1 Chronicles 1:7

Paleo Hebrew Niqqud

RBT Hebrew Interlinear:

ובני וּבְנֵי

and sons

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

בן

bên

Definition

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)

Root

from H1129 (בנה);

Exhaustive

from בנה; a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.); [phrase] afflicted, age, (Ahoh-) (Ammon-) (Hachmon-) (Lev-) ite, (anoint-) ed one, appointed to, ([phrase]) arrow, (Assyr-) (Babylon-) (Egypt-) (Grec-) ian, one born, bough, branch, breed, [phrase] (young) bullock, [phrase] (young) calf, [idiom] came up in, child, colt, [idiom] common, [idiom] corn, daughter, [idiom] of first, [phrase] firstborn, foal, [phrase] very fruitful, [phrase] postage, [idiom] in, [phrase] kid, [phrase] lamb, ([phrase]) man, meet, [phrase] mighty, [phrase] nephew, old, ([phrase]) people, [phrase] rebel, [phrase] robber, [idiom] servant born, [idiom] soldier, son, [phrase] spark, [phrase] steward, [phrase] stranger, [idiom] surely, them of, [phrase] tumultuous one, [phrase] valiant(-est), whelp, worthy, young (one), youth.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1121

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

בֵּן

masc. noun • Root בין • Strongs / High • Page 253

1. A child, begotten, born, often without distinction of sex (frequently pluralized as children). 2. Specifically, a son, a male child (opposite daughter). 3. Used metaphorically to denote personal characteristics (virtuous or vicious personality, heir of virtue/vice) or objects (e.g., young animals, plants, or inanimate objects). 4. A grandson; also used as boy, youth, prince, heir to the throne.

Conjunction, Noun common masculine plural construct

LXX: υἱοὶ υἱὸσ υἱῶν υἱοῦ υἱοῖσ

LXX Usage Statistics

H1121a:

υἱοὶ 1075× (22.0%)

υἱὸσ 753× (16.8%)

υἱῶν 607× (12.2%)

υἱοῦ 368× (8.1%)

υἱοῖσ 329× (6.1%)

υἱοὺσ 292× (5.7%)

υἱὸν 213× (4.6%)

--- 116× (2.6%)

υἱὲ 96× (2.2%)

'' 84× (1.6%)

יון יָוָן

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

יון

Yâvân

Definition

Javan, the name of a son of Joktan, and of the race (Ionians, i.e. Greeks) descended from him, with their territory; also of a place in Arabia

Root

probably from the same as H3196 (יין); effervescing (i.e. hot and active);

Exhaustive

probably from the same as יין; effervescing (i.e. hot and active); Javan, the name of a son of Joktan, and of the race (Ionians, i.e. Greeks) descended from him, with their territory; also of a place in Arabia; Javan.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3120

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

יָוָן

proper noun / masculine • Strongs / High • Page 597

1. Javan, the fourth son of Japhet; by extension this name refers to the Hellenic race, the Ionians, and then all Greeks. 2. A city in Yemen, or the territory of Yemen generally.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

יָוָן

proper name • Page 278

The people and country of the Ionians, the tribe of the Greeks who lay nearest to the Shemitish nations.

יָוָן

proper name • Page 279

Greece; also a Greek. Mentioned in Joel 4:6. Also refers to a city in Arabia Felix (Ezek. 27:19).

Noun proper name masculine

LXX: ιωυαν ἑλλήνων

LXX Usage Statistics

H3120:

ιωυαν 4× (35.6%)

ἑλλήνων 4× (34.3%)

אלישה אֱלִישָׁה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

אלישה

ʼĔlîyshâh

Definition

Elishah, a son of Javan

Root

probably of foreign derivation;

Exhaustive

probably of foreign derivation; Elishah, a son of Javan; Elishah.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H473

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

אֱלִישָׁה

noun proper • Lemma_Lookup • Page 140

Proper name of a Greek tribe beside Javan, which the Mosaic ethnographical table adduces as the son of Javan. Since Javan is the Ionic tribe, likely the Aeolic, the Ionians and Aeolians being the two leading tribes of the Hellenists.

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

אֱלִישָׁה

proper name • Page 52

A Grecian province from which purple was brought to Tyre. Gen. 10: 4. Ezek. 27: 7.

Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H0473:

No stats available

ותרשישה וְתַרְשׁישָׁה

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

תרשיש

Tarshîysh

Definition

Tarshish, a place on the Mediterranean, hence, the ephithet of a merchant vessel (as if for or from that port); also the name of a Persian and of an Israelite

Root

probably the same as H8658 (תרשיש) (as the region of the stone, or the reverse);

Exhaustive

probably the same as תרשיש (as the region of the stone, or the reverse); Tarshish, a place on the Mediterranean, hence, the ephithet of a merchant vessel (as if for or from that port); also the name of a Persian and of an Israelite; Tarshish, Tharshish.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H8659

ה

Definition

to

Root

Exhaustive

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H9011

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

תַּרְשִׁישׁ

noun proper • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1534

1. N. p. of a Pelasgian-Hellenic sea-faring race (Tyrseni/Etrurians), mentioned in the ethnographical table (Gen. 10, 4), who formed a state in Italy.

