. 35:7, 23.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: αβδεδομ αβεδδαρα αβεδδαραμ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5654:

αβδεδομ 24× (63.3%)

αβεδδαρα 10× (30.6%)

αβεδδαραμ 2× (6.1%)

אדם אֱדֹם

man

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

עבד אדום

ʻÔbêd ʼĔdôwm

Definition

Obed-Edom, the name of five Israelites

Root

from the active participle of H5647 (עבד) and H123 (אדם); worker of Edom;

Exhaustive

from the active participle of עבד and אדם; worker of Edom; Obed-Edom, the name of five Israelites; Obed-edom.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H5654

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱדֹם

noun proper • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 66

1. The mountainous territory Edom. 2. The progenitor of the Edomites, Esau. 3. Sometimes stands for Aram (due to scribal interchange of Dalet and Resh).

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדַם

verb • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 64

(Not used in Kal) to fit firmly to one another, to bind, to stamp firmly.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדַם

verb • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 65

Intr. to be red, e.g. applied to the colour of corals, blood, coccus. (Pu.) To be red-coloured, e.g. the shield of the warrior. (Hif.) To shew red, then to grow red. (Hithp.) To shew itself red, to play red, of wine.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדָם

noun masculine • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 64

Man, or collectively men, mankind; proper name of the first man, Adam.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדֹם

adjective • Root אדם • Consonantal / Medium • Page 65

Red.

Matched via consonantal key only

אָדֹם

adjective • Consonantal / Medium • Page 66

1. red, red-shining... applied to a red horse... to the red appearance of water... to the youthful freshness of cheeks. 2. the red-brown pottage of lentils.

Matched via consonantal key only

אֹדֶם

noun feminine • Consonantal / Medium • Page 66

A red precious stone, sardius, carbuncle; always derived from the red colour.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֻדַּם

verb pual • Root אדם • Page 26

To be red-coloured. Nah. 2:4. Ex. 25:5. 35:7, 23.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: αβδεδομ αβεδδαρα αβεδδαραμ

LXX Usage Statistics

H5654:

αβδεδομ 24× (63.3%)

αβεδδαρα 10× (30.6%)

αβεδδαραμ 2× (6.1%)

ויעיאל וִיעִיאֵל

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

יעיאל

Yᵉʻîyʼêl

Definition

Jeiel, the name of six Israelites

Root

from H3261 (יעה) and H410 (אל); carried away of God;

Exhaustive

from יעה and אל; carried away of God; Jeiel, the name of six Israelites; Jeiel, Jehiel. Compare יעואל.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3273

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יְעִיאֵל

noun proper masculine • Strongs / High • Page 624

A masculine proper name, same as יְעוּאֵל.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ιιηλ

LXX Usage Statistics

H3273:

ιιηλ 11× (83.5%)

השערים הַשֹּׁעֲרִים׃

the Gates

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ה

Definition

the

Root

Demonstrative primitive

Exhaustive

definite article, the, used for all numbers and genders; originally a pronoun demonstrative, this. interrogative particle in direct and indirect questions; in disjunctive questions: whether--or.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

שוער

shôwʻêr

Definition

a janitor

Root

or שער active participle of H8176 (שער) (as denominative from H8179 (שער));

Exhaustive

or שער active participle of שער (as denominative from שער); a janitor; doorkeeper, porter.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H7778

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

שׁוֹעֵר

noun • Root שער • Strongs / High • Page 1400

(A denominative from שַׁעַר) A porter.

שׁוֹעֵר

particle • Root שער • Strongs / High • Page 1466

Gatekeeper, one who keeps the gate or watch at the gate; also refers to a city-watch or the gate-keepers of the temple (plur. שׁוֹעֲרִים).

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

שׁוֹעֵר

m. dec. vii. b. • Root שער • Page 661

A porter; denom. from שַׁעַר a gate. (2 K. 7: 10, 11, 2 Chr. 31: 14.)

Particle definite article, Noun common masculine plural absolute

LXX: πυλωροὶ πυλωροί πυλωρῶν πυλῶν πυλωρὸσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H7778:

πυλωροὶ 12× (31.7%)

πυλωροί 5× (14.0%)

πυλωρῶν 5× (13.1%)

πυλῶν 3× (8.4%)

πυλωρὸσ 2× (6.1%)

πύλαι 2× (5.6%)

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
And with them their brethren being second, Zechariah the son, and Jahaziel and Shemiramoth and Jehiel, and Unni, Eliab, and Benaiah, and Maaseiah, and Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-Edom, Jeiel, gate-keepers.

LITV Translation:
And with them were their brothers of the second rank, Zechariah, Ben, and Jaaziel, and Shemiramoth, and Jehiel, and Unni, Eliab, and Benaiah, and Maaseiah, and Mattithiah, and Elipheleh, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, the gatekeepers.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
and with them their brethren of the second rank, Zechariah, and Jaaziel, and Shemiramoth, and Jehiel, and Elioel, and Eliab, and Benaiah, and Maaseiah, and Mattithiah, and Eliphelehu, and Mikneiah, and Obed-edom, and Jeiel, and Azaziah, the porters.