Matched via consonantal key only

תַּרְשִׁישׁ

noun proper • Consonantal / Medium • Page 1534

1. Gades (Cadiz); 2. Tartessus (a district in Spain); 3. Certain colonial coast-districts in North Africa (where Solomon's ships sailed); 4. Emporiums and coast-districts of southern Arabia; 5. A precious stone (chrysolite of the ancients, topaz of the moderns); 6. N. p. of a Persian prince (Esth. 1, 14).

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

תַּרְשִׁישׁ

noun • Page 728

1. Tarshish ships, used to denote large merchant ships bound on long voyages (Is. 23:1, 4; 60:9; Ps. 48:8). 2. A precious stone, likely chrysolite or topaz (Ex. 28:20, 39:13; Ezek. 1:16, 10:9; Dan. 10:6).

תַּרְשִׁישׁ

proper name • Page 727

Tartessus, a city and country in Spain; a celebrated emporium with which the Phenicians and Hebrews traded. References: Gen. 10:4; Ps. 72:10; Ezek. 27:12, 25; Jon. 1:3.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine, Suffix directional he

LXX: θαρσισ καρχηδόνιοι καρχηδόνοσ pεἰσ pἐκ

LXX Usage Statistics

H8659:

θαρσισ 18× (53.2%)

καρχηδόνιοι 3× (10.0%)

καρχηδόνοσ 3× (9.5%)

pεἰσ 2× (6.6%)

pἐκ 2× (6.6%)

כתים כִּתּים

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

כתי

Kittîy

Definition

a Kittite or Cypriote; hence, an islander in general, i.e. the Greeks or Romans on the shores opposite Palestine

Root

or כתיי; patrial from an unused name denoting Cyprus (only in the plural);

Exhaustive

or כתיי; patrial from an unused name denoting Cyprus (only in the plural); a Kittite or Cypriote; hence, an islander in general, i.e. the Greeks or Romans on the shores opposite Palestine; Chittim, Kittim.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H3794

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

כִּתִּים

proper noun • Consonantal / Medium • Page 747

1. The city Citium, in the island of Cyprus. 2. The island of Cyprus generally. 3. A part of Cilicia, especially the coast-district. In later usage, it came to mean all the islands and coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, Macedonia, and other countries.

Matched via consonantal key only

כִּתִּים

gent. m. pl. • Root כת • Consonantal / Medium • Page 749

The Chittim. 1. The island of Cyprus. 2. The Chittian islands, denoting the islands and coast-territories of the West. 3. Macedonia, Italy, and by extension, Roman ships.

Matched via consonantal key only

Gesenius

Gesenius Lexicon

כִּתִּים

plur. • Page 334

The Chittim, the name of a western people (Gen. 10: 4; Dan. 11: 30; Ezek. 27: 6). Often used for western people generally, identified variously as Italy, Cyprus, or Macedonia.

Noun proper name

LXX: κιτιαίων κίτιοι

LXX Usage Statistics

H3794:

κιτιαίων 2× (21.3%)

κίτιοι 2× (21.3%)

ורודניםס וְרוֹדָנִים׃ס

None

STRONGS

Strong's Lexicon

ו

wə

Definition

and

Root

From H8505; a prefix

Exhaustive

The conjunctive ו is not merely a fixed coordinator with a stable semantic value (“and/but/or/then”). Its core function is linkage, not meaning. It binds units into a single discourse field—phrases, clauses, or whole scenes—while leaving the logical relation to be inferred from aspect, word order, genre, and context.

So the variability in translation (“and / but / or / even / then”) is not polyvalence in the particle; it is underspecification by design. The language expects the reader/hearer to perceive the relation rather than have it encoded.

Crucially, conjunctive ו does not imply temporal sequence. It implies continuity of attention. Think of it as:
- “this belongs with what precedes,”
- “remain within the same frame,”
“do not reset the discourse.”
This is why Hebrew can chain dozens of clauses with ו without subordination or explicit logic markers. The text advances by accumulation, not by branching syntactic trees. Meaning arises from the interaction:
- Aspect (qatal / yiqtol / participle),
- Position (fronted elements, resumptive nouns),
- Genre (law, narrative, oracle),
- Context (who speaks, to whom).
The ו simply keeps the circuit closed so these cues can operate together. Remove tense assumptions, and the system becomes coherent.

Source: The Aonic Nature of Biblical Hebrew Prepositions

דדנים

Dôdânîym

Definition

Dodanites, or descendants of a son of Javan

Root

or (by orthographical error) רדנים (1 Chronicles 1:7); a plural of uncertain derivation;

Exhaustive

or (by orthographical error) רדנים (1 Chronicles 1:7); a plural of uncertain derivation; Dodanites, or descendants of a son of Javan; Dodanim.

Source: Strong's Exhaustive Concordance — H1721

Fürst

Fürst Lexicon

דֹּדָנִים

noun proper • Strongs / High • Page 356

Proper name of Javan's last son, representing one of the most important Greek races. An alternative form is רוֹדָנִים.

Conjunction, Noun proper name masculine

LXX:

LXX Usage Statistics

H1721:

No stats available

RBT Translation:

No verse found

RBT Paraphrase:
No verse found

Julia Smith Literal 1876 Translation:
The sons of Javan: Elishah, and Tarshish, Chittim and Dodanim.

LITV Translation:
And the sons of Javan: Elishah, and Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim.

Brenton Septuagint Translation:
And the sons of Javan, Elishah, and Tarshish, the Kittim, and Rodanim.